CN109724902B - Undercurrent layer layering ecological test device - Google Patents
Undercurrent layer layering ecological test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109724902B CN109724902B CN201910064472.6A CN201910064472A CN109724902B CN 109724902 B CN109724902 B CN 109724902B CN 201910064472 A CN201910064472 A CN 201910064472A CN 109724902 B CN109724902 B CN 109724902B
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- steel mesh
- mesh screen
- sampling
- sampling tube
- shaped handle
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007321 biological mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The undercurrent layer layering ecological test device comprises a substrate cage, a sampling tube, a wide-mouth bottle, a protection plate, a small hammer, a peristaltic pump, a textured yarn pull rod and a device bottom plate, wherein the substrate cage comprises a plurality of steel mesh screens and I-shaped handles, the outer wall of each steel mesh screen is provided with the I-shaped handle with the same height as the steel mesh screen, two concave parts of each I-shaped handle are provided with rails, triangular leather pads are arranged in the rails, and the I-shaped handles are provided with perforations; the sampling pipe is a PVC pipe, the peristaltic pump is arranged above the substrate cage, two ends of the peristaltic pump are respectively connected with the rubber pipe, and the bottom plate of the device is arranged at the bottom of the steel mesh screen at the lowest layer. The invention can accurately sample water quality and measure dissolved oxygen, is convenient for the placement, the removal and the layered sampling of the device, and effectively solves the problems that sand and stone are washed away and lost by water flow when the device is placed, the protection layer is shielded, the original ecological substrate environment cannot be simulated, benthonic animals escape when the device is removed, the accuracy of the dissolved oxygen and the water temperature can be influenced by direct water pumping, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological experiments, and particularly relates to a subsurface flow layer layering ecological test device.
Background
The submerged layer is considered to be a substrate space below the bed surface to a depth where benthonic animals and microorganisms live permanently or accidentally. Benthic invertebrates (benthonic animals) are a typical class of riverbed organisms that are animals that live in the riverbed substrate throughout their life cycle or for some period of time, with the submerged layer being their primary living place. The benthonic animals mainly influence the physical structure and biological mechanism of the submerged layer through feeding activities, excreta and the like, play an important role in the material circulation and energy flow of the submerged layer, and are difficult to directly perform layered sampling and quantification on benthonic animals deep in the submerged layer, and a specific device is needed for sampling analysis.
At present, the existing undercurrent layer layering ecological test device mainly has the following problems that (1) the accuracy of dissolved oxygen and water temperature can be affected by direct water pumping; (2) frozen sampling can cause the benthonic animal to escape; (3) When the test device is placed, the fine particle substrate is easy to be washed away and lost by water flow; (4) The protection plate with the round holes can cause habitat isolation to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a subsurface flow layer layering ecological test device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the device comprises a substrate cage, a sampling tube, a wide-mouth bottle, a protection plate, a small hammer, a peristaltic pump, a grain wire pull rod and a device bottom plate, wherein the substrate cage comprises a plurality of steel mesh screens and an I-shaped handle, the steel mesh screens are formed by vertically superposing, each steel mesh screen is a cylindrical mesh screen with an upper end opening and a lower end provided with a bottom screen, the I-shaped handle with the same height as the steel mesh screen is arranged on the outer wall of each steel mesh screen, two concave parts of the I-shaped handle are provided with tracks, triangular leather pads for preventing sand and stone from entering are arranged in the tracks, a track groove for the protection plate to slide up and down is formed by the tracks of the steel mesh screens, and a through hole for the grain wire pull rod to pass is formed on the I-shaped handle;
be provided with the cork on the mouth of pipe of sampling pipe, cover the sampling pipe the cork is placed in the base material cage, and with the base material cage deep into the position of awaiting measuring under water, the peristaltic pump sets up in the top of base material cage, and the both ends of peristaltic pump are connected with the rubber tube respectively, and when sampling work, open the cork, in the tail end of one of them rubber tube lets in the sampling pipe when the sampling, the tail end of another rubber tube is deep in the wide-necked bottle, in the sample extraction to the wide-necked bottle in the sampling pipe, the device bottom plate sets up the steel mesh screen bottom at the lower floor.
Further optimized, the sampling tube is made of PVC, the height of the sampling tube is 65-70cm, and the diameter of the sampling tube is 4-5cm.
Further preferably, a plurality of through holes are distributed on the pipe wall of the sampling pipe and close to the pipe bottom.
Further preferably, the protection plate is two arc-shaped plates, the two arc-shaped plates are arranged on the outer wall of the substrate cage through the slideway grooves and are enclosed to form a cylinder with the same height as the substrate cage, the height of each arc-shaped plate is 60-75cm, the diameter is 30-34cm, the thickness is 0.3-0.6cm, and the bottom edges of the arc-shaped plates are steel tips distributed in a zigzag shape.
