CN109721427A - A kind of oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer improving paddy rice anti contravariance - Google Patents
A kind of oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer improving paddy rice anti contravariance Download PDFInfo
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- CN109721427A CN109721427A CN201910145673.9A CN201910145673A CN109721427A CN 109721427 A CN109721427 A CN 109721427A CN 201910145673 A CN201910145673 A CN 201910145673A CN 109721427 A CN109721427 A CN 109721427A
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- fertilizer
- oxygenation
- nitrogenous fertilizer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer for improving paddy rice anti contravariance, is made of nitrogenous fertilizer, oxygen fertilizer, binder, coated fertilizer, nitrification inhibitor and appropriate amount of water.The present invention can provide the oxygen of slow release to waterflooding The Rhizosphere of Rice, enhance Rice Resistance Hypoxia Stress ability, ammonium nitrogenous fertilizer in fertilizer is by improving rice leaf Mesophyll conductance and stomatal conductance, the approach such as higher Photochemical Efficiency being maintained to improve Photosynthetic Rate, the higher carbon metablism of blade under Water Stress Conditions is maintained, and then enhances its blade anti-oxidative damage and anti-water stress ability；Rice Transpiration and root water potential under water stress can be reduced simultaneously, is conducive to maintain higher water absorbing capacity and water use efficiency.As the attapulgite and zeolite powder of filler, with excellent adhesive property and cationic exchangeability, the by-product of energy adsorption of oxygen reaction, the oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer production method is simple, and at low cost, production efficiency is higher.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, are related to a kind of oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer for improving paddy rice anti contravariance.
Background technique
In China, the meteorological disasters such as flood, arid, chilling injury, Climatic regionalization (containing hot dry wind), forest fire, frost
It causes grain yield to lose about 12,000,000 t every year on average, accounts for 60% or more of agricultural disaster total losses.Rice is that China is important
Cereal crops, paddy growth all there are certain requirements the meteorological conditions such as moisture, temperature.With global climate exception, some areas
The long-term waterflooding in rice field caused by the factors such as heavy rain, flood take place frequently, and the improper or pumping equipment of irrigation is bad, frequently results in rhizosphere
Anoxic.Rice field Hypoxia Stress seriously affects the energetic supersession of plant, while causing cytoplasmic acidification, is unfavorable for plant strain growth.
Root anoxic causes paddy growth and yield potentiality heavily suppressed, wherein in tillering stage, boot stage to pustulation period to rice
Maximum is influenced, the crucial abiotic stress factor for restricting China's rice yield is had become.In China, there are the south of large area
Cold immersed field, waterlogged fields and gleying rice field, the crucial abiotic stress factor for restricting these regional rice yields is also root
Anoxic.
Water, nitrogen are two factors for influencing each other and restricting during rice growth.With Climate Warming
It is constantly promoted with process of industrialization, global water resources anxiety trend is increasingly serious.At the same time, Climatic regionalization is usually with dampening
Divide and wane, and then leads to high temperature and the dual stress of arid.There are nitrogen applications in the current Rice Production in China excessively, nitrogen fertilizer use
The problems such as rate is lower, and shortage of water resources the aggravation water, nitrogen contradiction got worse.Exploration, which takes into account, promotes rice yield and water nitrogen benefit
It is always crop cultivation, agrology and Plant Nutrition field in recent years with the suitable cultivation approach and materialization product of efficiency
Hot subject.
Hypoxemia, drought stress for rice different times, although agronomy drainage measure can alleviate rice field to a certain degree
Hypoxia Stress, but the statuses such as presence for a long time is inadequate to the attention of drought stress emergency measure, correlation materialization product still lacks；
Meanwhile moisture regulation also shows slightly insufficient on solving " water oxygen contradiction " of the rice booting to heading stage.Therefore, it needs targetedly
Exploitation takes into account oxygenation to drought-enduring related materialization product to improve paddy rice anti contravariance.
