CN109669073A - A kind of adaptive soil conductivity detection device - Google Patents
A kind of adaptive soil conductivity detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109669073A CN109669073A CN201811518467.XA CN201811518467A CN109669073A CN 109669073 A CN109669073 A CN 109669073A CN 201811518467 A CN201811518467 A CN 201811518467A CN 109669073 A CN109669073 A CN 109669073A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of adaptive soil conductivity detection devices.The side of hand push frame is embedded with detector, matrix is mounted on detection ship matrix two sides by sliding pair, one end of spring is fixed on detection ship, the other end of spring is fixed on hand push frame, x-y line Mo Zu is fixed on the two sides of detection ship matrix respectively, dual probe is connected with detector, dual probe is mounted on Y rail by adaptive hold-down devices of popping one's head in, the inner bottom surface that the bottom surface of dual probe passes through adaptive hold-down devices fitting detection ship matrix of popping one's head in, the outer bottom of detection ship matrix is contacted with soil, dual probe is slided relative to two X rails jointly with Y rail, dual probe itself is slided along Y rail.The side for detecting ship matrix is equipped with helical wheel, and the rotation direction of helical wheel and the back-and-forth motion direction of hand push frame are consistent, and helical wheel passes through belt wheel mechanism and is connected to driving motor.The present invention can adapt to different operating conditions, and it is convenient to detect；Instrumental sensitivity is high, reliable and stable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural soil detection fields, are related to a kind of adaptive soil conductivity detection device.
Background technique
With the development of science and technology, agricultural sciences is constantly progressive, in order to understand arable soil situation in advance, it is conveniently adjusted arable land
Varieties of plant needs to detect soil indices, and water soluble salt is the important indicator of soil in soil, is to determine soil
An important factor for whether salt ion limits crop growth in earth can be realized by conductivity in measurement soil to salt in soil
Part dynamic measures.Currently existing part instrument can be realized to soil conductivity non-cpntact measurement.The generally artificial push-and-pull of instrument
Or by the traction such as ploughing machine, have the following problems: first is that instrument is in artificial push-and-pull or ploughing machine distraction procedure vulnerable to soil
The interference of out-of-flatness factor, and then influence testing result.Second is that artificial push-and-pull can either be applicable at present by not having, and ploughing machine can be relied on
The mechanical structure of traction.In face of different operating conditions, detect inconvenient.Third is that sensor is generally fixed in detection ship, position can not
Adjustment in time according to the actual situation.Fourth is that detection sensitivity is low, detection efficiency is low, and detection depth of soil is small.Fifth is that user is secondary
Exploitation is difficult, and instrument exciting power is insufficient, and anti-interference is poor.
Summary of the invention
To solve problem of the prior art, it is every to soil that the present invention provides a kind of adaptive soil conductivity detection device
Index is detected, and overcomes Soil K+adsorption instrument in artificial push-and-pull or ploughing machine distraction procedure vulnerable to soil out-of-flatness factor
Interfere and then influence the adaptability of testing result operating condition different with raising.
Technical scheme is as follows:
The present invention includes hand push frame, helical wheel, detection ship and detector, and the side of hand push frame is embedded with detector,
Detection ship and helical wheel are arranged in hand push frame, and hand push base of frame is equipped with the idler wheel for back-and-forth motion；Detect ship packet
It includes detection ship matrix, dual probe, the adaptive hold-down devices of probe, x-y line mould group and spring, hand push frame mid portion and opens up installation
The two sides of through slot, detection ship matrix pass through the installation through slot that the guide rail slide block pair arranged vertically is slidably mounted to hand push frame
In, one end of spring is fixed on detection ship matrix side flange bottom surface, and the other end of spring is fixed on hand push frame, is made
It ship must be detected floats up and down under the action of the spring with respect to hand push frame along guide rail slide block pair and move.
It detecting ship intrinsic silicon and is equipped with x-y line mould group, x-y line mould group includes orthogonal X rail and Y rail, and two
I-shaped x-y line mould group is connected and composed between the X rail being parallel to each other through Y rail, two X rails being parallel to each other are separately fixed at
Detect the two sides of ship matrix.
