CN108046955A - A kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent and preparation method thereof.Heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent provided by the invention includes the component of following parts by weight：12 parts of urea, 68 parts of calcium superphosphate, 12 parts of potassium chloride, 46 parts of lime, 0.4 0.6 parts of wood vinegar, 70 74 parts of charcoal, 14 18 parts of flyash.Each component cooperates under specific proportioning, acts synergistically, and plays the role of increasing soil fertility and crop yield, reduction crop cadmium content are enriched with.Flyash, charcoal, wood vinegar and common fertilizer are used cooperatively, and are conducive to nutrient holding, are extended fertilizer efficiency, are promoted absorption of the crop to nutrient, are increased crop yield；Lime is used cooperatively with flyash charcoal, and heavy metal cadmium can be effectively fixed in charcoal and flyash, effectively reduces cadmium content in crop.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent and its
Preparation method.
Background technology
With China's industrialization and the accelerated development of urbanization, the heavy metal pollutions such as cadmium are more and more tighter in China's agricultural land soil
Heavy, there are pollution range is wide, the duration is long, pollution is hidden and can not be biodegradable, simultaneously for the heavy metal pollutions such as cadmium in soil
The features such as being in vivo enriched with by food chain, in turn results in the exceeded situation of the agricultural product such as Cd-polluted farmland rice.
At present, heavy metal pollution of soil master recovery technique to be applied has immobilization/stabilization technology and vitrification,
Wherein, immobilization/stabilization technology is to soil application heavy metal repair materials, by changing soil pH value and heavy metal element
Chemical form and occurrence status in the soil increase absorption point position and heavy metal ion and the other components of soil are promoted to include repairing
The processes such as the co-precipitation of multiple material make heavy metal-polluted soil biologically effective state be converted into the not available form of biology, so as to inhibit
Heavy metal migration in the soil and biological effectiveness reduce heavy metal contaminants to the toxicity of environmental organism, reach reparation
The purpose of heavy-metal contaminated soil.For example, Chinese patent literature CN106995704A discloses a kind of repairing heavy metal pollution soil
The renovation agent of earth, is counted in parts by weight, including 30-60 parts of biomass carbon, 2-7 parts of calcium carbonate, 3-6 parts of dolomite, bentonite 4-6
Part, 2-5 parts of wood vinegar, 0.2-1 parts of Trichoderma.This method is easy to operate, of low cost, and biomass carbon and Trichoderma are mixed and matched somebody with somebody
System, this method can make the certain fertility of soil restoration, and the content of organic matter increases, but there is also some problems, first Trichoderma
Wait microorganism fungus kinds use, to consider microorganism growth period, the species of heavy metal ion, concentration, dissolubility, toxicity and
The influence of many factors such as environmental condition (such as pH and temperature) is limited in application by many conditions；Secondly, using heavy metal
Manually or mechanically operation adds the input of agriculture production cost for repair materials and repair materials, due to agriculture production benefit
Itself is relatively low, and the heavy metal repair materials using single effect are difficult that peasant is mobilized actively to join in arable land heavy metal pollution reparation
Improvement, and soil fertility cannot be guaranteed.From the point of view of agricultural production practice, optimal soil remediation material should
It is the ecological functions that can either keep soil, the fertility of soil is provided, and can effectively hinders the pollutants such as control heavy metal into food
Object chain.Therefore, develop it is a kind of can restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal and the reparation modifying agent that can increase soil fertility be to realize
The key point repaired in production of soil.For example, Chinese patent literature CN107318548A discloses one kind in cadmium pollution
Soil safety produces the method for rice, and specifically discloses that it selects urea for nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorus ammonium is phosphate fertilizer, potassium sulfate is potash fertilizer,
It weighs respectively, the effective content that the amount of application for making N P and K is respectively N is 11kg/ mus, P2O5Effective content be 6kg/ mus, K2O
Effective content be 6kg/ mus.40% urea, 40% potassium sulfate and 100% phosphate fertilizer are applied into paddy soil as base fertilizer,
Then by lime 150kg/ mus be uniformly sprinkling upon in paddy soil, and turning over makes soil be contacted with the abundant mixing of passivator, 3-5 days
After carry out shoot transplanting equipment, after rice enters tillering stage, apply remaining urea and potassium sulfate, and sprayed in blooming stage to rice
Ferrous sulfate.Although this method can reduce cadmium content in rice, improve yield, method of administration is complicated.
