CN109683024A - The bionical circuit of neuron and capacitive detection system - Google Patents
The bionical circuit of neuron and capacitive detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109683024A CN109683024A CN201811631868.6A CN201811631868A CN109683024A CN 109683024 A CN109683024 A CN 109683024A CN 201811631868 A CN201811631868 A CN 201811631868A CN 109683024 A CN109683024 A CN 109683024A
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- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 102000004257 Potassium Channel Human genes 0.000 claims description 79
- 108020001213 potassium channel Proteins 0.000 claims description 79
- 108010052164 Sodium Channels Proteins 0.000 claims description 55
- 102000018674 Sodium Channels Human genes 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000036982 action potential Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000028161 membrane depolarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2605—Measuring capacitance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/28—Provision in measuring instruments for reference values, e.g. standard voltage, standard waveform
Abstract
The invention belongs to capacitance measurement technique field, a kind of bionical circuit of neuron and capacitive detection system are provided.The detection system includes: pulse control module, for sending analog pulse signal to the first differential circuit and the bionical circuit of neuron；The bionical circuit of neuron, for sending the bionical pulse of neuron of measured capacitance to the second differential circuit according to analog pulse signal；First differential circuit, for carrying out differential to analog pulse signal；Second differential circuit, for carrying out differential to the bionical pulse of neuron；Counter carries out the differential signal of analog pulse signal to count to get target capacitance counting sequence for the differential signal according to the bionical pulse of neuron, and pulse control module determines the capacitance of measured capacitance according to target capacitance counting sequence.Bionical circuit cost of the invention is small, low in energy consumption, overcomes the disadvantages of traditional capacitance measuring circuit stability is bad, null offset is big, and the precision of capacitive detection system is higher, and the absolute error for measuring capacitor is stablized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bionical circuit fields, are to be related to a kind of bionical circuit of neuron and capacitance detecting more specifically
System.
Background technique
The features such as capacitance type sensor is simple with its structure, high temperature resistant, anti-interference and Noninvasive, is widely used in liquid
The signal detections such as position, concentration, humidity, pressure, displacement and flow greatly facilitate our life, simultaneously for different application
Environment, people it is also proposed that much measurement capacitor method, such as: direct current charge-discharge formula capacitance measurement mode, AC bridge capacitor
Measurement method, transporting discharging type capacitance measurement mode and ac-excited formula capacitance measurement method etc..It is quick with capacitance type sensor
Electromagnetic environment locating for development and capacitance type sensor is increasingly sophisticated, proposes to capacitance signal measuring system higher and higher
It is required that.
Traditional capacitance measuring circuit is easily protected from environmental, and the absolute error of capacitance measurement is unstable, and null offset is big etc.,
The precision of capacitance measurement is low.
Summary of the invention
In consideration of it, the present invention provides a kind of bionical circuit of neuron and capacitive detection system, it is intended to solve in the prior art
The absolute error of traditional capacitance measuring circuit is unstable, and null offset is big, the low problem of measurement accuracy.
The first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of bionical circuit of neuron, comprising: test lead, current source, sodium
Channel module, the first potassium channel module and the second potassium channel module；Wherein, measured capacitance is connect with the test lead；
The current source is connect with the test lead, for receiving the analog pulse signal of outside source, exports electric current
Pulse signal, and charge to the measured capacitance, so that the measured capacitance both ends form membrane voltage；
The sodium channel module, respectively with the test lead, the first potassium channel module and the second potassium channel mould
Block is in parallel, for exporting sodium channel current when the membrane voltage is greater than the first predeterminated voltage；
The first potassium channel module, current impulse, the sodium channel current for being exported according to the current source into
Row charging, exports the first potassium channel current when charging voltage is greater than the second predeterminated voltage；
The second potassium channel module, for exporting the second potassium channel electricity when the membrane voltage is greater than third predeterminated voltage
Stream；
It is current pulse signal that the test lead is also used to be exported according to the current source, the sodium channel current, described
The bionical pulse of neuron of first potassium channel current and second potassium channel current output measured capacitance.