Dual probe is sequentially arranged on Y rail by the respective adaptive hold-down devices of probe respectively, the bottom surface of dual probe
By the inner bottom surface for adaptive hold-down devices fitting detection ship matrix of popping one's head in, the outer bottom of detection ship matrix 10 is contacted with soil,
Dual probe and Y rail move the direction x moved as dual probe along two X rails together, and dual probe itself is visited along the sliding of Y rail as double
The mobile direction y of head, dual probe are connected with detector.
The front of hand push frame is provided with rectangular straight slot, and helical wheel is equipped in rectangular straight slot, the two of main shaft where helical wheel
End is articulated with the two sides of hand push frame, and the main shaft of helical wheel is parallel to Y rail arrangement, and helical wheel is equipped with continuously distributed along itself main shaft
Helical tooth, the both ends of helical wheel main shaft pass through belt wheel mechanism and are connected to driving motor, and driving motor is mounted on hand push frame
In rear portion, the both ends of driving motor output shaft are coaxially connected with electrical machine belt pulley, the electrical machine belt pulley at both ends distinguish synchronized band with
The belt wheel of helical wheel opposite ends constitutes belt wheel mechanism.
Preferably, the front end of hand push frame direction of travel is provided with the lifting lug for manually pushing and pulling or machinery hooks.
Preferably, it is equipped with device shield above hand push frame, belt wheel protection hood is set with outside belt wheel mechanism.
Preferably, hand push frame is made of aluminum profile.
Detector includes core cpu circuit, prime processing circuit, power amplification circuit, receives amplifying circuit, detection electricity
Road, alarm and level shifting circuit, reduction voltage circuit and power supply circuit, prime processing circuit, alarm and level shifting circuit connect
It is connected to core cpu circuit, prime processing circuit inputs a signal into power amplification circuit, and power amplification circuit passes through external excitation line
Circle sends the signal to reception amplifying circuit, receives the signal that amplifying circuit receives power amplification circuit by receiving coil, connects
Amplifying circuit is received the signal is input to detecting circuit, input power PIN is the power supply of each circuit through reduction voltage circuit, power supply circuit.
Core cpu circuit includes single-chip microcontroller U1, and NRST foot, the VREF+ foot of single-chip microcontroller U1 connects through resistance R2, resistance R3 respectively
3.3V power supply is connect, OSC_IN foot, OSC_OUT foot, the NRST foot of single-chip microcontroller U1 is grounded through capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3 respectively,
Resistance R1 and crystal oscillator X1 are parallel between capacitor C1 and capacitor C2, the VREF+ foot of single-chip microcontroller U1 connects the one of zener diode D1
End, one end of zener diode D1 is also through resistance R3 connection 3.3V power supply, and the other end of zener diode D1 is grounded, single-chip microcontroller U1
BOOT0 foot be grounded through resistance R4；
Prime processing circuit includes operational amplifier U2 and operational amplifier U3, the IN+ foot of operational amplifier U2 and operation
The IN+ foot of amplifier U3 is connected respectively to the PA4 foot and PA5 foot of single-chip microcontroller U1, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U2 connects through resistance R6
Ground, the IN- foot of operational amplifier U2 pass through the OUT foot that capacitor C4 and resistance R5 is connected to itself respectively；The IN- of operational amplifier U3
Foot is grounded through resistance R7, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U3 passes through the OUT foot that capacitor C5 and resistance R8 is connected to itself, operation respectively
The OUT foot of amplifier U2 is connected to one end of resistance R9, and the OUT foot of operational amplifier U3 is connected to one end of resistance R10, resistance
Potentiometer R11 and capacitor C6 are parallel between R9 and the resistance R10 other end；
Power amplification circuit includes power amplifier chips U4, and the INPR foot of power amplifier chips U4 is connected to resistance R9 through capacitance C7
The other end, the INNR foot of power amplifier chips U4 is connected to the other end of resistance R10 through capacitance C8, power amplifier chips U4's
PLIMIT foot, which is connected with GVDD foot and passes through capacitor C9, to be grounded, the GVDD foot and GND foot of power amplifier chips U4 respectively through resistance R12 and
Resistance R13 is connected to the GAIN/SLV foot of itself, and the MUTE foot of power amplifier chips U4 is grounded through resistance R14, power amplifier chips U4's
