CN109757264B - Lichen removing agent for fruit trees - Google Patents
Lichen removing agent for fruit trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN109757264B CN109757264B CN201910124781.8A CN201910124781A CN109757264B CN 109757264 B CN109757264 B CN 109757264B CN 201910124781 A CN201910124781 A CN 201910124781A CN 109757264 B CN109757264 B CN 109757264B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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Abstract
The invention discloses a moss removing agent for fruit trees, and belongs to the technical field of planting. According to the invention, biogas slurry is pretreated, anaerobic bacteria in the biogas slurry are further propagated and metabolized inwards to open pores, a porous structure is formed, the air permeability and the water permeability are improved, residual bacterial fibers after sterilization play a role in dredging water, and can be self-assembled to form vesicles when meeting water, so that the water permeability and the air permeability are further improved; the sodium methylsilicate in the added silicon-containing reagent has the advantages of penetrating crystallinity, improving the water repellent effect, reducing the humidity, destroying the growth environment of the moss, coordinating phenolic acid bacteriostatic substances dissolved out from wheat bran treatment, inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi, simultaneously providing certain dryness, controlling the humidity and influencing the growth of the moss. The invention solves the problems that the prior common moss removing agent used for fruit trees has poor balance of water permeability and air permeability required by the root soil of the fruit trees, so that the moss removing effect is not ideal, and the common pesticide also has great pollution to the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a moss removing agent for fruit trees.
Background
The bryophyte is a general term for two types of higher plants, namely moss and moss, and has more than 2.3 million species all over the world. The moss is a water moss plant, is emerald green, and grows in water or in a land in the shade and wet place; in particular: in farmer market markets, scenic spots, courtyards, washing rooms and the like, moss and the like easily grow in places with humid air and high humidity. The moss is an algae organism which has sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction and can be rapidly propagated, can adapt to various growth environments and water body conditions, and has strong growth capacity. In daily life, people often see the growth of moss on a wet ground, a common water pipeline and the like, the travel of the pedestrians is influenced by the moss road surface, and the moss is wet and slippery, so that the pedestrians can easily slide on the moss road surface; in life, water drinking pipelines are not cleaned for a long time, and green moss is easy to grow to influence water quality. More than 20 mosses harmful to fruit trees are green autotrophic terrestrial plants. The green plant body of the moss is a gametophyte generation of sexual reproduction, and is formed by the growth of protonema generated by spore germination. The plant is usually in a leaf shape or has stem and leaf differentiation, no real vascular bundle structure exists, the cell structure of the stem is uniform or slightly differentiated from the bark part and the central axis, the support function is taken as the main part, the leaf is usually a single cell layer, the cell is only slightly differentiated, and the water and the nutrient can be directly absorbed. The rhizoid is composed of single cells, mainly functions as fixation, and has the functions of absorbing water and nutrients. The moss is attached to the branches of fruit trees to live through the winter by nutrients, and in 5-9 months every year, the moss is fastest in spreading and most serious in harm due to the fact that the climate is warm and humid. Not only seriously affects the fruit yield and quality, but also shortens the fruit production period of the fruit trees and causes the premature decline of the fruit trees. The way of removing moss mainly depends on artificial removal, biological regulation and chemical removal. The manual removal mode adopts manual fishing, which is time-consuming and labor-consuming, filamentous algae are easy to climb on the waterweeds for growth, plant leaves are easy to damage during fishing, so that the growth condition of the plants is damaged, and moss spores and tissues which cannot be removed are manually removed, so that moss can quickly recover to grow in a short time; the biological regulation is to clear moss in the way of algae-feeding animals, however, the number of algae-feeding animals is limited, and the effect of the biological regulation is not obvious. The chemical clearing mode is to use medicines to inhibit the growth of algae, has the advantages of labor saving and obvious clearing effect, and is a common means in the clearing mode. In the prior art, although some agricultural and technical departments and tea grower tests use lime water, caustic soda water, Bordeaux mixture, ferrous sulfate, green milk copper, copper sulfate, plant ash leachate, captafol, captan and other medicaments for preventing and treating fruit tree moss, the balance of water permeability and air permeability required by the root soil of a fruit tree is not good, so that the moss removing effect is not ideal. And the medicaments and the methods are influenced by comprehensive factors such as environmental protection, food safety, prevention and treatment effects, application cost and the like, so that the medicaments and the methods are difficult to popularize and apply. With the gradual appearance of the side effects of the drugs, researchers develop the drugs towards small dosage, low cost, convenient use, safety and environmental protection in order to meet the needs of people, so that how to research and develop new excellent prevention and treatment drugs and simple and easy technical measures becomes an urgent need and is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the technical field.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems that the prior common moss removing agent used for fruit trees has poor balance of water permeability and air permeability required by the root soil of the fruit trees, so that the moss removing effect is not ideal, and the common pesticide also has great pollution to the environment, the moss removing agent for the fruit trees is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the moss removing agent for the fruit trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of zeolite, 12-20 parts of plant ash and 5-10 parts of wheat bran treatment material, and further comprises: 30-50 parts of composite moss removing base material and 12-20 parts of composite auxiliary material.
