CN109773489A - A kind of metal sheet slitting method and metal sheet slitting equipment of the section without tear zone - Google Patents
A kind of metal sheet slitting method and metal sheet slitting equipment of the section without tear zone Download PDFInfo
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- CN109773489A CN109773489A CN201910162158.1A CN201910162158A CN109773489A CN 109773489 A CN109773489 A CN 109773489A CN 201910162158 A CN201910162158 A CN 201910162158A CN 109773489 A CN109773489 A CN 109773489A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to metal sheet slitting technical fields, provide a kind of metal sheet slitting method of the section without tear zone, heating treatment are carried out using traditional cold cutter device, and by the shear zone to metal, so that tear zone can not occur always in shear zone.The present invention also provides a kind of metal sheet slitting equipment, including shear and heat riser, are to carry out heating treatment to shear zone by heat riser in shear shearing.Obtained shearing area through the invention, without tear zone, only collapse angular region, shear band and fuse area, in addition, the fuse area consumes energy smaller compared to the methods of laser cutting, wire cutting, and cutting speed is similar to cold shearing speed, is significantly higher than laser cutting, wire cutting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal sheet slitting technical field, in particular to metal sheet slitting method of a kind of section without tear zone.
Background technique
In the cutting method of metal, realize that cutting separation there are 3 class technical solutions, one cuts for cold cut, such as shearing, punching
Deng secondly for thermal cutting, including gas flame cuttiug, plasma cut, laser cutting etc., thirdly being wire cutting.
Cold cut is cut for shearing, and by the extruding of upper and lower blade, realizes the fracture separation of metal, fracture is presented 4
Region, referring to Fig. 6: the angular region a that collapses, shear band b, fracture belt c (i.e. tear zone), burr area (in figure for display), the α angle in figure
For angle of tear.The wherein aggravation for being formed because as plastic deformation degree of tear zone, make there are processing hardening because of metal in
Stress is continuously improved, and cracks when reaching compressive yield strength, the Quick Extended of crackle and form tear zone, crackle perforation is then real
The separation of steel plate is showed.This mode is inevitably present tear zone, and there are a large amount of microfissures for tear zone, when section is held
When tension stress, it is easy in tear zone crack initiation.And crack propagation perforation up and down, need cutting edge sideshake and steel plate material strong
The case where degree, thickness match, otherwise will appear excessive burr or secondary shearing, makes section defect more.In actual operation,
It needs the Material Strength according to supplied materials, thickness accordingly to adjust sideshake, operates relatively time-consuming effort.
Thermal cutting issues laser beam for being cut by laser, through laser, and laser beam makes burnt in it through lens focus
Steel plate region at point receives the laser irradiation of high-energy density, and generates localized hyperthermia, thus the part steel plate or gasification or
Fusing, to wear into aperture, with the relative motion of laser beam and steel plate, numerous aperture, which connects, is achieved that steel plate
Segmentation.This mode is cut compared to cold cut, has the characteristics that section is bright and clean, but equipment is expensive, higher cost, and stimulated light
Device power etc. limitation, can only the relatively thin metal of cutting thickness, as metal thickness increases, cutting speed is decreased obviously.
Wire cutting is also known as Wire-cut Electrical Discharge Machining, and basic functional principle is the fine wire (one using continuous moving
As be molybdenum filament) make electrode, pulse spark electric discharge removal metal and excision forming are carried out to workpiece.The major advantage of this method is to add
Work precision is high, but it is larger to consume energy simultaneously, higher cost.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the deficiencies of existing technologies, one kind is provided and is avoided that tear zone simultaneous processing efficiency occur
High metal sheet slitting method.
The present invention solves the above problems the technical scheme adopted is that a kind of metal sheet slitting method of section without tear zone,
In shearing, metal is divided into the first metal portion and the second metal portion along shearing seam using blade, first metal portion and
The part sheared between second metal portion by the blade is shear zone；
In shear history, to the shear zone persistently overheating, to make the shear zone soften, until first metal
Portion is separated with the second metal portion along shearing seam；
In the shear zone temperature-rise period, when the metal is trimmed to the critical point for tear zone occur or tear
Before the critical point in area, the temperature of the shear zone makes breaking strength of the shear zone internal stress less than the metal.
