CN109687767B - Frequency-adjustable magnetic excitation rotating piezoelectric generator - Google Patents
Frequency-adjustable magnetic excitation rotating piezoelectric generator Download PDFInfo
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- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
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- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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Abstract
The invention relates to a frequency-adjustable magnetic excitation rotating piezoelectric generator, belonging to the technical field of power generation. The rotating shaft is arranged on the bottom shell, the end part of the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating disc, and the rotating disc is embedded with an excitation magnet which is a strip magnet; the right side of the shell is arranged on the bottom shell, and the left side of the shell is provided with an end cover; the top end of the shell is provided with a threaded hole, and the inner side of the shell is provided with a boss; the adjusting bolt extends out of the shell, and a locking nut is screwed on the outer side of the adjusting bolt; the bottom of the adjusting bolt is provided with a round boss which extends into the opening of the loading block; the two ends of the metal substrate are respectively arranged on the loading block and the lug boss, the middle part of the metal substrate restrains the transverse displacement of the metal substrate through the guide block with a notch, and the metal substrate is divided into an upper piezoelectric vibrator and a lower piezoelectric vibrator; the excited magnet is arranged on the upper piezoelectric vibrator and the lower piezoelectric vibrator and is arranged opposite to the excited magnet; when the adjusting bolt is adjusted to the upper limit position, the upper piezoelectric vibrator and the lower piezoelectric vibrator are in the elastic deformation, and when the adjusting bolt is adjusted to the lower limit position, the upper piezoelectric vibrator and the lower piezoelectric vibrator work in the maximum allowable pressure stress.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power generation, and particularly relates to a frequency-adjustable magnetic excitation rotating piezoelectric generator.
Background
With the popularization of micropower wireless sensors and distributed sensing technologies in the fields of health monitoring, aerospace, program control systems and the like, the problem of environmental pollution caused by chemical batteries serving as main energy supply modes of the micropower wireless sensors and the distributed sensing technologies becomes non-negligible. For this reason, a micro-miniature generator for recovering energy such as vibration energy, kinetic energy of human body, rotational energy, and fluid energy in the natural environment is widely favored at home and abroad. The rotary piezoelectric generator is one of the important methods for recovering the kinetic energy of the rotator, and the main methods for recovering the energy are mainly inertial excitation, toggle excitation, impact excitation and gyromagnetic excitation, wherein the gyromagnetic excitation attracts attention in recent years due to no impact, low noise and relatively high safety. Although the problems of impact and noise are solved to a great extent by the gyromagnetic excitation, the problem of low power generation efficiency caused by mismatching of excitation frequency and natural frequency of a generator under different working environments still cannot be avoided. In order to adapt to working environments under different excitation frequencies, a frequency-adjustable concept is proposed, for example, chinese patents 201210592977.8 and 201310211521.7 respectively carry out frequency adjustment by an electric control mode and introduction of a nonlinear force, but the frequency adjustment capability of the former is low, and the latter is not easy to be accurately controlled due to the nonlinear effect of magnetic force; in addition, both adopt cantilever beam formula piezoelectric vibrator as the power generation unit, so easily damage in the course of the work, the security is relatively poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the existing rotary piezoelectric generator, the invention provides a frequency-adjustable magnetic excitation rotary piezoelectric generator, which adopts the following implementation scheme: the rotating shaft is arranged on the bottom shell through a bearing, the end part of the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating disk, excitation magnets are uniformly embedded on the end surface of the rotating disk, the excitation magnets are strip-shaped magnets, the central axis direction of the long side of the excitation magnets points to the center of the rotating disk, and the magnetic pole directions of the excitation magnets are the same; the right flange end of the shell is arranged on the bottom shell through a screw, and the left flange end of the shell is provided with an end cover through a screw; the top end of the shell is provided with a threaded hole, and the inner side of the shell is provided with a boss; the adjusting bolt extends out of the interior of the shell through the threaded hole, and a locking nut is screwed on the outer side of the adjusting bolt; the bottom of the adjusting bolt is provided with a round boss which extends into the opening of the loading block; two ends of the metal substrate are respectively arranged on the loading block and the boss through screws and pressing blocks, and the middle part of the metal substrate is restrained by the guide block with a notch to be transversely displaced and is divided into an upper piezoelectric vibrator and a lower piezoelectric vibrator; the guide block is arranged on the end cover through a screw; the upper and lower piezoelectric vibrators are formed by bonding a metal substrate and a piezoelectric wafer; the excited magnet is arranged on the upper piezoelectric vibrator and the lower piezoelectric vibrator through screws and is arranged opposite to the excited magnet; when the magnetic pole directions of the exciting magnet and the excited magnet are the same, the piezoelectric wafer is positioned on the right side of the metal substrate, and when the magnetic pole directions of the exciting magnet and the excited magnet are opposite, the piezoelectric wafer is positioned on the left side of the metal substrate; when the adjusting bolt is adjusted to the limit position upwards or downwards, the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the excited magnet are both arranged in the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the excited magnet, the excited magnet is not contacted with the excited magnet, the upper piezoelectric vibrator and the lower piezoelectric vibrator are in elastic deformation in the upper limit position, and the upper piezoelectric vibrator and the lower piezoelectric vibrator work in the maximum allowable pressure stress in the lower limit position.
