CN109689233A - 优选用于对塑料构件去毛刺和/或清洁的工具 - Google Patents
优选用于对塑料构件去毛刺和/或清洁的工具 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于对构件去毛刺和/或清洁的工具(1)以及一种包括所述工具(1)的加工系统,该工具带有杆(2)和可再取下地安置在所述杆(2)上的加工部件(3),其中,所述加工部件(3)构造成柔性的束条(4),并且适当地接纳在所述杆(2)上,从而该加工部件在工作状态下至少局部地随着所述杆(2)的转速的增加而径向向外地拱起。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于对构件去毛刺和/或清洁的工具,即去毛刺和/或清洁工具/一种对构件去毛刺和/或清洁的装置,这些构件优选是塑料构件,但替代地也可以是金属构件、木头构件、陶瓷构件或混凝土构件,该工具带有杆和可再取下地安置在该杆上的加工部件。该工具因而可以用于对构件去毛刺和/或用于清洁附着在构件边缘和构件表面上的材料。
由现有技术原则上已知各种不同的去毛刺方法。相关地例如DE 10 2007 054 521A1公开了一种去毛刺工具,其带有构造成杆的附件。原则上也已知利用磨削体或刮刀或类似加工部件手动地对构件去毛刺。
目前的去毛刺方法具有往往无法稳定地控制过程的缺点。而且需要投入相当大的人力,这也带来了漫长的周期。此外,去毛刺的质量波动很大,从而会出现居高不下的废品率。另外,在目前已知的手动的以及机动的去毛刺方法中,构件基体经常出现相当大的负荷,因而构件基体(合格件)的材料出现相当大的磨蚀。
本发明的目的因此是,消除由现有技术已知的这些缺点,特别是提出一种工具,其应能实现小心地以及可再现地去毛刺/清洁。
根据本发明,这以如下方式来实现:加工部件构造成柔性的/挠性的束条,并且适当地接纳在杆上,从而该加工部件在工作状态下至少局部地随着杆转速的增加而径向向外地拱起。
由此把加工部件设计成束条/击打束条,该束条在与构件基体接合处,通过过程控制的不同参数特别准确地在薄弱部位将毛刺或材料附着物去除。通过该束条的挠性来保证补偿例如通过自动移动机驱动工具的公差,以及补偿构件的公差。工具既可以固定不动地又可以在自动移动机上准确地使用和工作。由此,采用自动移动机的自动化应用也是特别有效的。
换句话说,本发明的去毛刺/清洁工具优选用于对所有已知设计的(例如泡沫构件、注塑构件、铸造构件、挤压构件等)塑料构件去毛刺和/或清洁。例如借助于丝杠传动件,使得去毛刺/清洁工具在工作中旋转,并且利用束条形式的造型不确定的或确定的切削体/击打体,将毛刺/细飞边/火石或附着物从材料上剥离。通过反复的击打冲击(根据工具的转速和工具的变型设计以及根据自动移动机的沿着加工边或加工面的进给速度),在其相对于主体的剪切面上,使得毛刺剥离。由于用于剥离毛刺的击打能量需求比用于损坏主体表面的击打能量需求小很多,所以可利用束条来调节过程,从而避免主体受损。不同的应用情况需要不同的击打能量,其中,这通过在质量、材料、内在刚度和造型设计方面改变束条,和/或通过改变转速、圆周速度,和/或通过改变束条预应力以及对构件基体的压紧压力而轻易地实现。
其它有利的实施方式在从属权利要求中要求予以保护,并在下面详述。
如果加工部件在两个沿着杆的旋转轴线间隔开地布置的接纳位置抗扭转地接纳或固定在杆上,则工具可巧妙地根据加工部件的长度针对不同的构件大小而设计。
如果在杆的第一接纳位置设置了接纳沟槽,束条/加工部件可伸入到该接纳沟槽中和/或在该接纳沟槽中可移动地被引导,则加工部件可特别简单地安置在杆上。
相关地也有利的是,接纳沟槽设置在杆的端面上,优选设置在杆的上端,从而束条也暴露于杆的端面。于是,杆的造型特征能实现在旋转的配合下形成加工部件形式的一种切削体。如果加工部件/束条从接纳沟槽中伸出一定的程度,则束条特别有效地设计成切削体。
