CN203296025U - Dam face energy dissipater - Google Patents
Dam face energy dissipater Download PDFInfo
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- CN203296025U CN203296025U CN2013202943754U CN201320294375U CN203296025U CN 203296025 U CN203296025 U CN 203296025U CN 2013202943754 U CN2013202943754 U CN 2013202943754U CN 201320294375 U CN201320294375 U CN 201320294375U CN 203296025 U CN203296025 U CN 203296025U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a dam face energy dissipater. A plurality of sets of bosses are distributed on a dam face in a staggered mode from top to bottom. The top face of each boss is upwarped from front to back, the rear edge of the top face of each boss is of a circular arc shape, the aeration length can be effectively increased, the contacting face of water flow and air is increased, aeration on the surface of a draining water tongue is made to be more sufficient, and a bottom edge air containing spiral roll is more stable and complete. In addition, the top face of each boss is upwarped to form a micro-concave area like a small water cushion pool, a formed water cushion layer can increase energy dissipation and reduce falling flow impact, and dam face cavitation is avoided, water flow scatters and falls in a sector shape from the top face of each boss in flood discharge, the water flow forms the bottom air containing spiral roll along an circular-arc-shaped rear edge, after the sector-shaped scattering water flow and the sector-shaped scattering water flow of the adjacent bosses are collided and mixed on the water cushion layer on the top face of the next stage boss, the water flow scatters and falls again in the sector shape to form a fish scale type dam face space three-dimensional energy dissipation typical flow state, wherein the surface of the fish scale type dam face space three-dimensional typical flow state is provided with an aeration water tongue, the bottom of the fish scale type dam face space three-dimensional typical flow state is provided with an air spiral roll, scattering collision and water cushion energy dissipation are achieved on the local portion of the fish scale type dam face space three-dimensional typical flow state, and the energy dissipation efficiency of the dam face can be improved more effectively.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the dam facing energy dissipater of overfall dam structure, particularly a kind of overfall dam.
Background technology
Dam, the dash building of block rivers ditch water flow with heading up or adjust flux, it has the formation reservoir, heading up, regulated flow, concentrated head, be used for flood control, water supply, irrigation, hydroelectric generation, improve the effect such as shipping, but current high concentration during the dam flood discharge, must take effective Energy Dissipation Modes under the current let out carry out energy dissipating, otherwise the huge water that lower flood discharge miscarriage is given birth to can cause harmful effect to underwater bed and surrounding enviroment.
In existing Energy Dissipation Modes, carrying out energy dissipating by the structure of building dam facing is quite effective mode, for example, traditional dam facing is often built into the very little smooth surface of roughness, the energy of lower sluicing stream more than 90% is transported to the concentrated disspation through hydraudic jimp of carrying out of dam facing end, but while adopting disspation through hydraudic jimp, not only deeply but also long, energy dissipating erosion control facilities engineering amount was large, cost is high for required absorption basin.
For this reason, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, prior art has occurred dam facing is built into the stepped or discontinuous stair-stepping Energy Dissipation Modes of raised type in the continuous rank of concave, wherein, concave successive steps energy dissipater is multiplex on the steeper dam facing of the gradient, and the discontinuous ladder energy dissipater of raised type is multiplex on the dam facing that the gradient is delayed.by ladder, current are produced fragmentation, aggravated the development in flow turbulence and boundary layer, make on the dam facing ladder the horizontal gassiness whirlpool that occurs along horizontal rotational shaft, main flow is subjected to its liner, skim over each ladder end, progressively form surface aerated nappe is arranged, the stepped spillway face typical case fluidised form that bottom has stable gassiness whirlpool to roll---the sliding current of plunderring, flow energy passes through aeration, shear action between whirlpool rolls and fall continuously the strong blending effect that bank causes and dissipated, greatly increased the energy dissipation rate of dam facing, thereby reduce downstream complementary energy, improve the energy dissipating pressure of downstream absorption basin, be conducive to reduce length and the degree of depth of absorption basin, cost saving.But these two kinds step-like dam facing energy dissipaters 10, part still has some deficits: 1, when discharge per unit width is larger, overflow Thickness Ratio step 100 is highly large, aeration and stablize position that whirlpool rolls generation on the lower, cunning is plunderred the current underdevelop, causes the energy dissipating inefficiency; 2, for middle weir, the short situation of dam facing flow process, even can't form stable cunning and plunder current, can not embody the advantage of dam facing ladder energy dissipating; Even 3 under normal running (operation) conditions, this energy dissipater also has certain optimization room for promotion, further reduces the engineering quantity of downstream absorption basin.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of effect of energy dissipation better dam facing energy dissipater.