When the piezoelectric vibrator works, the rotating shaft drives the rotating disc to rotate, the exciting magnet rotates along with the rotating disc, and the exciting magnets arranged on the upper piezoelectric vibrator and the lower piezoelectric vibrator are relatively static; when the exciting magnet is close to the exciting magnet, the exciting magnet and the exciting magnet generate mutually repulsive or attractive acting force, so that the upper piezoelectric vibrator and the lower piezoelectric vibrator are bent and deformed along the axis direction of the rotating shaft, and when the exciting magnet is far away from the exciting magnet, the upper piezoelectric vibrator and the lower piezoelectric vibrator gradually recover and deform due to the elastic restoring force of the metal substrate; the alternating change of the acting force between the exciting magnet and the excited magnet forms the reciprocating bending deformation of the upper piezoelectric vibrator and the lower piezoelectric vibrator, so that the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy.
In the invention, the natural frequency of the generator, namely the upper and lower piezoelectric vibrators can be adjusted according to different working environments or different requirements so as to obtain higher generating efficiency, and the method comprises the following steps: the locking nut is loosened, the adjusting bolt is rotated to the desired position and re-locked. The position change of the adjusting bolt acts on the upper and lower piezoelectric vibrators in a mode of end tension or end pressure, and the natural frequency of the generator is as follows:
wherein F is the end force acting on the upper and lower piezoelectric vibrators, and subscripts s/c respectively represent the tensile force and the pressure force; e is Young's modulus; i is the moment of inertia; l is the length; m isethe relationship between the ratio α of the natural frequency of the generator under the action of the end force and the natural frequency of the generator in the natural state is shown in FIG. 6.
the frequency modulation method has the advantages that the inherent frequency of the generator can be adjusted according to the rotating speed, the driving capability and other parameter values of the rotating body, and no resonance peak exists when the excitation frequency is lower than the inherent frequency of the generator, so that the frequency bandwidth, the generating capacity and the reliability can be effectively increased, the synchronous adjustment of each piezoelectric vibrator can be realized without changing the structure of the generator and other system parameters, and the frequency modulation method is convenient and effective.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
3 FIG. 3 2 3 is 3 a 3 cross 3- 3 sectional 3 view 3 A 3- 3 A 3 of 3 FIG. 31 3; 3
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a load block according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turntable and the excitation magnet after they are installed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph of the natural frequency tuning capability of the generator of the present invention versus end force.