The content of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome heavy-metal contaminated soil renovation agent work(of the prior art
Can be single, use condition is limited, method of administration is complicated the defects of, so as to provide a kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent
And preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent includes the component of following parts by weight：1-2 parts of urea, peroxophosphoric acid
6-8 parts of calcium, 1-2 parts of potassium chloride, 4-6 parts of lime, 0.4-0.6 parts of wood vinegar, 70-74 parts of charcoal, 14-18 parts of flyash.
Preferably, the component of following parts by weight is included：1.8 parts of urea, 7 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1.3 parts of potassium chloride, lime 5
Part, 0.5 part of wood vinegar, 72 parts of charcoal, 16 parts of flyash.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent, comprises the following steps：
(1) urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, lime, charcoal, flyash are ground respectively, cross 40-60 mesh sieves,
Wood vinegar water distribution is mixed evenly again with other material, until moisture content is 1.5-2.5wt%, obtains mixed material；
(2) mixed material is granulated, it is dry to get the heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent.
Further, the drying in step (2) is natural air drying or less than 35 DEG C drying.
Further, the preparation method of the charcoal be using agricultural stalk as raw material, in anaerobic environment, 400-700
DEG C pyrolysis 4-6h be made.
Further, cracking gas of the wood vinegar through being generated in agricultural stalk cracking process condenses to obtain.
Further, it is 3-5mm that grain size is controlled in granulation process.
In order to increase the mouldability of fertilizer, in granulation process can also according to technique or use demand addition accordingly into
Type auxiliary agent or binding agent etc..
In order to further improve the suction-operated to heavy metal cadmium, cadmium content in crop is reduced, the present invention also provides in addition
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned heavy metal cadmium soil-repairing agent, concretely comprises the following steps：
(1) calcium oxide is mixed with water, wherein the mass ratio of calcium oxide and water is 1:Then 6-8 is mixed with charcoal
Even, dry, grinding crosses 40-60 mesh sieves, obtains mixed material A；
(2) urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, flyash are ground respectively, cross 40-60 mesh sieves, wood vinegar water distribution is again
It is mixed evenly with other logistics, until moisture content is 1.5-2.5wt%, obtains mixed material B；
(3) mixed material B is granulated, it is dry to get the heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent.
In this method, calcium oxide is pre-mixed with water, is reacted to obtain calcium hydroxide, then be mixed with charcoal, will
Calcium hydroxide is dispersed in biomass carbon, in use, the heavy metals such as effective cadmium of ionic state are converted into hydroxide by calcium hydroxide
The heavy metal precipitation object of the invalid state such as object, and then be affixed directly in charcoal, while charcoal also has an absorption available state huge sum of money
Belong to the effect of cadmium, finally so that heavy metal cadmium is not migrating substantially in the soil, so as to further reduce the cadmium in crop
Content.
In order to avoid calcium hydroxide is dispersed in charcoal, the adsorption capacity of charcoal is influenced, big ratio can be used in charcoal
The biomass carbon of surface area, big pore volume.
When being used in farmland, first by Soil tillage, then heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields
Upper soll layer, it is even to the topsoil rake of 0-20cm by artificial or rotary cultivator, change heavy metal cadmium soil remediation
Good dose with topsoil mixing, keep the normal water balance in field one week or so can Planting Crops, other field management
It is consistent with normal agricultural production.
According to crop species during use, turned over for 500~700kg/ mus or so by heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent
It is applied during the basal dressing of field.
Technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages that：
1. heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent provided by the invention, method of administration is simple, need not timing in batches
Using.Urea used, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride are agricultural fertilizer material, can provide nutrient needed for soil, promote plant growth；
Charcoal is rich in micropore, and large specific surface area is respectively provided with very strong suction-operated to the heavy metals various forms such as cadmium, while can change
Good soil texture effectively preserves moisture and nutriment, can also increase soil fertility；Flyash can reduce soil bulk density,
Increase soil porosity, be conducive to adsorb heavy metal and avoid the hardened of argillaceous soil, so as to improve the heat insulating ability of soil, thoroughly
Aqueous and gas permeability is conducive to the survival of Soil Microorganism, the transmission of nutrient and conversion, promotes plant growth etc., for acid
Property soil, flyash can be used as pH adjusting agent, soil be made to be suitable for the growth of crop；Wood vinegar is to soil pH, soil texture
And soil organic matter has preferable influence, promotes plant growth；Lime can not only improve the pH value of soil, moreover it is possible to by ion
The heavy metals such as effective cadmium of state are converted into the heavy metal precipitation object of the invalid state such as hydroxide, and heavy metal precipitation object is in the soil
Transfer ability is weak, so as to reduce the available heavy metal content in soil, is not easy to be absorbed by crops, in addition, calcium superphosphate
Heavy metal precipitation object, which can be formed, with heavy metal reduces its transfer ability.
Heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent provided by the invention, each component are cooperated under specific proportioning, assisted
Same-action, plays the role of increasing soil fertility and crop yield, reduction crop cadmium content are enriched with.Flyash, charcoal, wooden vinegar
Liquid is used cooperatively with common fertilizer, is conducive to nutrient holding, is extended fertilizer efficiency, promotes absorption of the crop to nutrient, and produce are made in increase
Amount；Lime is used cooperatively with flyash charcoal, and heavy metal cadmium can be effectively fixed in charcoal and flyash, is effectively dropped
Cadmium content in low crop.
2. heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent provided by the invention is repaiied using heavy metal cadmium soil of the present invention
Multiple modifying agent is conducive to improve agricultural land soil fertilizer efficiency, improves crop yield.It is applied in the planting process of rice, applies
The rice cadmium content that the modifying agent that embodiment 4 is formulated obtains is 0.15mg/kg, and being handled than blank control reduces 0.09mg/kg,
The range of decrease 37.5% reduces 0.1mg/kg than the processing of comparative example 1, and the range of decrease 40% reduces 0.07mg/kg, the range of decrease than the processing of comparative example 2
28.6%, reduce 0.07mg/kg, the range of decrease 31.8% than the processing of comparative example 3.Product of the present invention shows one on Cd-polluted farmland
The more satisfactory heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent of kind.Significantly reduce heavy metal cadmium to rice be enriched with the problem of,
And soil of having increased fertilizer, rice yield is improved, application prospect is boundless.
Specific embodiment
Below by the detail of the example in detail present invention, but it is not the further explanation to the present invention.For side
Just illustrate, Uniform provisions 10kg is 1 parts by weight in the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example.
Embodiment 1
A kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent includes the component of following parts by weight：1 part of urea, calcium superphosphate 8
Part, 1 part of potassium chloride, 6 parts of lime, 0.4 part of wood vinegar, 70 parts of charcoal, 18 parts of flyash.Its preparation method is：(1) with wheat
Charcoal is made for raw material in stalk when 700 DEG C of anoxic pyrolysis 4 is small in retort, charcoal takes 40- using being ground up, sieved
The sample of 60 mesh.Meanwhile stalk can generate the volatile matter feeding cooler that pyrolysis escapes in cracking process and carry out cooling collection
Condensed fluid can be obtained, that is, obtains wood vinegar, cooling temperature is room temperature.(2) urea of outsourcing, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, lime warp
40-60 mesh sieve is crossed after crossing grinding, obtains sample.Flyash derives from power plant, and the direct 40-60 mesh sieve of crossing of flyash obtains sample
Product.(3) urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, lime, charcoal, the flyash obtained is uniformly mixed by each group distribution ratio,
Wood vinegar water distribution is mixed evenly again with other material, until moisture content is 2.5wt%, is then carried out again using disc-type granulating machine
It is granulated and takes out, the heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent for the grain size 3-5mm that natural air drying obtains.