但替代于此地也可行的是,第一接纳位置构造成横向于、进一步优选地垂直于杆的旋转轴线伸展的通孔,优选贯通钻孔,其中,加工部件于是又伸入到该通孔中和/或在该通孔中可移动地被引导。由此也可以把工具构造得特别耐用。
如果加工部件在与第一接纳位置间隔开地布置的第二接纳布置固定在杆上,则特别巧妙地确定了加工部件的相对于杆的位置。由此进一步改善了工作可靠性和过程可靠性。
第二接纳位置有利地同样设计成横向于、进一步优选地垂直于杆的旋转轴线伸展的通孔,优选贯通钻孔。
如果加工部件在各接纳位置之间自由伸展,即与杆间隔开地伸展,则工具的结构得到进一步简化。
相关地特别有益的是,加工部件环状地安置在杆上。由此可以沿着束条的伸展长度影响环的设计和束条的挠性。此外,环的形状对于够到构件来说是至关重要的。
如果多个、优选两个加工部件与杆连接,则可更灵活地调节工具的形状。
也有利的是,加工部件在至少一端连接在或固定在横向于杆的旋转轴线伸展的支撑臂上。由此也可以去除具有相当大的直径的毛刺或附着物。
此外有利的是,在使用两个加工部件时,相应的加工部件的端部分别在支撑臂上被夹紧。由此,该工具特别巧妙地用于对大直径物件去毛刺和/或清洁。
如果加工部件借助弹簧部件预紧地保持在杆上,则可以通过弹簧预紧力根据转速巧妙地调节加工部件的走势/布置。
此外有利的是,在杆上,优选在杆的端侧端部/端面上,安置刺穿体比如销子尖端。由此便于去除所形成的废料物,且能实现使得工具刺入到密实的细飞边皮/火石皮/毛刺皮中。
如果在杆上,优选在杆的端侧端部/端面上,安置去除部件比如毛刺去除刷、磨削体、抛光体、铣削体或钻孔体,则可更加广泛地使用工具。替代于去除部件,也可行的是,在杆的端侧端部/端面上设置另一清洁部件,其中,该清洁部件优选设计成清洁刷。
本发明还涉及一种加工系统,其带有根据至少一种前述设计的工具以及带有接纳该工具的加工机,比如自动移动机、机器人(例如关节臂机器人)或CNC-机器。由此实施一种特别精确的去毛刺法或清洁法。
下面借助附图详述本发明,相关地也介绍不同的实施例。
图1为本发明的根据第一实施例的用于清洁和/或去毛刺的工具的俯视图,其中,构造成束条的加工部件环状地接纳在工具的杆上;
图2为本发明的根据第二实施例的工具的俯视图,其中,加工部件沿着杆的长度横向于杆被接纳在杆的开设于端侧的接纳沟槽中以及被引导;
图3为本发明的根据第三实施例的工具的俯视图,其中,该工具与图1的工具类似地构造,但现在设有附加的销子尖端;
图4为本发明的根据第四实施例的工具的俯视图,其中,该工具与图1的工具类似地构造,但现在设有附加的毛刺去除刷;
图5为本发明的根据第五实施例的工具的俯视图,其中,该工具与图1的工具类似地构造,但现在设有附加的磨削体;
图6为本发明的根据第六实施例的工具的俯视图,其中,该工具与图1的工具类似地构造,但现在设有附加的铣削体;
图7为本发明的根据第七实施例的工具的俯视图,其加工部件以束条的形式借助弹簧部件预紧在设置在杆上;
图8为本发明的根据第八实施例的工具的俯视图,其中,利用杆形成两个支撑臂,在这些支撑臂之间分别夹紧两个加工部件。
这些附图在本质上仅仅是示意性的,并且只用于理解本发明。相同的部件标有相同的附图标记。不同的实施例也可以在其设计方面自由地相互组合。
图1中示出了本发明的根据优选的第一实施例的用于对构件去毛刺以及清洁的工具1。该工具1因此也称为去毛刺/清洁工具,或者用作去毛刺和/或清洁工具。该工具1具有细长地伸展的杆2。杆2的纵轴线同时形成旋转轴线5,杆2在工具1的工作状态下围绕该旋转轴线旋转。此外,工具1具有被构造用于去毛刺和/或清洁的加工部件3。该加工部件3抗扭转地接纳在/安置在杆2上。
