CN109702499A - A kind of guide rail locking apparatus and lathe - Google Patents
A kind of guide rail locking apparatus and lathe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109702499A CN109702499A CN201910146498.5A CN201910146498A CN109702499A CN 109702499 A CN109702499 A CN 109702499A CN 201910146498 A CN201910146498 A CN 201910146498A CN 109702499 A CN109702499 A CN 109702499A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- guide rail
- lever assembly
- locking
- fixed part
- lever
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003578 releasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Machine Tool Units (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of guide rail locking apparatus and lathes, comprising: fixed part, guide rail, movement portion, lever assembly and latch.Guide rail is set on fixed part.Movement portion is set on guide rail.The first end of lever assembly is connected with movement portion.The first end and fixed part of latch are connected.The second end of latch stretches out in fixed part, and is set between movement portion and the second end of lever assembly.When movement portion needs to lock, the second end of latch is clamped by the second end of lever assembly and movement portion, so that movement portion and fixed part are relatively fixed.By the way that lever assembly, latch, fixed part is arranged, so that locking load clamps latch by the lever assembly that is fixed on movable part from acting on guide rail and be transformed to, the other end of latch is fixed on fixed part simultaneously, to realize stationary state of the movable part relative to guide rail and fixed part, locking load is shifted, is avoided due to locking state to the damage of guide rail body and the influence of kinematic accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machinery, and particularly relates to a guide rail locking device and a machine tool.
Background
As the guide rail for bearing and guiding, the motion precision is the most critical index in the use process of the machine tool field. This requires that the guide rail not only has the smoothness of movement, but also satisfies accurate direction and location, and unreasonable guide rail location locking will often have adverse effects on its movement precision. The traditional vertical coordinate locking of the sliding guide rail pair directly applies clamping force on the guide rail and makes the lifting part and the fixed part relatively static by means of static friction force. The precondition of the locking mode is that the guide rail can bear enough movement load, and the good geometric accuracy of the guide rail is kept unchanged under the state of external locking force. For the linear rolling guide rail pair, as the section area of the guide rail is smaller than that of a common sliding guide rail, the section is complex, the geometric accuracy is high, and if the locking force is directly applied to the guide rail body, the serious consequences that the reliable locking state can not be ensured, the guide rail body can be damaged, and both the geometric accuracy and the motion accuracy are damaged can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a guide rail locking device and a machine tool, so as to avoid the damage to a guide rail body and the influence on the movement precision due to a locking state.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a guide rail locking device, comprising: the device comprises a fixed part, a guide rail, a moving part, a lever assembly and a locking plate; wherein,
the guide rail is arranged on the fixed part;
the moving part is arranged on the guide rail;
the first end of the lever assembly is connected with the moving part;
the first end of the locking plate is fixedly connected with the fixing part;
the second end of the locking plate extends out of the fixed part and is arranged between the moving part and the second end of the lever assembly;
in the locked state, the second end of the locking plate is clamped by the second end of the lever assembly and the moving part, so that the moving part and the fixed part are relatively fixed.
The invention relates to a guide rail locking device.A lever component comprises a fulcrum screw, a hydraulic cylinder body, a combined disc spring, a piston rod, a lever arm and a swinging pressing block; wherein,
the hydraulic cylinder body is arranged on the motion part, and a hydraulic oil port is arranged on the hydraulic cylinder body;
the combined disc spring is arranged at the first end in the hydraulic cylinder body;
the first end of the piston rod is connected with the combined disc spring, and the output end of the piston rod penetrates through the second end inside the hydraulic cylinder body;
the fulcrum screw is arranged on the movable part;
the fulcrum part of the lever arm is connected with the fulcrum screw rod, and the second end of the lever arm is connected with the output end of the piston rod;
the swing pressing block is arranged at the first end of the lever arm.
According to the guide rail locking device, the lever assembly further comprises an adjusting screw, the adjusting screw is arranged at the second end of the lever arm, the screw head of the adjusting screw is connected with the output end of the piston rod, and the screw head of the adjusting screw is in a hemispherical shape.
