CN109769596A - A kind of geavy salt alkali open ground ecology covering improvement salt dust collecting method - Google Patents
A kind of geavy salt alkali open ground ecology covering improvement salt dust collecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109769596A CN109769596A CN201910141385.6A CN201910141385A CN109769596A CN 109769596 A CN109769596 A CN 109769596A CN 201910141385 A CN201910141385 A CN 201910141385A CN 109769596 A CN109769596 A CN 109769596A
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Abstract
It is covered the present invention relates to a kind of geavy salt alkali open ground ecology and administers salt dust collecting method, this method comprises: construction protection blanket-herbosa collaboration complex ecological covers system on geavy salt alkali open ground.The present invention guarantees effective improvement of the effective covering and salt dirt of (in 1-2) geavy salt alkali open ground in the recent period by being laid with protection blanket；Meanwhile the heat preservation of blanket water-retaining effect, regulation soil salt, corruption decomposition being protected to improve soil fertility, suitable soil environment is created for plant growth and is grown, and is promoted geavy salt alkali open ground vegetation to restore in 2-3, is administered salt dirt once and for all.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental ecology fields, are related to a kind of geavy salt alkali open ground administering method, more particularly, to a kind of heavy
Salt dust collecting method is administered in saline and alkaline open ground ecology covering.
Background technique
In recent years, influenced by factors such as socio-economic development, mankind's activity interference and Global climate changes, I
State's problem of environmental pollution becomes increasingly conspicuous, and air quality integrally accelerates degradating trend obvious, and extreme air pollution episode frequently occurs,
The urban economic zones such as Jing-jin-ji region, Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta are especially pronounced, most typically and influence it is maximum area be Beijing Tianjin and Hebei Region.
Atmosphere pollution aggravation seriously threatens human physical and mental health, ecosystem balance and social sustainable development, it is necessary to take effectively
Countermeasure and control measures are improved.Atmospheric particulates are the primary pollutants for influencing ambient air quality.Atmospheric particulates come
Mainly there are fugitive dust, fire coal, industrial discharge, vehicular emission, biomass combustion, secondary aerosol species etc. in source.
Soil fugitive dust occurs mainly with degeneration, exposed soil, such as sandyization soil, the soil Shi Zhihua, wetland with saline-alkaline
Deng.Salt-soda soil is important land resource, according to statistics about 9.54 hundred million hm of whole world saline alkali land area2, China's saline alkali land area is about
9913.3 ten thousand hm2.These soil soil salt contents are high, and vegetation coverage is extremely low, easily form fugitive dust under the action of the wind, are big
The important sources of aerated particle object.Sand and dust (salt dirt) physicochemical characteristic of geavy salt alkali open ground release is different from other soil fugitive dusts,
Particle is tiny, soluble-salt or alkaline matter content are high, environmental pollution and endangers bigger.Therefore, saline and alkaline open ground is carried out
It administers to salt dirt source is reduced, reduces salt dirt burst size, prevention salt dirt pollution, improving air quality and ecological environment has important meaning
Justice.
Currently, open ground Dust Improvement method mainly cover, sprinkle water, vegetative coverage etc..Method is covered mainly naked
Open country table is laid with Dustproof plastic net (shading net).Plastic wire cover it is palliative, without thoroughly solving the problems, such as that salt-soda soil is exposed.
Plastic wire also easily aging, breakage, service life is shorter (less than 1 year or so), aging release chemical substance enter soil and
Atmosphere pollutes environment.Watering is the main method temporarily administered compared with small area open ground fugitive dust, is used for large area open ground
The Dust Improvement in face is relatively difficult.Vegetative coverage is the best approach of generally acknowledged open ground Dust Improvement, and this method can a Lao Yong
The improvement fugitive dust of ease, benefit is evident for Social Ecology.Geavy salt alkali open ground soil salt content is high, builds vegetation on it and wants to technology
Ask higher.Current saline-alkali land vegetation afforestation technique mainly has engineering modification method, soil moved in improve the original modification method.These technologies implement engineering
Measure it is big, at high cost, long in time limit, be not suitable for large area geavy salt alkali open ground improvement.
