CN109772879A - Application of the S. spontaneum in remediating heavy metal cadmium zinc-copper lead-contaminated soil - Google Patents
Application of the S. spontaneum in remediating heavy metal cadmium zinc-copper lead-contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109772879A CN109772879A CN201910144254.3A CN201910144254A CN109772879A CN 109772879 A CN109772879 A CN 109772879A CN 201910144254 A CN201910144254 A CN 201910144254A CN 109772879 A CN109772879 A CN 109772879A
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of the S. spontaneum in remediating heavy metal cadmium zinc-copper lead-contaminated soil, and S. spontaneum is planted in the soil of heavy metal pollution.S. spontaneum is that the speed of growth is fast, biomass is big, resistance is strong, is easy to survive, and can directly be transplanted or seedling stem plants or grows seed sowing, not need to carry out special management.Heavy metal in S. spontaneum absorption and accumulation soil, and be transported to aerial part reduces heavy metal in soil content, when overground part forms certain biomass, can toothing harvesting continuously extracted, to achieve the purpose that reduction Heavy Metals in Soil Contaminated content.Grass family sugarcane platymiscium S. spontaneum utilizes its extremely flourishing root system, various heavy can not only be adsorbed to its root, then pass through growth, the heavy metal of root is transferred into aboveground vegetation part, keep certain vegetative coverage area, the diffusion of dust in an atmosphere and the erosion to soil can not only be mitigated, heavy metal can also be reduced and leaked to underground water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to remediating heavy metal cadmium zinc-copper lead-contaminated soil technical field, in particular to a kind of S. spontaneum is being repaired
Application in heavy metal cadmium zinc-copper lead-contaminated soil.
Background technique
Heavy metal pollution is mostly derived from the activity of the mankind, the row including Industrial " three Waste "s such as mining, metallurgy, plating, printing and dyeing
It puts and vehicle exhaust, the use of fertilizer and insecticide and the discharge of municipal sewage, airborne particulate sedimentation etc..It is heavy metal-polluted
The conventional method that dye is repaired has peripheral doses and chemical remediation, needs special technology and equipment, costly, there are secondary dirts
Contaminate risk, it is difficult to be used on a large scale, and unfavorable shadow will cause to soil fertility, soil texture and edaphon
It rings.In recent years, few to environmental perturbation, rehabilitation cost is low and the phytoremediation technology that can be widely applied is repairing heavy metal pollution
Soil provides new approach, and the application for being found to be the technology of heavy metal hyperaccumulative and enriching plant provides guarantee.
At present in the world it has been found that 400 various heavy hyperaccumulative plants, vast territory and abundant resources in China, plant resources are abundant, are
Carry out correlative study and provides good basis.However so far, to various heavy all have enriched character floristics compared with
It is few.Therefore, the focus in the field is to filter out the plant that can accumulate various heavy pollutant.The enrichment found at present
Often plant is short and small, biomass is small for plant, limits the promotion and application of phytoremediation technology.And enriching heavy metal plant pair
Heavy metal often has certain selectivity, and heavy metal pollution of soil is mostly several heavy-metal composite pollutions, with single selection
Property heavy metal accumulation plant be difficult to comprehensively remove soil in multiple pollutant.
Therefore, it by analysis soil and plant in-vivo heavy metal content, specifies enriching plant and the absorption of heavy metal is enriched with
Feature, inquires into their application potentials in the depollution of environment, and sieve is looked for soil heavy metal cadmium, zinc, lead and cuprum compound polluted had
Patience, characteristic of accumulation and the big plant of biomass, are the key that heavy-metal composite pollution phytoremediation for soil technology is urgently to be resolved.
S. spontaneum (Saccharum spontaneum Linn) is grass family saccharum herbaceos perennial, perennial,
Tool it is flourishing it is horizontal walk long rhizomes, Annual growth cycle is long.Stalk is 1-2 meters high, and 4-8 millimeters of diameter；It is hollow, have most sections, section tool is short
Hair saves lower often deposited white wax powder, and immediately part below inflorescence is by white pubescence.Leaf sheath is longer or is slightly shorter than its internode, sheath mouth tool
Pubescence, sheath section or top edge have pubescence sometimes；Tip of a leaf film quality is about 2 millimeters, and brown, top has cilium；Blade is linear,
30-70 centimetres long, 4-8 millimeters wide, how much narrow base portion is, and hairless, canescence, edge is serrated coarse.There are handle small ear and nothing
Handle person is similar, and sometimes shorter or top is tapering, the flowering fruit bearing stage 7-8 month.For stalk for papermaking, browse is the feed of livestock.It is cultivation
Sugarcane carries out the main wild material of sexual hybridization breeding, and the value in breeding is: plant have it is horizontal walk long rhizomes, can be early
Germinating, fast germination, tiller is more, growth is fast, resistance, drought-enduring, the resistance to lean, characteristics such as perennial root is good.Rhizomes is flourishing, Gu Tuli
By force, arid sand growth is adapted to, is the soil-keeping plants for consolidating river levee.It is born in 2000 meters of height above sea level Plains and hillside below, river
On other streams bank, gravel sandy beach famine continent, often form single advantage group in flakes, be distributed widely in Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang,
The tropical and subtropical zones such as Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan are to warm temperate zone
Broad area.