Optionally, the sodium channel module include: first end, second end, diode, the first triode, the second triode,
First resistor, second resistance and the voltage source for simulating sodium channel balanced voltage；
The test lead includes anode and negative terminal；The first end of the sodium channel module and the anode of the test lead connect
It connects, the second end of the sodium channel module is connect with the negative terminal of the test lead；
The anode of the diode collector with the first end of the sodium channel module and second triode respectively
Connection, the cathode of the diode are connect with the base stage of first triode；
The collector of first triode is connect with the base stage of second triode, the transmitting of first triode
Pole by the first resistor respectively with the second end of the sodium channel module, it is described simulation sodium channel balanced voltage voltage source
Second end connected with ground terminal；
The collector of second triode is connect with the first end of the sodium channel module, the hair of second triode
Emitter-base bandgap grading is connect by the second resistance with the first end of the voltage source of the simulation sodium channel balanced voltage.
Optionally, the first potassium channel module includes: first end, second end, 3rd resistor, the 4th resistance, the three or three
Pole pipe, first capacitor and the voltage source for simulating potassium channel balanced voltage；
The first end of the first potassium channel module is connect with the anode of the test lead, the first potassium channel module
Second end is connect with the negative terminal of the test lead；
The first end of the 3rd resistor respectively with the first end of the first potassium channel module and the 4th resistance
First end connection, the second end of the 3rd resistor are connect with the collector of the third transistor；
The base stage of the third transistor first end with the second end of the 4th resistance and the first capacitor respectively
Connection, the voltage source and first potassium channel that the emitter of the third transistor passes through the simulation potassium channel balanced voltage
The second end of module, the second end of the first capacitor are connected with ground terminal.
Optionally, the second potassium channel module includes: first end, second end, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, the four or three
Pole pipe, the 5th triode and the second capacitor；
The first end of the second potassium channel module is connect with the anode of the test lead, the second potassium channel module
Second end is connect with the negative terminal of the test lead；
The base stage of 4th triode is connect with the first end of the second potassium channel module respectively, the four or three pole
The collector of pipe is connect with the first end of the 5th resistance, emitter and the 5th triode of the 4th triode
Collector connection；
The base stage of 5th triode first end with the second end of the 5th resistance and second capacitor respectively
The emitter of connection, the 5th triode passes through the 6th resistance eutral grounding；
The second end of second capacitor is grounded.
Optionally, the bionical circuit of the neuron further include: bleeder resistance；
The bleeder resistance is in parallel with the measured capacitance, the voltage for the measured capacitance of releasing.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of capacitive detection system, comprising: pulse control module, first micro-
Parallel circuit, the second differential circuit and counter, further include embodiment first aspect provide it is any as described in neuron
Bionical circuit；
Wherein, the pulse control module, respectively with first differential circuit and the bionical circuit connection of the neuron,
For sending analog pulse signal to first differential circuit and the bionical circuit of the neuron respectively；
The bionical circuit of neuron, connect with measured capacitance and second differential circuit respectively, for according to
Analog pulse signal sends the bionical pulse of neuron of measured capacitance to second differential circuit；
First differential circuit, connect with the clock end of the counter, for carrying out to the analog pulse signal
Differential, and the first pulse signal is sent to the counter；
Second differential circuit, connect with the reset terminal of the counter, for the bionical pulse of the neuron into
Row differential, and the second pulse signal is sent to the counter；
The counter is connect with the pulse control module, is used for according to second pulse signal to described first
Pulse count signal obtains target capacitance counting sequence；The pulse control module is true according to the target capacitance counting sequence
Determine the capacitance of measured capacitance.
Optionally, the pulse control module: including: impulse generating unit, D/A conversion unit and storage unit；
The impulse generating unit, for sending digital pulse signal to the D/A conversion unit；
The D/A conversion unit, for the digital pulse signal to be converted to analog pulse signal and is sent to described
First differential circuit and the bionical circuit of the neuron；
The storage unit, for storing the target capacitance counting sequence, and according to the target capacitance counting sequence
Determine the capacitance of the measured capacitance.
Optionally, the storage unit is specifically used for:
Store the target capacitance counting sequence and multiple calibration capacitor counting sequences；
The target capacitance counting sequence is matched with the multiple calibration capacitor counting sequence using dichotomy, root
The target information is determined according to matching result.
Optionally, the capacitive detection system further include: for carrying out the shaping of shaping to the bionical pulse of the neuron
Circuit；
The bionical circuit of neuron is connect by the shaping circuit with second differential circuit.
Optionally, the capacitive detection system further include: for showing the display module of the capacitance of the measured capacitance；
The display module is connect with the pulse control module.