加工部件3由柔性的/挠性的材料构成,且形成束条4。加工部件3因此直接由柔性的束条形成。束条4是柔性的,从而它在工作状态下根据杆2的转速(弹性地)变形/弯曲/拱起。束条4环状地/作为环部安置在杆2上。
此外如所示,为了使束条4接纳在杆2上,该束条在两个沿着旋转轴线5间隔开地布置的接纳位置6和7与杆2抗扭转地联接/抗扭转地保持在/接纳在杆2上。在第一接纳位置6,束条4穿过精确配合的通孔(优选间隙配合),并由此抗扭转地与杆2连接。在该第一接纳位置6/在第一接纳位置6的通孔中,束条4优选可移动地被引导。在第二接纳位置7,同样设置了(精确配合的(优选通过间隙配合))通孔,束条4也穿过该通孔,并且抗扭转地接纳在杆2中。
加工部件3总共形成了两个部分圆/半圆式的(即部分椭圆/半椭圆的)环部,这些环部在接纳位置6和7之间有空余地即与杆2间隔地伸展。在此,两个环部在一个平面上相对于杆2而言相对地布置/构造。借助于径向地背离杆2的侧面,束条4在工作中用于去毛刺和/或清洁,也就是说,束条4借助于其外侧面把在分别待去毛刺或待清洁的构件上的毛刺或附着物去除。在此,束条4根据转速击打到待去除的毛刺或待去除的附着物上,从而将所述毛刺/附着物去除。由于束条4的柔性设计,束条4在工具的工作状态下从杆2离开沿径向方向向外拱起,因而在工作中得到一种与旋转速度有关、进而与离心力有关的稳定的形状。束条2因此在工作状态下用作击打束条。
束条4在接纳位置6、7被适当地接纳,从而它可再取下地随杆2构造。由此可以在加工部件3磨损之后特别简便地更换该加工部件。
在工具1工作时,通过杆2的旋转,加工部件3/束条4也处于旋转中。由于旋转和与此相关联的离心力,束条4从杆2起向外拉伸。束条4的这种向外拉伸的拱起部以其外部造型/外侧面在相应的构件基体上滚动/滑动。优选在加工系统中使用工具1时通过自动移动机例如沿着待去毛刺的/待清洁的边缘/面产生进给运动,工具1于是接纳在自动移动机中并被引导。通过使得束条4具有规定的挠性和可变形性,补偿了构件公差和自动移动机的移动公差—束条4贴靠到构件上。替代地,可以例如借助于自动移动机带动构件围绕工具1。旋转的工具1因而可以固定不动(即静止不动),以便仅仅进行旋转运动。工具1于是可以静止不动地工作。
束条4本身可以由金属材料、天然纤维、塑料或陶瓷材料或者这些材质/材料的组合构成。这些材质/该束条4原则上也可以根据应用情况设有或配有或多或少的磨蚀性表面或添加物。
结合图2介绍工具1的第二实施例,但该实施例原则上按照第一实施例的工具1来构造,因而为简短起见,下面仅介绍区别。
在图2中用两条椭圆形的虚线示出了处于两种其它的替代的伸展情况下的加工部件3/束条4。束条4的长度可以单独选取,这要根据工具1以及待去毛刺的构件的使用而定。这些虚线表明了加工部件3的替代的伸展情况,其中,这些虚线始终都是环状的。
此外,相比于第一实施例,第一接纳位置6略微不同地设计。为此采用了在杆2的端面18/端侧的端部上开设的接纳沟槽8。加工部件3/束条4延伸穿过接纳沟槽8,且在该接纳沟槽8中可移动地被以引导。同样,接纳沟槽8的尺寸与加工部件3匹配,从而加工部件3(精确配合地(优选通过间隙配合))抗扭转地安置在第一接纳位置6。接纳沟槽8的深度也与加工部件3匹配,从而加工部件3从杆2的端面18伸出一定的程度,例如加工部件3的直径的一半或三分之一。由此,加工部件3的该区域也可以用于加工。由此进行一种特别巧妙的沟槽固定,从而作为能嵌入的解决方案将束条4应用在工具1上。在该变型方案中,束条4因而在第一接纳位置6裸露,从而束条4的造型特征在旋转的配合下形成一种切削体。在第二接纳位置7,加工部件3可以例如借助螺钉等固定在杆2上。
结合图3~6原则上示出,第一实施例的工具1可容易地在其它四个实施例中适用。在这些实施例中,不同的部件安置在端面18/杆2上。