Embodiment 2
A kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent includes the component of following parts by weight：2 parts of urea, calcium superphosphate 6
Part, 2 parts of potassium chloride, 4 parts of lime, 0.6 part of wood vinegar, 74 parts of charcoal, 14 parts of flyash.Its preparation method is：(1) with corn
Charcoal is made for raw material in stalk when 400 DEG C of anoxic pyrolysis 6 is small in retort, charcoal takes 40- using being ground up, sieved
The sample of 60 mesh.Meanwhile stalk can generate the volatile matter feeding cooler that pyrolysis escapes in cracking process and carry out cooling collection
Condensed fluid can be obtained, that is, obtains wood vinegar, cooling temperature is room temperature.(2) urea of outsourcing, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, lime warp
40-60 mesh sieve is crossed after crossing grinding, obtains sample.Flyash derives from power plant, and the direct 40-60 mesh sieve of crossing of flyash obtains sample
Product.(3) urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, lime, charcoal, the flyash obtained is uniformly mixed by each group distribution ratio,
Wood vinegar water distribution is mixed evenly again with other material, until moisture content is 1.5wt%, is then carried out again using disc-type granulating machine
It is granulated and takes out, the heavy metal cadmium soil remediation improvement for the grain size 3-5mm being dried to obtain in 35 DEG C of constant temperature blast drying ovens
Agent.
Embodiment 3
A kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent includes the component of following parts by weight：1.8 parts of urea, peroxophosphoric acid
7 parts of calcium, 1.3 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of lime, 0.5 part of wood vinegar, 72 parts of charcoal, 16 parts of flyash.Its preparation method is：(1)
Charcoal is made when 600 DEG C of retort anoxic pyrolysis 5 is small using rice straw as raw material, and charcoal is taken using being ground up, sieved
The sample of 40-60 mesh.Meanwhile stalk can generate the volatile matter feeding cooler that pyrolysis escapes in cracking process and carry out cooling receipts
Collection can obtain condensed fluid, that is, obtain wood vinegar, cooling temperature is room temperature.(2) urea of outsourcing, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, lime
40-60 mesh sieve is crossed after grinding, obtains sample.Flyash derives from power plant, and the direct 40-60 mesh sieve of crossing of flyash obtains
Sample.(3) urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, lime, charcoal, the flyash obtained by each group distribution ratio mix
Even, wood vinegar water distribution is mixed evenly again with other material, until moisture content be 2wt%, then again using disc-type granulating machine into
Row, which is granulated, to be taken out, and the heavy metal cadmium soil remediation for the grain size 3-5mm being dried to obtain in 35 DEG C of constant temperature blast drying ovens changes
Good dose.
Embodiment 4
A kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent includes the component of following parts by weight：1.5 parts of urea, peroxophosphoric acid
7 parts of calcium, 1.5 parts of potassium chloride, 5.5 parts of lime, 0.5 part of wood vinegar, 73 parts of charcoal, 15 parts of flyash.Its preparation method is：
(1) charcoal is made when 500 DEG C of pyrolysis 5 of anoxic are small in retort using rice straw as raw material, charcoal is using grinding
Sieving takes the sample of 40-60 mesh.Meanwhile stalk can generate the volatile matter feeding cooler progress of pyrolysis effusion in cracking process
Cooling, which is collected, can obtain condensed fluid, that is, obtain wood vinegar, cooling temperature is room temperature.(2) urea of outsourcing, calcium superphosphate, chlorination
Potassium, lime cross 40-60 mesh sieve after grinding, obtain sample.Flyash derives from power plant, and flyash directly crosses 40-60 mesh
Sieve obtains sample.(3) urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, lime, charcoal, the flyash obtained is carried out by each group distribution ratio
It is uniformly mixed, wood vinegar water distribution is mixed evenly again with other material, until moisture content is 2wt%, is then made again using disc type
Grain machine carries out granulation taking-up, the heavy metal cadmium soil for the grain size 3-5mm being dried to obtain in 35 DEG C of constant temperature blast drying ovens
Repair modifying agent.