Summary of the invention
It is to improve water in a kind of rice cropping the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer for improving paddy rice anti contravariance
The anti-hypoxemia of rice/drought stress ability and yield oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer.
A kind of oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer improving paddy rice anti contravariance provided by the invention, by 35-45 part nitrogenous fertilizer, 25-30 parts of oxygen it is fertile,
10-15 parts of binders, 6-10 parts of coated fertilizers, 2-3 portions of nitrification inhibitors, appropriate amount of water composition.
The nitrogenous fertilizer is one of ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride etc. or two or more mixtures, structure
At fertilizer kernel.
The oxygen fertilizer is the mixture of one of calper calcium peroxide, peromag or the two, constitutes fertilizer outer core.
The nitrification inhibitor is the chloro- 6- of 2- (trichloromethyl) pyridine, in 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate, dicyandiamide
One or more kinds of mixtures.
The coated fertilizer is the denaturation dimethyl silicone polymer after femtosecond laser ablation.
The preparation process of the denaturation dimethyl silicone polymer is as follows: by polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer body and curing agent
(DC184) it is uniformly mixed in mass ratio for 10:1, vacuum condition lower pumping 10-20min, be heating and curing 2- at 80-150 DEG C
5h crushed 100 μm of sieves.Smashed dimethyl silicone polymer powder is uniformly layed on glass grinding tool, with a thickness of 0.2-
0.4cm.Then, ablation is carried out using Libra-usp-he ti sapphire laser, which can generate central wavelength and be
800nm, ablation time 50fs, the laser pulse that repetition rate is 1kHz.Ablation running parameter is provided that laser power, 30-
50mW；Sweep speed, 4-6mm/s；The focal length of lens, 4 μm；The numerical aperture of lens is 0.45.Polydimethylsiloxanes after ablation
Alkane particle surface will form a kind of micro-nano multistage coarse structure, show excess of export parent gas characteristic under water.
It is a further object to provide the preparation methods of the oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer, are realized by following steps:
(1) 35-45 parts of ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride mixt and 25-30 part calper calcium peroxide, peroxide are weighed
Change magnesium compound, and 10-15 parts of attapulgites, zeolite powder adhesive and 2-3 parts of 2- chloro- 6- (trichloromethyl) pyridines are added, 3,
4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate, dicyandiamide mixture, are transferred to granulating disc after mixing and are granulated, suitable with Sprayable supplement
Moisture is measured, fertilizer kernel is prepared into；
(2) the fertilizer kernel of above-mentioned preparation is transferred in coating machine, it is micro- with 6-10 parts of above-mentioned modified dimethyl polysiloxanes
Nano-powder particles carry out face powder coating as coated fertilizer, supplement amount of water with Sprayable, temperature is controlled in 70-80
DEG C, it is dispensed after dry, that is, prepares the spherical oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer.
It is also another object of the present invention to provide the method for administration of the oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer of the raising paddy rice anti contravariance, pass through
Following steps are realized: in 6kg/ mus of radix heap (pure N), phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 3kg/ mus, potash fertilizer (K2O) on the basis of 4kg/ mus,
It is applied three times in tiller vessel, heading stage and pustulation period by 10-14kg/ mus, 6-10kg/ mus and 6-10kg/ mus respectively, it can be effective
Rice Resistance hypoxemia and water stress ability are improved, raising rice yield is taken into account and water saving effect, economic benefit is higher.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the oxygen of slow release can be provided to waterflooding The Rhizosphere of Rice: dimethyl silicone polymer passes through femtosecond laser ablation
Afterwards, surface also will form a kind of micro-nano multistage coarse structure.The surface shows super-hydrophobicity in air；But under water, fly
Super close gas characteristic under the dimethyl silicone polymer surface own water that second laser treatment is crossed, the oxygen bubble which produces can compared with
It is adsorbed in for a long time by rough surface, increases the oxygen of generation residence time in the solution and rate of release, it on the other hand, should
The oxygen bubble of adsorption can play certain physical barrier effect, can also control the slow release of oxygen to a certain extent.
