CN109705877A - Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109705877A CN109705877A CN201910074967.7A CN201910074967A CN109705877A CN 109705877 A CN109705877 A CN 109705877A CN 201910074967 A CN201910074967 A CN 201910074967A CN 109705877 A CN109705877 A CN 109705877A
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- soil conditioner
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Abstract
The present invention relates to soil conditioner and preparation method thereof, contain porous material in soil conditioner, which is characterized in that the porous material is handled through organic acid.The present invention has porous structure, can play the role of water conservation and fertilizer conservation, meanwhile, the application can also improve the gas permeability of soil, prevent the soil salinization and acidification.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil conditioners and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Since China's soil fertility is low, peasant is excessive in order to ensure high yield to apply chemical nitrogen fertilizer, cause nitrogenous fertilizer supply with
Crop demand is seriously asynchronous.It is unreasonable for a long time that chemical fertilizer is excessively used, soil texture variation, soil hardening, soil fertility is caused to decline,
Crop production reduction, agricultural product nitrate content is excessively high, content of beary metal is exceeded.A large amount of and excessive nitrogenous fertilizer and Heavy metals in
In environment, contaminated soil, water body, air threaten the food security and health of the mankind.
Due to devoting exclusive attention to output, continuous cropping and excessive application chemical fertilizer lead to that soil acidification is serious, biological activity of soil decline, soil
Nutrient Transformation is very slow, and many open ground soils have become or becoming " stiff soil, dead soil ".
To alleviate soil-borne disease situation, many peasants have to apply a soil sterilants every 2-3, not only increase into
This, and serious contaminated soil, influence agricultural product security.
Soil regime decides the safety problem of entire agricultural industry and human foods chain.We have spent commodity
The epoch of shortage are in the epoch of ecological shortage now.Soil is to produce the important basic condition of food, its safety, can
It needs to pay high attention to by property.
The crystal structure of sepiolite has continuous oxygen-octahedron layer.Wherein, each oxygen-octahedron shares two
A angle top is connected with three adjacent tetrahedrons.Active oxygen is directed toward the reversing along b axial period in tetrahedron, therefore forms big
Small fixed well is parallel to the open channel of chain, contains zeolite water in these channels.At octahedra edge, there are two hydrone and magnesium
Ions binding participates in octahedral coordination.Sepiolite has biggish specific surface area, can adsorb in channel and hole a large amount of
Water or polar substances, including low polar substances, therefore sepiolite has very strong adsorption capacity.MgO's contains quantitative change in sepiolite
Change and is filled with 90%~100% octahedral site in 21%~25%, Mg.Most of chemical constituent and structure of sepiolite is said
It is bright, there are enough cations in this mineral, 8 (7.74~8.14) octahedral sites can be filled up substantially.So sepiolite eight
Most of cations of face body position are all macrocations, therefore it there is repulsion to make the cationic chromium, cadmium, lead of heavy metal
With applied to there are limitations in soil conditioner.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides soil conditioner and preparation method thereof, solves technical problem 1) soil hardening, soil fertility decline, farming
The object underproduction；2) soil acidification is serious, biological activity of soil declines, soil-borne disease aggravates；3) content of beary metal is exceeded, endangers food
Safety；4) nitrogenous fertilizer supply is seriously asynchronous with crop demand.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
Soil conditioner, containing porous material, the porous material is handled through organic acid.
The porous adsorbing material is Mayan indigo plant, graphite, active carbon, diatomite, sepiolite and the difficult carbonization for melting metal
Two kinds of one of object, nitride, boride and silicide or arbitrary proportion and its more than.
The organic acid is gallic acid；Contain metal cation in the porous adsorbing material；The porous material is thin
Degree is 140~200 μm.
Preferably, the porous adsorbing material is sepiolite.
The preparation method of soil conditioner, follows the steps below:
After porous material, water and organic acid under certain condition mixed processing, through washing, to get soil tune after drying
Manage agent.
, the mass ratio of porous material, water and organic acid is 27~30:40~63:5~15.
The processing is ultrasonication.
Treatment temperature is 60~85 DEG C；The processing time is 1~6h；Wash water temperature be 40~85 DEG C, be washed to pH be 6.0~
7.5。
Ultrasonic frequency is 20~60KHz.
Invention has following advantageous effects:
1. the present invention reaches increasing crop yield, and ensure food safety by improving soil environment.