Embodiment 5
A kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent includes the component of following parts by weight：1.8 parts of urea, peroxophosphoric acid
7 parts of calcium, 1.3 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of lime, 0.5 part of wood vinegar, 72 parts of charcoal, 16 parts of flyash.Its preparation method is：(1)
Charcoal is made when 600 DEG C of anoxic pyrolysis 5 is small in retort using rice straw as raw material, and charcoal is using being ground up, sieved
Take the sample of 40-60 mesh.Meanwhile stalk can generate the volatile matter feeding cooler that pyrolysis escapes in cracking process and be cooled down
Collection can obtain condensed fluid, that is, obtain wood vinegar, cooling temperature is room temperature.(2) urea of outsourcing, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, stone
Ash crosses 40-60 mesh sieve after grinding, obtains sample.Flyash derives from power plant, and the direct 40-60 mesh sieve of crossing of flyash obtains
To sample.(3) calcium oxide is mixed with water, wherein the mass ratio of calcium oxide and water is 1:7, then it is uniformly mixed with charcoal,
Dry, grinding crosses 40-60 mesh sieves, obtains mixed material A, then mixed in proportion with urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, flyash
Uniformly, wood vinegar water distribution is mixed evenly again with unclassified stores, until moisture content is 2wt%, obtains mixed material B；It (4) will mixing
Material B is granulated, dry to get the heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent.
Embodiment 6
A kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent includes the component of following parts by weight：1 part of urea, calcium superphosphate 8
Part, 1 part of potassium chloride, 6 parts of lime, 0.4 part of wood vinegar, 70 parts of charcoal, 18 parts of flyash.Its preparation method is：(1) with rice
Charcoal is made for raw material in stalk when 700 DEG C of anoxic pyrolysis 4 is small in retort, charcoal takes 40- using being ground up, sieved
The sample of 60 mesh.Meanwhile stalk can generate the volatile matter feeding cooler that pyrolysis escapes in cracking process and carry out cooling collection
Condensed fluid can be obtained, that is, obtains wood vinegar, cooling temperature is room temperature.(2) urea of outsourcing, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride are by grinding
40-60 mesh sieve is crossed after mill, obtains sample.Flyash derives from power plant, and the direct 40-60 mesh sieve of crossing of flyash obtains sample.
(3) calcium oxide is mixed with water, wherein the mass ratio of calcium oxide and water is 1:6, then it is uniformly mixed with charcoal, it is dry, it grinds
Mill crosses 40-60 mesh sieves, obtains mixed material A, then mixed in proportion with urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, flyash, wood
Vinegar liquid water distribution is mixed evenly again with other material, until moisture content is 2.5wt%, obtains mixed material B；(4) by mixed material B into
Row is granulated, dry to get the heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent.
Embodiment 7
A kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent includes the component of following parts by weight：2 parts of urea, calcium superphosphate 6
Part, 2 parts of potassium chloride, 4 parts of lime, 0.6 part of wood vinegar, 74 parts of charcoal, 14 parts of flyash.Its preparation method is：(1) with rice
Charcoal is made for raw material in stalk when 400 DEG C of anoxic pyrolysis 6 is small in retort, charcoal takes 40- using being ground up, sieved
The sample of 60 mesh.Meanwhile stalk can generate the volatile matter feeding cooler that pyrolysis escapes in cracking process and carry out cooling collection
Condensed fluid can be obtained, that is, obtains wood vinegar, cooling temperature is room temperature.(2) urea of outsourcing, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride are by grinding
40-60 mesh sieve is crossed after mill, obtains sample.Flyash derives from power plant, and the direct 40-60 mesh sieve of crossing of flyash obtains sample.
(3) calcium oxide is mixed with water, wherein the mass ratio of calcium oxide and water is 1:8, then it is uniformly mixed with charcoal, it is dry, it grinds
Mill crosses 40-60 mesh sieves, obtains mixed material A, then mixed in proportion with urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, flyash, wood
Vinegar liquid water distribution is mixed evenly again with other material, until moisture content is 1.5wt%, obtains mixed material B；(4) by mixed material B into
Row is granulated, dry to get the heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent.
Comparative example 1
A kind of fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight：1.8 parts of urea, 7 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1.3 parts of potassium chloride.It is made
Preparation Method is：The urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride of outsourcing after grinding are crossed into 40-60 mesh sieve, are then uniformly mixed, then
Water is added to stir to water content about 2wt%, granulation taking-up is then carried out using disc-type granulating machine again, in 35 DEG C of constant temperature forced air dryings
The fertilizer for the grain size 3-5mm being dried to obtain in case.