To sum up, currently it is badly in need of a kind of suitable scale, intensive, ecology treatment geavy salt alkali open ground, effectively prevents salt
The technology of dustiness dye.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to propose a kind of geavy salt alkali exposed ecology covering improvement salt dust collecting method, especially large area geavy salt alkali are naked
Salt dust collecting method is administered in the quick of open country, economy, efficient ecological covering.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
It is covered the present invention provides a kind of geavy salt alkali open ground ecology and administers salt dust collecting method, this method comprises: in geavy salt alkali
Construction protection blanket-herbosa collaboration complex ecological covers system on open ground.
Specific address, geavy salt alkali open ground ecology covering of the present invention are administered salt dust collecting method, are included the following steps:
1) loose surface layer soil；
Place topsoil is administered to planning and carries out loose, 5~30cm of pine soil depth；
2) adaptability herbaceous plant planting；
It is administered on place in planning and sows herbaceous plant seeds；
3) it is laid with protection blanket；
After having sowed, blanket, and fixed protection blanket are protected in ground mulching；
4) it conserves
Maintenance is until herbaceous plant covers geavy salt alkali open ground.
Preferably, the step 2) herbaceous plant is salt tolerant, the raw herbaceous plant of salt；Specifically, the herbaceous plant is
Alkali is fluffy, alkali thatch, sesbania, roe hair, dandelion, herba limonii gmelinii, Chinese small iris, summer cypress, shore japanese bearbind or clover；
It is furthermore preferred that place soil salt average content >=20.0g/Kg open ground is administered in planning sows herbaceous plant alkali
It is fluffy, 3~10g/m of application rate2；Open ground sowing draft of the soil salt average content in 10.0≤salt content < 20.0g/Kg is planted
Alkaloids thatch, 10~20g/m of application rate2；The open ground sowing sesbania of soil salt average content < 10.0g/Kg, application rate 6~
15g/m2；(5~30cm of depth selection of soil salt detection)
Preferably, the sowing time is before Concentrating period of precipitation arrives.
Preferably, step 3) the protection blanket is process using agricultural crop straw, plant fiber as material through machinery braiding
Tilting blanket；
Preferably, 100~300cm of blanket width, 2~10mm of thickness, 150~1200g/m of unit area dry weight are protected2；
It is furthermore preferred that planning administer place soil salt average content >=20.0g/Kg open ground be laid with shredded coconut meat and/
Or monofilament fiber protects blanket；Soil salt average content 10.0≤salt content < 20.0g/Kg open ground be laid with shredded coconut meat and/
Or monofilament fiber protects blanket or rice and/or Wheat Straw to protect blanket；The exposed shakedown of soil salt average content < 10.0g/Kg
If rice and/or Wheat Straw protect blanket；
Preferably, protection blanket is laid with along with place prevailing wind direction in 45 °~90 ° angle direction close proximity to ground；Adjacent protection
It is mutually overlapped between blanket, 5~20cm of lap width；Protection blanket is fixed in time after completing.
Preferably, the step 4) curing requirements reinforce loosening protection blanket in time；Tire out within continuous 10~15 days during June to September
When counting rainfall lower than 20~30mm, supplement irrigation 1-2 times, each 10~20mm of irrigation volume.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has a characteristic that
(1) regulation effect is obvious.The present invention guarantees recent (in 1-2) geavy salt alkali open ground by being laid with protection blanket
Effectively effective improvement of covering and salt dirt；Meanwhile the heat preservation of blanket water-retaining effect, regulation soil salt, corruption decomposition being protected to improve soil
Earth fertility creates suitable soil environment growth for plant growth, geavy salt alkali open ground vegetation is promoted to restore in 2-3, and one
Lao Yongyi administers salt dirt.
(2) ecological, environmental protective.The protection blanket material that the present invention applies is agriculture and forestry organic waste material, has both realized the circulation benefit of waste
With, and improvement improves ecological environment；The present invention makes full use of the salt tolerance and suspend mode self-protective mechanism of plant, sows adaptability
Plant, and using natural force (rainfall, sunlight etc.) and it is laid with protection blanket regulation soil hypersaline environment, promote adaptive plant releasing to stop
It sleeps, realizes the vegetation ecological covering of geavy salt alkali open ground.