The information disclosed in the background technology section is intended only to increase the understanding to general background of the invention, without answering
When being considered as recognizing or imply that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art in any form.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in R&D process, has found grass family sugarcane platymiscium S. spontaneum in view of the above technical problems
(Saccharum spontaneum Linn) has certain enriched character to the heavy metal in the environment such as soil and sludge.Cause
This, the purpose of the present invention is to asking for the above-mentioned plant variety scarcity of resources that can be used for soil Compound Heavy Metals reparation
Topic provides the new plant variety S. spontaneum of one kind for remediating heavy metal combined contamination soil.
To achieve the above object, technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
S. spontaneum is planted in the soil of heavy metal pollution.
S. spontaneum is that the speed of growth is fast, biomass is big, resistance is strong, is easy to survive, and S. spontaneum directly transplanted, seedling stem
Plantation plants one of seed sowing mode in the soil of heavy metal pollution；It can survive under field conditions (factors),
It does not need to carry out special management in its entire growth course.
It is periodically gathered in when aerial part forms certain biomass (long to 100~150cm height), natural propagation
Fast growing, Yi Kuofan, Annual growth cycle is long, is not required to plant every year, the content of the heavy metal in contaminated soil can be effectively reduced,
To repairing polluted soil.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
S. spontaneum in the present invention is through field investigation and experimental study, it was demonstrated that and it has enriched character to various heavy,
The present invention takes full advantage of S. spontaneum to the enriched character of heavy metal, by its seedling replanting or seedling stem plantation or by its seed sowing
Extremely in contaminated by heavy metals soil, the heavy metal in absorption and accumulation soil, and it is transported to aerial part, it reduces in soil
Content of beary metal, when overground part formed certain biomass when, can toothing harvesting continuously extracted, to reach reduction Polluted Soil
The purpose of earth content of beary metal.Grass family sugarcane platymiscium S. spontaneum, can not only will be a variety of using its extremely flourishing root system
The heavy metal of root is transferred to aboveground vegetation part, keeps one by heavy metal adsorption to its root then by growth
Fixed vegetative coverage area can not only mitigate the diffusion of dust in an atmosphere and the erosion to soil, can also reduce a huge sum of money
Belong to and being leaked to underground water.
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail With reference to embodiment, it is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not by specific
The limitation of embodiment.
Embodiment 1
It is in mid-April, 2018, heavy metal-polluted on Guangxi Yulin mining area periphery under natural conditions using direct transplanting method
It contaminates in soil and plants grass family sugarcane platymiscium S. spontaneum (S. spontaneum seedling is derived from Guangxi sugarcane germplasm garden), transplanting is cut
The close seedling height of seedling of hand is 15-20cm, and seeding row spacing is 80 centimetres of 70 cm x.It is gathered in when length to 100~150cm height after 150 days
The aerial part of plant, measure its S. spontaneum root cadmium, zinc, lead and copper content respectively reach 59.4mg/kg, 542.4mg/kg,
185.8mg/kg, 417.4mg/kg, S. spontaneum stem cadmium, zinc, lead and copper content respectively reach 20.0mg/kg, 395.6mg/kg,
86.6mg/kg, 25.8mg/kg, S. spontaneum leaf portion cadmium, zinc, lead and copper content respectively reach 6.8mg/kg, 115.2mg/kg,
45.4mg/kg,20.4mg/kg.The S. spontaneum gathered in from contaminated soil is carried out to concentrate ashing processing, then by ashes safety
Landfill or the extraction that cadmium, zinc, lead and copper are carried out as raw material.
Cadmium, zinc, lead and copper content after gathering in twice in soil respectively by original 18.51mg/kg, 654.8mg/kg,
939.8mg/kg, 323.6mg/kg are reduced to 18.42mg/kg, 638.9mg/kg, 909.2mg/kg, 320.5mg/kg, are equivalent to
Cadmium, zinc, lead and copper in soil reduce 0.49%, 2.43%, 3.25%, 0.96% respectively, later every growth 4~5 months
Or S. spontaneum growth 100~160cm height harvesting is primary, cadmium, zinc, lead and copper content in soil are constantly reduced, to realize
The reparation of cadmium, zinc, lead and cuprum compound polluted soil.