Comparative example 2
A kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent includes the component of following parts by weight：1.8 parts of urea, peroxophosphoric acid
7 parts of calcium, 1.3 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of lime, 72 parts of charcoal, 16 parts of flyash.Its preparation method is：(1) using rice straw as
Charcoal is made when the 600 DEG C of pyrolysis 5 of retort anoxic are small in raw material, and charcoal takes the sample of 40-60 mesh using being ground up, sieved
Product.(2) urea of outsourcing, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride cross 40-60 mesh sieve after grinding, obtain sample.Flyash derives from
Power plant, the direct 40-60 mesh sieve of crossing of flyash obtain sample.(3) urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, lime, the biology obtained
Charcoal, flyash are uniformly mixed by each group distribution ratio, stirring are then added water to water content about 2wt%, then again using circle
Pan-type pelletizer carries out granulation taking-up, and the heavy metal cadmium for the grain size 3-5mm being dried to obtain in 35 DEG C of constant temperature blast drying ovens is dirty
Contaminate soil remediation modifying agent.
Comparative example 3
A kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent includes the component of following parts by weight：1.8 parts of urea, peroxophosphoric acid
7 parts of calcium, 1.3 parts of potassium chloride, 88 parts of flyash.Its preparation method is：By the urea of outsourcing, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, by grinding
40-60 mesh sieve is crossed after mill, obtains sample.Flyash derives from power plant, and the direct 40-60 mesh sieve of crossing of flyash obtains sample.
Obtained urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, flyash by each group distribution ratio are uniformly mixed, then add water stirring extremely
Then water content about 2wt% carries out granulation taking-up using disc-type granulating machine again, dry in 35 DEG C of constant temperature blast drying ovens
The heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent of the grain size 3-5mm arrived.
Field information is tested
In order to compare heavy metal soil remediation modifying agent made from different formulations to the effect of rice yield and rice cadmium content
The embodiment of the present application and the preparation-obtained soil remediation modifying agent of comparative example are applied to late rice in 2016 and planted by fruit, applicant
In.Influence of the different heavy metal soil remediation improvement agent prescriptions to late rice yield is shown in Table 1, and the influence to cadmium content in late rice is shown in Table
2。
Influence (2016 year) of the different heavy metal soil remediation improvement agent prescriptions of table 1. to late rice yield
Result of the test shows (table 1)：Different formulations processing plays positive facilitation to the raising of rice yield.
Embodiment 1-7 processing after late rice yield it is higher, mainly due in formula contain charcoal, flyash and wood vinegar, wood vinegar pair
Soil pH, soil texture and soil organic matter have preferable influence, promote paddy growth, and charcoal is rich in micropore, not only
Organic matter content in soil can be supplemented, moisture and nutriment can also be effectively preserved, increase soil fertility, be conducive to paddy growth
So as to improve rice yield, while flyash can reduce soil bulk density, increase soil porosity, so as to improving soil
Heat insulating ability, water penetration and gas permeability are conducive to the survival of Soil Microorganism, the transmission of nutrient and conversion, promote plant growth
Deng on the other hand, the presence of heavy metal cadmium ion can influence absorption of the rice to nutritional ingredient, and the application is steady by cadmium metal ion
Fixed is fixed in charcoal, and then promotes absorption of the rice to nutrient, increases yield.It is obtained using the modifying agent of embodiment 4
Rice yield, up to 7389.13kg/hm2, it is higher 1598.08kg/hm than blank control2, amplification 27.6% handles than comparative example 1
High 1263.64kg/hm2, amplification 20.6% handles high 493.66kg/hm than comparative example 22, amplification 7.16%, at comparative example 3
Manage high 1278.08kg/hm2, amplification 20.91%.Highest rice yield is obtained using the modifying agent of embodiment 5, up to
7415.23kg/hm2, high 26.1kg/hm is handled than embodiment 42。
2 different soils of table improves influence of the agent prescription to rice cadmium content
| Formula processing | Late Cd concentration of brown rice (mg/kg) |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.17 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.16 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.15 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.15 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.12 |
| Embodiment 6 | 0.13 |
| Embodiment 7 | 0.13 |
| CK | 0.24 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.25 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.21 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.22 |
Result of the test shows (table 2)：Different formulations processing has preferable effect to the reduction of rice cadmium content.To implement