在图3中,根据工具1的第三实施例,在端面18上安置了销子尖端14。该销子尖端14形成了刺穿体。销子尖端14适当地成型并安置在杆2上,从而它以其尖端沿着旋转轴线5朝向,以及离开杆2朝向。由此存在销子尖端14形式的刺穿体,该刺穿体能实现在工作中刺穿毛刺材料。
此外也可行的是,特别是为了有效的变换式加工以及多级加工,在第一实施例的工具1上设置根据图4~6的实施例的磨蚀部件19。
在根据图4的第四实施例中,附加地或替代地在端面18/杆2上安置了毛刺去除刷15,该毛刺去除刷替代地也构造成清洁刷,其中,毛刺去除刷15在其相对于旋转轴线15的径向外侧具有刷子。作为变型方案,替代地也可以在轴向上使用毛刺去除刷/清洁刷(根据加工情况而定),即各个刷于是朝向轴向方向。
根据图5的第五实施例也可行的是,替代于或者附加于毛刺去除刷15/清洁刷,在端面18/杆2上安置磨削体16,替代地也可安置抛光体。该磨削体/抛光体16具有背离杆2的径向的和/或轴向的或者在其它角度方位起作用的作用面。
根据图6,按照第七实施例也可行的是,替代地或附加地在端面18/杆2上安置铣削工具/铣削体17或钻孔器/钻孔体。
第三至第七实施例的工具1的其余结构以及其余功能也基本上相应于第一实施例的工具1的结构以及功能。
图7中示出了工具1的第七实施例。如同第一实施例的工具1一样,该去毛刺工具和/或清洁工具1也具有杆2,在该杆上也接纳着束条4形式的加工部件3。但加工部件3的接纳方式被选取得与第一实施例有些不同。加工部件3也安置在杆2上。利用第一端部10以及第二端部11,加工部件3现在固定在横向于杆2伸展的支撑臂12(相对于杆2处于相同的轴向高度)上。支撑臂12是杆2的抗扭转的组成部分/抗扭转地与杆2连接。支撑臂12横向于即基本上垂直于杆2/旋转轴线5伸展。加工部件3的每个端部10和11都在杆2的另一侧在支撑臂12中夹紧。由此,第二接纳位置7在此由支撑臂12形成。加工部件3在杆2的纵向上从相应的端部10、11朝向第一接纳位置6伸展,该第一接纳位置在此也在杆2的端面18上形成。加工部件3在端面18处环绕,从而最终实现束条4的U/V形的环绕。为此可以在端面18上设置沟槽。
此外在该实施例中,杆2是多组件式的,即两组件式的。两个杆部分21和22可彼此相对移动地被接纳/引导。第一杆部分21与第一支撑臂12抗移动地连接。第二杆部分22也具有第一接纳位置6,且相对于第一杆部分21借助于弹簧部件9—这里为螺旋压缩弹簧—预紧。特别地,杆部分21和22在杆2的纵向上彼此相对预紧。这意味着,在第二杆部分22上构造的端面18相对于第一支撑臂12预紧,进而加工部件3在杆2的纵向上以预定的压紧力延展。根据弹簧部件9的构造,在工作中,加工部件3通过起作用的离心力向外拉伸/向外拱起,其中,离心力在此与弹簧部件9的弹力/预紧力相反地作用。
此外,加工部件3在杆2的每一侧都借助基本上平行于支撑臂12伸展的引导臂20予以引导。引导臂20抗扭转地与第二杆部分22连接。
在图8中示出了工具1的另一实施例。该第八实施例的工具1也与第一实施例的工具1类似地构造。然而,在该工具1上并非只存在一个单独的加工部件3,而是存在两个加工部件3。每个加工部件3又设计成柔性的束条4。现在,这些加工部件3在两个沿着杆2的纵向彼此间隔开地布置的支撑臂12和13之间夹紧。两个支撑臂12和13也基本上垂直于/横向于旋转轴线5伸展。支撑臂12、13也基本上相互平行地伸展。在工具1的未负载状态/静止状态下观察,这些加工部件3基本上笔直地在支撑臂12和13之间夹紧。特别地,这些加工部件3基本上平行于旋转轴线5伸展。在工具1的工作状态下,两个加工部件3中的每一个都以其在支撑臂12和13之间自由伸展的区段又沿径向方向向外地/从杆12离开地拱起。