2. ammonium oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer can be by improving rice leaf g compared with conventional nitrogenous fertilizerm(Mesophyll conductance) and gs(stomata is led
Degree), maintain higher Photochemical Efficiency (ФPSII) etc. approach improve Photosynthetic Rate, maintain Water Stress Conditions under blade
Higher carbon metablism, and then enhance its blade anti-oxidative damage and anti-water stress ability.Meanwhile the ammonium oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer can drop
Low moisture coerces lower rice Transpiration and root water potential, and then is conducive to maintain higher water absorbing capacity and moisture
Utilization efficiency.In short, ammonium (NH4 ++ N) oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer culture the higher photosynthesis of rice seedling and water use efficiency,
And lower oxidative damage significantly increases its anti-water stress ability, and then increases the biomass of rice seedling.
3. on the one hand there is excellent adhesive property, while also having as the attapulgite and zeolite powder of filler
Certain cationic exchangeability, the by-product of energy adsorption of oxygen reaction, such as Ca2+、Mg2+, calper calcium peroxide oxygen fertilizer, which is effectively relieved, makes soil
The problem of earth pH value of solution increases；Addition nitrification inhibitor can effectively inhibit the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen, and stability is good, nitrogen fertilizer use
Rate is higher.
4. the oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer manufacture craft is simple, granulation and coating process, the production efficiency that can use for reference current maturation are higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is oxygenation nitrogen product figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the dimethyl silicone polymer in the present invention after femtosecond laser ablation.
Fig. 3 is that the soluble oxygen content of oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer of the present invention and blank control (calper calcium peroxide) changes pair in water culture experiment
According to figure.
Specific embodiment
It is intended to further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) dimethyl silicone polymer femtosecond laser ablation is handled: by polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer body and curing agent
(DC184) it is uniformly mixed in mass ratio for 10:1, vacuum condition lower pumping 20min, be heating and curing 3h at 100 DEG C, crushed
100 μm of sieves.Smashed dimethyl silicone polymer powder is uniformly layed on glass grinding tool, with a thickness of 0.2cm.Then, make
Ablation is carried out with Libra-usp-he ti sapphire laser, it is 800nm, ablation time which, which can generate central wavelength,
50fs, the laser pulse that repetition rate is 1kHz.Ablation running parameter is provided that laser power, 40mW；Sweep speed,
5mm/s；The focal length of lens, 4 μm；The numerical aperture of lens is 0.45.Dimethyl silicone polymer particle surface after ablation will form
A kind of micro-nano multistage coarse structure shows excess of export parent gas characteristic (Fig. 1) under water.
Weigh 40 parts of ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride mixt and 28 parts of calcium oxide, sodium peroxide, peromags
The adhesives such as 15 parts of attapulgites, zeolite powders and 3 parts of 2- chloro- 6- (trichloromethyl) pyridines 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole is added in mixture
Azoles phosphate, dicyandiamide mixture, are transferred to granulating disc after mixing and are granulated, and are prepared into the fertilizer kernel；
The fertilizer kernel of above-mentioned preparation is transferred in coating machine, with 8 parts of above-mentioned modified dimethyl polysiloxane micro-nano rice flour
Last particle carries out face powder coating as coated fertilizer, and entire mixing granulation process supplements amount of water, temperature control with Sprayable
System dispenses after dry at 70-80 DEG C, that is, prepares the spherical oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer (Fig. 2).
2 effect test of embodiment
The soluble oxygen content of oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer and blank control (calper calcium peroxide) changes in 2.1 embodiments 1
Dissolved oxygen release test shows that the oxygen amount of putting of Novel oxygen fertilizer of the present invention in water is continuously maintained in 40 days or so, molten
Solution oxygen content reached peak, subsequent slow release at 12 days or so, and had apparent slow releasing function compared with calper calcium peroxide；Peroxide
Although changing calcium also can increase dissolved oxygen content, it reached release peak at 3-6 days, and subsequent dissolved oxygen content drastically reduces,
Later period dissolved oxygen content is substantially less than the oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer in the embodiment of the present invention 1.Specific data are shown in Fig. 3.