BSNR foot meridian capacitor C11 is connected to one end of inductance L1, and the OUTNR foot of power amplifier chips U4 is connected to one end of inductance L1, inductance
1 interface external excitation coil of the other end of L1 through connecting terminal TX, the other end of inductance L1 is through capacity earth；Power amplifier chips U4
BSPR foot meridian capacitor C10 be connected to one end of inductance L2, OUTPR foot is connected to one end of inductance L2, the other end of inductance L2
The external excitation coil of 2 interfaces through connecting terminal TX, the other end of inductance L2 are also grounded through capacitor C12；
Receiving amplifying circuit includes instrument amplifier U5, operational amplifier U6, operational amplifier U7 and operational amplifier U8,
The V+ foot of instrument amplifier U5, the VS+ foot of operational amplifier U6, the VS+ foot of operational amplifier U7 and the VS+ of operational amplifier U8
Foot is all connected with power supply AVCC；Two RG feet of instrument amplifier U5 itself are connected through resistance R18, instrument amplifier U5's
Ref foot ground connection, is parallel with resistance R17 and capacitor C14, IN- foot through wiring between the IN- foot and IN+ foot of instrument amplifier U5
1 interface of terminal RX connects receiving coil, and IN- foot is also grounded through resistance R16, and the IN+ foot of instrument amplifier U5 is through connecting terminal
2 interfaces of RX connect receiving coil, and the OUT foot of instrument amplifier U5 is successively connected to through capacitor C15, capacitor C16, capacitor C17
The IN+ foot of operational amplifier U6, is grounded between capacitor C15 and capacitor C16 through resistance R20, passes through between capacitor C16 and capacitor C17
Resistance R21 ground connection；
The IN- foot of operational amplifier U6 is grounded through resistance R19, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U6 is respectively through capacitor C18 and electricity
Resistance R22 is connected to the OUT foot of itself, and OUT foot is successively connected to operational amplifier U7's through capacitor C19, capacitor C20, capacitor C21
IN+ foot is grounded between capacitor C19 and capacitor C20 by resistance R23, is connect between capacitor C20 and capacitor C21 by resistance R24
The IN- foot on ground, operational amplifier U7 is grounded through resistance R25, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U7 is respectively through capacitor C22 and resistance R26
It is connected to the OUT foot of itself,
The NC foot of operational amplifier U7 is successively connected to the IN of operational amplifier U8 through capacitor C23, capacitor C24, capacitor C25
+ foot, by being grounded between resistance R27 ground connection, capacitor C24 and capacitor C25 by resistance R28 between capacitor C2 and capacitor C24；Fortune
The IN- foot for calculating amplifier U8 is grounded through resistance R29, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U8 is connected through capacitor C26 with resistance R30 respectively
OUT foot to the OUT foot of itself, operational amplifier U8 connects detecting circuit；
Detecting circuit includes that instrument amplifier U9, detector diode D2, detection capacitor C27 and detection capacitor C28, instrument are put
The IN- foot of big device U9 is connected to the OUT foot of operational amplifier U8 through detector diode D2；The IN- foot of instrument amplifier U9 is distinguished
It is grounded through capacitor C27, capacitor C28, the IN- foot of instrument amplifier U9 is connected to the collector of triode Q1, the hair of triode Q1
Emitter grounding, the base stage of triode Q1 are connected to the PE15 foot of single-chip microcontroller U1 through resistance R31, and the IN+ foot of instrument amplifier U9 is through filtering
Wave capacitor C29 ground connection, the IN+ foot of instrument amplifier U9 are connected to potentiometer RW1, and the both ends of potentiometer RW1 connect power supply electricity respectively
Source AVCC and ground；It is parallel with resistance R32 and resistance R33 between two RG feet of instrument amplifier U9, instrument amplifier U9's
OUT foot is successively grounded through resistance R34 and capacitor C30, and the OUT foot of instrument amplifier U9 is successively through resistance R34 and clamp diode
D3 connects 3.3V power supply, and the OUT foot of instrument amplifier U9 is successively grounded through resistance R34 and clamp diode D4, instrument amplifier U9
Ref foot ground connection；
Alarm and level shifting circuit include conversion chip U10 and LED diode, and 3.3V power supply is respectively through current-limiting resistance
One end of RD1, current-limiting resistance RD2, current-limiting resistance RD3 connection LED diode DS2, LED diode DS1 and LED diode DS0,
The other end of LED diode DS2, LED diode DS1 and LED diode DS0 be connected respectively to single-chip microcontroller U1 PB12 foot,