换句话说,本发明的工具1的基本结构始终都由工具杆2构成,在该工具杆上有上面的固定和引导点(第一接纳/固定位置6/上面的击打束条固定部)和下面的固定点(第二接纳/固定位置7/下面的击打束条固定部)。在两个固定点6、7之间,击打束条4环形地、平行地或对称地布置且固定。击打束条4适宜作为工具的磨损组件,且可以随时更换,或者被改型用于其它应用。工具1还可以设计成变型,其带有上面的固定点6作为沟槽固定部(接纳沟槽8),以便接纳击打束条4。在其它变型中也可行的是,设置销子尖端,或者为了变换加工而设置附加的加工工具比如毛刺去除刷15、磨削体/抛光体16或铣削工具/钻孔工具/钻孔器(铣削体17)。工具1的另一种构造形式包含有预紧弹簧部件(弹簧部件9),该预紧弹簧部件使得击打束条4处于基本刚度下以及在上面的沟槽引导点6中予以压紧控制。附加地,预紧弹簧部件9为击打束条4实现了挠性,即使材料在未形成环的情况下压紧到工具1上。在环形设计的情况下,预紧弹簧部件9能根据转速及与其相关联的离心力实现可变的环造型。工具1的另一种构造形式为竖琴式去毛刺件(图8),该工具使得击打束条4相对于构件基体间隔开地且平行地布置,该构造形式能在旋转时实现基本上圆柱形的工具造型。在这种布置情况下,击打束条4的天然的挠性也能实现贴靠(拱起)到加工工件/构件的基体上。该变型方案也可以替代地设计成三角形,其带有居中的上面的击打束条固定件6或其它的型部,以及带有预紧弹簧部件。此外,工具1可以在其本身上引导一个、两个(通常)或多个击打束条4。工具1可以固定不动地工作,或者在自动移动机上工作,或者在另一种加工机比如CNC铣削机中工作。
本发明的构造方式与实际情况比如驱动单元和构件造型相适应,且在很大程度上是集成的,该构造方式提供了尽可能小的干扰轮廓,因而能实现最大程度地充分利用所使用的自动移动机的自由度和移动可行性,特别是在复杂的三维的轮廓加工情况下。也可扩展塑料加工的应用目的。也可以采用这种工具布置对金属材料、木头、陶瓷和混凝土予以去毛刺或清除掉附着物。工具1有很多应用领域。该工具既可用于CNC-加工,又可以用于利用6轴关节臂机器人进行加工,或者用于其它自动移动机。该工具1的工作既可以同向地进行,又可以反向地进行。
附图标记清单
1 去毛刺/清洁工具
2 杆
3 加工部件
4 束条
5 旋转轴线
6 第一接纳位置
7 第二接纳位置
8 接纳沟槽
9 弹簧部件
10 第一端部
11 第二端部
12 第一支撑臂
13 第二支撑臂
14 销子尖端
15 毛刺去除刷
16 磨削体
17 铣削体
18 端面
19 磨蚀部件
20 引导臂
21 第一杆部分
22 第二杆部分
Claims (10)
1.一种用于对构件去毛刺和/或清洁的工具(1),带有杆(2)和可再取下地安置在所述杆(2)上的加工部件(3),其特征在于,所述加工部件(3)构造成柔性的束条(4),并且适当地接纳在所述杆(2)上,从而该加工部件在工作状态下至少局部地随着所述杆(2)的转速的增加而径向向外地拱起。
2.如权利要求1所述的工具(1),其特征在于,所述加工部件(3)在两个沿着所述杆(2)的旋转轴线(5)间隔开地布置的接纳位置(6、7)固定地或抗扭转地接纳在所述杆(2)上。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的工具(1),其特征在于,在第一接纳位置(6)设置了接纳沟槽(8),所述加工部件(3)伸入到该接纳沟槽中和/或在该接纳沟槽中可移动地被引导。
4.如权利要求1~3中任一项所述的工具(1),其特征在于,所述加工部件(3)环状地安置在所述杆(2)上。
5.如权利要求1~4中任一项所述的工具(1),其特征在于,所述加工部件(3)借助弹簧部件(9)预紧地保持在所述杆(2)上。
6.如权利要求1~5中任一项所述的工具(1),其特征在于,多个加工部件(3)与所述杆(2)连接。
