CN109586616B - Frequency modulation type magnetic coupling piezoelectric generator - Google Patents
Frequency modulation type magnetic coupling piezoelectric generator Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
Abstract
The invention relates to a frequency modulation type magnetic coupling piezoelectric generator, belonging to the technical field of power generation. The rotating shaft is arranged on the bottom shell, the end part of the rotating shaft is provided with a turntable, and an excitation magnet is embedded on the turntable; the shell is arranged on the bottom shell, a threaded hole is formed in the top end of the shell, and a first boss is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the shell; the adjusting bolt extends into the shell through the threaded hole, and the bottom end of the adjusting bolt is provided with a clamping plate; the clamping plate is limited in the groove of the loading block through the pressure plate; the bottom end of the loading block is provided with a second boss, the upper end of the first piezoelectric vibrator is arranged on the second boss, the lower end of the first piezoelectric vibrator is arranged on a sliding block, and the sliding block can slide in the limiting groove; the upper end of the piezoelectric vibrator II is arranged on the sliding block, and the lower end of the piezoelectric vibrator II is arranged on the boss I; the excited magnet is arranged on the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator and is arranged in a same-pole magnetic pole pair with the excitation magnet; when the adjusting bolt is at the upper limit position, the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator are in the elastic deformation range, and when the adjusting bolt is at the lower limit position, the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator work in the maximum allowable pressure stress range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power generation, and particularly relates to a frequency modulation type magnetic coupling piezoelectric generator.
Background
With the popularization of micropower wireless sensors and distributed sensing technologies in the fields of health monitoring, aerospace, program control systems and the like, the problem of environmental pollution caused by chemical batteries serving as main energy supply modes of the micropower wireless sensors and the distributed sensing technologies becomes non-negligible. For this reason, a micro-miniature generator for recovering energy such as vibration energy, kinetic energy of human body, rotational energy, and fluid energy in the natural environment is widely favored at home and abroad. The rotary piezoelectric generator is one of the important methods for recovering the kinetic energy of the rotator, and the main methods for recovering the energy are mainly inertial excitation, toggle excitation, impact excitation and gyromagnetic excitation, wherein the gyromagnetic excitation attracts attention in recent years due to no impact, low noise and relatively high safety. Although the problems of impact and noise are solved to a great extent by the gyromagnetic excitation, the problem of low power generation efficiency caused by mismatching of excitation frequency and natural frequency of a generator under different working environments still cannot be avoided. In order to adapt to working environments under different excitation frequencies, a frequency-adjustable concept is proposed, for example, chinese patents 201210592977.8 and 201310211521.7 respectively carry out frequency adjustment by an electric control mode and introduction of a nonlinear force, but the frequency adjustment capability of the former is low, and the latter is not easy to be accurately controlled due to the nonlinear effect of magnetic force; in addition, both adopt cantilever beam formula piezoelectric vibrator as the power generation unit, so easily damage in the course of the work, the security is relatively poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the existing rotary piezoelectric generator, the invention provides a frequency modulation type magnetic coupling piezoelectric generator, which adopts the following implementation scheme: the rotating shaft is arranged on the bottom shell through a bearing, the end part of the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating disc through a screw, one end of the rotating disc is pressed on an inner ring of the bearing, excitation magnets are uniformly embedded on the end surface of the other end of the rotating disc, the excitation magnets are strip-shaped magnets, the central axis direction of the long edge of each excitation magnet points to the center of the rotating disc, and the magnetic pole directions of the excitation magnets are the same; the right flange end of the shell is mounted on the bottom shell through a screw, the top end of the shell is also provided with a threaded hole, and the bottom of the inner side of the shell is provided with a first boss; the adjusting bolt provided with the locking nut extends into the shell through the threaded hole, and the bottom end of the adjusting bolt is provided with a clamping plate through a screw; the clamping plate extends into the groove of the loading block and is limited by the pressing plate, and the pressing plate is installed on the loading block through a screw; the bottom end of the loading block is provided with a second boss, the upper end of the first piezoelectric vibrator is arranged on the second boss through a pressing block and a screw, and the lower end of the first piezoelectric vibrator is arranged on the sliding block through the pressing block and the screw; the upper end of the piezoelectric vibrator II is arranged on the sliding block through a pressing block and a screw, and the lower end of the piezoelectric vibrator II is arranged on the boss I through the pressing block and the screw; the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator are both formed by bonding a metal substrate and a piezoelectric wafer; the excited magnet is arranged on the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator through screws and is arranged opposite to the excited magnet; when the excitation magnet is opposite to the opposite magnetic poles of the excited magnet, the metal substrate is arranged close to the turntable, and when the excitation magnet is opposite to the same magnetic poles of the excited magnet, the piezoelectric chip is arranged close to the turntable; when the adjusting bolt is adjusted to the limit position upwards or downwards, the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the excited magnet are both arranged in the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the excited magnet, the excited magnet is not contacted with the excited magnet, the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator are in the elastic deformation range in the upper limit position, and the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator work in the maximum allowable compressive stress range in the lower limit position.