Further optimized, the textured yarn pull rod is made of stainless steel, the diameter of the textured yarn pull rod is 0.3-0.8cm, and the length of the textured yarn pull rod is 75-80cm.
Further preferably, threads matched with the nuts are arranged at two ends of the textured yarn pull rod.
Further optimized, the bottom plate of the device is a round steel plate with holes, and the diameters of the holes are 0.3-0.8cm.
Further optimized, the height of the steel mesh screen is 5-15cm, the diameter of the steel mesh screen is 28-32cm, and the diameter of the mesh screen is 0.8-1.2cm.
Further optimizing, the width of the track is 1-3cm, and the height is 55-65cm.
Further preferably, the length of the perforation is the same as that of the I-shaped handle, the length of the thread pull rod is larger than that of the I-shaped handle, the thread pull rod penetrates through the perforation to be connected with the device bottom plate, and the steel mesh screen and the device bottom plate are fixed by installing a screw cap at the tail end of the thread pull rod.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the steel screen is provided with handles with tracks at two sides, a bottom cage is formed by stacking a plurality of steel screen layers, a device bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the lowest layer of the bottom cage, sand and stone at the bottom are prevented from scouring and losing by water flow during placement, an I-shaped handle is arranged on the outer wall of the steel screen, a track is arranged in a concave part of the handle, a triangular leather pad is arranged in the track, a track groove is formed after stacking the plurality of steel screen layers, a protection plate can freely slide in the track groove, the triangular leather pad can effectively prevent sand and stone from entering the track groove to influence the use of the protection plate, the bottoms of the protection plate are all steel points distributed in a zigzag manner, in the sampling process, the protection plate is arranged at the periphery of the bottom cage before placement of the bottom cage, the protection plate is taken out after placement is stable, the sand and stone around the screen wall is prevented from scouring and losing by water flow during placement, and the influence of the perch animal escape during removal on the measurement of the bottom environment during placement is avoided, and the measurement result of the bottom is influenced;
2. threads are arranged at two ends of the textured wire pull rod, pass through the through holes on the handle, are connected with the device bottom plate and are fixed through nuts, so that a plurality of steel mesh screens are fixed into a whole, and meanwhile, the handle is convenient to take when the substrate cage is placed;
3. the lower half part of the sampling tube is provided with a plurality of through holes, the through holes are used for allowing a water sample to be tested to enter the sampling tube, the water sample is pumped into the wide-mouth bottle by the peristaltic pump, the part of the sampling tube, which is not provided with the through holes, is positioned above the water surface, the part of the sampling tube, which is contacted with air, is not provided with an inlet through which air can be introduced, so that the influence rate of external factors is reduced, and the device can effectively improve the accuracy of the test data of the sample;
in summary, the invention can accurately sample water quality and measure dissolved oxygen, is convenient for the placement, the removal and the layered sampling of the device, and effectively solves the problems that sand and stone are washed away and lost by water flow when the device is placed, the protective layer is shielded, the original ecological substrate environment cannot be simulated, benthonic animals escape when the device is removed, the accuracy of dissolved oxygen and water temperature can be influenced by direct water pumping, and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sampling tube
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a steel screen
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a steel screen
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of an I-shaped handle
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a protection plate
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a slide
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the device bottom plate