The bionical circuit of neuron and the beneficial effect of capacitive detection system compared with prior art exist in the embodiment of the present invention
In: the bionical circuit cost of neuron is small, low in energy consumption, i.e., is charged by analog pulse signal to measured capacitance, then according to electric current
Current pulse signal, sodium channel module, the first potassium channel module and the second potassium channel module of source output export measured capacitance
The bionical pulse of neuron detects capacitance by the action potential feature of the bionical circuit output of neuron, overcome traditional electricity
The disadvantages of capacitance measuring circuits stability is bad, null offset is big；Counter is according to the differential signal of the bionical pulse of neuron to
One pulse signal is counted, and obtains target capacitance counting sequence, final pulse control module is according to target capacitance counting sequence
The capacitance for determining measured capacitance detects capacitance by method of counting, reduces the interference of outer signals, capacitance measurement precision
Higher, the absolute error for measuring capacitor is stablized.
Detailed description of the invention
It to describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to embodiment or description of the prior art
Needed in attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only of the invention some
Embodiment for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can also be according to these
Attached drawing obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the bionical circuit of neuron provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the bionical circuit of neuron provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of current source provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of another current source provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of capacitive detection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of another capacitive detection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the correspondence diagram of calibration capacitor counting sequence and capacitance provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In being described below, for illustration and not for limitation, the tool of such as particular system structure, technology etc is proposed
Body details, to understand thoroughly the embodiment of the present invention.However, it will be clear to one skilled in the art that there is no these specific
The present invention also may be implemented in the other embodiments of details.In other situations, it omits to well-known system, device, electricity
The detailed description of road and method, in case unnecessary details interferes description of the invention.
In order to illustrate technical solutions according to the invention, the following is a description of specific embodiments.
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of bionical circuit of neuron provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: test lead 10, current source 20,
Sodium channel module 30, the first potassium channel module 40 and the second potassium channel module 50.Measured capacitance is connect with test lead 10, current source
20 connect with test lead 10, sodium channel module 30 respectively with test lead 10, the first potassium channel module 40 and the second potassium channel module
50 is in parallel.
Wherein, current source 20 is used to receive the analog pulse signal of outside source, and exports current pulse signal, to institute
Measured capacitance charging is stated, so that the measured capacitance both ends form membrane voltage；Sodium channel module 30 is used for big in the membrane voltage
Sodium channel current is exported when the first predeterminated voltage；First potassium channel module 40 is used for the electric current arteries and veins exported according to the current source
Rush signal, the sodium channel current charges, charging voltage be greater than the second predeterminated voltage when export the first potassium channel current；
Second potassium channel module 50 is used to export the second potassium channel current when the membrane voltage is greater than third predeterminated voltage；Test lead 10
It is logical according to the current impulse of current source output, the sodium channel current, first potassium channel current and second potassium
The bionical pulse of neuron of road electric current output measured capacitance.
The bionical circuit of neuron be on a kind of simulation biological neuron cell membrane action potential generate and transport properties,
It can produce the circuit of class neuron action potential pulse.Illustratively, outside source generates square-wave pulse r (analog pulse
Signal), square-wave pulse r is converted into current pulse signal and charged to measured capacitance by current source 20, then by sodium channel
The bionical pulse of neuron of module, the first potassium channel module and the second potassium channel module output measured capacitance, the neuron are bionical
Pulse is the action potential pulse δ of continuous, acyclic class biological neuron.
In practical application, measured capacitance can be any type of capacitor, either polar capacitor, is also possible to non-pole
Property capacitor, either large bulk capacitance, is also possible to the capacitor of small capacity.
The above-mentioned bionical circuit cost of neuron is small, low in energy consumption, i.e., is charged by analog pulse signal to measured capacitance, then
The bionical arteries and veins of neuron of measured capacitance is exported according to sodium channel module 30, the first potassium channel module 40 and the second potassium channel module 50
Punching detects capacitance by the action potential feature of the bionical circuit output of neuron, it is steady to overcome traditional capacitance measuring circuit
The disadvantages of qualitative bad, null offset is big, the interference of outer signals is reduced, and then improves capacitance measurement precision.
In one embodiment, current source 20 can be current pump, such as Howland current pump.
Optionally, referring to Fig. 3, current pump may include resistance Rx1, resistance Rx2, resistance Ry1, resistance Ry2With transport and placing device U1.