Dam facing energy dissipater described in the utility model, comprise the dam facing of inclination, dam facing many group boss that distribute from top to bottom, and neighbouring boss is dislocatedly distributed, and is nested against one another, and the boss end face is upturned from front to back, and trailing edge is circular arc.
the utility model according to bionical engineering principle in conjunction with hydraulics energy dissipating principle, many group boss from top to bottom have been dislocatedly distributed on dam facing, each boss end face is upturned from front to back, trailing edge is circular arc, it is compared with existing straight ladder energy dissipater, can effectively increase aeration length, increase the contact surface of current and air, make earial drainage overflow surface aeration more abundant, root edge gassiness whirlpool rolls more stable and complete, in addition, the boss end face upwarps and forms the nick zone, as miniature plunge pool, the water subfill that forms can increase energy dissipating and reduce down stream and impact, prevent the dam facing cavitation, during flood discharge, current are fan-shaped dispersion from the boss end face and fall, forming bottom gassiness whirlpool along the circular arc trailing edge rolls, fan-shaped dispersing water flow on fan-shaped dispersing water flow and adjacent lands collides blending on the water subfill of next stage boss end face, fan-shaped dispersion is fallen again, forming surface has aerated nappe, bottom that the scale type dam facing space multistory energy dissipating typical case fluidised form that the gassiness whirlpool rolls, there are dispersion collision and water cushion energy dissipating in part is arranged, and it can more effectively improve dam facing energy dissipating efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing step-like dam facing energy dissipater's top view.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of Fig. 1 along the A-A direction.
Fig. 3 is top view of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of Fig. 3 along the A-A direction.
The specific embodiment
as Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, described dam facing energy dissipater, the dam facing 1 that comprises the inclination with certain-length, dam facing 1 from top to bottom stepped distribution is organized boss more, neighbouring boss is dislocatedly distributed, nested against one another on plane, be fish scale-shaped, the end face of each boss 2 is upturned from front to back, trailing edge is circular arc, it is compared with existing straight ladder energy dissipater, can effectively increase aeration length, increase the contact surface of current and air, make earial drainage overflow surface aeration more abundant, root edge gassiness whirlpool rolls more stable and complete, boss 2 end faces perk backward form the nick zone, as miniature plunge pool, the water subfill that forms can reduce down stream to be impacted, prevent the dam facing cavitation, during flood discharge, current are fan-shaped dispersion from boss 2 end faces and fall, forming bottom gassiness whirlpool along the circular arc trailing edge rolls, fan-shaped dispersing water flow on fan-shaped dispersing water flow and adjacent lands 2 collides blending on the water subfill of next stage boss 2 end faces, fan-shaped dispersion is fallen again, forming surface has aerated nappe, bottom that the scale type dam facing space multistory energy dissipating typical case fluidised form that the gassiness whirlpool rolls, there are dispersion collision and water cushion energy dissipating in part is arranged, and it can more effectively improve dam facing energy dissipating efficiency.
As shown in Fig. 3,4, because the size that is distributed in the boss 2 on dam facing directly affects dam facing along Cheng Shuishen, flow velocity, pressure, aeration degree and effect of energy dissipation etc., therefore, boss on dam facing is set rightly, lower sluicing stream thinning is disperseed, form more stable aeration whirlpool and roll district and collision dilution zone, and the boss size Selection with under to let out discharge per unit width, height of dam, dam facing slope be domatic vertical height and the ratio of horizontal width than i(), effect of energy dissipation is relevant, so its size should be set according to the actual requirements.