When the piezoelectric vibrator works, the rotating shaft drives the rotating disc to rotate, the exciting magnet rotates along with the rotating disc, and the exciting magnets arranged on the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator are relatively static; when the exciting magnet is close to the excited magnet, the exciting magnet and the excited magnet generate mutually repulsive or attractive acting force, so that the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator are bent and deformed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the alternating change of the acting force between the exciting magnet and the excited magnet forms the reciprocating bending deformation of the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator, so that the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy.
In the invention, the natural frequency of the generator can be correspondingly adjusted according to different working environments so as to obtain higher generating efficiency, and the method comprises the following steps: the locking nut is loosened, the adjusting bolt is rotated to the desired position and re-locked. The position change of the adjusting bolt acts on the first piezoelectric vibrator through the loading block, and the acting force on the first piezoelectric vibrator is transmitted to the second piezoelectric vibrator through the sliding block, so that the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator are synchronously stretched and compressed; the natural frequency of the generator when the piezoelectric vibrators one and two are stretched and compressed is determined by the following formula:
f is end force acting on the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator, and subscripts s/c respectively represent tensile force and pressure force; e is Young's modulus; i is the moment of inertia; l is the length; m iseThe relationship between the ratio α of the natural frequency of the generator under the action of the end force to its natural state natural frequency and F is shown in FIG. 6.
The frequency modulation method has the advantages and characteristics that the inherent frequency of the ① generator can be adjusted according to the rotating speed, the driving capability and other parameter values of the rotating body, the frequency bandwidth, the generating capacity and the reliability can be effectively increased, ② can realize the synchronous adjustment of each piezoelectric vibrator without changing the structure of the generator and other system parameters, and the frequency modulation method is convenient and effective.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a housing according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turntable and the excitation magnet after they are installed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph of the natural frequency tuning capability of the generator of the present invention versus end force.
Detailed Description
The rotating shaft a is installed on a bottom shell c through a bearing b, the end part of the rotating shaft a is provided with a rotating disc d through a screw, one end of the rotating disc d is pressed on an inner ring of the bearing b, excitation magnets e are uniformly embedded on the end face of the other end of the rotating disc d, the excitation magnets e are strip-shaped magnets, the central axis direction of the long edge of each excitation magnet e points to the center of the rotating disc, and the magnetic pole directions of the excitation magnets e are the same; the right flange end of the shell f is mounted on the bottom shell c through screws, the top end of the shell is also provided with a threaded hole f1, and the bottom of the inner side of the shell is provided with a boss I f 2; the adjusting bolt h provided with the locking nut g extends into the shell f through the threaded hole f1, and the bottom end of the adjusting bolt h is provided with a clamping plate j through a screw; the clamping plate j extends into the groove of the loading block k and is limited by the pressing plate m, and the pressing plate m is installed on the loading block k through a screw; the bottom end of the loading block k is provided with a second boss k1, the upper end of the first piezoelectric vibrator nf is installed on the second boss k1 through a pressing block p and a screw, and the lower end of the first piezoelectric vibrator nf is installed on the sliding block q through the pressing block p and the screw; the sliding block q can slide in a limiting groove G of the shell f; the upper end of the piezoelectric vibrator two ns is arranged on the sliding block q through a pressing block p and a screw, and the lower end of the piezoelectric vibrator is arranged on the boss I f2 through the pressing block p and the screw; the first piezoelectric vibrator nf and the second piezoelectric vibrator ns are formed by bonding a metal substrate n1 and a piezoelectric wafer n 2; the excited magnet r is arranged on the piezoelectric vibrator one nf and the piezoelectric vibrator two ns through screws and is arranged opposite to the excited magnet e; when the excitation magnet e and the excitation magnet r have the same magnetic pole direction, namely opposite magnetic poles are opposite, the metal substrate n1 is arranged close to the turntable d relative to the piezoelectric wafer n 2; when the magnetic pole directions of the exciting magnet e and the exciting magnet r are opposite and the same-pole magnetic poles are opposite, the metal substrate n1 is installed far away from the turntable d relative to the piezoelectric wafer n 2; when the adjusting bolt h is adjusted to the limit position upwards or downwards, the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the excited magnet r are both arranged in the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the excited magnet e, the excited magnet e is not contacted with the excited magnet r, the piezoelectric vibrator one nf and the piezoelectric vibrator two ns are in the elastic deformation range at the upper limit position, and the piezoelectric vibrator one nf and the piezoelectric vibrator two ns work in the maximum allowable pressure stress range at the lower limit position.
When the piezoelectric vibrator works, the rotating shaft a drives the rotating disc d to rotate, the exciting magnet e also rotates along with the rotating disc d, and the exciting magnet r arranged on the piezoelectric vibrator one nf and the piezoelectric vibrator two ns is relatively static; when the exciting magnet e is close to the excited magnet r, the exciting magnet e and the excited magnet r generate mutually repulsive or attractive acting force, so that the piezoelectric vibrator one nf and the piezoelectric vibrator two ns are bent and deformed along the axis direction of the rotating shaft a, and when the exciting magnet e is far away from the excited magnet r, the piezoelectric vibrator one nf and the piezoelectric vibrator two ns are gradually restored and deformed due to the elastic restoring force of the metal substrate n 1; the alternating change of the acting force between the exciting magnet e and the exciting magnet r forms the reciprocating bending deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator one nf and the piezoelectric vibrator two ns, so that the mechanical energy is converted into the electric energy.