In some embodiments, shearing when with the area of section of the shear zone it is smaller, the Metal Temperature of the shear zone
Degree constantly increases；When the metal temperature of the shear zone reaches melting point metal, first metal portion and the second metal portion edge
Shearing seam fusing separation；When the maximum temperature of the shear zone be less than the metal fusing point when, first metal portion (1) with
Second metal portion (2) stitches shearing separation along the shearing.
In some embodiments, the method for the shear zone heating is to be passed through electric current to the shear zone.
In some embodiments, it is logical to be respectively provided in first metal portion and the second metal portion to be passed through the method for electric current
It is electric, so that by forming current loop between the first metal portion and the second metal portion described in the shear zone.
In some embodiments, the upper surface for being respectively arranged at first metal portion and second gold medal of being powered
The lower surface in category portion.
In some embodiments, the point that is powered is respectively arranged at the outside of first metal portion and the second metal portion.
In some embodiments, the electric current that the shear zone is passed through is high frequency alternating current, adjusts the temperature of the shear zone
The method of degree is the power or frequency for controlling electric current, or the current distribution that external magnetic field controls the shear zone is added.
In some embodiments, the metal is steel, when steel is trimmed to the critical point for tear zone occur or is torn
Before the critical point of split plot, the temperature of the shear zone is greater than or equal to ferrite recrystallization temperature.
A kind of metal sheet slitting equipment, the shearing equipment include shear and heat riser, and the shear includes
For metal to be divided into the blade of the first metal portion Yu the second metal portion, first metal portion and the second metal along shearing seam
The part sheared between portion by the blade is shear zone；The heat riser is alive for Denso to the shear zone
It sets.
In some embodiments, the metal is steel, and the shear is circle shear, and the power supply unit is cut to described
Cutting the electric current that area is passed through is high frequency alternating current, and the cutting edge side clearance of the circle shear is 0.2-1.5mm, the high-frequency alternating electricity
The higher frequency of stream is 10kHz-500kHz, electric current 20A-300A.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is by the heating to shear zone, so that the regional metal softens, weakens
Work-hardening capacity, is able to can to continue to be plastically deformed.Emollescence can offset the rising of processing hardening, make internal stress always
It is unable to reach the rupture strength of metal, i.e. tear zone can not occur in metal, always remain as shear band.Effectively avoid tearing
The appearance in area improves production precision, while basal profile of the invention cuts for cold cut, therefore also has the processing effect that cold cut is cut
The high feature of rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of energization schematic diagram of the section without embodiment one in the metal sheet slitting method of tear zone of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the section without embodiment one in the metal sheet slitting method of tear zone of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of shearing mechanism figure of the section without embodiment one in the metal sheet slitting method of tear zone of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of shearing mechanism figure of the section without embodiment two in the metal sheet slitting method of tear zone of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of section of the present invention without circle shear shearing schematic diagram in the metal sheet slitting method of tear zone；
Fig. 6 is the administrative division map that rear metal port is cut in cold cut in the prior art；
In figure, the 1, first metal portion；2, the second metal portion；3, energization point；4, upper knife edge；5, lower blade, 3a, anode are powered
Point；3b, cathode energization point.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
For convenience of being illustrated to the embodiment of the present invention, it is described by taking the cut mode of circle shear as an example below.
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig.1, metal is divided into first not be kept completely separate along shearing seam using blade in shearing by Fig. 2, Fig. 3
Metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2 by part that the blade is sheared are to cut between first metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2
Area is cut, i.e., the intersection of described first metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2 is.By taking circle shear as an example, the knife edge part of circle shear
Including upper knife edge 4 and lower blade 5, when metal passes through between upper knife edge 4 and lower blade 5, the lower blade 5 of upper knife edge 4 can be transported in opposite directions
It is dynamic that metal is squeezed, to achieve the purpose that shear metal, during extruding, there can be two not be kept completely separate
Metal part, i.e. the first metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2, shear zone are the first metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2 that do not cut
Intersection.Here the first metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2 is divided into carry out technical solution of the present invention only for convenient
Illustrate, and the first metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2 are distinguished without specific, blade not in contact with the other parts of metal be not belonging to
The division of first metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2.