PB13 foot and PB14 foot；The UART1_RX/PA9 foot of the DI foot connection single-chip microcontroller U1 of conversion chip U10, the RO of conversion chip U10
Foot connects UART1_TX/PA10 foot, and the RE foot and DE foot of conversion chip U10 are all connected to the PA8 foot of single-chip microcontroller U1, conversion chip
The VCC foot of U10 is connected to the interface 4 of connecting terminal CONN, and connecting terminal CONN is used to carry out data interaction, terminals with the external world
The interface 3 and interface 2 of sub- CONN is connected to B foot and the conversion of conversion chip U10 through protective resistance R35, protective resistance R36 respectively
The A foot of chip U10, the interface 1 of connecting terminal CONN connect the GND foot of conversion chip U10；
Reduction voltage circuit includes regulator U11 and voltage stabilizing chip U12, and the IN foot of regulator U11 connects
The OUT foot of input power PIN, regulator U11 are grounded through sustained diode 5, the GND of regulator U11
Foot, ON/OFF foot are grounded；FB of the OUT foot of regulator U11 through afterflow inductance L3 Yu regulator U11
After foot is connected, be commonly connected to decoupling filter capacitor C31 and one end decoupling filter capacitor C32, decoupling filter capacitor C31 and
The other end of decoupling filter capacitor C32 is grounded, and OUT foot, the FB foot of regulator U11 exports 5V power supply, output
5V power supply connects the VS+ foot of operational amplifier U2, operational amplifier U3；
The IN foot of voltage stabilizing chip U12 connects the 5V power supply of regulator U11 output, and voltage stabilizing chip U12 will input 5V
To 3.3V, two OUT feet of voltage stabilizing chip U12 export the 3.3V power supply after pressure stabilizing for voltage pressure stabilizing, and 3.3V power supply is CPU core electrocardio
Road, instrument amplifier U9 and conversion chip U10 power supply, two OUT feet of voltage stabilizing chip U12 are grounded by decoupling capacitance C33, surely
Press the GND foot ground connection of chip U12；
Power supply circuit includes electric power polarity converter U13, adjustable voltage stabilizer U14 and adjustable voltage stabilizer U15, and electric power polarity turns
The CAP+ foot of parallel operation U13 is connected to the CAP- foot of itself, GND foot, the LV foot of electric power polarity converter U13 through starting of oscillation capacitor C34
It is grounded, the VCC foot of electric power polarity converter U13 connects the 5V power supply of regulator U11 output, electric power polarity converter
The OUT foot of U13 is grounded through decoupling filter capacitor C35 and decoupling filter capacitor C36 respectively, the OUT foot of electric power polarity converter U13
Export output -5V power supply；- 5V the power supply of output is connected respectively to operational amplifier U2, operational amplifier U3, operational amplifier
The VS- foot of U6, operational amplifier U7 and operational amplifier U8, -5V the power supply of output is also connected to instrument amplifier U5, instrument is put
The V- foot of big device U9；
IN foot of the input power PIN through inductance L4 connection adjustable voltage stabilizer U14, adjustable voltage stabilizer U14 is by input power PIN
Lowering and stabilizing blood pressure is the power supply PVCC of power amplification circuit, and the OUT foot of adjustable voltage stabilizer U14 exports power supply PVCC；Electricity
The both ends for feeling L4 are grounded through capacitor C37 and capacitor C38 respectively, and capacitor C37, inductance L4 and capacitor C38 constitute pi type filter, can
The OUT foot of voltage-stablizer U14 is adjusted to be connected through resistance R38 with the ADJ foot of itself, the both ends of resistance R38 are respectively through resistance R37 and capacitor
C39 ground connection；
The IN foot of adjustable voltage stabilizer U15 meets input power PIN through inductance L5, the both ends of inductance L5 respectively through capacitor C40 and
Capacitor C41 ground connection, capacitor C40, inductance L5 and capacitor C41 constitute pi type filter, and input power PIN drops in adjustable voltage stabilizer U15
Pressure pressure stabilizing is the power supply AVCC for receiving amplifying circuit, and the OUT foot of adjustable voltage stabilizer U15 exports power supply AVCC, adjustable
The OUT foot of voltage-stablizer U15 is connected through resistance R39 with the ADJ foot of itself, and the both ends of resistance R39 are respectively through resistance R40 and capacitor
C42 ground connection.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1) front end of the invention is evened out equipped with helical wheel as soil, can be to provide smooth inspection in instrument detection process
Survey condition avoids being interfered in artificial push-and-pull or ploughing machine distraction procedure by soil out-of-flatness factor, and then influences testing result.