2. the application can make the gold in the anion cluster and porous adsorbing material in organic acid by modified with organic acids
Belong to cation to combine, change the charge of porous adsorbing material institute band, to improve its absorption to cation, such as H+、NH4 +、Cr3 +、Cd2+、Pb2+, to solve the problems, such as soil acidification, improve utilization rate of fertilizer and fixed heavy metal.
3. the adsorptivity that the application utilizes porous adsorbing material, thus it is possible to vary the porosity of soil improves the water conservation of soil
Fertilizer conservation performance.
4. the application uses gallic acid for modifying agent, gallic acid has the function of anti-bacteria and anti-virus, can inhibit native biography
The generation of disease.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific example.
Embodiment 1
Soil conditioner is the sepiolite handled through organic acid.
The organic acid is gallic acid；The sepiolite fineness is 160 μm.
The preparation method of soil conditioner, follows the steps below:
Sepiolite, water and gallic acid are subjected to ultrasonication, ultrasonic frequency 30KHz, treatment temperature is 75 DEG C；
The processing time is 2h, and being washed to pH is 6.8~7.0, to get soil conditioner after drying.
The mass ratio of sepiolite, water and gallic acid is 28:64:8.
Embodiment 2
Soil conditioner is sepiolite, humic acid, ammonium sulfate and mushroom residue through organic acid processing according to mass ratio 1:3:
The composition of 2:4.
The organic acid is the composition of gallic acid and citric acid according to mass ratio 3:1.
The preparation method of soil conditioner, follows the steps below:
Sepiolite, water and organic acid are subjected to ultrasonication, ultrasonic frequency 20KHz, treatment temperature is 80 DEG C；Place
The reason time is 3h, and being washed to pH is 6.5~6.8, to get soil tune after mixing after drying with humic acid, ammonium sulfate and mushroom residue
Manage agent.
The mass ratio of sepiolite, water and organic acid is 27:63:10.
Embodiment 3
Soil conditioner is diatomite, potassium sulfate, furfural dregs and mushroom residue through organic acid processing according to mass ratio 5:1:
The composition of 2:2, obtains after being granulated.
The organic acid is the composition of oxalic acid and citric acid according to mass ratio 4:1.
The preparation method of soil conditioner, follows the steps below:
Diatomite, water and organic acid are subjected to ultrasonication, ultrasonic frequency 40KHz, treatment temperature is 70 DEG C；Place
The reason time is 4h, and being washed to pH is 7.0~7.2, to get soil tune after mixing after drying with potassium sulfate, furfural dregs and mushroom residue
Manage agent.
The mass ratio of diatomite, water and organic acid is 30:58:12.
Embodiment 4
Soil conditioner contains the porous material handled through organic acid.
After porous material, water and organic acid are carried out ultrasonication, through washing, to get soil conditioner after drying.
Embodiment 5
Soil conditioner, containing the porous material handled through organic acid, the porous material be Mayan indigo plant and sepiolite by
According to the composition of mass ratio 3:2.
The organic acid is the composition of gallic acid, citric acid and malic acid according to mass ratio 3:1:1.
The preparation method of soil conditioner, follows the steps below:
Porous material, water and organic acid are subjected to ultrasonication, ultrasonic frequency 50KHz, treatment temperature is 60 DEG C；
The processing time is 1h, and being washed to pH is 6.8~7.2, to get soil conditioner after mixing after drying with monoammonium phosphate.
The mass ratio of sepiolite, water and organic acid is 29:63:8.
Embodiment 6
Soil conditioner is the sepiolite handled through organic acid.
The organic acid is gallic acid；The sepiolite fineness is 160 μm.
The preparation method of soil conditioner, follows the steps below:
By sepiolite, water and gallic acid revolving speed be 45r/min, temperature be 75 DEG C under the conditions of；The processing time is 2h, water
Being washed till pH is 6.8~7.0, to get soil conditioner after drying.
The mass ratio of sepiolite, water and gallic acid is 28:64:8.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated below with reference to experimental data:
Experiment one
1, material to be tested is tested
1 materials and methods:
1.1 test sites: University Of Yantai's analysis detection center.
1.2 experiment detections: specific surface area, density, bore dia (MZ axis), pH, NH4 +And Cd2+Concentration.
1.3 materials to be tested: blank (not acidified sepiolite), comparison 1 (in addition to organic acid changes sulfuric acid into, other preparations
Method is consistent with embodiment 1) and embodiment 1.