Resistance Rx1First end ground connection, second end connect with the inverting input terminal of transport and placing device U1；Resistance Rx2First end and pulse input
Port connection, second end are connect with the normal phase input end of transport and placing device U1 and 30 first end of sodium channel module respectively；Transport and placing device U1's
Inverting input terminal passes through resistance Ry1It is connect with the output end of transport and placing device U1, the normal phase input end of transport and placing device U1 passes through resistance Ry2With
The output end of transport and placing device U1 connects.
Optionally, referring to fig. 4, current pump can also include resistance Rx1, resistance Rx2, resistanceRx3, capacitor Cx, resistance Ry1, electricity
Hinder Ry2, resistance Ry2, capacitor CyWith transport and placing device U2.
Resistance Ry1First end ground connection, second end respectively with the inverting input terminal of transport and placing device U2, resistance Ry2First end and
Capacitor CyFirst end connection；Resistance Ry2Second end respectively with capacitor CySecond end and resistance Ry3First end connection, electricity
Hinder Ry3Second end respectively with the output end of transport and placing device U2 and resistance Rx3First end connection；Resistance Rx1First end and pulse
Input port connection, second end respectively with the normal phase input end of transport and placing device U2, resistance Rx2First end and capacitor CxFirst end
Connection, resistance Rx2Second end respectively with capacitor CxSecond end, resistance Rx3Second end and sodium channel module 30 connect.
Current pump receives the analog voltage pulse signal of outside source, and exports and analog voltage pulse signal same frequency
The current pulse signal of rate and pulsewidth charges to the measured capacitance, has the characteristics that structure is simple, low in energy consumption.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the bionical circuit of neuron further include: bleeder resistance Rn.Bleeder resistance Rn with
Measured capacitance is in parallel, the voltage for the measured capacitance of releasing.
In one embodiment, sodium channel module 30 includes: first end, second end, diode D1, the first triode Q1,
Two triode Q2, first resistor R1, second resistance R2 and the voltage source V for simulating sodium channel balanced voltageNa。
Test lead 10 includes anode and negative terminal；The first end of sodium channel module 30 is connect with the anode of test lead 10, and sodium is logical
The second end of road module 30 is connect with the negative terminal of test lead 10.
The anode of diode D1 is connect with the first end of the collector of the second triode Q2 and sodium channel module 30 respectively, and two
The cathode of pole pipe D1 is connect with the base stage of the first triode Q1.
The collector of first triode Q1 is connect with the base stage of the second triode Q2, and the emitter of the first triode Q1 passes through
First resistor R1 respectively with the second end of sodium channel module 30, simulate sodium channel balanced voltage voltage source VNaSecond end and ground
End connection.
The collector of second triode Q2 is connect with the first end of sodium channel module 30, and the emitter of the second triode Q2 is logical
It crosses second resistance R2 and simulates the voltage source V of sodium channel balanced voltageNaFirst end connection.
Specifically, the current pulse signal of the current source output charges to measured capacitance, and in measured capacitance both ends shape
At membrane voltage, membrane voltage is gradually risen, until the cut-in voltage (the first predeterminated voltage) more than the first triode Q1, the one or three pole
Pipe Q1 conducting, the second triode Q2 are also switched on, and simulate the voltage source V of sodium channel balanced voltageNaThrough second resistance R2 and the two or three
Pole pipe Q2 generates positive sodium channel current output, and membrane voltage quickly increases, and it is fast to simulate biological neuron cell membrane extracellular sodium ion
It is flowed in fast and makes membrane voltage quickly raised process of depolarization.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2, the first potassium channel module 40 includes: first end, second end, 3rd resistor R3, the 4th resistance
R4, third transistor Q3, first capacitor C1 and the voltage source V for simulating potassium channel balanced voltageK。
The first end of the 3rd resistor R3 first end with the first end of the 4th resistance R4 and the first potassium channel module 40 respectively
Connection, the second end of 3rd resistor R3 are connect with the collector of third transistor Q3.
The base stage of third transistor Q3 is connect with the first end of the second end of the 4th resistance R4 and first capacitor C1 respectively, the
The voltage source V that the emitter of three triode Q3 passes through simulation potassium channel balanced voltageKWith the second end of the first potassium channel module 40,
The second end of first capacitor C1 is connected with ground terminal.