Since the property of blade and metal determines that in extrusion process, the area of shear zone is simultaneously non-uniform, at first press section
Facet product is minimum, and last crimping section area is maximum.As shown in figure 1, B2C2 and B3C3 are shear zone to example, but due to metal
The direction of motion be from B2C2 to B3C3, therefore the area of B3C3 be less than B2C2 area.
The present invention is in shear history, to the shear zone persistently overheating, to make the regional metal soften, until described
First metal portion 1 is separated with the second metal portion 2 along shearing seam.
Specifically, the area of the shear zone is smaller, temperature is higher；When the shear zone temperature reaches melting point metal,
First metal portion 1 is separated with the second metal portion 2 along shearing seam fusing.
Another situation of the invention, the area of the shear zone is smaller, and temperature is higher；When the highest temperature of the shear zone
When degree is not up to melting point metal, first metal portion 1 is separated with the second metal portion 2 along shearing seam shearing.
In above two method, using fuse isolated method when, then fuse area ratio also corresponding change when curent change,
Therefore it can make section that the pattern centainly changed be presented by adjusting size of current.This feature can be used to do on section
" mark ", and remove marking machine from.
When using shearing isolated method, the temperature of shear zone is lower, so that the current strength needed is smaller, compared to molten
Disconnected separation can more save the energy.
In the present embodiment, the method for shear zone heating softening is to be passed through high frequency alternating current to metal.It is worth explanation
It is the effect that is passed through direct current also and can achieve to shear zone heating, but compared to high frequency alternating current, due to not having collection
Skin effect and neighborhood effect, energy consumption will be more than being passed through high frequency alternating current.
After metal is passed through high frequency alternating current, due to kelvin effect and neighborhood effect, energy concentrates on shear zone, with
The shearing of blade, shear zone section is smaller and smaller, then the current density passed through is increasing, to keep the temperature of shear zone more next
Higher, emollescence also continues to increase, and can offset the rising of processing hardening, and internal stress is made to be unable to reach rupture strength water always
It is flat, always remain as shear band.Thus realize the purpose that electric current softens shear zone heating, meanwhile, when shear zone is small to certain
Area, temperature reaches the fusing point of metal, then the metal fusing of the shear zone, metal separate up and down.
The method for being passed through high frequency alternating current is to be respectively provided with energization point in first metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2
3, anode energization point 3a is set in the present embodiment, in the first metal portion 1, setting cathode energization point 3b in the second metal portion 2,
It can be and be reversed, so that forming current loop between first metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2.
In the present embodiment, first metal portion 1 and the second shearing completely of metal portion 2 form separating end, for convenience of right
The present embodiment is illustrated, and as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, defining E is the first metal portion 1 in the end face of separating end, and F is the second metal portion
2 in the end face of separating end.The point 3 that is powered is respectively arranged at upper surface and the institute of first metal portion 1 close to separating end
State the lower surface of the second metal portion 2.Two energization points 3 are all set at shearing seam.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, defining B3C3 is shear zone when metal temperature reaches fusing point, B1C1 is gold
Belong to the state when not sheared in advance, any one shear zone of B2C2 between B3C3 and B1C1.Between two energization points 3
It is continually fed into high frequency alternating current, then due to its kelvin effect and neighborhood effect, energy concentrates on shear zone.By in a, b point
High frequency alternating current is added, the face A3A4C4C3 and the face B3B4D4D3 form current loop, the region B3C3 made to be warming up to fusing point；Simultaneously
Since temperature higher magnetic permcability declines, high-frequency current penetration depth is increased, and A2A3C3C2 and the region B2B3D3D2 is made also to have electric current
By rising the regional temperature, i.e., there are a temperature fields in the region, higher closer to B3 point temperature, further away from B3 point temperature
It is lower.
Two faces A3A4C4C3, B3B4D4D3 that electric current flows through in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, although this electric current compares under kindred effect
Contact pad areas is weak, but also has heat effect, can eliminate or weaken the two faces shear zone residual mechanical stress, improve shearing
The toughness plasticity in area, to be more advantageous to fatigue behaviour.
By taking steel as an example, the metal is steel, and there are 2 nodes in shear history, when temperature reaches about 600 DEG C,
Due to having reached ferrite recrystallization temperature Tc, bating effect is greatly increased；When temperature further rises to austenitizing temperature
Afterwards, since austenite slip system is big, bating effect is leaped again.