2) present invention can adapt to different operating conditions, two sensor distances can freely be adjusted according to actual condition, both
It can be applicable in artificial push-and-pull, and can be by the mechanical structure of arable land machine travel, it is convenient to detect.
4) present invention utilizes adaptive hold-down devices, realizes that detection ship can be moved up and down with soil height, keeps and soil
Earth is in close contact, and is improved adaptivity and detection reliability, is suitable for popularization and application.
5) the generous beauty of overall structure of the invention, can real-time assembly and disassembly, it is easy to use.
6) circuit design integration in instrument, breaches the integrated of traditional instrument, can be realized detection and control function
In one, and pass through circuit optimization, exciting power is big, strong antijamming capability.Instrumental sensitivity is high, reliable and stable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the device of the invention schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is detection boat equipment schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the core cpu circuit of detector；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the prime processing circuit of detector；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the power amplification circuit of detector；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the reception amplifying circuit of detector；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the detecting circuit of detector；
Fig. 8 is the alarm of detector and the schematic diagram of level shifting circuit；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the reduction voltage circuit of detector；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the power supply circuit of detector.
In figure: hand push frame 1, helical wheel 2, detection ship 3,4 body shields, detector 5, lifting lug 6,7 belt wheel protection hoods,
Belt wheel mechanism 8, driving motor 9, detection ship matrix 10, probe 11, the adaptive hold-down devices 12 of probe, x-y line mould group 13, bullet
Spring 14.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with specific implementation with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the side of hand push frame 1 is embedded with detector 5, detects ship 3 and helical wheel 2 is arranged at hand
In push framework 1,1 bottom of hand push frame is equipped with the idler wheel for back-and-forth motion.It is equipped with above hand push frame 1 for protecting equipment
Device shield 4, belt wheel mechanism 8 are set with belt wheel protection hood 7 outside, play a protective role.
As shown in Fig. 2, detection ship 3 includes detection ship matrix 10, dual probe 11, the adaptive hold-down devices 12 of probe, x-y line
Property mould group 13 and spring 14.Open up installation through slot in the middle part of hand push frame 1, the two sides of detection ship matrix 10 pass through to be arranged vertically
Guide rail slide block pair is slidably mounted in the installation through slot of hand push frame 1, and one end of spring 14 is fixed on detection 10 side of ship matrix
On flange bottom surface, the other end of spring 14 is fixed on hand push frame 1, and four guide rail slide block pairs and spring 14 collectively form inspection
The adaptive hold-down devices of ship are surveyed, so that detection ship 3 opposite hand push frame 1 under the effect of spring 14 floats up and down along guide rail slide block pair
Movement；When soil is rough and uneven in surface, detection ship 3 is moved up and down with respect to trolley under action from the spring 14 avoids Caton, improves
The adaptability of itself.
It detects and is equipped with x-y line mould group 13 inside ship matrix 10, x-y line mould group 13 includes orthogonal X rail and Y
Rail connects and composes I-shaped x-y line mould group 13, two X rails being parallel to each other through Y rail between two X rails being parallel to each other
The two sides of detection ship matrix 10 are separately fixed at,
Dual probe 11 is sequentially arranged on Y rail by the respective adaptive hold-down devices 12 of probe respectively, dual probe 11
Bottom surface by the inner bottom surface of adaptive hold-down devices 12 fitting detection ship matrix 10 of popping one's head in, detect the outer bottom of ship matrix 10 with
Soil contact, dual probe 11 and Y rail move the direction x moved as dual probe 11, itself edge of dual probe 11 along two X rails together
The Y rail sliding y direction mobile as dual probe 11, Y rail are moved relative to the moving direction of two X rails and the front and back of hand push frame 1
Dynamic direction is consistent, and Y rail is connected with detector 5 perpendicular to 1 direction of advance of hand push frame, dual probe 11；X-y line mould group 13 can
To adjust position of the probe in detection ship matrix 10, the optimum position of probe is adjusted by the movement of X, Y-direction.