Embodiment 2
At the beginning of 5 months 2018, using propagation of seed stock mode, under natural conditions, in the periphery heavy metal pollution of Guangxi Hechi mining area
Grass family sugarcane platymiscium S. spontaneum (S. spontaneum seedling stem is derived from Guangxi sugarcane germplasm garden) seedling stem, seeding row spacing are planted in soil
It is 80 centimetres of 70 cm x.The aerial part for gathering in plant after 120 days when length to 100~150cm height, measures its S. spontaneum root
Portion's cadmium, zinc, lead and copper content respectively reach 49.2mg/kg, 609.6mg/kg, 197.8mg/kg, 353.6mg/kg, S. spontaneum stem
Portion's cadmium, zinc, lead and copper content respectively reach 19.2mg/kg, 433.0mg/kg, 95.4mg/kg, 24.6mg/kg, S. spontaneum leaf portion
Cadmium, zinc, lead and copper content respectively reach 6.6mg/kg, 316.8mg/kg, 57.6mg/kg, 19.8mg/kg.To from contaminated soil
The S. spontaneum of middle harvesting carries out concentrating ashing processing, then carries out cadmium, zinc, lead and copper by ashes security landfill or as raw material
Extraction.
Cadmium, zinc, lead and copper content after gathering in twice in soil respectively by original 13.50mg/kg, 439.7mg/kg,
828.8mg/kg, 354.8mg/kg are reduced to 13.42mg/kg, 427.3mg/kg, 802.4mg/kg, 351.6mg/kg, are equivalent to
Cadmium, zinc, lead and copper in soil reduce 0.59%, 2.82%, 3.19%, 0.90% respectively, later every growth 4~5 months
Or S. spontaneum growth 100~150cm height harvesting is primary, cadmium, zinc, lead and copper content in soil are constantly reduced, to realize
The reparation of cadmium, zinc, lead and cuprum compound polluted soil.
Embodiment 3
In early April, 2018, using direct-seeding, under natural conditions, in Guangxi Hechi mining area periphery heavy metal polluted soil
Grass family sugarcane platymiscium S. spontaneum seed (S. spontaneum seed is derived from Guangxi sugarcane germplasm garden) is broadcasted sowing in earth, seeding row spacing is
70 80 centimetres of cm x；S. spontaneum grows the aerial part of 100~150cm height harvesting plant, and toothing 3-5cm is measured and cut hand
Thickly top cadmium, zinc, lead and copper content respectively reach 13.2mg/kg, 465.2mg/kg, 56.2mg/kg, 28.7mg/kg.To receipts
The S. spontaneum cut carries out concentrating ashing processing, then carries out mentioning for cadmium, zinc, lead and copper by ashes security landfill or as raw material
It takes.
From the point of view of comprehensive S. spontaneum is to the patience and enrichment characteristics of cadmium, zinc, lead and copper, S. spontaneum is the strong of cadmium, zinc, lead and copper
The plant of patience and stronger enrichment characteristics has stronger repair ability to cadmium, zinc, lead and cuprum compound polluted soil.
The aforementioned description to specific exemplary embodiment of the invention is in order to illustrate and illustration purpose.These descriptions
It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to the above instruction, can much be changed
And variation.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explaining specific principle of the invention and its actually answering
With so that those skilled in the art can be realized and utilize a variety of different exemplary implementation schemes of the invention and
Various chooses and changes.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. application of the S. spontaneum in remediating heavy metal cadmium zinc-copper lead-contaminated soil, it is characterised in that: by S. spontaneum plantation in weight
The soil of metallic pollution.
2. application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: S. spontaneum directly transplanted, seedling stem plantation or by seed
One of live streaming mode is planted in the soil of heavy metal pollution.
3. application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: S. spontaneum wait plant it is long to 100~150cm height when into
Row periodically harvesting, grows its natural propagation, continues to absorb the heavy metal in soil, reciprocal with this.
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Citations (3)
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| CN101642770A (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2010-02-10 | 四川农业大学 | Application of houttuynia cordata in restoring lead-polluted soil |
| CN102712513A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-10-03 | 法国滤园有限公司 | Organic filter planted with european and/or tropical desertic canes for the treatment of polluted water, soil or air |
| CN107409720A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-01 | 重庆市风景园林科学研究院 | A kind of falling zone ecological restoring method |
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2019
- 2019-02-27 CN CN201910144254.3A patent/CN109772879A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101642770A (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2010-02-10 | 四川农业大学 | Application of houttuynia cordata in restoring lead-polluted soil |
| CN102712513A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-10-03 | 法国滤园有限公司 | Organic filter planted with european and/or tropical desertic canes for the treatment of polluted water, soil or air |
| CN107409720A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-01 | 重庆市风景园林科学研究院 | A kind of falling zone ecological restoring method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 孙健等: "铅锌矿区土壤和植物重金属污染调查分析", 《植物资源与环境学报》 * |
| 陶星星: "两个典型矿区植物积累重金属调查与研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
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Application publication date: 20190521 |