To reach said effect, the cutting edge side clearance of circle shear is set as 0.2-1.5mm, the height of the high frequency alternating current
Frequent rate is 10kHz-500kHz, electric current 20A-300A.
Metal sheet slitting is adjusted by the power or frequency that control high-frequency current in the present embodiment and tear zone critical point occurs
Temperature can also can make what depression depths reached to tear by the way that the current distribution of external magnetic fields share zone is added
When the critical point in area, shear zone temperature is more than Tc, guarantees that shear band is constantly lasting.
Embodiment two
Referring to shown in Fig. 4, the first metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2 do not generate separating end at this time, that is, still remain shearing
Area, the energization point 3 are respectively arranged at 2 lateral surface of first metal portion 1 and the second metal portion, and diagram left side is powered for anode
Point 3a, right side are cathode energization point 3b.It is identical as the principle of embodiment one, it is only necessary to by the frequency or power of adjusting electric current, or
Person is magnetic field to be added shearing to metal still may be implemented.
The present embodiment is to consume energy compared to the shortcomings that embodiment one wants high, but is still able to achieve to metal without tear zone
Shearing.
In above-mentioned two embodiment, shearing equipment is also related to, the shearing equipment includes shear and heat riser,
The metal is sheared by the shearing equipment, and the heat riser is for heating up shear zone, and the heat riser is also
Including the register for adjusting shear zone temperature.
By taking the cut mode of circle shear as an example, on the basis of the above embodiments, shear includes for acting on up and down
The upper knife edge 4 and lower blade 5 for squeeze metal, are formed with the channel that metal passes through between upper knife edge 4 and lower blade 5.
Heat riser is by taking electric current heats up as an example, i.e., heat riser is that high frequency alternating current frees device, when one end of metal
Behind channel, under the action of upper knife edge 4 and lower blade 5, it may appear that the different shear zone of area.Metal is divided into the first gold medal
Category portion 1 and the second metal portion 2 access high frequency by the one end in channel at first in the first metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2 at this time and hand over
Time-dependent current carries out heating softening to shear zone.
What the register of shear zone temperature can be power frequency or power directly controls device, is also possible to magnetic field hair
Generating apparatus, two ways can achieve the effect of shear zone temperature adjusting.
Above-mentioned is the mistake for being illustrated for the cooperation principle of circle shear and metal, but shearing in actual circle shear
Cheng Zhong, upper knife edge 4 is multiple with lower blade 5, and metal is divided into multiple described the by multiple upper knife edges 4 and lower blade 5
One metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2.Referring to Fig. 5, upper knife edge 4 is interspersed with lower blade 5, so that the first metal portion 1 and second
Metal portion 2 is also interspersed.
In this case, the above embodiments one and embodiment two can be used in the set-up mode of energization point 3, with reality
For applying example one, the set-up mode position referring to Figure 5 for the point 3 that is powered is removed other than the metal sheared by outermost blade,
Two non-interfering energization points 3 are each provided in other first metal portions 1 and the second metal portion 2, i.e. current loop is only deposited
It is between the first metal portion 1, shear zone and the second metal portion 2, in the present embodiment, the energization point 3 in the first metal portion 1
It is anode energization point 3a, the energization point 3 in the second metal portion is cathode energization point 3b.
For the brief introduction for guaranteeing Fig. 5, only represented in diagram part anode be powered point 3a, cathode energization point 3b, upper knife edge 4,
Lower blade 5 and the first metal portion 1 and the second metal portion 2.
Above-described embodiment is illustrated in a manner of circle shear, but in fact, it is contemplated that the present invention may be use with other
Cold cutting mode, such as plug-in strip cuts.As long as the cold cutting mode of any one that will appear shear zone during shearing,
Suitable for the present invention.
The operation principle of the present invention is that: according to kelvin effect and neighborhood effect, when being powered to metal, current energy collection
In in shear zone so that shear zone temperature increases, so that the shear band b of metal is always existed, tear zone c can not occur, and
With the progress of shearing, the area of shear zone is smaller and smaller, and the density of electric current is increasing, so that the temperature of shear zone is increasingly
Height, when shear zone section it is small to a certain extent when, current density increases so that temperature reaches steel fusing point, then the regional metal is molten
Melt and realize fusing, separate up and down, completes shearing.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: by the obtained shearing area of this method, without tear zone, angular region of only collapsing,
Shear band and fuse area, also therefore avoid tearing with 2 existing class disadvantages: i.e. tearing with it is defective, sideshake need to be adjusted.