Specifically, sodium channel current and the analog current pulse signal of current pump output are by the 4th resistance R4 to the first electricity
Hold C1 charging, when the voltage at the both ends first capacitor C1 is greater than cut-in voltage (the second predeterminated voltage) of third transistor Q3, the
Three triode Q3 conducting, simulates the voltage source V of potassium channel balanced voltageKGenerate negative potassium channel current (the first potassium channel electricity
Stream), measured capacitance declines rapidly according to potassium channel current repid discharge, membrane voltage.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2, the second potassium channel module 50 includes: first end, second end, the 5th resistance R5, the 6th resistance
R6, the 4th triode Q4, the 5th triode Q5 and the second capacitor C2.
The base stage of 4th triode Q4 is connect with the first end of the second potassium channel module 50, the collector of the 4th triode Q4
It is connect with the first end of the 5th resistance R5, the emitter of the 4th triode Q4 is connect with the collector of the 5th triode Q5.
The base stage of 5th triode Q5 is connect with the first end of the second end of the 5th resistance R5 and the second capacitor C2 respectively, the
The emitter of five triode Q5 is grounded by the 6th resistance R6；The second end of second capacitor C2 is grounded.
Specifically, when membrane voltage is greater than the cut-in voltage (third predeterminated voltage) of the 4th triode Q4, the 4th triode Q4
Conducting, the then electric current that collector is flowed to from the base stage of the 4th triode Q4 slowly fill the second capacitor C2 by the 5th resistance R5
Electricity, wherein the capacitance of the second capacitor C2 is less than the capacitance of first capacitor C1, therefore the voltage rising of the second capacitor C2 is fast, when
When second capacitor C2 both end voltage is greater than the cut-in voltage of the 5th triode Q5, the 5th triode Q5 conducting, the second capacitor C2 leads to
The base stage and emitter for crossing the 5th triode Q5 start to discharge, and generate the second potassium channel current, reduce membrane voltage.
Current pulse signal that test lead 10 is exported according to above-mentioned current source module 10, sodium channel module 30 export sodium channel
Electric current, the first potassium channel module 40 export the first potassium channel current and the second potassium channel module exports the mistake of the second potassium channel current
Charge and discharge, the corresponding bionical pulse of neuron of output measured capacitance are carried out in journey.
In above-described embodiment, the bionical circuit cost of neuron is small, low in energy consumption, i.e., by analog pulse signal to measured capacitance
Then it is corresponding to export measured capacitance according to sodium channel module 30, the first potassium channel module 40 and the second potassium channel module 50 for charging
The bionical pulse of neuron, i.e., capacitance is detected by the action potential feature of the bionical circuit output of neuron, overcomes tradition
The disadvantages of capacitance measurement circuit stability is bad, null offset is big, reduces the interference of outer signals, and then improves capacitor survey
Accuracy of measurement.
Embodiment two
A bionical circuit of neuron provided based on the above embodiment, a kind of capacitance detecting system present embodiments provided
System.Referring to Fig. 5, the capacitive detection system includes: pulse control module 100, the first differential circuit 200, the second differential circuit
400 and counter 500, further include above-described embodiment one provide it is any as described in the bionical circuit 300 of neuron.
Pulse control module 100 is connect with the first differential circuit 200 and the bionical circuit 300 of neuron respectively, and neuron is imitative
Raw circuit 300 is connect with measured capacitance and the second differential circuit 400 respectively, the clock of the first differential circuit 200 and counter 500
End connection, the second differential circuit 400 are connect with the reset terminal of counter 500, and counter 500 is connect with pulse control module 100.
Wherein, pulse control module 100 to the first differential circuit 200 and the bionical circuit 300 of neuron for sending respectively
Analog pulse signal；The bionical circuit 300 of neuron is used to send quilt to the second differential circuit 400 according to the analog pulse signal
Survey the corresponding bionical pulse of neuron of capacitor；First differential circuit 200 is used for analog pulse signal progress differential, and to
Counter 500 sends the first pulse signal；Second differential circuit 400 is used to carry out differential to the bionical pulse of the neuron, and
The second pulse signal is sent to counter 500.
Counter 500 is used to obtain target capacitance to first pulse count signal according to second pulse signal
Counting sequence；Pulse control module 100 determines the capacitance of measured capacitance according to the target capacitance counting sequence.