Detailed Description
The rotating shaft a is installed on the bottom shell b through a bearing, the end part of the rotating shaft a is provided with a rotating disc c, excitation magnets d are uniformly embedded on the end face of the rotating disc c, the excitation magnets d are strip-shaped magnets, the central axis direction of the long side of each excitation magnet d points to the center of the rotating disc, and the directions of magnetic poles of the excitation magnets d are the same; the flange end on the right side of the shell e is arranged on the bottom shell b through a screw, and the end cover n is arranged on the left side of the shell e through a screw; the top end of the shell e is provided with a threaded hole, and the inner side of the shell e is provided with a boss e 1; the adjusting bolt f extends out of the inner part of the shell e through the threaded hole, and the outer side of the adjusting bolt is screwed with a locking nut g; the bottom of the adjusting bolt f is provided with a round boss f1, and the round boss f1 extends into the opening of the loading block h; two ends of a metal substrate k1 are respectively arranged on a loading block h and a boss e1 through a screw and a pressing block, the middle part of the metal substrate k1 is restrained by a guide block j with a notch from transverse displacement and is divided into an upper piezoelectric vibrator kf and a lower piezoelectric vibrator ks; the guide block j is arranged on the end cover m through a screw; the upper piezoelectric vibrator kf and the lower piezoelectric vibrator ks are formed by bonding a metal substrate k1 and a piezoelectric wafer k 2; the excited magnet m is arranged on the upper piezoelectric vibrator kf and the lower piezoelectric vibrator ks through screws and is arranged opposite to the excited magnet d; when the magnetic pole directions of the exciting magnet d and the excited magnet m are the same, the piezoelectric wafer k2 is positioned on the right side of the metal substrate k1, and when the magnetic pole directions of the exciting magnet d and the excited magnet m are opposite, the piezoelectric wafer k2 is positioned on the left side of the metal substrate k 1; when the adjusting bolt f is adjusted to the limit position upwards or downwards, the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the excited magnet m are both arranged in the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the excited magnet d, the excited magnet d is not contacted with the excited magnet m, the upper piezoelectric vibrator kf and the lower piezoelectric vibrator ks are in elastic deformation at the upper limit position, and the upper piezoelectric vibrator kf and the lower piezoelectric vibrator ks work in the maximum allowable compressive stress at the lower limit position.
When the piezoelectric vibrator is in work, the rotating shaft a drives the rotating disc c to rotate, the exciting magnet d also rotates along with the rotating disc c, and the exciting magnet m arranged on the upper piezoelectric vibrator kf and the lower piezoelectric vibrator ks are relatively static; when the excitation magnet d is close to the excited magnet m, the excitation magnet d and the excited magnet m generate mutually repulsive or attractive acting force, so that the upper piezoelectric vibrator kf and the lower piezoelectric vibrator ks are bent and deformed along the axis direction of the rotating shaft a, and when the excitation magnet d is far from the excited magnet m, the upper piezoelectric vibrator kf and the lower piezoelectric vibrator ks gradually recover and deform due to the elastic restoring force of the metal substrate k 1; the alternating change of the acting force between the exciting magnet d and the exciting magnet m forms the reciprocating bending deformation of the upper piezoelectric vibrator kf and the lower piezoelectric vibrator ks, so that the mechanical energy is converted into the electric energy.
In the invention, the natural frequencies of the generator, namely the upper piezoelectric vibrator kf and the lower piezoelectric vibrator ks, can be adjusted according to different working environments or requirements so as to obtain higher generating efficiency, and the method comprises the following steps: the locking nut g is loosened, and the adjusting bolt f is rotated to a desired position and re-locked. The position change of the adjusting bolt f acts on the upper piezoelectric vibrator kf and the lower piezoelectric vibrator ks in the mode of end tension or end pressure, and the natural frequency of the generator is as follows:
wherein F is an end force acting on the upper piezoelectric vibrator kf and the lower piezoelectric vibrator ks, and subscripts/c respectively representsTension and pressure; e is Young's modulus; i is the moment of inertia; l is the length; m isethe relationship between the ratio α of the natural frequency of the generator under the action of the end force and the natural frequency of the generator in the natural state is shown in FIG. 6.