Reference numerals: 1. sampling tube 2, wide-mouth bottle 3, guard plate, 4, small hammer, 5, peristaltic pump, 6, line silk pull rod, 7, device bottom plate, 8, steel mesh sieve, 801, bottom net, 9, I-shaped handle, 10, track, 11, triangular leather pad, 12, perforation, 13, cork, 14, rubber tube, 15, hole, 16, steel tip, 17, nut, 18, fixed orifices.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The specific implementation mode of the undercurrent layer layering ecological test device is as follows: the device comprises a substrate cage formed by vertically superposing a plurality of steel mesh screens 8, wherein the height of the substrate cage is 65-70cm, the diameter of the substrate cage is 4-5cm, the sampling pipe 1 is made of PVC, a wide mouth bottle 2, a protection plate 3, a small hammer 4, a peristaltic pump 5, a corrugated wire pull rod 6 with the diameter of 0.3-0.8cm and the length of 75-80cm and made of stainless steel, and a device bottom plate 7 arranged at the bottom of the substrate cage, the substrate cage comprises a plurality of steel mesh screens 8 and an I-shaped handle 9, the steel mesh screens 8 are formed by vertically superposing the steel mesh screens 8, each steel mesh screen 8 is provided with a cylindrical mesh screen with an upper end opening and a lower end provided with a bottom mesh screen 801, the I-shaped handle 9 is arranged on the outer wall of each steel mesh screen 8, two concave parts of the I-shaped handle 9 are provided with tracks 10, three-shaped leather pads 11 used for preventing sand from entering are arranged in the tracks 10, the tracks 10 of the steel mesh screens 8 form a track groove for the upper and lower sliding handle of the protection plate 3, the I-shaped pull rod 6 is provided with a perforated wire pull rod 12, the perforated wire pull rod 6 passes through the two ends of the I-shaped handle 6, and the perforated wire pull rod 6 passes through the perforated wire pull rod 6 and passes through the I-shaped handle 6, and the perforated wire pull rod 6 passes through the perforated wire device is provided with the perforated wire bottom plate 6. The protection plate 3 is two circular arc-shaped plates, the two circular arc-shaped plates are arranged on the outer wall of the substrate cage through slide grooves and are surrounded to form a cylinder with the same height as the substrate cage, the height of each circular arc-shaped plate is 60-75cm, the diameter is 30-34cm, the thickness is 0.3-0.6cm, and the bottom edges of the circular arc-shaped plates are steel tips 16 distributed in a zigzag shape. The device bottom plate 7 is a round steel plate with holes 15, the diameter of the holes 15 is 0.3-0.8cm, and the device bottom plate prevents sand and stones at the bottom from being washed away by water flow when being placed.
The pipe orifice of the sampling pipe 1 is provided with a cork 13, the cork 13 is used for preventing external oxygen from entering the sampling pipe 1 and affecting the measurement of the dissolved oxygen of the sample in the pipe, the peristaltic pump 5 is arranged above a substrate cage, two ends of the peristaltic pump 5 are respectively connected with a rubber pipe 14, when sampling work is carried out, the cork 13 is covered and the sampling pipe 1 is placed into the substrate cage, when sampling is carried out, the cork 13 is opened, the tail end of one rubber pipe 14 is introduced into the sampling pipe 1 when sampling is carried out, the tail end of the other rubber pipe 14 is deeply arranged in the wide mouth bottle 2, a plurality of through holes are distributed on the pipe wall of the sampling pipe 1, which are used for allowing the water sample to be measured to enter the sampling pipe 1, so that the peristaltic pump 5 is extracted into the wide mouth bottle 2, and the upper half part of the sampling pipe 1, where the through holes are not arranged, is positioned above the water level when sampling is carried out.
In the invention, the steel mesh screen 8 has a height of 5-15cm, a diameter of 28-32cm, a mesh diameter of 0.8-1.2. 1.2cm, a width of 1-3cm and a height of 55-65cm.
The working process comprises the following steps: placing the cleaned substrate into each steel mesh screen 8, connecting the perforated holes 12 penetrated by the wire rod 6 with the device bottom plate and fixing the plurality of steel mesh screens 8 through nuts, forming a plurality of steel mesh screens 8 stacked substrate cages, after the substrate cages are formed, placing the sampling tube 1 into the substrate cages through the fixing holes 18 in the middle of the steel mesh screens 8, covering the cork 13, loading the triangular leather pad 11 into the track groove downwards with force along the track groove, loading the protection plate 3 into the triangular leather pad 11 downwards with force along the triangular leather pad 11 by using the small hammers 4, digging holes with the cross section of 40cm and the depth of 70cm at selected test points, placing the substrate cages into the holes, filling with sand stones, then taking out the protection plate 3, taking out the substrate cages after a specific time, firstly removing the cork 13 at the top of the sampling tube 1, carrying out water sample extraction by using the peristaltic pump 5, carrying out measurement of dissolved oxygen and temperature by using the hammer, taking out measurement on the sample in the wide mouth bottle 2, taking out the sample down with the triangular leather pad 11, taking out the three-shaped leather pad with force, taking out the three-shaped leather pad 11, taking out the sample, taking down with the three-shaped leather pad, taking out the sample, taking part, and taking the sample, and taking out the sample, and taking part, and taking the sample, and taking.