7.如权利要求1~6中任一项所述的工具(1),其特征在于,所述加工部件(3)在至少一端(10、11)固定在或连接在横向于所述杆(2)的旋转轴线(5)伸展的支撑臂(12、13)上。
8.如权利要求1~7中任一项所述的工具(1),其特征在于,在所述杆(2)上安置了刺穿体比如销子尖端(14)。
9.如权利要求1~8中任一项所述的工具(1),其特征在于,在所述杆(2)上安置了去除部件(19)比如毛刺去除刷(15)、磨削体(16)、抛光体、铣削体(17)或钻孔体。
10.一种加工系统,带有根据权利要求1~9中任一项的工具(1)以及带有接纳所述工具(1)的加工机,比如自动移动机或关节臂机器人。
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2017
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- 2017-09-12 WO PCT/EP2017/072797 patent/WO2018050605A1/de active Search and Examination
- 2017-09-12 CN CN201780055848.6A patent/CN109689233B/zh active Active
- 2017-09-12 US US16/331,036 patent/US20190201938A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-09-12 EP EP17768418.0A patent/EP3515610A1/de active Pending
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US4002491A (en) * | 1975-08-25 | 1977-01-11 | Shell Oil Company | Removal of coatings by rotating chain flails |
EP0161346A2 (en) * | 1983-12-21 | 1985-11-21 | Earthnics Corporation | A copper bit cleaner |
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US6231430B1 (en) * | 1999-09-29 | 2001-05-15 | Dill Engineering, Inc. | Carbon electrode cleaning system and method |
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CN101630705A (zh) * | 2009-07-06 | 2010-01-20 | 北京清大天达光电科技有限公司 | 一种去毛刺机 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102016117603B4 (de) | 2024-06-06 |
EP3515610A1 (de) | 2019-07-31 |
CN109689233B (zh) | 2022-12-30 |
WO2018050605A1 (de) | 2018-03-22 |
US20190201938A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 |
DE102016117603A1 (de) | 2018-03-22 |
MX2019002826A (es) | 2019-05-27 |
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