Adaptive hold-down devices 12 of popping one's head in are elastic hold-down devices, and one end of elastic hold-down devices is connect with dual probe 11,
Dual probe 11 is tightly bonded the inner bottom surface of detection ship matrix 10 always under elastic reaction.
The front of hand push frame 1 is provided with rectangular straight slot, and helical wheel 2 is equipped in rectangular straight slot, so that helical wheel 2 is located at inspection
3 front side of ship is surveyed, the both ends of 2 place main shaft of helical wheel are articulated with the two sides of hand push frame 1, and helical wheel 2 rotates around the spindle, helical wheel
2 main shaft is parallel to Y rail arrangement, and helical wheel 2 is equipped with continuously distributed helical tooth, the both ends of 2 main shaft of helical wheel along itself main shaft
Driving motor 9 is connected to by belt wheel mechanism 8, driving motor 9 is mounted in 1 rear portion of hand push frame, 9 output shaft of driving motor
Both ends be coaxially connected with electrical machine belt pulley, the electrical machine belt pulley at both ends distinguishes the belt wheel of synchronized band 7 and 2 opposite ends of helical wheel
Constitute belt wheel mechanism 8.
In specific implementation, helical wheel 2 transmits power by belt wheel mechanism 8 by driving motor 9.It can be turned over when rotation and cut soil,
Have the function that soft and smooth out soil, is conducive to 3 bottom plate of subsequent detection ship and is bonded well with soil, good detection is provided
Environment.
In specific implementation, using intensity, high, lightweight aluminum profile is made hand push frame 1, the front end of 1 direction of travel of hand push frame
Machinery can also be passed through in addition to manually pulling lifting lug 6 that equipment is made to advance by being provided with the lifting lug 6 for manually pushing and pulling or machinery hooks
Hang pull-type advance.This equipment can realize artificial push-and-pull, can also realize that the extension of device is pull-type.
Detection ship 3 is the core of single unit system, it can be both assembled to by detecting the spring of 10 two sides of ship matrix
On trolley, and it can independently apply to Soil K+adsorption.In specific implementation, detection 10 front-back of ship matrix is cambered surface, Ke Yigeng
Be conducive to advance and fall back, is bulldozed soil.The bottom surface for detecting ship matrix 10 is plane, the lower section of bottom surface and soil face contact, bottom
The top in face is fitted closely with dual probe 11 in the case where adaptive hold-down devices 12 of popping one's head in act on.
Dual probe 11 includes receiving transducer and transmitting probe, and dual probe 11 can be in the x-axis direction of x-y line mould group 13
Relative movement can also adjust probe position in the y-axis direction using linear mould group 13 according to actually detected situation.It pops one's head in adaptive
Answering hold-down devices 12 is tightly attached in base surface to allow probe and bottom plate to have a good contact surface.
When soil is rough and uneven in surface, detection ship can be moved up and down with respect to trolley, avoided Caton, improved the adaptation of itself
Property.The device of the invention can according to the actual situation, may be selected hand propelled with extension it is pull-type, soil can be turned over cut with it is soft.It passes
Sensor leads to x-y line mould group and is fixed in detection ship, can adjust sensor position in time according to the actual situation.Under adaptive
Pressure device realizes that detection ship can be moved up and down with soil height, keeps being in close contact with the soil.
Detector 5 is embedded on trolley, and real-time monitoring probe feeds back signal out, is analyzed, displays and store number
According to.Prime processing circuit, alarm and the level shifting circuit of detector 5 are all connected to core cpu circuit, and prime processing circuit will
Signal input power amplifying circuit, power amplification circuit send the signal to reception amplifying circuit by external excitation coil, connect
The signal that amplifying circuit receives power amplification circuit by receiving coil is received, receiving amplifying circuit, the signal is input to detection electricity
Road, input power PIN are the power supply of each circuit through reduction voltage circuit, power supply circuit.