The technical scheme and the embodiment of the invention are not limited, and the technical scheme and the embodiment which are equivalent or have the same effect as those of the technical scheme and the embodiment of the invention are all within the protection scope of the invention. It should also be noted that relational terms such as I, II, and III are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a undercurrent layer layering ecological test device which characterized in that: the novel stainless steel wire drawing device comprises a substrate cage, a sampling tube (1), wide-mouth bottles (2), protection plates (3), a small hammer (4), peristaltic pumps (5), wire drawing pull rods (6) and a device bottom plate (7), wherein the substrate cage comprises a plurality of steel mesh screens (8) and an I-shaped handle (9), the steel mesh screens (8) are formed by vertically superposing, each steel mesh screen (8) is a cylindrical mesh screen with an upper end opening and a lower end provided with a bottom mesh (801), the outer wall of each steel mesh screen (8) is provided with the I-shaped handle (9) with the same height as the steel mesh screen (8), two concave parts of the I-shaped handle (9) are provided with rails (10), the width of each rail (10) is 1-3cm, the height of each rail (10) is 55-65cm, a three-shaped leather pad (11) for preventing sand and curing sand and stones from entering is arranged in each rail (10), each steel mesh screen (8) is provided with a rail groove for enabling the protection plates (3) to slide up and down, the I-shaped handle (9) is provided with two screw caps (6) with the same height, and the two ends of each screw cap (6) are provided with the wire drawing pull rods (6) with the threads (6) with the diameters which are 0cm, and the diameters of the screw caps (6) are matched with the screw caps and the screw caps with the screw caps; the length of the perforation (12) is the same as that of the I-shaped handle (9), the length of the textured yarn pull rod (6) is larger than that of the I-shaped handle (9), the textured yarn pull rod (6) passes through the perforation (12) to be connected with the device bottom plate (7), and a screw cap (17) is arranged at the tail end of the textured yarn pull rod (6) to fix the steel mesh screen (8) and the device bottom plate (7);
the device is characterized in that the sampling tube (1) is made of PVC, the height of the sampling tube is 65-70cm, the diameter of the sampling tube is 4-5cm, a plurality of through holes are formed in the tube wall of the sampling tube (1) and close to the tube bottom, a cork (13) is arranged on the tube orifice of the sampling tube (1), the sampling tube (1) is covered by the cork (13) and is placed in a substrate cage, the peristaltic pump (5) is arranged above the substrate cage and is connected with rubber tubes (14) respectively at two ends of the peristaltic pump, when sampling is carried out, the cork (13) is opened, the tail end of one rubber tube (14) is introduced into the sampling tube (1) during sampling, the tail end of the other rubber tube (14) is inserted into the wide-mouth bottle (2), a sample in the sampling tube (1) is extracted into the wide-mouth bottle (2), and the bottom plate (7) of the device is arranged at the bottom of the steel mesh screen (8) at the lowest layer;
the protection plate (3) is two circular arc plates, the two circular arc plates are arranged on the outer wall of the substrate cage through a slideway slot and are enclosed to form a cylinder with the same height as the substrate cage, the height of the circular arc plates is 60-75cm, the diameter is 30-34cm, the thickness is 0.3-0.6cm, and the bottom edges of the circular arc plates are steel tips (16) distributed in a zigzag shape;
the device bottom plate (7) is a round steel plate with holes (15), and the diameter of the holes (15) is 0.3-0.8cm;
the height of the steel mesh screen (8) is 5-15cm, the diameter of the steel mesh screen is 28-32cm, and the diameter of the screen hole is 0.8-1.2cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910064472.6A CN109724902B (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2019-01-23 | Undercurrent layer layering ecological test device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910064472.6A CN109724902B (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2019-01-23 | Undercurrent layer layering ecological test device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109724902A CN109724902A (en) | 2019-05-07 |
| CN109724902B true CN109724902B (en) | 2024-01-23 |
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| CN201910064472.6A Active CN109724902B (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2019-01-23 | Undercurrent layer layering ecological test device |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN110161146B (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2021-10-01 | 扬州大学 | Experimental device and method for measuring layered flux of greenhouse gases in drainage ditch of rice field |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09229830A (en) * | 1996-02-21 | 1997-09-05 | Toshiba Corp | Liquid sample collecting device |
| CN101781060A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2010-07-21 | 河北农业大学 | Composite artificial marsh sewage treatment system |
| CN103196706A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-07-10 | 重庆大学 | Multi-layer sampler for underflow layer |
| CN209559701U (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-10-29 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of ecological experimental rig of undercurrent layer layering |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10627317B2 (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2020-04-21 | Dalian University Of Technology | Self-anchored piling sediment sampler |
-
2019
- 2019-01-23 CN CN201910064472.6A patent/CN109724902B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09229830A (en) * | 1996-02-21 | 1997-09-05 | Toshiba Corp | Liquid sample collecting device |
| CN101781060A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2010-07-21 | 河北农业大学 | Composite artificial marsh sewage treatment system |
| CN103196706A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-07-10 | 重庆大学 | Multi-layer sampler for underflow layer |
| CN209559701U (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-10-29 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of ecological experimental rig of undercurrent layer layering |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 河床底质对大型底栖动物多样性影响的野外试验;段学花;王兆印;田世民;;清华大学学报(自然科学版)(09);全文 * |
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