Example 1-7 processing obtain rice cadmium content it is relatively low, mainly due in formula contain charcoal, flyash and lime, quick lime
The pH value of soil can not only be improved, moreover it is possible to which effective cadmium of ionic state is converted into the cadmium sediment of the invalid state such as cadmium hydroxide, cadmium
The transfer ability of sediment in the soil is weak, so as to reduce the available Cd content in soil；Charcoal is fine and closely woven porous, compares table
Area is big, and heavy metal cadmium various forms are respectively provided with very strong suction-operated, at the same flyash can reduce soil bulk density,
Increase soil porosity, be conducive to adsorb heavy metal, cadmium is not easy to be absorbed by plant in soil under synergy, is conducive to drop
Low Cadmium in Soil is enriched with into rice and rice, and the rice cadmium content that the modifying agent being formulated using embodiment 4 obtains is 0.15mg/
Kg, being handled than blank control reduces 0.09mg/kg, the range of decrease 37.5%, and being handled than comparative example 1 reduces 0.1mg/kg, the range of decrease 40%,
0.07mg/kg is reduced than the processing of comparative example 2, the range of decrease 28.6% reduces 0.07mg/kg, the range of decrease 31.8% than the processing of comparative example 3.
The rice cadmium content that the modifying agent being formulated using embodiment 5 obtains is minimum, and 0.03mg/kg, the range of decrease are reduced than the processing of embodiment 4
20%.
It in summary it can be seen, be conducive to improve using heavy metal soil remediation modifying agent made from 1-5 of the embodiment of the present invention
Rice yield reduces the effect of rice cadmium content.From the data comparison of embodiment 3 and comparative example 2, a small amount of wood vinegar can
Significantly reduce cadmium content in rice, further illustrate, the embodiment of the present invention formula in each component urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride,
Lime, wood vinegar, charcoal, flyash can cooperate under specific proportioning, act synergistically, and play and increase soil fertility and water
Rice yield reduces the enrichment of rice cadmium content.From embodiment 4, the data of embodiment 5, in advance will in preparation process
Calcium oxide is mixed with charcoal, can also substantially reduce cadmium content in crop.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and is not intended to limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious variation thus extended out or
Among changing still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent, which is characterized in that include the component of following parts by weight：Urea 1-2
Part, 6-8 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1-2 parts of potassium chloride, 4-6 parts of lime, 0.4-0.6 parts of wood vinegar, 70-74 parts of charcoal, flyash
14-18 parts.
2. heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including following parts by weight
Component：1.8 parts of urea, 7 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1.3 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of lime, 0.5 part of wood vinegar, 72 parts of charcoal, fine coal
16 parts of ash.
3. heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to crop during use
Species applies 500~700kg/ mus when turning over field basal dressing.
4. a kind of preparation method of claim 1-3 any one of them heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent, feature
It is, comprises the following steps：
(1) urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, lime, charcoal, flyash are ground respectively, cross 40-60 mesh sieves, wooden vinegar
Liquid water distribution is mixed evenly again with other material, until moisture content is 1.5-2.5wt%, obtains mixed material；
(2) mixed material is granulated, it is dry to get the heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent.
5. the preparation method of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step
(2) drying in is natural air drying or less than 35 DEG C drying.
6. the preparation method of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
The preparation method of charcoal is using agricultural stalk as raw material, and in anaerobic environment, 400-700 DEG C of pyrolysis 4-6h is made.
7. the preparation method of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
Cracking gas of the wood vinegar through being generated in agricultural stalk cracking process condenses to obtain.
8. the preparation method of heavy metal cadmium soil remediation modifying agent according to claim 4, which is characterized in that be granulated
It is 3-5mm to control grain size in the process.
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| CN108794177A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-13 | 湖北欣鼎交通设施有限公司 | A kind of tea garden soil modifying agent and its application |
| CN108929702A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-04 | 盐城英贝吉环保科技有限公司 | A kind of cadmium pollution combined soil renovation agent and preparation method |
| CN108949180A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-07 | 盐城英贝吉环保科技有限公司 | A kind of cadmium nickel contamination soil-repairing agent and preparation method |
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Application publication date: 20180518 |