Illustratively, after measured capacitance is connect with the bionical circuit 300 of neuron, pulse control module 100 is to the first differential
Circuit 200 and the bionical circuit 300 of neuron send square-wave pulse r, and the bionical circuit 300 of neuron is according to square-wave pulse r (such as Fig. 2
The pulse r) that middle current source 20 inputs sends the corresponding bionical pulse δ of neuron of measured capacitance (as schemed to the second differential circuit 400
The pulse δ that output end exports in 2).Square-wave pulse r is converted into the first pulse letter of same period by the first differential circuit 200
Number r', the bionical pulse δ of neuron by the second differential circuit 400 be converted into the second pulse signal δ ', the first pulse signal r' with
The relationship of second pulse signal δ ' in time is as shown in Figure 7.
The clock end of counter 500 is counted and is latched when receiving the rising edge of the first pulse signal r', works as reset terminal
Count value is reset when receiving the rising edge of the second pulse signal δ ', the clock end of counter 500 is to the first pulse signal r'
Again it counts and latches, recycle always, until the second pulse signal δ ' is transmitted, then obtain target capacitance counting sequence, mesh
Marking capacitor counting sequence will not be by the signal interference of other circuits, and related with pulse signal frequency, absolute error is more stable；Most
Afterpulse control module 100 determines the capacitance of measured capacitance according to the target capacitance counting sequence.The frequency of square-wave pulse r
Higher, 500 count frequency of counter is higher, and the dimension of sequence is bigger, then capacitance measurement precision is higher.
Wherein, measured capacitance can be any type of capacitor, either polar capacitor, is also possible to nonpolar electricity
Hold, either large bulk capacitance, is also possible to the capacitor of small capacity.
Above-mentioned capacitive detection system, bionical 300 cost of circuit of neuron is small, low in energy consumption, that is, passes through analog pulse signal pair
Measured capacitance charging, then exports measured capacitance by sodium channel module, the first potassium channel module and the second potassium channel module journey
The corresponding bionical pulse of neuron, overcomes the disadvantages of traditional capacitance measuring circuit stability is bad, null offset is big；Counter
500, according to the differential signal of the bionical pulse of neuron of the bionical circuit output of neuron, count the first pulse signal, obtain
To target capacitance counting sequence, final pulse control module 100 determines the capacitor of measured capacitance according to target capacitance counting sequence
Value detects capacitance by method of counting, reduces the interference of outer signals, capacitance measurement precision is higher, measures the exhausted of capacitor
Error is stablized.
Optionally, counter 500 can be decade counter, such as the counter of CD4017 model etc..
In one embodiment, referring to Fig. 6, pulse control module 100 may include: impulse generating unit 110, digital-to-analogue conversion
Unit 120 and storage unit 130.
Impulse generating unit 110 is used to send digital pulse signal to D/A conversion unit 120；D/A conversion unit 120
For the digital pulse signal to be converted to analog pulse signal and is sent to the first differential circuit 200 and the bionical electricity of neuron
Road 300；Storage unit 130 is determined for storing the target capacitance counting sequence, and according to the target capacitance counting sequence
The capacitance of the measured capacitance.
Pulse control module 100 can also be used to the starting of control counter 500.Pulse control module 100 can be by list
Piece machine, ARM (Advanced RISC Machines, Advanced Reduced Instruction Set processor), FPGA (Field Programmable
Gate Array, field programmable gate array) etc. microcontrollers realize, for example, pulse control module 100 can be ARM
The microcontroller of STM32F103ZET6 model.
Optionally, storage unit 130 is specifically used for: storing the target capacitance counting sequence and multiple calibration capacitors count
Sequence；The target capacitance counting sequence is matched with the multiple calibration capacitor counting sequence using dichotomy, according to
Matching result determines the target information.
Calibration capacitor counting sequence, which refers to, in advance goes forward side by side the capacitor of multiple known electric capacitances by the bionical circuit of neuron
The sequence that row obtains after counting.After measured capacitance obtains target capacitance counting sequence, by target capacitance counting sequence with it is multiple
Calibration capacitor counting sequence is matched one by one, since calibration capacitor counting sequence is more, so the present embodiment uses dichotomy
Target capacitance counting sequence is matched with multiple calibration capacitor counting sequences, determines that the target is believed according to matching result
Breath finds sequence identical with target capacitance counting sequence in calibration capacitor counting sequence, that is, the target information has been determined.