According to the guide rail locking device, the lever assembly further comprises a spherical washer, and the spherical washer is arranged at the joint of the lever arm and the fulcrum screw.
The lever assembly of the guide rail locking device further comprises a copper plate, and the copper plate is fixed on the contact surface of the swinging pressing block and the locking plate.
According to the guide rail locking device, the copper plate is connected with the swinging pressing block through the countersunk head screw.
In the guide rail locking device, the movable part further comprises an adjusting support block, and the adjusting support block is arranged on the surface of the movable part, which is in contact with the locking plate.
According to the guide rail locking device, the locking plate is connected with the fixing part through the bolt.
The invention provides a machine tool, which comprises the guide rail locking device.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
according to the embodiment of the invention, the lever assembly, the locking plate and the fixing part are arranged, so that the locking load is changed from acting on the guide rail to clamping the locking plate by the lever assembly fixed on the movable part, and meanwhile, the other end of the locking plate is fixed on the fixing part, so that the static state of the movable part relative to the guide rail and the fixing part is realized, the locking load is transferred, the damage to the guide rail body and the influence on the movement precision caused by the locking state are avoided, and the positioning precision of a machine tool is well ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rail locking apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a piston rod portion of a lever assembly of the track lock apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the fulcrum screw portion of the lever assembly of the track lock apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a partial structure of a swing pressing block of a lever assembly of the guide rail locking device of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1: a fixed part; 2: the guide rail 3: a moving part; 4: a locking plate; 5: adjusting the support block; 6: a fulcrum screw; 7: a hydraulic cylinder block; 8: a combined disc spring; 9: a piston rod; 10: a hydraulic oil port; 11: a lever arm; 12: a spherical washer; 13: swinging the pressing block; 14: a copper plate; 15: and adjusting the screw.
Detailed Description
The guide rail locking device and the machine tool provided by the invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, a rail locking device of the present invention comprises: fixed part 1, guide rail 2, motion part 3, lever assembly and locking plate 4. Wherein, the guide rail 2 is arranged on the fixed part 1. The moving part 3 is provided on the guide rail 2. The first end of the lever assembly is connected to the moving part 3. The first end of the locking plate 4 is fixedly connected with the fixing part 1. A second end of the locking plate 4 extends beyond the fixed part 1 and is arranged between the moving part 3 and the second end of the lever assembly. When the moving part 3 needs to be locked, the second end of the locking plate 4 is clamped by the second end of the lever assembly and the moving part 3, so that the moving part 3 and the fixed part 1 are relatively fixed. Through setting up lever assembly, locking plate 4, fixed part 1 for locking load has been changed into from acting on guide rail 2 and has been pressed from both sides tight locking plate 4 by the lever assembly who is fixed in on the movable part, and locking plate 4's the other end is fixed in on the fixed part 1 simultaneously, with the static state of realization movable part for guide rail 2 and fixed part 1, will lock the load and has shifted, avoided because of the damage of locking state to the guide rail 2 body and the influence of motion precision, played fine assurance effect to the positioning accuracy of lathe.
Further, the lever assembly comprises a fulcrum screw 6, a hydraulic cylinder 7, a combined disc spring 8, a piston rod 9, a lever arm 11 and a swinging pressing block 13. Wherein, the hydraulic cylinder body 7 is arranged on the motion part 3, and the hydraulic cylinder body 7 is provided with a hydraulic oil port 10. A combination disc spring 8 is provided at a first end inside the hydraulic cylinder 7. The first end of the piston rod 9 is connected with the combined disc spring 8, and the output end of the piston rod 9 penetrates through the second end inside the hydraulic cylinder body 7. The fulcrum screw 6 is arranged on the movable part. The fulcrum portion of the lever arm 11 is connected to the fulcrum screw 6, and the second end of the lever arm 11 is connected to the output end of the piston rod 9. A swinging mass 13 is provided at a first end of the lever arm 11. The fulcrum screw 6 can be set between the clamping positions of the hydraulic cylinder 7 and the movable part according to the magnitude of the required clamping force. The whole mechanism body is built on the principle of a lever mechanism, a combined disc spring 8 with excellent rigidity is used for providing a locking force source, and a self-adaptive terminal locking block is used for completing locking action. The hydraulic locking device realizes continuous and constant locking output force, and cannot generate large fluctuation or leakage force due to external sudden change factors.