Influence of the different nitrogenous fertilizer to rice seedling economical character and physical signs under 2.2 water stress
Test method: selecting the oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 1 as processing group, meanwhile, etc. nitrogen quantity it is conventional
Urea nitrogen is as reference group (outside deoxygenation, other nutritive element contents are completely the same), using potting earth culture cultural method, moisture
Stress is set as 60% field capacity, and basins irrigation processing as its blank control using conventional.After solarium is cultivated 21 days, in research
State influence of two kinds of different nitrogenous fertilizer to indexs such as rice seedling economical character, photosynthetic parameters, water absorbing capacity and oxidative damages.
The influence of oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer of the present invention to rice seedling economical character and physical signs under 1 water stress of table
Pn, photosynthetic rate；gs, stomata introduction；gm, Mesophyll conductance；ФPSII, effective Photochemical Efficiency of lightsystemⅡ；Tr,
Transpiration rate；WUE, water use efficiency；MDA, malonaldehyde.
As shown in Table 1, compared with reference group (Conventional urea), oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer obtained by the embodiment of the present invention 1 can be effective
Alleviate the reduction of the photochemistry parameters such as photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, the photosystem Photochemical Efficiency of water stress induction, Jin Erwei
Hold higher photosynthetic rate；It is steamed on the contrary, oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer obtained by the embodiment of the present invention 1 reduces blade under Water Stress Conditions
Rate is risen, and then maintains its higher water use efficiency.Compared with the oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer obtained by the embodiment of the present invention 1, urea
State nitrogen significantly improves rice root oxidative damage under water stress (with malonaldehyde MDA content characterization).Water in oxygenation N fertilization
The higher photosynthesis of rice seedling and water use efficiency and lower oxidative damage significantly increase its anti-water stress energy
Power, and then increase the biomass of rice seedling.
Oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer and fertile (calper calcium peroxide) rice yield of conventional oxygen in embodiment 1 are applied in 2.3 field experiments
Field experiment is carried out in China Paddy Rice Inst, proving ground, Fuyang, if 3 processing, respectively apply the present embodiment
1 oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer (processing 1), calper calcium peroxide (processing 2), and blank control is made with the processing of peasant's conventional fertilizer application and (does not apply oxygen fertilizer, processing
3).In processing 1 and 2, oxygen fertilizer method of administration are as follows: respectively in tiller vessel, heading stage and pustulation period by 12kg/ mus, 8kg/ mus and
8kg/ mus of applications are three times.Deoxygenation fertilizer is outer, other all fertilisings, irrigation and pest management are identical with blank control processing.Often
A processing sets three repetitions, takes its average product to be analyzed, test result such as the following table 2.
Table 2 is that application oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer of the present invention and blank control (calper calcium peroxide) rice yield compare in field experiment
As shown in Table 1, compared with blank control processing, new-type oxygen-increasing nitrogenous fertilizer (processing 1) of the present invention and conventional oxygen fertilizer (processing
2) average product is improved in various degree, but rice yield and rate of growth are above conventional oxygen fertilizer in present invention processing.This
Illustrate to apply the new-type oxygen-increasing nitrogenous fertilizer in the embodiment of the present invention 1 and application calper calcium peroxide routine oxygen fertilizer is better than to increasing production of rice effect.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer for improving paddy rice anti contravariance, which is characterized in that by 35-45 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 25-30 parts of oxygen fertilizer, 10-15
Part binder, 6-10 parts of coated fertilizers, 2-3 portions of nitrification inhibitors, appropriate amount of water composition.