As shown in figure 3, core cpu circuit includes single-chip microcontroller U1, the NRST foot of single-chip microcontroller U1, VREF+ foot are respectively through resistance
R2, resistance R3 connection 3.3V power supply, the OSC_IN foot of single-chip microcontroller U1, OSC_OUT foot, NRST foot respectively through capacitor C1, capacitor C2,
Capacitor C3 ground connection, is parallel with resistance R1 and crystal oscillator X1 between capacitor C1 and capacitor C2, the VREF+ foot of single-chip microcontroller U1 connects pressure stabilizing two
One end of pole pipe D1, one end of zener diode D1 is also through resistance R3 connection 3.3V power supply, another termination of zener diode D1
Ground, D1 are controllable accurate source of stable pressure, this kind of connection can provide the reference voltage of accurately 2.5V ± 4 ‰ for CPU.Single-chip microcontroller U1
BOOT0 foot be grounded through resistance R4.
In specific implementation, U1 uses the STM32F103VCT6 of ST Microelectronics's production, has and reaches as high as
72MHz dominant frequency, space are the ROM of 256KB, and space is the RAM, the ADC of 16 channel 12bit, the DAC of 2 channel 12bit, 5 of 48KB
The interface resources abundant such as road independence serial ports.C1, C2, R1, X1 provide the oscillating circuit of dominant frequency, oscillation frequency 8MHz for CPU；
C3R2 constitutes the reset circuit of CPU；R3D1 is benchmark source voltage regulator circuit, and it acts as the DAC of CPU and ADC to provide accurately
2.500V voltage reference；The starting that R4 is CPU selects, and R4 is grounded CPU starting entrance as internal FLASH storage；SW is the tune of CPU
It tries mouth.
As shown in figure 4, prime processing circuit includes operational amplifier U2 and operational amplifier U3, the IN of operational amplifier U2
+ foot is connected to the PA4 foot of single-chip microcontroller U1, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U2 is grounded through resistance R6, the IN- foot of operational amplifier U2
The OUT foot of itself is connected to by capacitor C4 and resistance R5 respectively；The IN+ foot of operational amplifier U3 is connected to the PA5 of single-chip microcontroller U1
The IN- foot of foot operational amplifier U3 is grounded through resistance R7, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U3 passes through capacitor C5 respectively and resistance R8 connects
To the OUT foot of itself, the OUT foot of operational amplifier U2 is connected to one end of resistance R9, and the OUT foot of operational amplifier U3 is connected to
One end of resistance R10 is parallel with potentiometer R11 and capacitor C6 between resistance R9 and the resistance R10 other end.
In specific implementation, OP07 model is specifically can be used in operational amplifier U2 and operational amplifier U3.Due to power amplification
Device needs input differential signal, and the two-way phase difference that the PA4 foot and PA5 foot of single-chip microcontroller U1 generates is that the sine wave of 180 degree is distinguished
It is input to the input in-phase end of U2 and U3, works and predominantly reduces output impedance, filters out high-frequency harmonic, principle is as follows: the 3 of U2
Foot in-phase end input voltage Ui, the AC impedance Xc, Uo=Ui* (1+R5/Xc) of 6 foot output voltage Uo, C4 generations, low-pass filtering
Frequency Fl=1/2 π * R5*C4.After tested, bandwidth when -3db decays is about 15kHz；U3 is similarly.The reverse signal of two-way output
Pass through R9 respectively, R10 connection potentiometer R11 is divided, and C6 is filter capacitor, to reduce high-frequency harmonic, until difference is believed
Number WAVEP and WAVEN.
As shown in figure 5, power amplification circuit includes power amplifier chips U4, the INPR foot of power amplifier chips U4 connects through capacitance C7
It is connected to the other end of resistance R9, INNR foot is connected to the other end of resistance R10, the SDZ foot of power amplifier chips U4 through capacitance C8
Power supply PVCC is connected through resistance R15 jointly with FUALTZ foot, wherein FUALTZ foot is open-drain output, so needing pull-up resistor
R15 to power supply PVCC, when chip causes failure due to overcurrent or excess temperature, foot output is low level, and when normal work is
High level；SDZ is input, is worked normally when input is that high level chip is enabled, and chip stops working when input low level；It is such
Connection can carry out self-protection to chip.