Preferably, referring to fig. 2, the lever assembly further comprises an adjusting screw 15, the adjusting screw 15 is disposed at the second end of the lever arm 11, and a screw head of the adjusting screw 15 is connected to the output end of the piston rod 9, and the screw head of the adjusting screw 15 is in a hemispherical shape. When the elastic force output by the disc spring jacks up the piston rod 9 to act on the lever, the lever is stressed to generate a turnover moment. The end face of an adjusting screw 15 for adjusting the stroke of the power arm of the lever is designed to be in a semispherical shape, so that the linear motion state of the hydraulic oil cylinder cannot be influenced by the turnover of the lever even if the force direction of the lever is continuously changed.
Preferably, referring to fig. 3, the lever assembly further comprises a spherical washer 12, the spherical washer 12 being provided at the junction of the lever arm 11 and the fulcrum screw 6. A spherical gasket is used for the fulcrum of the lever mechanism to automatically adjust the position, so that the stress of the lever on the fulcrum is always kept vertical to the fulcrum and is uniformly distributed on the fulcrum.
Preferably, with reference to fig. 4, the lever assembly also comprises a copper plate 14, the copper plate 14 being fixed to the face of the oscillating pressing piece 13 in contact with the locking plate 4. The clamping end needs to generate reliable static friction force, and the full fit between the clamping block and the clamping sheet is a premise for generating the maximum static friction force. The fixed clamping block can also influence the contact area with the clamping piece due to the overturning motion of the lever mechanism, so that the clamping block is designed to be in a mode capable of swinging in the drawing, the clamping block and the clamping piece are always kept in a self-adaptive optimal fit state in the clamping state, and a layer of copper plate 14 is fixed on the surface, in contact with the locking plate 4, of the swinging pressing block 13, and the effective contact area of the maximum static friction force generated in the locking process is achieved. The relative static between the locking plate 4 and the swinging pressing block 13 is kept by the static friction force generated between the locking plate and the adjusting support block 5 by acting on the locking plate, namely, the relative position between the moving part 3 and the fixed part 1 is ensured not to deviate due to the force action, and the static positioning is completed.
Further, the copper plate 14 is connected to the swinging pressing block 13 by a countersunk screw.
Furthermore, the movable part also comprises an adjusting support block 5, and the adjusting support block 5 is arranged on the surface of the movable part, which is contacted with the locking plate 4.
Further, the locking plate 4 is bolted to the fixing portion 1.
When the moving part 3 needs to be in a positioning state relative to the fixed part 1, the control system sends an instruction, the electromagnetic valve of the hydraulic system performs action to discharge oil on the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder 7 through the hydraulic oil port 10, at the moment, the combined disc spring 8 applies elastic force to push the piston rod 9 to move upwards, the force is amplified in proportion through a lever assembly consisting of the lever arm 11 and the fulcrum screw 6 to form clamping force, the clamping force acts on the locking plate 4 through the swinging pressing block 13 and the adjusting support block 5, the static friction force generated among the three parts is used for keeping the relative rest of the three parts, namely, the relative position between the moving part 3 and the fixed part 1 is not deviated due to the force action, and the static positioning is completed. When the vertical coordinate obtains a movement instruction, the control system firstly sends a locking state releasing instruction to the locking device, the electromagnetic valve of the hydraulic system acts to quickly feed oil to the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder body 7, the hydraulic pressure overcomes the elasticity of the disc spring to push the piston rod 9 to move downwards, and the piston rod 9 drives the lever assembly to complete the releasing action. Since the oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic cylinder 7 are the same, two basic circuits, namely a pressure control circuit and a direction control circuit, are required when designing a hydraulic system. The pressure control loop realizes pressurization and unloading, and the direction control loop controls the connection, the disconnection or the direction change of liquid flow in the oil way. With the support of the hydraulic system, the locking device can be effectively controlled and operated. And because the space that the straight line rolling guide rail uses limits, the compact structure of the invention and clamp force are sufficient. The invention is easy to control the numerical control equipment in real time, achieves accurate and reliable control by occupying the least system resources, is convenient for assembly, manufacture and batch production, achieves independent component, and meets the requirements of generalization and serialization.