(3) economical and practical.The technology of the present invention is not required to earth excavation, is laid with the engineerings ameliorative measures such as hidden pipe, displacement soil moved in improve the original, work
Skill is simple；Protection blanket material, the vegetable material of selection are cheap and easy to get；Substantially it is not required to later maintenance；The implementation cost is low, and only one
As afforest cost 10~20%, saline land greening cost 5~10%；It is suitble to large-area applications.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1, comparative example 1,2 be located in Binhai New Area in Tianjin nascent state city coloured silk praise Lu Yuyu sand road with one voice near.It is real
Apply 1 area 1000m of example2, comparative example 1, each 1000m of 2 areas2.Embodiment 1, comparative example 1,2 places are attached most importance to saline and alkaline open ground, soil
Salt amount average content is 23.7g/Kg, pH8.03, water content 9.62%.
Embodiment 1
In late March, 2018 is marched into the arena construction, and Specific construction process is as follows: selecting mini-excavator loose according to site condition
Topsoil, pine soil depth 30cm；The fluffy halophytes of alkali is selected according to the soil salt content of field sampling detection, it is fluffy to broadcast sowing alkali
Seed, application rate 5g/m2, raked earth's surface after broadcasting with rake；It is laid with protection blanket, protection blanket is that shredded coconut meat fiber protects blanket, protects blanket
Wide 250cm, thickness about 3mm, unit area dry weight 260g/m2；Protect blanket along with place prevailing wind direction in 75 ° of angle directions closely
Face is laid with；Adjacent protection blanket lap width 10cm, protection blanket are compacted fix, not irrigate with fired brick.
After the completion of construction, improvement is completely covered by shredded coconut meat tapetum fibrosum in geavy salt alkali open ground, is drenched by rainy season (the 6-9 month) rainfall
It washes, the fluffy germination of the alkali sowed after half a year is good, and for vegetation cover degree 70% or more, 0~20cm depth soil layer soil salt is flat
Content drops to 20.3g/Kg, water content increases to 20.7%.
Comparative example 1
Difference from Example 1 is that comparative example 1 is not laid with protection blanket, and other process and embodiment 1 are consistent.
After the completion of construction, geavy salt alkali open ground is absolutely not capped to be administered, and is eluted by rainy season (the 6-9 month) rainfall, half
The fluffy germination of the alkali sowed after year is poor, and 30% or so, 0~20cm depth soil layer soil salt average content declines vegetation coverage
Increase to 17.2% to 21.4g/Kg, water content.
Comparative example 2
Difference from Example 1 is, comparative example 2 transplanted on geavy salt alkali open ground Chinese tamarisk seedling (ground diameter 1cm or so,
High 50cm or so), Chinese tamarisk line-spacing 1m, spacing in the rows 30cm are irrigated 3 times in time after cultivation, are not laid with protection blanket, other process is the same as implementation
Example 1.
After the completion of construction, geavy salt alkali open ground is administered almost without covering, elutes by rainy season (the 6-9 month) rainfall, half a year
Plant Chinese tamarisk survival rate is lower than 40% afterwards, and 0~20cm depth soil layer soil salt average content drops to 20.6g/Kg, aqueous between strain
Amount increases to 18.9%, and in the ranks 0~20cm depth soil layer soil salt average content drops to 22.1g/Kg, water content increases to
17.6%.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2 is located in the original soil improved test ground of the industrial area Nan Gang, area 200m2.April 12 in 2017 marches into the arena before construction
Edaphic condition is investigated, 0~20cm depth soil layer soil salt average content is 18.4g/Kg, pH8.26, water content 10.6.
2 Specific construction process of embodiment is as follows: artificial loose surface layer soil, pine soil depth 10cm；It is examined according to field sampling
The soil salt content of survey selects alkali thatch halophytes, broadcasts sowing alkali thatch seed, application rate 15g/m2, rake ground with rake after broadcasting
Table；It is laid with protection blanket, protection blanket is that Wheat Straw protects blanket, protects the wide 120cm of blanket, thickness about 5mm, unit area dry weight 600g/m2；
Blanket is protected to be laid with along with place prevailing wind direction in 90 ° of angle direction close proximity to ground；Adjacent protection blanket lap width 10cm protects blanket
It is compacted fix with fired brick, not irrigate.