In addition, the fuse area, compared to the methods of laser cutting, wire cutting, the thickness x cross sectional product very little of required fusing is consumed
Can be smaller, so applicable sheet metal thickness ranges are wider；And cutting speed is similar to cold shearing speed, is significantly higher than laser and cuts
It cuts, wire cutting.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of metal sheet slitting method of section without tear zone, in shearing, metal is divided into the along shearing seam using blade
One metal portion (1) and the second metal portion (2), are sheared between first metal portion (1) and the second metal portion (2) by the blade
Part be shear zone；It is characterized in that, in shear history, to the shear zone persistently overheating, to keep the shear zone soft
Change, until first metal portion (1) separates with the second metal portion (2) along shearing seam；
In the shear zone temperature-rise period, when the metal is trimmed to the critical point for tear zone occur or there is tear zone
Before critical point, the temperature of the shear zone makes breaking strength of the shear zone internal stress less than the metal.
2. metal sheet slitting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that with the section face of the shear zone when shearing
Product constantly reduces, and the metal temperature of the shear zone constantly increases, when the metal temperature of the shear zone reaches melting point metal,
First metal portion (1) separates with the second metal portion (2) along shearing seam fusing；When the maximum temperature of the shear zone is small
When the fusing point of the metal, first metal portion (1) is separated with the second metal portion (2) along shearing seam shearing.
3. metal sheet slitting method of the section according to claim 1 or 2 without tear zone, which is characterized in that the shear zone
The method of heating is to be passed through electric current to the shear zone.
4. metal sheet slitting method of the section according to claim 3 without tear zone, which is characterized in that the method for being passed through electric current
To be respectively provided with energization point (3) on first metal portion (1) and the second metal portion (2), so that by described in the shear zone
Current loop is formed between first metal portion (1) and the second metal portion (2).
5. metal sheet slitting method of the section according to claim 4 without tear zone, which is characterized in that the energization point (3)
It is respectively arranged at the upper surface of first metal portion (1) and the lower surface of second metal portion (2).
6. metal sheet slitting method of the section according to claim 4 without tear zone, which is characterized in that the energization point (3)
It is respectively arranged at the outside of first metal portion (1) and the second metal portion (2).
7. metal sheet slitting method of the section according to claim 3 without tear zone, which is characterized in that the shear zone is passed through
Electric current be high frequency alternating current, the method for adjusting the temperature of the shear zone be control electric current power or frequency, or addition
External magnetic field controls the current distribution of the shear zone.
8. metal sheet slitting method of the section according to claim 1 or 2 without tear zone, which is characterized in that the metal is
Steel, when steel is trimmed to the critical point for tear zone occur or before there is the critical point of tear zone, the temperature of the shear zone
More than or equal to ferrite recrystallization temperature.
9. a kind of metal sheet slitting equipment, which is characterized in that the shearing equipment includes shear and heat riser, the shearing
Device includes the blade for metal to be divided into the first metal portion (1) Yu the second metal portion (2) along shearing seam, first gold medal
The part sheared between category portion (1) and the second metal portion (2) by the blade is shear zone；The heat riser is to cut to described
Cut the power supply unit that area is passed through electric current.
10. metal sheet slitting equipment according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the metal is steel, and the shear is
Circle shear, the electric current that the power supply unit is passed through to the shear zone is high frequency alternating current, between the cutting edge side of the circle shear
Gap is 0.2-1.5mm, and the higher frequency of the high frequency alternating current is 10kHz-500kHz, electric current 20A-300A.
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| CN201910162158.1A CN109773489A (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | A kind of metal sheet slitting method and metal sheet slitting equipment of the section without tear zone |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910162158.1A CN109773489A (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | A kind of metal sheet slitting method and metal sheet slitting equipment of the section without tear zone |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115519259A (en) * | 2022-10-22 | 2022-12-27 | 长沙大科激光科技有限公司 | High-frequency current assisted double-beam laser cutting method |
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