Example two
A machine tool, see figure 1, comprises the guide rail locking device, the locking load is transferred, the damage to a guide rail 2 body and the influence of the motion precision caused by the locking state are avoided, and the positioning precision of the machine tool is well guaranteed.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, it is still within the scope of the present invention if they fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A rail locking apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a fixed part, a guide rail, a moving part, a lever assembly and a locking plate; wherein,
the guide rail is arranged on the fixed part;
the moving part is arranged on the guide rail;
the first end of the lever assembly is connected with the moving part;
the first end of the locking plate is fixedly connected with the fixing part;
the second end of the locking plate extends out of the fixed part and is arranged between the moving part and the second end of the lever assembly;
in the locked state, the second end of the locking plate is clamped by the second end of the lever assembly and the moving part, so that the moving part and the fixed part are relatively fixed.
2. The guide rail locking apparatus of claim 1 wherein said lever assembly comprises a fulcrum screw, a hydraulic cylinder, a combination disc spring, a piston rod, a lever arm, and a swinging press block; wherein,
the hydraulic cylinder body is arranged on the motion part, and a hydraulic oil port is arranged on the hydraulic cylinder body;
the combined disc spring is arranged at the first end in the hydraulic cylinder body;
the first end of the piston rod is connected with the combined disc spring, and the output end of the piston rod penetrates through the second end inside the hydraulic cylinder body;
the fulcrum screw is arranged on the movable part;
the fulcrum part of the lever arm is connected with the fulcrum screw rod, and the second end of the lever arm is connected with the output end of the piston rod;
the swing pressing block is arranged at the first end of the lever arm.
3. The track locking device of claim 2, wherein the lever assembly further comprises an adjustment screw disposed at the second end of the lever arm and having a screw head coupled to the output end of the piston rod, the screw head of the adjustment screw being hemispherical.
4. The rail lock apparatus of claim 2 wherein said lever assembly further comprises a spherical washer disposed at the junction of said lever arm and said fulcrum screw.
5. The rail locking device of claim 2 wherein said lever assembly further comprises a copper plate, said copper plate being secured to a face of said swinging press block that contacts said locking plate.
6. The rail locking apparatus of claim 5 wherein said copper plate is connected to said wobble press block by countersunk screws.
7. The track locking device of claim 1 wherein said movable portion further comprises an adjustment abutment disposed on a surface of said movable portion that contacts said locking plate.
8. The track locking device of claim 1 wherein said locking plate is bolted to said retainer.
9. A machine tool comprising a rail locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910146498.5A CN109702499A (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | A kind of guide rail locking apparatus and lathe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910146498.5A CN109702499A (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | A kind of guide rail locking apparatus and lathe |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109702499A true CN109702499A (en) | 2019-05-03 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910146498.5A Pending CN109702499A (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | A kind of guide rail locking apparatus and lathe |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109702499A (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1397236A1 (en) * | 1986-06-04 | 1988-06-15 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6491 | Arrangement for securing movable member |
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| CN202622346U (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-12-26 | 四川长征机床集团有限公司 | Machine tool positioning and clamping structure |
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2019
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Application publication date: 20190503 |