After the completion of construction, improvement is completely covered by wheat straw fibre blanket in geavy salt alkali open ground, by rainy season (the 6-9 month) rainfall
Elution, the alkali thatch germination sowed after half a year is good, and for vegetation cover degree close to 90%, 0~20cm depth soil layer soil salt is flat
Content drops to 16.3g/Kg, water content increases to 21.6%.Former open ground is planted by alkali thatch (after 1 year) during spring in 2018
Quilt-wheat straw fibre blanket is completely covered, and fugitive dust does not occur.6-9 month rainfall in 2018 is abundant, and alkali thatch grows vigorous, part wheat straw
Stalk corruption is decomposed.Soil salt decline is obvious after rainy season, and 0~20cm depth soil layer soil salt average content is 13.7g/Kg.
Claims (9)
1. salt dust collecting method is administered in a kind of geavy salt alkali open ground ecology covering, it is characterised in that: this method comprises: exposed in geavy salt alkali
The blanket of construction protection on the ground-herbosa collaboration complex ecological covers system.
2. salt dust collecting method is administered in a kind of geavy salt alkali open ground ecology covering according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the party
Method includes the following steps:
1) loose surface layer soil；
Place topsoil is administered to planning and carries out loose, 5~30cm of pine soil depth；
2) adaptability herbaceous plant planting；
It is administered on place in planning and sows herbaceous plant seeds；
3) it is laid with protection blanket；
After having sowed, blanket, and fixed protection blanket are protected in ground mulching；
4) it conserves
Maintenance is until herbaceous plant covers geavy salt alkali open ground.
3. salt dust collecting method is administered in a kind of geavy salt alkali open ground ecology covering according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step
2) herbaceous plant described in is fluffy alkali, alkali thatch, sesbania, roe hair, dandelion, herba limonii gmelinii, Chinese small iris, summer cypress, shore japanese bearbind or clover.
4. salt dust collecting method is administered in a kind of geavy salt alkali open ground ecology covering according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: planning
It is fluffy to administer place soil salt average content >=20.0g/Kg open ground sowing herbaceous plant alkali, 3~10g/m of application rate2；Soil
Open ground of the earth salinity average content in 10.0≤salt content < 20.0g/Kg sows herbaceous plant alkali thatch, 10~20g/ of application rate
m2；The open ground of soil salt average content < 10.0g/Kg sows sesbania, 6~15g/m of application rate2。
5. salt dust collecting method is administered in a kind of geavy salt alkali open ground ecology covering according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step
3) the protection blanket weaves the tilting blanket being process through mechanical using agricultural crop straw, plant fiber as material.
6. salt dust collecting method is administered in a kind of geavy salt alkali open ground ecology covering according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: protection
Blanket 100~300cm of width, 2~10mm of thickness, 150~1200g/m of unit area dry weight2。
7. salt dust collecting method is administered in a kind of geavy salt alkali open ground ecology covering according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: planning
Soil salt average content >=20.0g/Kg the open ground for administering place is laid with shredded coconut meat and/or monofilament fiber protects blanket；Soil
Salinity average content is laid with shredded coconut meat in the open ground of 10.0≤salt content < 20.0g/Kg and/or monofilament fiber protects blanket, or
Rice and/or Wheat Straw protect blanket；The open ground of soil salt average content < 10.0g/Kg is laid with rice and/or Wheat Straw protection
Blanket.
8. salt dust collecting method is administered in a kind of geavy salt alkali open ground ecology covering according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: protection
Blanket is laid with along with place prevailing wind direction in 45 °~90 ° angle direction close proximity to ground；It mutually overlaps, overlaps between adjacent protection blanket
5~20cm of width；Protection blanket is fixed in time after completing.
9. salt dust collecting method is administered in a kind of geavy salt alkali open ground ecology covering according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
4) curing requirements reinforce loosening protection blanket in time；Continuous 10~15 days accumulated rainfalls are lower than 20~30mm during June to September
When, supplement irrigation 1-2 times, each 10~20mm of irrigation volume.
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