1.4 examination criterias: specific surface area is according to the GB/T 2922-1982 " measurement of chemical reagent chromosorb specific surface area
Method " detection, density is using oil extraction method ρ=m/V (m representative species quality, V representative species volume in formula)；Bore dia uses
30000 times of Electronic Speculum detections；PH is detected as respectively by 2g blank (not acidified sepiolite), comparison 1 (except organic acid changes sulfuric acid into
Outside, other preparation methods are consistent with embodiment 1) and embodiment 1 be added to 100ml, in the aqueous solution that pH is 3.2, stand 1h,
PH is detected respectively；NH4 +And Cd2+Concentration uses the detection method of Atomic absorption, configures NH4 +For the solution of 1g/L, 3 beakers are taken,
It respectively falls 100ml in each beaker, is respectively put into 2g blank (not acidified sepiolite), comparison 1 (except organic acid changes sulfuric acid into
Outside, other preparation methods are consistent with embodiment) and embodiment 1,1h is stood, the NH in solution is detected4 +, configure Cd2+For
The solution of 0.01g/L, takes 3 beakers, respectively falls 100ml in each beaker, be respectively put into 2g blank (not acidified sepiolite),
1 (in addition to organic acid changes sulfuric acid into, other preparation methods are consistent with embodiment 1) and embodiment 1 are compared, 1h is stood, is detected molten
Cd2 in liquid+。
In addition to detection substance is different, other detection modes are consistent for this experiment.
2 results and analysis
Specific surface area, volume and viscosity measurements are as a result, be shown in Table 1.
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, embodiment 1 reduces the specific surface area of attapulgite compared with blank, expands the straight of hole
Diameter, density also slightly reduce；Embodiment 1 is compared with comparison 1, large specific surface area, and bore dia is big, and reason may be sulfuric acid acid
Property it is excessively high, dissolve sepiolite octahedral sheet, octahedral sheet loses support, structure division is caused to collapse, and specific surface area is small, Kong Jie
Though structure has expansion, also smaller than embodiment 1；By pH, NH4 +And Cd2+Concentration data compares as can be seen that blank is to pH, NH4 +With
Cd2+Numerical value substantially without influence, using the comparison 1 of inorganic acid sulfuric acid treatment, though the influence that has an impact is little；Using 45r/
6 effect of embodiment of min is also obviously not so good as the application.
It can be seen that the application is modified the sepiolite containing metal cation by organic acid, sea can be increased
Absorption of the afrodite to cation has very big buffer function to acidity, can prevent soil acidification；Meanwhile to cationic NH4 +
Absorption, cationic fixation can be made, prevent salt in soil excessive, cause the soil salinization；It is seen by the absorption to heavy metal
Out, the application can further fix heavy metal, prevent the murder by poisoning of heavy metal on plants, while being also prevented from heavy metal and being inhaled by crop
After receipts, the heavy metals exceeding standard of crop, and then jeopardize food safety.
Experiment two
1 materials and methods:
1.1 test sites: University Of Yantai's analysis detection center.
1.2 experiment detections: soil porosity and moisture content.
1.3 materials to be tested: embodiment 1, blank (soil conditioner is not added), comparison 1 (sepiolite in addition to not acidified,
Other preparation methods are consistent with embodiment 1) and comparison 2 (in addition to organic acid changes sulfuric acid into, other preparation methods and embodiment 1
It is consistent).
1.4 detection methods: by embodiment 1, blank (soil conditioner is not added), comparison 1, (sepiolite is not except acidified
Outside, other preparation methods are consistent with embodiment 1) and comparison 2 (in addition to organic acid changes sulfuric acid into, other preparation methods and implementation
Example is consistent) respectively with etc. the soil of weight mixed according to mass ratio 2:10, account for the water of total weight 60% after mixing is added, be put in
Indoor standing one day carries out soil moisture content and porosity detection.
Soil moisture content detection-oven drying method
3g soil mixture is weighed, is put in crucible, is put into 105 DEG C of baking ovens and is dried, drying to constant weight, calculates soil
Earth moisture content.
Soil porosity detection
With cutting ring (60cm3) soil mixture is taken, mixture is put in 105 DEG C of baking ovens, drying to constant weight, tests 3 times
More than, it is averaged.