In the invention, the natural frequency of the generator can be correspondingly adjusted according to different working environments so as to obtain higher generating efficiency, and the method comprises the following steps: and loosening the locking nut g, rotating the adjusting bolt h to a desired position and locking again. The position change of the adjusting bolt h acts on the first piezoelectric vibrator nf through the loading block k, and the acting force on the first piezoelectric vibrator nf is transmitted to the second piezoelectric vibrator ns through the sliding block q, so that the synchronous stretching and compression of the first piezoelectric vibrator nf and the second piezoelectric vibrator ns are realized; the natural frequency of the generator when the first piezoelectric vibrator nf and the second piezoelectric vibrator ns are stretched and compressed is determined by the following formula:
wherein F is an end force acting on the first piezoelectric vibrator nf and the second piezoelectric vibrator ns, and subscripts s/c respectively represent a tensile force and a pressure force; e is Young's modulus; i is the moment of inertia; l is the length; m iseThe relationship between the ratio α of the natural frequency of the generator under the action of the end force to its natural state natural frequency and F is shown in FIG. 6.
Claims (1)
1. A frequency modulation type magnetic coupling piezoelectric generator is characterized in that: the rotating shaft is arranged on the bottom shell through a bearing, the end part of the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating disc, one end of the rotating disc is pressed on an inner ring of the bearing, excitation magnets are uniformly embedded on the end surface of the other end of the rotating disc, the excitation magnets are strip-shaped magnets, the central axis direction of the long edge of each excitation magnet points to the center of the rotating disc, and the magnetic pole directions of the excitation magnets are the same; the right side of the shell is installed on the bottom shell through screws, a threaded hole is formed in the top end of the shell, and a boss I is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the shell; the adjusting bolt provided with the locking nut extends into the shell through the threaded hole, and the bottom end of the adjusting bolt is provided with a clamping plate; the clamping plate extends into the groove of the loading block and is limited by a pressing plate arranged on the loading block; the bottom end of the loading block is provided with a second boss, the upper end of the first piezoelectric vibrator is arranged on the second boss through a pressing block and a screw, and the lower end of the first piezoelectric vibrator is arranged on the sliding block through the pressing block and the screw; the upper end of the piezoelectric vibrator II is arranged on the sliding block through a pressing block and a screw, and the lower end of the piezoelectric vibrator II is arranged on the boss I through the pressing block and the screw; the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator are both formed by bonding a metal substrate and a piezoelectric wafer; the excited magnet is arranged on the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator and is opposite to the exciting magnet; the exciting magnet is opposite to the same-polarity magnetic pole of the exciting magnet, and the piezoelectric wafer is arranged close to the turntable; when the adjusting bolt is adjusted to the limit position upwards or downwards, the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the excited magnet are both arranged in the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the excited magnet, the excited magnet is not contacted with the excited magnet, the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator are positioned in the elastic deformation range in the upper limit position, and the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator work in the maximum allowable compressive stress range in the lower limit position; the natural frequencies of the generator when the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator are stretched and compressed are respectively determined by the following formula:
f is end force acting on the first piezoelectric vibrator and the second piezoelectric vibrator, and subscripts s/c respectively represent tensile force and pressure force; e is Young's modulus; i is the moment of inertia; l is the length; m iseAre equivalent masses.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910118719.8A CN109586616B (en) | 2019-01-30 | 2019-01-30 | Frequency modulation type magnetic coupling piezoelectric generator |
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| CN201910118719.8A CN109586616B (en) | 2019-01-30 | 2019-01-30 | Frequency modulation type magnetic coupling piezoelectric generator |
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| CN109586616B true CN109586616B (en) | 2020-04-21 |
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| CN103414377B (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2015-08-26 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of Frequency-modulable rotary piezoelectric power generation device |
| CN108847786B (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2019-08-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of precompressed energy accumulator with Frequency Adjustable, amplitude and big bandwidth |
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Effective date of registration: 20220825 Address after: 230000 Room 203, building 2, phase I, e-commerce Park, Jinggang Road, Shushan Economic Development Zone, Hefei City, Anhui Province Patentee after: Hefei Jiuzhou Longteng scientific and technological achievement transformation Co.,Ltd. Address before: 321004 Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Avenue, Wucheng District, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: ZHEJIANG NORMAL University |
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Effective date of registration: 20230303 Address after: 710000 Room 1403, Block C, Smart Maker Center, Sipri Plaza, Zishui Park, north of Ouya 1st Road, Chanba Ecological District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province Patentee after: Shaanxi Kangwo Power Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 230000 Room 203, building 2, phase I, e-commerce Park, Jinggang Road, Shushan Economic Development Zone, Hefei City, Anhui Province Patentee before: Hefei Jiuzhou Longteng scientific and technological achievement transformation Co.,Ltd. |
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