The preparation method of the composite moss removing base material comprises the following steps:
(1) taking biogas slurry at 32-45 ℃ according to a mass ratio of 8-13: 1: 0.3, adding a settling agent and fly ash, mixing and stirring, adjusting the pH, keeping the temperature and standing, filtering, collecting filtrate to obtain pretreated biogas slurry, mixing 20-40 parts by weight of natural colored sand, 40-60 parts by weight of nutrient solution, 1-3 parts by weight of pretreated biogas slurry and 1-4 parts by weight of succinic acid, oscillating a shaking table at 27-32 ℃, fermenting at constant temperature in a closed manner, blowing air, culturing at constant temperature of 28-32 ℃, discharging, filtering, collecting filter cakes, sterilizing, and biologically modifying the colored sand;
(2) according to the weight parts, 50-70 parts of (N-amidino) dodecyl acrylamide, 7-13 parts of macroinitiator and 1-4 parts of additive are sequentially mixed, and the mixture is stirred at the constant temperature of 35-45 ℃ to obtain a block copolymer, wherein the mass ratio of the block copolymer is 1: 4-8, adding the biological modified colored sand, mixing and stirring to obtain the composite moss removing base material.
The settling agent in the step (1): according to the mass ratio of 5: 1-3: 0.2: 0.01 mixing polyaluminium chloride, sodium sulfide, lignin and titanium dioxide to obtain the settling agent.
The nutrient solution in the step (1): according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 1: 2: 1: and (20) mixing casein, yeast extract, glucose, sucrose and water to obtain the nutrient solution.
The additive in the step (2): according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 1: 0.01 mixing p-dichlorobenzene, ferrocene and stannous octoate to obtain the additive.
The macroinitiator in the step (2): according to the mass ratio of 4-8: and 3, mixing the polyethylene glycol diacrylate and the polyethylene glycol dioleate to obtain the macromolecular initiator.
The preparation of the composite auxiliary material comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 3-5: 1, crushing and sieving the snail shells and the shrimp shells, and taking sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 3: 7-12: 1: 20, adding bentonite, sodium chloride and water, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, and taking the mixture according to a mass ratio of 15-25: 1: 2, adding the functional nano material and the silicon-containing reagent, mixing and stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 35-48 ℃ to obtain the composite auxiliary material.
The silicon-containing agent: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 3-7, mixing sodium methyl silicate and trimethylchlorosilane to obtain the silicon-containing reagent.
The functional nano-material comprises the following components: according to the mass ratio of 1: 2-5 taking of nano TiO2And mixing the nano Fe powder to obtain the functional nano material.
The wheat bran treatment material comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 1: 12-18, mixing wheat bran and n-hexane, performing ultrasonic treatment at 28-32 ℃, obtaining bulk materials, centrifuging the bulk materials, performing suction filtration, and collecting filter residues according to a mass ratio of 1: and 8-12, adding an ethanol solution, mixing, performing ultrasonic-assisted extraction at 28-33 ℃, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and performing vacuum concentration to obtain the wheat bran treatment material.
Compared with other methods, the method has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) the invention firstly carries out flocculation sedimentation on biogas slurry to remove macromolecular impurities and heavy metals, after a part of strains in the biogas slurry is killed by matching with metal oxide components of fly ash in the alkalization process, the pretreated biogas slurry and natural sand are mixed, sealed, fermented and aerobically cultured, gaps of the natural sand can be treated, anaerobic bacteria in the pretreated biogas slurry are propagated in a large quantity in the fermentation process, micromolecular organic matters generated by degrading macromolecular nutrients in nutrient solution can permeate into the natural colored sand along with water, and after the culture is changed into aerobic culture, the anaerobic bacteria can further propagate inwards and metabolize to open the gaps because the interior of the natural sand is in an anoxic environment and has water and micromolecular organic matters as nutrient sources, so that a porous structure can be formed, the air permeability and the water permeability are improved, and the gaps are small, the passing of impurities such as putrefying bacteria can be blocked, the internal air permeability and water permeability can be effectively adjusted, the internal humidity and gas adjustment can be realized, the residual bacterial fibers after sterilization can also play a role in dredging moisture, the prepared block copolymer has amphiphilicity, can be self-assembled to form vesicles when meeting water, can be stimulated by carbon dioxide generated by respiration of tree roots, and reacts with amidine groups in the block copolymer to carry charges, so that local like charges are increased, mutual repulsion occurs, the volume of an internal cavity of the formed vesicles is increased, the water permeability and the air permeability can be further improved, and the growth of moss is inhibited;
(2) the sodium methylsilicate in the silicon-containing reagent added in the invention has osmotic crystallinity, silanol groups in the molecular structure of the sodium methylsilicate can react with silanol groups generated by silicate components such as zeolite and the like for dehydration and crosslinking, so that an excellent hydrophobic layer is formed by an anti-capillary effect, the hydrophobic effect is improved, the humidity is reduced, the growth environment of moss is damaged, trimethylchlorosilane reacts with humid air or water, HCl can be generated to improve the acidity of soil components, the moss prefers to grow in alkaline soil and can salinize the soil, the acidity and alkalinity of the soil can be balanced, the growth of moss can be inhibited, and TiO in the functional nano material can be used for balancing the acidity and alkalinity2The component can provide photocatalysis effect, and convert organic substances contained in lichen into CO under illumination condition2And H2O, inhibiting the moss under the light which is favored by the moss, stimulating the expansion and mutual repulsion of the block copolymer components, improving the water permeability of overlarge component gaps, slowly performing self-oxidation of the nano Fe under the wrapping of other components to generate negative ions, coordinating with phenolic acid antibacterial substances dissolved out by the wheat bran treatment, inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi, providing certain dryness, controlling the humidity and influencing the growth of the moss;
(3) the invention fully utilizes the conditions of light preference, moisture preference, slightly alkaline soil and the like required by the growth condition of the moss to destroy the growth environment, and cooperates with the inhibition of bacterial fungi to achieve the effect of removing the moss efficiently.
Detailed Description
Wheat bran treatment: according to the mass ratio of 1: 12-18, mixing wheat bran and n-hexane, performing ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ and the frequency of 50-65 kHz for 40-60 min to obtain bulk materials, centrifuging the bulk materials in a centrifuge at 3000-4000 r/min for 12-20 min, performing suction filtration, and collecting filter residues according to the mass ratio of 1: adding ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 70% into the mixture 8-12, mixing, performing ultrasonic-assisted extraction at the temperature of 28-33 ℃ for 40-60 min, centrifuging at the speed of 3000-4000 r/min for 12-20 min, collecting supernatant, and performing vacuum concentration at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ to 25-45% of the original volume to obtain the wheat bran treatment material.
A settling agent: according to the mass ratio of 5: 1-3: 0.2: 0.01 mixing polyaluminium chloride, sodium sulfide, lignin and titanium dioxide to obtain the settling agent.
Nutrient solution: according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 1: 2: 1: and (20) mixing casein, yeast extract, glucose, sucrose and water to obtain the nutrient solution.
Additive: according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 1: 0.01 mixing p-dichlorobenzene, ferrocene and stannous octoate to obtain the additive.
Macroinitiator: according to the mass ratio of 4-8: and 3, mixing the polyethylene glycol diacrylate and the polyethylene glycol dioleate to obtain the macromolecular initiator.
Silicon-containing agent: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 3-7, mixing sodium methyl silicate and trimethylchlorosilane to obtain the organic silicon.
Functional nano-materials: according to the mass ratio of 1: 2-5 taking of nano TiO2And mixing the nano Fe powder to obtain the functional nano material.
The preparation method of the composite moss removing base material comprises the following steps:
(1) taking biogas slurry at 32-45 ℃ according to a mass ratio of 8-13: 1: 0.3, adding a settling agent and fly ash, mixing, stirring for 40-60 min at 500-800 r/min, adjusting the pH to 7.5-8.0 by using a NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 20%, keeping the temperature and standing for 20-45 min, filtering, collecting filtrate to obtain pretreated biogas slurry, mixing 20-40 parts by weight of spherical natural colored sand with the particle size of 1.3-3.2 cm, 40-60 parts by weight of nutrient solution, 1-3 parts by weight of pretreated biogas slurry and 1-4 parts by weight of succinic acid in a fermentation tank, oscillating a shaking table at 27-32 ℃ at 180-220 r/min, sealing and fermenting at constant temperature for 2-4 days, opening the fermentation tank, blowing air at the speed of 70-100 mL/min, culturing at the constant temperature of 28-32 ℃ for 2-4 days, discharging, filtering, collecting filter cakes, keeping the temperature and sterilizing at 110-121 ℃ for 15-25 min, and biologically modifying the colored sand;
(2) according to the weight parts, 50-70 parts of (N-amidino) dodecyl acrylamide, 7-13 parts of macroinitiator and 1-4 parts of additive are sequentially mixed in a reaction kettle, and are stirred at the constant temperature of 35-45 ℃ at 700-1000 r/min for 1-3 hours to obtain a block copolymer, wherein the mass ratio of the block copolymer is 1: 4-8, adding the biological modified colored sand, mixing, and magnetically stirring for 40-60 min at a speed of 450-800 r/min to obtain the composite moss removing base material.
Preparing a composite auxiliary material: according to the mass ratio of 3-5: 1, crushing the snail shells and the shrimp shells in a crusher, sieving the crushed snail shells and the shrimp shells with a 150-mesh sieve, and taking sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 3: 7-12: 1: 20, adding bentonite, sodium chloride and water, mixing, magnetically stirring for 40-60 min at the speed of 500-800 r/min to obtain a mixture, and taking the mixture according to the mass ratio of 15-25: 1: 2, adding the functional nano material and the silicon-containing reagent, mixing, magnetically stirring for 1-3 hours at 700-1000 r/min, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 25-40 minutes at 35-48 ℃ to obtain the composite auxiliary material.
The moss removing agent for the fruit trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of zeolite, 12-20 parts of plant ash, 5-10 parts of wheat bran treatment material, 30-50 parts of composite moss removing base material and 12-20 parts of composite auxiliary material.
A preparation method of a moss removing agent for fruit trees comprises the following steps:
(1) the adhesive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2-5 parts of zeolite, 12-20 parts of plant ash, 5-10 parts of wheat bran treatment material, 30-50 parts of composite moss removing base material and 12-20 parts of composite auxiliary material.
(2) Mixing plant ash, wheat bran treatment material and the composite moss removing base material in a reaction kettle at 27-32 ℃, magnetically stirring for 40-60 min at 500-800 r/min, heating to 45-65 ℃, adding the composite auxiliary material and zeolite, magnetically stirring for 40-60 min at 700-1000 r/min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the moss removing agent for the fruit trees.
A use method of the moss removing agent for fruit trees comprises the following steps: according to 2-4 kg/m2The moss removing agent for the fruit trees is coated around the roots of the fruit trees with moss, and the roots are used as the circle center, and the radius of the circular area is 0.08-0.15 m.
Example 1
Wheat bran treatment: according to the mass ratio of 1: 12, mixing wheat bran and n-hexane, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 28 ℃ and the frequency of 50kHz for 40min to obtain a dispersing material, putting the dispersing material into a centrifugal machine, centrifuging at 3000r/min for 12min, carrying out suction filtration, and collecting filter residues according to the mass ratio of 1: and 8, adding an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 70%, mixing, performing ultrasonic-assisted extraction at 28 ℃ for 40min, centrifuging at 3000r/min for 12min, collecting supernatant, and performing vacuum concentration at 40 ℃ to 25% of the original volume to obtain the wheat bran treatment material.
A settling agent: according to the mass ratio of 5: 1: 0.2: 0.01 mixing polyaluminium chloride, sodium sulfide, lignin and titanium dioxide to obtain the settling agent.
Nutrient solution: according to the mass ratio of 3: 1: 2: 1: 20 mixing casein, yeast extract, glucose, sucrose and water to obtain the nutritional liquid.
Additive: according to the mass ratio of 3: 1: 0.01 mixing p-dichlorobenzene, ferrocene and stannous octoate to obtain the additive.
Macroinitiator: according to the mass ratio of 4: and 3, mixing the polyethylene glycol diacrylate and the polyethylene glycol dioleate to obtain the macromolecular initiator.
Silicon-containing agent: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 3, mixing sodium methyl silicate and trimethylchlorosilane to obtain the organic silicon.
Functional nano-materials: according to the mass ratio of 1: 2 taking nano TiO2And mixing the nano Fe powder to obtain the functional nano material.
The preparation method of the composite moss removing base material comprises the following steps:
(1) taking biogas slurry at 32 ℃ according to a mass ratio of 8: 1: 0.3, adding a settling agent and fly ash, mixing, stirring for 40min at 500r/min, adjusting the pH to 7.5 by using a NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 20%, preserving heat, standing for 20min, filtering, collecting filtrate to obtain pretreated biogas slurry, mixing 20 parts by weight of spherical natural color sand with the particle size of 1.3cm, 40 parts by weight of nutrient solution, 1 part by weight of pretreated biogas slurry and 1 part by weight of succinic acid in a fermentation tank, oscillating a shaking table at 27 ℃ at 180r/min, fermenting for 2 days at a sealed constant temperature, opening the fermentation tank, blowing air at the speed of 70mL/min, culturing for 2 days at a constant temperature of 28 ℃, discharging, filtering, collecting filter cakes, preserving heat, sterilizing for 15min at 110 ℃, and biologically modifying the color sand;
(2) according to the weight portion, 50 portions of (N-amidino) dodecyl acrylamide, 7 portions of macroinitiator and 1 portion of additive are mixed in a reaction kettle in sequence, and are stirred for 1 hour at the constant temperature of 700r/min at the temperature of 35 ℃ to obtain a block copolymer, wherein the block copolymer is prepared by mixing the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 4 adding the biological modified colored sand, mixing, and magnetically stirring for 40min at the speed of 450r/min to obtain the composite moss removing base material.
Preparing a composite auxiliary material: according to the mass ratio of 3: 1, crushing the snail shells and the shrimp shells in a crusher, sieving the crushed snail shells and the shrimp shells with a 150-mesh sieve, and taking sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 3: 7: 1: 20, adding bentonite, sodium chloride and water, mixing, magnetically stirring for 40min at the speed of 500r/min to obtain a mixture, and taking the mixture according to the mass ratio of 15: 1: 2 adding the functional nano material and the silicon-containing reagent, mixing, magnetically stirring for 1h at 700r/min, and performing ultrasonic treatment at 42 ℃ for 25min to obtain the composite auxiliary material.
The moss removing agent for the fruit trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of zeolite, 12 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of wheat bran treatment material, 30 parts of composite moss removing base material and 12 parts of composite auxiliary material.
A preparation method of a moss removing agent for fruit trees comprises the following steps:
(1) the adhesive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2 parts of zeolite, 12 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of wheat bran treatment material, 30 parts of composite moss removing base material and 12 parts of composite auxiliary material.
(2) Mixing plant ash, wheat bran treatment material and the composite moss removing base material in a reaction kettle at 27 ℃, magnetically stirring for 40min at 500r/min, heating to 45 ℃, adding the composite auxiliary material and zeolite, magnetically stirring for 40min at 700r/min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the moss removing agent for the fruit trees.
A use method of the moss removing agent for fruit trees comprises the following steps: at a rate of 2kg/m2The moss removing agent for the fruit trees is coated around the roots of the fruit trees with moss, and the roots are used as the circle center, and the radius of the circular area is 0.08 m.
Example 2
Wheat bran treatment: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 18, mixing wheat bran and n-hexane, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 60min at the frequency of 65kHz at the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain a dispersing material, putting the dispersing material into a centrifugal machine, centrifuging for 20min at the speed of 4000 r/min, carrying out suction filtration, and collecting filter residues according to the mass ratio of 1: 12 adding 70% ethanol solution, mixing, ultrasonic extracting at 33 deg.C for 60min, centrifuging at 4000 r/min for 20min, collecting supernatant, and vacuum concentrating at 60 deg.C to 45% of original volume to obtain testa Tritici processing material.
A settling agent: according to the mass ratio of 5: 2: 0.2: 0.01 mixing polyaluminium chloride, sodium sulfide, lignin and titanium dioxide to obtain the settling agent.
Nutrient solution: according to the mass ratio of 7: 1: 2: 1: 30 mixing casein, yeast extract, glucose, sucrose and water to obtain the nutrient solution.
Additive: according to the mass ratio of 5: 1: 0.01 mixing p-dichlorobenzene, ferrocene and stannous octoate to obtain the additive.
Macroinitiator: according to the mass ratio of 7: and 3, mixing the polyethylene glycol diacrylate and the polyethylene glycol dioleate to obtain the macromolecular initiator.
Silicon-containing agent: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 7, mixing sodium methyl silicate and trimethylchlorosilane to obtain the organic silicon.
Functional nano-materials: according to the mass ratio of 1: 5 taking nano TiO2And mixing the nano Fe powder to obtain the functional nano material.
The preparation method of the composite moss removing base material comprises the following steps:
(1) taking biogas slurry at 45 ℃ according to a mass ratio of 13: 1: 0.3, adding a settling agent and fly ash, mixing, stirring for 60min at 800r/min, adjusting the pH to 8.0 by using a NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 20%, preserving heat, standing for 45min, filtering, collecting filtrate to obtain pretreated biogas slurry, mixing 40 parts by weight of spherical natural color sand with the particle size of 3.2cm, 60 parts by weight of nutrient solution, 3 parts by weight of pretreated biogas slurry and 4 parts by weight of succinic acid in a fermentation tank, oscillating a shaking table at 32 ℃ at 220r/min, fermenting at constant temperature for 4 days in a closed manner, opening the fermentation tank, blowing air at the speed of 100mL/min, culturing at constant temperature for 4 days at 32 ℃, discharging, filtering, collecting filter cakes, preserving heat, sterilizing for 25min at 121 ℃, and biologically modifying the color sand;
(2) according to the weight portion, 70 portions of (N-amidino) dodecyl acrylamide, 13 portions of macroinitiator and 4 portions of additive are mixed in a reaction kettle in sequence, and are stirred for 3 hours at the constant temperature of 1000r/min at the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain a block copolymer, wherein the block copolymer is prepared by mixing the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 8 adding the biological modified colored sand, mixing, and magnetically stirring for 60min at the speed of 800r/min to obtain the composite moss removing base material.
Preparing a composite auxiliary material: according to the mass ratio of 5: 1, crushing the snail shells and the shrimp shells in a crusher, sieving the crushed snail shells and the shrimp shells with a 150-mesh sieve, and taking sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 3: 12: 1: 20, adding bentonite, sodium chloride and water, mixing, magnetically stirring for 60min at the speed of 800r/min to obtain a mixture, and taking the mixture according to the mass ratio of 25: 1: 2 adding the functional nano material and the silicon-containing reagent, mixing, magnetically stirring for 3h at 1000r/min, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 40min at 38 ℃ to obtain the composite auxiliary material.
The moss removing agent for the fruit trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of zeolite, 20 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of wheat bran treatment material, 50 parts of composite moss removing base material and 20 parts of composite auxiliary material.
A preparation method of a moss removing agent for fruit trees comprises the following steps:
(1) the adhesive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5 parts of zeolite, 20 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of wheat bran treatment material, 50 parts of composite moss removing base material and 20 parts of composite auxiliary material.
(2) Mixing plant ash, wheat bran treatment material and the composite moss removing base material in a reaction kettle at 32 ℃, magnetically stirring for 60min at 800r/min, heating to 65 ℃, adding the composite auxiliary material and zeolite, magnetically stirring for 60min at 1000r/min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the moss removing agent for the fruit trees.
A use method of the moss removing agent for fruit trees comprises the following steps: at a rate of 4kg/m2The moss removing agent for the fruit trees is coated around the roots of the fruit trees with moss, and the roots are used as the circle center, and the radius of the circular area is 0.15 m.
Example 3
Wheat bran treatment: according to the mass ratio of 1: 15, mixing wheat bran and n-hexane, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 50min at the frequency of 55kHz at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain dispersed materials, centrifuging the dispersed materials in a centrifuge at the speed of 3500 r/min for 15min, carrying out suction filtration, and collecting filter residues according to the mass ratio of 1: 10 adding 70% ethanol solution, mixing, ultrasonic extracting at 30 deg.C for 50min, centrifuging at 3500 r/min for 15min, collecting supernatant, and vacuum concentrating at 50 deg.C to 35% of original volume to obtain testa Tritici processed material.
A settling agent: according to the mass ratio of 5: 3: 0.2: 0.01 mixing polyaluminium chloride, sodium sulfide, lignin and titanium dioxide to obtain the settling agent.
Nutrient solution: according to the mass ratio of 4: 1: 2: 1: 25 mixing casein, yeast extract, glucose, sucrose and water to obtain the nutrient solution.
Additive: according to the mass ratio of 5: 1: 0.01 mixing p-dichlorobenzene, ferrocene and stannous octoate to obtain the additive.
Macroinitiator: according to the mass ratio of 8: and 3, mixing the polyethylene glycol diacrylate and the polyethylene glycol dioleate to obtain the macromolecular initiator.
Silicon-containing agent: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 5, mixing sodium methyl silicate and trimethylchlorosilane to obtain the organic silicon.
Functional nano-materials: according to the mass ratio of 1: 3 taking nano TiO2And mixing the nano Fe powder to obtain the functional nano material.
The preparation method of the composite moss removing base material comprises the following steps:
(1) taking biogas slurry at 35 ℃ according to a mass ratio of 10: 1: 0.3, adding a settling agent and fly ash, mixing, stirring for 50min at 600r/min, adjusting the pH to 7.9 by using a NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 20%, preserving heat, standing for 35min, filtering, collecting filtrate to obtain pretreated biogas slurry, mixing 30 parts by weight of spherical natural color sand with the particle size of 2.2cm, 50 parts by weight of nutrient solution, 2 parts by weight of pretreated biogas slurry and 3 parts by weight of succinic acid in a fermentation tank, oscillating a shaker at 29 ℃ and 200r/min, fermenting at a constant temperature in a closed manner for 3 days, opening the fermentation tank, blowing air at the speed of 80mL/min, culturing at a constant temperature of 30 ℃ for 3 days, discharging, filtering, collecting filter cakes, preserving heat, sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 20min, and biologically modifying the color sand;
(2) according to the weight portion, 60 portions of (N-amidino) dodecyl acrylamide, 10 portions of macroinitiator and 3 portions of additive are mixed in a reaction kettle in sequence, and are stirred for 2 hours at the constant temperature of 900r/min at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain a block copolymer, wherein the block copolymer is prepared by mixing the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 6, adding the biological modified colored sand, mixing, and magnetically stirring for 50min at the speed of 600r/min to obtain the composite moss removing base material.
Preparing a composite auxiliary material: according to the mass ratio of 4: 1, crushing the snail shells and the shrimp shells in a crusher, sieving the crushed snail shells and the shrimp shells with a 150-mesh sieve, and taking sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 3: 10: 1: 20, adding bentonite, sodium chloride and water, mixing, magnetically stirring for 50min at the speed of 600r/min to obtain a mixture, and taking the mixture according to the mass ratio of 20: 1: 2 adding the functional nano material and the silicon-containing reagent, mixing, magnetically stirring for 2 hours at 900r/min, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes at 45 ℃ to obtain the composite auxiliary material.
The moss removing agent for the fruit trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of zeolite, 15 parts of plant ash, 7 parts of wheat bran treatment material, 40 parts of composite moss removing base material and 19 parts of composite auxiliary material.
A preparation method of a moss removing agent for fruit trees comprises the following steps:
(1) the adhesive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 3 parts of zeolite, 19 parts of plant ash, 7 parts of wheat bran treatment material, 40 parts of composite moss removing base material and 15 parts of composite auxiliary material.
(2) Mixing plant ash, wheat bran treatment material and the composite moss removing base material in a reaction kettle at 30 ℃, magnetically stirring for 50min at 600r/min, heating to 55 ℃, adding the composite auxiliary material and zeolite, magnetically stirring for 50min at 800r/min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the moss removing agent for the fruit trees.
A use method of the moss removing agent for fruit trees comprises the following steps: at a rate of 3kg/m2The moss removing agent for the fruit trees is coated around the roots of the fruit trees with moss, and the roots are used as the circle center, and the radius of the circular area is 0.12 m.
Comparative example 1: the procedure was essentially the same as in example 1, except that the composite moss removing base material was absent.
Comparative example 2: the preparation method is basically the same as that of example 1, except that the composite auxiliary materials are absent.
Comparative example 3: a lichen removing agent produced by a company in Kunming.
The moss removing agents obtained in the above examples and comparative examples were tested, and the test materials: moss on the root of a fruit tree, and the experimental design: experiment design 6 treatment groups, using the moss removing agents prepared in examples and comparative examples, were treated to have a cell area of 12m2Randomly arranging the blocks, wherein each cell is separated by 20 cm; and (3) drug effect investigation: the drug effect was investigated 30 days after application, and the ratio of the amount of the drug to be applied was 0 (no moss), 1 (1-10% with little moss) and 3 (11-25% with moss)Green spots), 5 (26-50% of moss is visible), 7 (51-75% of moss lumps), 9 (76-100% of moss is full) grade grading standards, and then the test center is used for testing whether the moss contains high-toxicity substances, and the obtained results are shown in table 1.
Table 1:
in summary, it can be seen from table 1 that the moss removing agent for fruit trees of the present invention is more effective and is worth popularizing, and the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The moss removing agent for the fruit trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2~5 parts of zeolite, 12~20 parts of plant ash, 5~10 parts of wheat bran processing material, its characterized in that still includes: 30-50 parts of composite moss removing base material and 12-20 parts of composite auxiliary material;
the wheat bran treatment material comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 1: 12-18, mixing wheat bran and n-hexane, performing ultrasonic treatment at 28-32 ℃, obtaining bulk materials, centrifuging the bulk materials, performing suction filtration, and collecting filter residues according to a mass ratio of 1: 8-12, adding an ethanol solution, mixing, performing ultrasonic-assisted extraction at 28-33 ℃, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and performing vacuum concentration to obtain a wheat bran treatment material;
the preparation method of the composite moss removing base material comprises the following steps:
(1) taking biogas slurry at 32-45 ℃ according to a mass ratio of 8-13: 1: 0.3, adding a settling agent and fly ash, mixing and stirring, adjusting the pH, keeping the temperature and standing, filtering, collecting filtrate to obtain pretreated biogas slurry, mixing 20-40 parts by weight of natural colored sand, 40-60 parts by weight of nutrient solution, 1-3 parts by weight of pretreated biogas slurry and 1-4 parts by weight of succinic acid, oscillating a shaking table at 27-32 ℃, fermenting at constant temperature in a closed manner, blowing air, culturing at constant temperature of 28-32 ℃, discharging, filtering, collecting filter cakes, sterilizing, and biologically modifying the colored sand;
(2) according to the weight parts, 50-70 parts of (N-amidino) dodecyl acrylamide, 7-13 parts of macroinitiator and 1-4 parts of additive are sequentially mixed, and the mixture is stirred at the constant temperature of 35-45 ℃ to obtain a block copolymer, wherein the mass ratio of the block copolymer is 1: 4-8, adding the biological modified colored sand, mixing and stirring to obtain the composite moss removing base material;
the preparation of the composite auxiliary material comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 3-5: 1, crushing and sieving the snail shells and the shrimp shells, and taking sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 3: 7-12: 1: 20, adding bentonite, sodium chloride and water, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, and taking the mixture according to a mass ratio of 15-25: 1: 2, adding the functional nano material and the silicon-containing reagent, mixing and stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 35-48 ℃ to obtain the composite auxiliary material.
2. The moss removing agent for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the settling agent in step (1): according to the mass ratio of 5: 1-3: 0.2: 0.01 mixing polyaluminium chloride, sodium sulfide, lignin and titanium dioxide to obtain the settling agent.
3. The moss removing agent for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution in the step (1): according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 1: 2: 1: and (20) mixing casein, yeast extract, glucose, sucrose and water to obtain the nutrient solution.
4. The moss removing agent for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the additive in the step (2): according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 1: 0.01 mixing p-dichlorobenzene, ferrocene and stannous octoate to obtain the additive.
5. The moss removing agent for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the macroinitiator in the step (2): according to the mass ratio of 4-8: and 3, mixing the polyethylene glycol diacrylate and the polyethylene glycol dioleate to obtain the macromolecular initiator.
6. The moss agent for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silicon-containing agent: according to the mass ratio of 1: and 3-7, mixing sodium methyl silicate and trimethylchlorosilane to obtain the silicon-containing reagent.
7. The moss removing agent for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the functional nano-material: according to the mass ratio of 1: 2-5 taking of nano TiO2And mixing the nano Fe powder to obtain the functional nano material.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5009700A (en) * | 1990-07-26 | 1991-04-23 | Olin Corporation | Use of pyrithione for the control of moss |
| KR100991521B1 (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2010-11-04 | 그린스웰 주식회사 | green moss washing agent composition for fruit tree and a preparation method thereof |
| CN102763686A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2012-11-07 | 天津生机集团股份有限公司 | Composition for removing moss and preparation method of composition |
| KR101424060B1 (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-08-04 | 대한민국 | Moss remover of citrus tree |
| CN104255790A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-07 | 周可幸 | Composition for removing moss |
| CN108002933A (en) * | 2016-10-29 | 2018-05-08 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Mandarin tree removes moss reagent |
| CN108576071A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-09-28 | 广西浪伏茶业股份有限公司 | A kind of control method of tea tree moss |
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