Wherein, for the step height a of boss 2, when step height a is larger, fall the corresponding increase of current down stream drop between bank, effect of energy dissipation is better; But when the low discharge earial drainage, the current down stream fluctuation of falling between bank is larger, and the sharp phenomenon of spattering of current is comparatively obvious.Aeration and whirlpool roll position in boss size one regularly, with under let out discharge per unit width increase move down gradually along flowing to.So the step height a of boss should be chosen as 0.5～1.8m, concrete height is determined by the earial drainage discharge per unit width.
For the radius r of the trailing edge of boss 2 end face circular arcs, it should make the fan-shaped dispersion train that forms on adjacent lands 2 end faces mutually clash into and fully blending.As too small in radius r, the advantage performance of boss 2 is not obvious; And radius r is excessive, and the quantity of boss 2 and fan-shaped dispersion train reduces relatively, and main flow is disperseed fragmentation not, affects the stable and energy dissipating efficiency of fluidised form.So, the radius r of the trailing edge of boss end face circular arc should by
Arrange, and according to the dam facing overflow performance, adjust.
For the transversion malposition spacing d of boss with vertically for dislocation spacing L, disperse degree of crushing influential to energy dissipater's number and current equally, can be by d=(0.2～0.5) r, L=r chooses.
For the angle beta that the boss end face upwarps, the angle beta that end face upwarps is larger, and is stronger to disturbance and the fragmentation of current, the current aeration is more abundant, the water subfill of boss end face formation is darker in addition, and the water yield that participates in local collision is also larger, and energy dissipating efficiency is also higher; When discharge per unit width is larger, in the steeper situation of the dam facing gradient, be to guarantee effect of energy dissipation, the β value should suitably strengthen.Upwarp angle beta and can be made as 10 °～25 °, specifically can be more selected than i, discharge per unit width and effect of energy dissipation etc. according to the dam facing slope.
Compare with the stepped spillway face energy dissipater of routine, dam facing energy dissipater of the present utility model can make the current aeration of letting out under dam facing more abundant, and can promote current to disperse collision, increase the shearing blending between current, further improve dam facing energy dissipating efficiency, washing away, simplify the energy-dissipating installation of even canceling the dam facing end to improving under dam and have remarkable effect, is a kind of economical and practical, and the novel dam facing energy dissipater larger to the accommodation of discharge per unit width.
Claims (5)
1. dam facing energy dissipater comprises and it is characterized in that the dam facing of inclination: dam facing many group boss that from top to bottom distribute, and neighbouring boss is dislocatedly distributed, and is nested against one another, and each boss end face is upturned from front to back, and trailing edge is circular arc.
2. dam facing energy dissipater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the angle beta that described boss end face upwarps is 10 °～25 °.
3. dam facing energy dissipater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step height a of described boss is 0.5～1.8m.
4. dam facing energy dissipater according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the radius of described boss end face circular arc trailing edge
, wherein, i is dam facing slope ratio, and a is the step height of boss, and β is the angle that the boss end face upwarps.
5. dam facing energy dissipater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the transversion malposition spacing d of boss=(0.2～0.5) r, and the spacing that vertically misplaces L=r, wherein, r is the radius of boss end face circular arc trailing edge.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013202943754U CN203296025U (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2013-05-27 | Dam face energy dissipater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013202943754U CN203296025U (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2013-05-27 | Dam face energy dissipater |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203296025U true CN203296025U (en) | 2013-11-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2013202943754U Withdrawn - After Issue CN203296025U (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2013-05-27 | Dam face energy dissipater |
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| CN (1) | CN203296025U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103225292A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-07-31 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Dam face energy dissipation tool |
| CN108086460A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 广州地理研究所 | A kind of multidimensional ecological pollution object for entering artificial swamp for rainwater cuts control system |
-
2013
- 2013-05-27 CN CN2013202943754U patent/CN203296025U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103225292A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-07-31 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Dam face energy dissipation tool |
| CN103225292B (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2015-10-28 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | A kind of dam face energy dissipation tool |
| CN108086460A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 广州地理研究所 | A kind of multidimensional ecological pollution object for entering artificial swamp for rainwater cuts control system |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20131120 Effective date of abandoning: 20151028 |
|
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |