CN109729936A - A kind of straight cover plant planting technology of submerged plant suitable for full waters - Google Patents
A kind of straight cover plant planting technology of submerged plant suitable for full waters Download PDFInfo
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- CN109729936A CN109729936A CN201910170798.7A CN201910170798A CN109729936A CN 109729936 A CN109729936 A CN 109729936A CN 201910170798 A CN201910170798 A CN 201910170798A CN 109729936 A CN109729936 A CN 109729936A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of straight cover plant planting technologies of submerged plant suitable for full waters: 1, to unknown water-bed mapping and formulation plantation construction plan, 2, illumination isobath region (shallow water area) rattan felt is cultivated and is planted, 3, deepwater regions rattan felt circulation plantation, 4, rattan felt recycling and reusing.Its main feature is that construction implementation is simple, quick, low in cost and environmentally friendly, the simple straight cover plant planting technology of the achievable large area plantation of 3-5 worker is only needed in work progress, this construction planting technology is adapted to the different waters of all depths such as river, river, lake, pool, library, the pool, pond of nature or artificial water, and which solve the constructing technology problems that construction is complicated, at high cost in existing submerged plant construction planting technology, is difficult to overcome vulnerable to season, rainfall, water flow, the depth of water, water transparency etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to submerged plant cultivating technology fields in Water Ecological Recovery and Ecology building, overcome China's sheet
The various waters for being difficult to plant submerged plant carry out the technology of construction plantation submerged plant, provide a kind of construction is simple, quickly, at
This cheap and environmentally friendly submerged plant construction planting technology.
Background technique
On soil for the survival of mankind, the ecosystem be divided into terrestrial ecosystems, aquatic ecosystem and from
So-society-economy composite the ecosystem, wherein aquatic ecosystem includes marine ecosystems, Freshwater ecosystems and wet
The water source of the ground ecosystem, south China and coastal area exists substantially with Freshwater ecosystems；The fresh water of one habitat balance
Source of clean water in the ecosystem is the essential blood of human environment normal operation.And the pollution source at water source does not only have
Improper discharge and excessively exploitation, while can also passively receive from pollutants such as air, soil and earth's surfaces.Currently, China inland
17.6 ten thousand km2 of water surface area, wherein 6.84 ten thousand km2 of rivers, 2.06 ten thousand km2 of reservoir, 7.42 ten thousand km2 of lake, 1.27 ten thousand km of pond
2, but the problems such as due to water pollution and the excessive development and utilization of resource, cause the aquatic habitable environment in inland by broken
Bad, bio-diversity and quantity are reduced, and desert phenomenon is on the rise.Monitoring materials show there is 850 in 1200, China river
It is a plurality of by different degrees of pollution, the eutrophic extent of some large-size lakes is very serious.Hydraulic department is to the whole nation 100,000
Kilometer river survey situation shows that contaminated river length accounts for the half of sum, wherein 40,000 kilometers do not meet fishery water quality mark
Standard, 2400 kilometers of river fishes and shrimps disappearance, 26% lake has reached middle eutrophic state.Due to inland and offshore waters
Serious pollution, overfishing, can Cultivated water the caused main economic fishery variety source slump of disastrous proportions of improper utilization, it is rare
Endangered species quantity increases, degree aggravation in imminent danger etc..In recent years, in order to which the needs of expanding economy and people are to natural resources mistake
Degree ground utilizes, and a large amount of desertification phenomenons occurs in the aquatic ecosystem for causing the ecosystem especially fragile.Now, Wo Menzheng
Reinforce the improvement and protection to water by national efforts, regulation prevents the various sewage direct emissions of industry, agricultural and resident.(ginger
The Chinese Waters such as gloomy white ecosystem desertification status and its counter-measure [J] .2006. chinese scientific papers are online).
Due to problems such as sewage disposal technology and cost control, for being dissolved in the COD(chemistry consumption of water during the amount of controlling),
TP(total phosphorus) and TN(total nitrogen) etc. influence water quality important indicator be extremely difficult to " water environment quality standard value " V class or more
Minimum discharge standard, there are also be largely difficult to collect COD, TN, TP of the Initial Runoffs rainwater such as Town Center and road of improvement and
SS(suspended matter) it is utilized with the rainwater of municipal sewage concentration comparable and transition and agricultural emissions of exploitation etc., these are daily
Do not stop the underproof water of discharge largely still, currently also can only be by the waters such as rivers and lakes dilution discharge, and it still can be under
Stream or coastal waters environment form the accumulation harm of eutrophy salt.Such as Guangzhou, the power of the whole city Zheng Ju strengthens the improvement to water, at present
The black smelly shipwreck topic in urban environment is essentially eliminated, but in face of being still filled with a large amount of water condition such as bad IV, bad V at one's side,
Only continue to discharge to Pearl River estuary by tide bulge and fall.
In Freshwater ecosystems, submerged plant is the same in aquatic ecosystem with the plant in terrestrial ecosystems
Status it is irreplaceable；Research and practice have shown that, submerged plant is the basis for safeguarding aquatic ecosystem bio-diversity, and energy
It is oxygen-containing to consume the nutritive salt such as a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, increase water body in water body, also the growth of toxic algae is inhibited to make with apparent
With, and especially water can be being improved gradually by water bodys such as bad IV, bad V or worse water quality to clear water type turnover ecosystem
Effect in terms of visibility and Landscape construction is increasingly subject to the attention of people；Therefore the recovery of submerged plant is the weight that waters is administered
Point.However in China institute city and periphery and the waters of vast rural area, due to previous unordered discharge and excessively develop several
Whole desertification.In the waste water ecological control technology for currently restoring freshwater submerged plant, administered using submerged plant
And restoring aquatic ecological is method and purpose, while requiring to reach the nature that keeps water body so clear that you can see the bottom also to meet people
To the spiritual demand in terms of landscape；However in China's submerged plant type, that is, meets and administers, meets landscape again and there was only eel grass,
Other several kinds, such as spinney in water, are easy the entire Water space that has a full house, and the quick-fried pool is caused to spread unchecked and lack landscape effect, and more
Year raw submerged plant eel grass growth can construct the stereoscopic landscape Space of a width clear state under water such as underwater coniferous forest,
It is unique dominant population in current clear water type ecosystem constructing technology with powerful landscape value.Eel grass is current aquatic
In state improvement, water ecological restoration and the clear state Scene construction of water etc., is just wideling popularize and planting in China as unique dominant population.
Existing disclosed at having in submerged plant eel grass construction technology, all there is various defects.Such as based on point
Cultivating technology: throw throwing method (application number: 201720124687,201810154867 etc.) and by tool plantation method (application
Number: 201110077994, cultivation technique 201210076232,201721801734 etc.), vulnerable to water flow, subaqueous soil condition,
It is limited etc. all many conditions, can not realize large area, quickly plantation；As using organic fiber or chemical plastic as basic material
Netted laying plantation method (application number: 200310111602,201521009232,201611222257,201710732486,
201711472589), there is the breeding turf grass growing time period is long, and the conditions such as nursery place and hydrology for needing equal proportion limit
System, and long construction period, the disadvantages of cannot reusing；It as current main method for planting is manually planted after draining, due to
It needs to drain cultivated areas, is suitable only for closed waters and construction cost is high.
It is known as the Guangdong sea pearl National Urban Wetland Park in Zhejiang in Guangzhou " southern kidney ", is the important ecological green belt in Guangzhou City,
Its 8.69 square kilometres of total land area, water surface area is up to 3.77 square kilometres, without in direct sewage waters, but at present only
The water-bed all plantation submerged vegetation eel grass of the closed lakelet of one football pitch size, but the waters of the overwhelming majority belongs to open water
Domain is all desertification waters at present.The water body of golf course is essential content in court, and lawn maintenance is one
Need to apply a large amount of agriculture chemicals for a long time, at present the waters nearly all eutrophication in country court.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is providing a kind of straight cover plant planting technology to all waters kind of planting submerged plant that can construct,
Feature is that construction implementation is simple, quick, low in cost and environmentally friendly, and the achievable large area of 3-5 worker is only needed in work progress
Simple construction, this construction planting technology are adapted to river, river, lake, pool, library, the pool, Chi Dengsuo of nature or artificial water
Have the waters that the depth is different, which solve existing submerged plant construction planting technology in construction it is complicated, at high cost, vulnerable to season,
Rainfall, water flow, the depth of water, water transparency etc. are difficult to the plantation construction technology problem overcome.
The present invention provides a kind of straight cover plant planting technology of submerged plant suitable for full waters, specific technical solution include with
Lower step: 1, to unknown water-bed mapping and formulation plantation construction plan, 2, illumination isobath region (shallow water area) rattan felt
It cultivates and plants, 3, the circulation plantation of deepwater regions rattan felt, 4, rattan felt recycling and reusing.
1, to unknown water-bed mapping and formulation plantation construction plan:
Step 1: mapping construction area bottom topographic map, and in water insertion color separation mark rod greatly to indicate depth of water 0.5m,
The isobaths such as 1m, 2 m, 4 m, 6m；
Step 2: water investigation and survey light, and with compensation mark rod 1 mark water-bed illumination be greater than submerged plant light compensation depth it is big
Illumination isobath regional scope in 1.5-3 times or more waters；With the water-bed tree branch in dedicated trawlnet removing planting area and not
Degradable garbage, sundries；
Step 3: first laying one of fish protection purse seine in the plantation waters for having grassiness fish, further removing protection purse seine
Interior grassiness fish, and the carnivority fish of 100-1000g or more are launched, after submerged plant forms dominant population, remove
Fall fish protection purse seine；
Step 4: first laying the protective net of one of 80-200 mesh, and launch local food algae is more, plantation waters of water quality inferiority
Algae worm and other small-sized shrimp spiral shell animals；After submerged plant is at level ground rate, protective net is removed.
2, illumination isobath region (shallow water area) rattan felt is cultivated and is planted:
The first step, according to illumination isobath regional scope, select 0.1-1.0m of width and cut length and illumination isobath region
Width matches, and a towing strop is installed in an end of strip rattan felt, and the other end further restricted ties up on floating ball,
Rope length is greater than the depth of water；
The rattan felt that submerged plant plant is expired in the culture hole interplantation of rattan felt is moved to what illumination isobath region was pulled in shore by second step, on the coast
After in water, continue that rattan felt is pushed to designated place in underwater: offshore 0.5m or more, the depth of water is for a long time in 0.1m or more, 1.5-3
On most shallow isobath in illumination isobath region again, skewer inserting rod 2 then is fixed with long, since one end of rattan felt, successively
Rattan felt is sunk under water, and by the fixed implantation of rattan felt in water-bed mire；
Third step, repeat second step, by next rattan felt move to upper one implantation rattan felt is parallel, is separated by spacing 1-4m
More deepwater field (illumination low area) carry out implantation kind bar；Rattan felt spacing narrows from the width, and is sequentially completed 1.5-3 times of illumination isobath
Submerged plant plantation in region.
3, the circulation plantation of deepwater regions rattan felt: as the shallow water area plant basic Cheng Ping for having plantation submerged plant, and
And the submerged plant in rattan felt also Cheng Ping and grows tall, the transparency of water body be obviously improved or water quality it is so clear that you can see the bottom after, pull out rattan
The fixation inserted link to expose the surface on felt, towing and rattan felt sink water with the specific purpose tool of width and cut rolling, using rattan felt edge as cutting
The guiding device of rolling, the submerged plant rhizome that cutting rattan felt both sides are attached thereto, then pulls the strop of rattan felt one end, will be whole
Block rattan felt is removed from the bottom of cultivated areas, is moved to the more deepwater field than cultivated areas, is planted with 3 method of step third step
Kind；With this from the superficial to the deep, gradually transplant rattan felt, reach submerged plant existence limit depth, realize waters bottom submerged plant most
Submerged plant all bottom Cheng Ping are realized in the plantation of limits.
4, rattan felt re-using or recycling: after bottom whole Cheng Ping in construction area, rattan felt is taken from cultivated areas
Out, it can be used as seedling and transport to other construction waters plant utilization again, further or cut off the submerged plant on rattan felt surface and shine
Root inside dry rattan felt, the plantation rattan felt of the submerged plant as other types re-use, and further or get rid of rattan felt
Interior root allows and is recycled by the rattan felt that EVA plastics form, and realizes a kind of and tool that rattan felt is planted as submerged plant
Equally, the environmental protection plantation of real meaning is realized.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of straight cover plant planting technology schematic diagram of submerged plant suitable for full waters of the invention:
Wherein: 1, compensating mark rod, 2, fixed skewer inserting rod, 3, rattan felt.
Specific embodiment
It is that technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described in conjunction with attached drawing below；Obviously, described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment that this hair has, instead of all the embodiments.Below at least one exemplary embodiment
Description only actually be it is illustrative, never as to of the invention and its application or any restrictions used.Based on the present invention
In embodiment, every other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, positioned opposite, the digital table of the component and step that otherwise illustrate in these embodiments
It is not limited the scope of the invention up to formula and numerical value.It can for technology, method and apparatus known to person of ordinary skill in the relevant
It can be not discussed in detail, but in the appropriate case, the technology, method and apparatus should be considered as authorizing one of specification
Point.It is shown here and discuss all examples in, any occurrence should be construed as merely illustratively, not as
Limitation.Therefore, the other examples of exemplary embodiment can have different values.
It is the present inventor to entitled " the one of the submission of Patent Office, State Intellectual Property Office that the present invention, which implements rattan felt used,
The invention and application for a patent for invention of the economic and environment-friendly type submerged plant eel grass cultivation rattan felt of kind and method for planting ", application number are respectively
The purpose that its in " 201910018103.3 " and 201920030975.7 is invented is to propose a kind of new solid environmental protection cultivation rattan
Felt (abbreviation rattan felt): chatted 3 feature of rattan felt of the present invention is EVA(ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) richness of the plastics through plant produced
Flexible, volume density is slightly less than the wire ring felt that water, deformation coefficient are small, anti-position property is big, thickness 5-25mm.
The present invention provides a kind of straight cover plant planting technology of submerged plant suitable for full waters, chatted submerged plant refers to
Refer to that plant is entirely located in the aquatic macrophyte that fixed existence is sought below water layer, all absorbable moisture of each section of plant
It is all sufficiently flexible with the institutional frameworks such as root, stem, the leaf of this kind of plant of nutriment, without obvious xylem, leaf be mostly it is band-like or
Filiform, root are fibrous root, such as eel grass, bog pondweed, hornwort, watermifoil, black algae.The present invention is preferably Vallisneria, Potamogeton
Deng for Dominant variety.
The present invention provides a kind of straight cover plant planting technologies of submerged plant suitable for full waters, chat full waters and refer to by not
The features such as same underwater geological conditions, landforms, the depth of water, water quality and water flow form various natural water area environment.
The plantation for adapting to different underwater geological conditions conditions includes that mud soil and hard are water-bed, the cultivating technology at the hard bottom
Be: according to construction waters water velocity, selection cannot wash away by water flow, sand or fine sand of the partial size within 2-3mm, and in water
Bottom is laid with one layer of rattan felt plantation to carry out submerged plant after the sand bed of 20-50mm.
Plantation for waters such as different water depth, water quality, landforms is not the water level to adjust plantation waters by draining
Height reaches water-bed illumination needed for meeting submerged plant, is preferably planted with the big region of water-bed intensity of illumination, energy
After crossing the water-bed illumination on submerged plant improvement periphery of cultivated areas, further planted to periphery more deepwater field.
In the plantation of different water flows: according to the difference of underwater geological conditions, the fixed rattan felt of inserted link can be selected, stone can also be selected
Equal weights are fixed.
The above is only preferred embodiments of the invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these are improved also answers with retouching
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. pair unknown water-bed mapping and formulation plantation construction plan:
Step 1: mapping construction area bottom topographic map, and in water insertion color separation mark rod greatly to indicate depth of water 0.5m,
The isobaths such as 1m, 2 m, 4 m, 6m；
Step 2: water investigation and survey light, and with compensation mark rod 1 mark water-bed illumination be greater than submerged plant light compensation depth it is big
Illumination isobath regional scope in 1.5-3 times or more waters；With the water-bed tree branch in dedicated trawlnet removing planting area and not
Degradable garbage, sundries；
Step 3: first laying one of fish protection purse seine in the plantation waters for having grassiness fish, further removing protection purse seine
Interior grassiness fish, and the carnivority fish of 100-1000g or more are launched, after submerged plant forms dominant population, remove
Fall fish protection purse seine；
Step 4: first laying the protective net of one of 80-200 mesh, and launch local food algae is more, plantation waters of water quality inferiority
Algae worm and other small-sized shrimp spiral shell animals；After submerged plant is at level ground rate, protective net is removed.
To unknown water-bed mapping and work out plantation construction plan 2. according to claim 1, right more suitable for
Limpid visible water-bed ground.
3. illumination isobath region (shallow water area) rattan felt is cultivated and plantation:
The first step, according to illumination isobath regional scope, select 0.2-0.5m of width and cut length and illumination isobath region
Similar width, and a towing strop is installed into an end of strip rattan felt, the other end further restricted ties up on floating ball,
Rope length is greater than the depth of water；
The rattan felt that submerged plant plant is expired in the culture hole interplantation of rattan felt is moved to what illumination isobath region was pulled in shore by second step, on the coast
After in water, continue that rattan felt is pushed to designated place in underwater: offshore 0.5m or more, the depth of water is for a long time in 0.1m or more, 1.5-3
On most shallow isobath in illumination isobath region again, then successively will since one end of rattan felt with long fixed skewer inserting rod
Rattan felt sinks under water, and by the fixed implantation of rattan felt in water-bed mire；
Third step, repeat second step, by next rattan felt move to upper one implantation rattan felt is parallel, is separated by spacing 1-4m
More deepwater field (illumination low area) carry out implantation kind bar；The submerged plant in 1.5-3 times of illumination isobath region is completed according to this
It plants.
4. illumination isobath according to claim 1 region (shallow water area) rattan felt is cultivated and plantation, right rattan felt
Plantation can also recycle plantation.
5. the circulation of deepwater regions rattan felt is planted: as the shallow water area plant basic Cheng Ping, and rattan for having plantation submerged plant
Submerged plant in felt also Cheng Ping and grows tall, the transparency of water body be obviously improved or water quality it is so clear that you can see the bottom after, pull out on rattan felt
The fixation inserted link to expose the surface, towing and rattan felt sink water with the specific purpose tool of width and cut rolling, using rattan felt edge as cutting rolling
Guiding device, the submerged plant rhizome that cutting rattan felt both sides are attached thereto, then pulls the strop of rattan felt one end, by monolith rattan
Felt is removed from the bottom of cultivated areas, is moved to the more deepwater field than cultivated areas, is planted with 3 method of step third step；With
This from the superficial to the deep, gradually transplant rattan felt, reach submerged plant existence limit depth, realize waters bottom submerged plant to greatest extent
Plantation or realize submerged plant all bottom Cheng Ping.
6. rattan felt re-using or recycling: after bottom whole Cheng Ping in construction area, rattan felt is taken out from cultivated areas, it can
Other construction waters plant utilization again is transported to as seedling, further or the submerged plant on rattan felt surface is cut off and dries rattan
The plantation rattan felt of root inside felt, the submerged plant as other types re-uses, and further or gets rid of in rattan felt
Root allows and is recycled by the rattan felt that EVA plastics form, and realizes a kind of and tool one that rattan felt is planted as submerged plant
Sample realizes the environmental protection plantation of real meaning.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910170798.7A CN109729936A (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2019-03-06 | A kind of straight cover plant planting technology of submerged plant suitable for full waters |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN201910170798.7A CN109729936A (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2019-03-06 | A kind of straight cover plant planting technology of submerged plant suitable for full waters |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115176649A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-10-14 | 河北华清环境科技集团股份有限公司 | Submerged plant planting equipment |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103778319A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-05-07 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Method for determining target water area submerged plant recovery area |
| CN105540855A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-04 | 上海市苏沃生态农业科技有限公司 | Combined biomanipulation method for water-area ecological restoration |
| CN106430594A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 云南能投生态环境科技有限公司 | Plateau lake native vegetation recovering method |
-
2019
- 2019-03-06 CN CN201910170798.7A patent/CN109729936A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103778319A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-05-07 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Method for determining target water area submerged plant recovery area |
| CN105540855A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-04 | 上海市苏沃生态农业科技有限公司 | Combined biomanipulation method for water-area ecological restoration |
| CN106430594A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 云南能投生态环境科技有限公司 | Plateau lake native vegetation recovering method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115176649A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-10-14 | 河北华清环境科技集团股份有限公司 | Submerged plant planting equipment |
| CN115176649B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2023-11-03 | 河北华清环境科技集团股份有限公司 | Submerged plant planting equipment |
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Application publication date: 20190510 |