In one embodiment, the capacitive detection system further include: shaping circuit 600.The bionical circuit 300 of neuron passes through
Shaping circuit 600 is connect with the second differential circuit 400, and shaping circuit 600 is used to carry out shaping to the bionical pulse of the neuron,
Noise and the interference for reducing the bionical pulse of neuron, improve the accuracy of capacitance measurement.
In one embodiment, the capacitive detection system further include: display module 700.Display module 700 and pulse control
Module 100 connects, for showing the capacitance of the measured capacitance.
Specifically, the bionical pulse δ of the bionical circuit 300 of neuron one neuron of every outputi, counter 500 obtains one
Count value Si, the count value that will acquire arranged around time by acquisition, then constitutes one group of target capacitance counting sequence Seqx
={ S1S2S3…Si…}.Pulse control module 100 stores the corresponding relationship of calibration capacitor counting sequence and capacitance simultaneously, often
The corresponding capacitance of one group of calibration capacitor counting sequence, as shown in figure 8, specifically may refer to table 1, to demarcate C meter number sequence
The corresponding relationship of column and standard capacitor-value.
The corresponding relationship of table 1 calibration capacitor counting sequence and standard capacitor-value
Then storage unit 130 utilizes dichotomy by target capacitance counting sequence SeqxWith multiple calibration capacitor counting sequences
It is matched, the capacitance of the measured capacitance is determined according to matching result, can be obtained and obtain target capacitance counting sequence
SeqxCorresponding capacitance, and it is shown in display module 700.The simulation arteries and veins that pulse control module 100 exports
Rush the dimension of calibration the capacitor counting sequence and target capacitance counting sequence of the tested standard capacitance that signal frequency is higher, then obtains
Also bigger, capacitance measurement precision is also higher, and precision can achieve 1ppm.
In above-described embodiment, bionical 300 cost of circuit of neuron is small, low in energy consumption, i.e., by analog pulse signal to tested
Capacitor charging, it is then corresponding by sodium channel module, the first potassium channel module and the second potassium channel module journey output measured capacitance
The bionical pulse of neuron, i.e., capacitance is detected by the action potential feature of the bionical circuit output of neuron, overcomes tradition
The disadvantages of capacitance measurement circuit stability is bad, null offset is big；Counter 500 is according to the differential signal of the bionical pulse of neuron
First pulse signal is counted, obtains target capacitance counting sequence, final pulse control module 100 is according to target capacitance meter
Number Sequence determines the capacitance of measured capacitance, detects capacitance by method of counting, reduces the interference of outer signals, and capacitor is surveyed
Accuracy of measurement is higher, and the absolute error for measuring capacitor is stablized.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bionical circuit of neuron characterized by comprising test lead, current source, sodium channel module, the first potassium channel
Module and the second potassium channel module；Wherein, measured capacitance is connect with the test lead；
The current source is connect with the test lead, for receiving the analog pulse signal of outside source, and exports electric current arteries and veins
It rushes signal to charge to the measured capacitance, so that the measured capacitance both ends form membrane voltage；
The sodium channel module, respectively simultaneously with the test lead, the first potassium channel module and the second potassium channel module
Connection, for exporting sodium channel current when the membrane voltage is greater than the first predeterminated voltage；
The first potassium channel module, current pulse signal and the sodium channel current for being exported according to the current source into
Row charging, exports the first potassium channel current when charging voltage is greater than the second predeterminated voltage；
The second potassium channel module, for exporting the second potassium channel current when the membrane voltage is greater than third predeterminated voltage；
The test lead is also used to current pulse signal, the sodium channel current, described first exported according to the current source
The bionical pulse of neuron of potassium channel current and second potassium channel current output measured capacitance.
2. the bionical circuit of neuron as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the sodium channel module includes: first end,
Two ends, diode, the first triode, the second triode, first resistor, second resistance and the voltage for simulating sodium channel balanced voltage
Source；
The test lead includes anode and negative terminal；The first end of the sodium channel module is connect with the anode of the test lead, institute
The second end for stating sodium channel module is connect with the negative terminal of the test lead；
The anode of the diode is connect with the collector of the first end of the sodium channel module and second triode respectively,
The cathode of the diode is connect with the base stage of first triode；
The collector of first triode is connect with the base stage of second triode, and the emitter of first triode is logical
Cross the first resistor respectively with the second end of the sodium channel module, the voltage source of the simulation sodium channel balanced voltage the
Two ends are connected with ground terminal；
The collector of second triode is connect with the first end of the sodium channel module, the emitter of second triode
It is connect by the second resistance with the first end of the voltage source of the simulation sodium channel balanced voltage.