Claims (1)
1. A frequency-adjustable magnetic excitation rotating piezoelectric generator is characterized in that: the rotating shaft is arranged on the bottom shell through a bearing, the end part of the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating disk, excitation magnets are uniformly embedded on the end surface of the rotating disk, the excitation magnets are strip-shaped magnets, the central axis direction of the long side of the excitation magnets points to the center of the rotating disk, and the magnetic pole directions of the excitation magnets are the same; the right side of the shell is arranged on the bottom shell, and the left side of the shell is provided with an end cover; the top end of the shell is provided with a threaded hole, and the inner side of the shell is provided with a boss; the adjusting bolt extends out of the shell through the threaded hole, and a locking nut is screwed on the outer side of the adjusting bolt; the bottom of the adjusting bolt is provided with a round boss which extends into the opening of the loading block; two ends of the metal substrate are respectively arranged on the loading block and the boss, and the middle part of the metal substrate is restrained by the guide block with a notch and is divided into an upper piezoelectric vibrator and a lower piezoelectric vibrator; the guide block is arranged on the end cover; the upper and lower piezoelectric vibrators are formed by bonding a metal substrate and a piezoelectric wafer; the excited magnet is arranged on the upper piezoelectric vibrator and the lower piezoelectric vibrator and is arranged opposite to the exciting magnet; when the magnetic pole directions of the exciting magnet and the excited magnet are the same, the piezoelectric wafer is positioned on the right side of the metal substrate, and when the magnetic pole directions of the exciting magnet and the excited magnet are opposite, the piezoelectric wafer is positioned on the left side of the metal substrate; the natural frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator can be adjusted according to different requirements during working, and the method comprises the following steps: loosening the locking nut, rotating the adjusting bolt to a desired position and locking again; the position change of the adjusting bolt acts on the upper and lower piezoelectric vibrators in a mode of end tension or end pressure, and the natural frequency of the generator is as follows:
wherein F is the end force acting on the upper and lower piezoelectric vibrators, and subscripts s and c represent the tensile force andpressure, E, I, l, meYoung's modulus, moment of inertia, length and equivalent mass, respectively; when the adjusting bolt is adjusted to the limit position upwards or downwards, the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the excited magnet are both arranged in the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the excited magnet, the excited magnet is not contacted with the excited magnet, the upper piezoelectric vibrator and the lower piezoelectric vibrator are in elastic deformation in the upper limit position, and the upper piezoelectric vibrator and the lower piezoelectric vibrator work in the maximum allowable pressure stress in the lower limit position.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910120822.6A CN109687767B (en) | 2019-01-30 | 2019-01-30 | Frequency-adjustable magnetic excitation rotating piezoelectric generator |
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| CN201910120822.6A CN109687767B (en) | 2019-01-30 | 2019-01-30 | Frequency-adjustable magnetic excitation rotating piezoelectric generator |
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| CN109687767B true CN109687767B (en) | 2020-06-02 |
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| CN112234862B (en) * | 2020-10-04 | 2022-03-29 | 长春工业大学 | Rotary piezoelectric energy harvester for supplying power to pipeline internal monitoring device |
| CN113949308B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-11-17 | 青岛工学院 | Dual-piezoelectric power generation device based on amplitude-adjustable rotary excitation |
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| CN106160574B (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2018-01-19 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of off-resonance type wheel-type electric generator based on cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators |
| CN106411176B (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2018-04-03 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of runner auto-excitation type circular piezoelectric vibrator generator |
| CN108847786B (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2019-08-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of precompressed energy accumulator with Frequency Adjustable, amplitude and big bandwidth |
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Address after: 321100 Xingzhi college, Zhejiang Normal University, 3388 Yingbin Avenue, Lanxi City, Zhejiang Province Applicant after: ZHEJIANG NORMAL University Address before: 321004 Wucheng Yingbin Road, Jinhua,, Zhejiang Normal University, No. 688 Applicant before: ZHEJIANG NORMAL University |
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Inventor after: Jiang Yonghua Inventor after: Tang Hongyan Inventor after: Zhang Zhonghua Inventor after: Wang Shuyun Inventor after: Zeng Ping Inventor after: Cai Jiancheng Inventor after: Zhang Ke Inventor after: Chai Chaohui Inventor after: Ren Zefeng Inventor before: Wang Shuyun Inventor before: Tang Hongyan Inventor before: Zhang Zhonghua Inventor before: Zeng Ping Inventor before: Zhang Ke Inventor before: Cai Jiancheng Inventor before: Chai Chaohui Inventor before: Ren Zefeng |
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