2. a kind of oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer for improving paddy rice anti contravariance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogenous fertilizer is
One of ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride or two or more mixtures constitute fertilizer kernel；The oxygen fertilizer
For one of calper calcium peroxide, peromag or the mixture of the two, fertilizer outer core is constituted；The binder is bumps
The mixture of one of stick soil, zeolite powder or the two；The nitrification inhibitor is the chloro- 6- of 2- (trichloromethyl) pyridine,
One of 3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate, dicyandiamide or two or more mixtures；The coated fertilizer is femtosecond
Denaturation dimethyl silicone polymer after laser ablation.
3. a kind of oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer for improving paddy rice anti contravariance according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the denaturation is poly-
The preparation process of dimethyl siloxane is as follows: with curing agent being in mass ratio that 10:1 is mixed by polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer body
Even, vacuum condition lower pumping 10-20min, be heating and curing 2-5h at 80-150 DEG C, crushed 100 μm of sieves, will be smashed poly-
Dimethyl siloxane powder is uniformly layed on glass grinding tool, with a thickness of 0.2-0.4cm, then, uses Libra-usp-he titanium
Sapphire laser carry out ablation, the system can generate central wavelength be 800nm, ablation time 50fs, repetition rate 1kHz
Laser pulse, ablation running parameter is provided that laser power, 30-50mW；Sweep speed, 4-6mm/s；The focal length of lens, 4 μ
m；The numerical aperture of lens is 0.45, and it is coarse that the dimethyl silicone polymer particle surface after ablation will form a kind of micro-nano multistage
Structure shows excess of export parent gas characteristic under water.
4. a kind of preparation method for the oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer for improving paddy rice anti contravariance, which is characterized in that realized by following steps:
(1) 35-45 parts of ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride mixt and 25-30 part calper calcium peroxide, peromag are weighed
Mixture, and 10-15 parts of attapulgites, zeolite powder adhesive and 2-3 parts of 2- chloro- 6- (trichloromethyl) pyridines are added, 3,4- bis-
Methylpyrazole phosphate, dicyandiamide mixture, are transferred to granulating disc after mixing and are granulated, and supplement suitable quantity of water with Sprayable
Point, it is prepared into fertilizer kernel；
(2) the fertilizer kernel of above-mentioned preparation is transferred in coating machine, it is micro-nano with 6-10 parts of above-mentioned modified dimethyl polysiloxanes
Powder particle carries out face powder coating as coated fertilizer, supplements amount of water with Sprayable, temperature is controlled at 70-80 DEG C, done
Packing, that is, prepare the spherical oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer after dry.
5. a kind of method of administration of oxygenation nitrogenous fertilizer for improving paddy rice anti contravariance as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that pass through
Following steps are realized: on the basis of 6kg/ mus of radix heap, 3kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, 4kg/ mus of potash fertilizer, respectively in tiller vessel, pumping
Ear period and pustulation period apply three times by 10-14kg/ mus, 6-10kg/ mus and 6-10kg/ mus, can effectively improve the Rice Resistance hypoxemia side of body
It forces to make peace water stress ability, takes into account and increase rice yield and water saving effect, economic benefit are higher.
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| CN106518300A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-22 | 高鹏 | Silicon-enriched and oxygen-enriched efficient rice controlled release fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
| CN107032891A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-11 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of super-hydrophobic bio-based film-coated controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107673927A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-02-09 | 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 | A kind of rice slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108821864A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-16 | 中国水稻研究所 | It is a kind of mitigate rice seedling injury from low temperature plant growth conditioner and application |
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2019
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| CN105085062A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-25 | 湖北鄂中化工有限公司 | Special tillering fertilizer for paddy rice, and preparation and application method for special tillering fertilizer |
| CN106518300A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-22 | 高鹏 | Silicon-enriched and oxygen-enriched efficient rice controlled release fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
| CN107032891A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-11 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of super-hydrophobic bio-based film-coated controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107673927A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-02-09 | 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 | A kind of rice slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190507 |