As a result it calculates: ρb=s/v
In formula, ρbThe soil weight, dry ground weight in g/cm s- cutting ring, g V- cutting ring volume are 60cm3
Total porosity=(1- bulk density/density) × 100%
Soil density takes average density value 2.65g/cm when calculating.
In addition to detection substance is different, other detection modes are consistent for this experiment.
2 results and analysis
Soil moisture content and porosity testing result, are shown in Table 2
Table 2
| Sample | Soil moisture content (%) | Soil porosity (%) |
| Embodiment 1 | 43 | 64.2 |
| Blank | 36 | 59.3 |
| Comparison 1 | 39 | 60.2 |
| Comparison 2 | 41 | 62.6 |
Experiment three
1 materials and methods:
1.1 test sites: 4 mu of experimental plots in Yantai Fushan District is returned, per acre seeding corn kind 3.2kg.
1.2 experiment kinds: grand flat 206.
1.3 experiment detections: average number of grain per ear, every Ear weight, mass of 1000 kernel, per mu yield, volume increase simultaneously record corn growth mistake
Journey situation.
1.4 materials to be tested: embodiment 1, blank (soil conditioner is not added), comparison 1 (sepiolite in addition to not acidified,
Other preparation methods are consistent with embodiment 1), (in addition to organic acid changes sulfuric acid into, other preparation methods and embodiment 1 are equal for comparison 2
It unanimously) is provided with 25-11-11 compound fertilizer, compound fertilizer by bright Feng Nongye (Yantai) Co., Ltd, be manured into soil conditioner per acre
100kg。
1.5 experimental methods: fertilizer and soil conditioner together base being imposed in soil, is sowed after site preparation, base fertilising
Material is 50kg.
In addition to handling difference, other conditions are consistent for this experiment.
2 experimental results, are shown in Table 3
Table 3
As can be seen from Table 3, the application can improve corn quality, increase yield, meanwhile, the application can also effectively press down
Disinfect pathogen processed.
Claims (9)
1. soil conditioner contains porous material, which is characterized in that the porous material is handled through organic acid.
2. soil conditioner as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the porous adsorbing material is Mayan indigo plant, graphite, activity
Charcoal, diatomite, sepiolite and hardly possible melt one of carbide, nitride, boride and silicide of metal or arbitrary proportion
Two kinds and its more than.
3. soil conditioner as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the organic acid is gallic acid；The porous suction
Contain metal cation in enclosure material；The porous material fineness is 140~200 μm.
4. soil conditioner as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the porous adsorbing material is sepiolite.
5. the preparation method of soil conditioner, which is characterized in that follow the steps below:
After porous material, water and organic acid under certain condition mixed processing, through washing, to get soil conditioner after drying.
6. soil conditioner as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the mass ratio of porous material, water and organic acid is 27~
30:40~63:5~15.
7. the preparation method of soil conditioner as described in claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that the processing is ultrasonication.
8. the preparation method of soil conditioner as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that treatment temperature is 60~85 DEG C；Processing
Time is 1~6h；Washing water temperature is 40~85 DEG C, and being washed to pH is 6.0~7.5.
9. the preparation method of soil conditioner as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that ultrasonic frequency is 20~60KHz.
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| CN201910074967.7A CN109705877A (en) | 2019-01-25 | 2019-01-25 | Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100866341B1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2008-10-31 | 주식회사 동창일라이트 | A manufacturing method for soil conditioner using illite and natural organosulfur compounds |
| CN106085444A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 佛山市聚成生化技术研发有限公司 | The preparation method of a kind of soil improvement chelating agen reducing Lead In Soil content and prepared soil improvement chelating agen |
-
2019
- 2019-01-25 CN CN201910074967.7A patent/CN109705877A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100866341B1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2008-10-31 | 주식회사 동창일라이트 | A manufacturing method for soil conditioner using illite and natural organosulfur compounds |
| CN106085444A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 佛山市聚成生化技术研发有限公司 | The preparation method of a kind of soil improvement chelating agen reducing Lead In Soil content and prepared soil improvement chelating agen |
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| GEORGE WYPYCH: "《填料手册》", 31 October 2002, 中国石化出版社 * |
| 中国环境科学学会: "《中国环境科学学会学术年会论文集2011》", 31 December 2011, 中国环境科学出版社 * |
| 张凌 等: "《分析化学》", 31 July 2016, 中国中医药出版社 * |
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