3. the bionical circuit of neuron as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the first potassium channel module includes: first
End, second end, 3rd resistor, the 4th resistance, third transistor, first capacitor and the voltage source for simulating potassium channel balanced voltage；
The first end of the first potassium channel module is connect with the anode of the test lead, and the second of the first potassium channel module
End is connect with the negative terminal of the test lead；
The first end of the 3rd resistor respectively with the first end of the first potassium channel module and the 4th resistance first
End connection, the second end of the 3rd resistor are connect with the collector of the third transistor；
The base stage of the third transistor is connect with the first end of the second end of the 4th resistance and the first capacitor respectively,
Voltage source and the first potassium channel module of the emitter of the third transistor by the simulation potassium channel balanced voltage
Second end, the second end of the first capacitor connects with ground terminal.
4. the bionical circuit of neuron as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the second potassium channel module includes: first
End, second end, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, the 4th triode, the 5th triode and the second capacitor；
The first end of the second potassium channel module is connect with the anode of the test lead, and the second of the second potassium channel module
End is connect with the negative terminal of the test lead；
The base stage of 4th triode is connect with the first end of the second potassium channel module respectively, the 4th triode
Collector is connect with the first end of the 5th resistance, the emitter of the 4th triode and the current collection of the 5th triode
Pole connection；
The base stage of 5th triode is connect with the first end of the second end of the 5th resistance and second capacitor respectively,
The emitter of 5th triode passes through the 6th resistance eutral grounding；
The second end of second capacitor is grounded.
5. such as the bionical circuit of the described in any item neurons of Claims 1-4, which is characterized in that the bionical circuit of neuron
Further include: bleeder resistance；
The bleeder resistance is in parallel with the measured capacitance, the voltage for the measured capacitance of releasing.
6. a kind of capacitive detection system characterized by comprising pulse control module, the first differential circuit, the second differential circuit
And counter, it further include such as the bionical circuit of neuron described in any one of claim 1 to 5；
Wherein, the pulse control module is used for respectively with first differential circuit and the bionical circuit connection of the neuron
Analog pulse signal is sent to first differential circuit and the bionical circuit of the neuron respectively；
The bionical circuit of neuron, connect with measured capacitance and second differential circuit respectively, for according to the simulation
Pulse signal sends the bionical pulse of neuron of measured capacitance to second differential circuit；
First differential circuit, connect with the clock end of the counter, for carrying out differential to the analog pulse signal,
And the first pulse signal is sent to the counter；
Second differential circuit, connect with the reset terminal of the counter, micro- for carrying out to the bionical pulse of the neuron
Point, and the second pulse signal is sent to the counter；
The counter is connect with the pulse control module, is used for according to second pulse signal to first pulse
Signal-count obtains target capacitance counting sequence；The pulse control module determines quilt according to the target capacitance counting sequence
Survey the capacitance of capacitor.
7. capacitive detection system as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the pulse control module: including: pulse generation
Unit, D/A conversion unit and storage unit；
The impulse generating unit, for sending digital pulse signal to the D/A conversion unit；
The D/A conversion unit, for the digital pulse signal to be converted to analog pulse signal and is sent to described first
Differential circuit and the bionical circuit of the neuron；
The storage unit is determined for storing the target capacitance counting sequence, and according to the target capacitance counting sequence
The capacitance of the measured capacitance.
8. capacitive detection system as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the storage unit is specifically used for:
Store the target capacitance counting sequence and multiple calibration capacitor counting sequences；
The target capacitance counting sequence is matched with the multiple calibration capacitor counting sequence using dichotomy, according to
The target information is determined with result.
9. such as the described in any item capacitive detection systems of claim 6 to 8, which is characterized in that the capacitive detection system also wraps
It includes: for carrying out the shaping circuit of shaping to the bionical pulse of the neuron；
The bionical circuit of neuron is connect by the shaping circuit with second differential circuit.
10. such as the described in any item capacitive detection systems of claim 6 to 8, which is characterized in that the capacitive detection system also wraps
It includes: for showing the display module of the capacitance of the measured capacitance；
The display module is connect with the pulse control module.
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Cited By (1)
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