The PLIMIT foot of power amplifier chips U4, which is connected with GVDD foot and passes through capacitor C9, to be grounded, the GVDD foot of power amplifier chips U4 and
GND foot is connected to the GAIN/SLV foot of itself through resistance R12, resistance R13 respectively, and the MUTE foot of power amplifier chips U4 is through resistance R14
Ground connection.The BSNR foot meridian capacitor C11 of power amplifier chips U4 is connected to one end of inductance L1, and OUTNR foot is connected to one end of inductance L1,
TX1 interface external excitation coil of the other end of inductance L1 through connecting terminal, TX is the interface for connecing excitation coil, and inductance L1's is another
One end is through capacity earth；BSPR foot meridian capacitor C10 is connected to one end of inductance L2, and OUTPR foot is connected to one end of inductance L2, electricity
The other end of L2 is felt through the external excitation coil of TX2 interface of connecting terminal, and the other end of inductance L2 is also grounded through capacitor C12；TX
For connecting terminal, external excitation coil, effect is outside radiation field, this kind of connection is BTL connection, difference output.
In specific implementation, power amplifier chips U4 uses the TPA3118D2 of Texas Instruments's production, is the power amplification of D class
Device, transformation efficiency are greater than 90%, can greatly reduce the heat that component work generates, and are beneficial to continue work in small space
Make.Wherein C7, C8 are capacitance, and R14, R15 are the necessary configuration that chip works normally；R12, R13, C9 effect are to adjust core
Piece gain amplifier, designing gain 30DB in the design；C10, C11 are the feedback capacity of chip；L2, C12 and L1, C13 distinguish structure
At LC filter, greatly inhibition higher harmonic components.
As shown in fig. 6, receiving amplifying circuit includes instrument amplifier U5, operational amplifier U6, operational amplifier U7 and fortune
Amplifier U8 is calculated, the V+ foot of instrument amplifier U5, the VS+ foot of operational amplifier U6, the VS+ foot of operational amplifier U7 and operation are put
The VS+ foot of big device U8 is all connected with the power supply AVCC of 21.5V.
Two RG feet of instrument amplifier U5 itself are connected through resistance R18, the ref foot ground connection of instrument amplifier U5, instrument
Resistance R17 and capacitor C14 are parallel between the IN- foot and IN+ foot of amplifier U5, the IN- foot of instrument amplifier U5 is through terminals
1 interface of sub- RX connects receiving coil, and RX is the connecting terminal of receiving coil, and the IN- foot of instrument amplifier U5 connects through resistance R16
The IN+ foot on ground, instrument amplifier U5 connects receiving coil through 1 interface of connecting terminal RX, and the OUT foot of instrument amplifier U5 is successively
The IN+ foot of operational amplifier U6 is connected to through capacitor C15, capacitor C16, capacitor C17, through resistance between capacitor C15 and capacitor C16
R20 ground connection, is grounded between capacitor C16 and capacitor C17 through resistance R21.
The IN- foot of operational amplifier U6 is grounded through resistance R19, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U6 is respectively through capacitor C18 and electricity
Resistance R22 is connected to the OUT foot of itself, and OUT foot is successively connected to operational amplifier U7's through capacitor C19, capacitor C20, capacitor C21
IN+ foot is grounded between capacitor C19 and capacitor C20 by resistance R23, is connect between capacitor C20 and capacitor C21 by resistance R24
The IN- foot on ground, operational amplifier U7 is grounded through resistance R25, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U7 is respectively through capacitor C22 and resistance R26
It is connected to the OUT foot of itself, the NC foot of operational amplifier U7 is successively connected to operation and puts through capacitor C23, capacitor C24, capacitor C25
The IN+ foot of big device U8, by passing through resistance between resistance R27 ground connection, capacitor C24 and capacitor C25 between capacitor C2 and capacitor C24
R28 ground connection.
The IN- foot of operational amplifier U8 is grounded through resistance R29, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U8 is respectively through capacitor C26 and electricity
Resistance R30 is connected to the OUT foot of itself, and the OUT foot of operational amplifier U8 connects detecting circuit.
In specific implementation, the model of instrument amplifier U5 is specially AD620, and the model of operational amplifier U6, U7 and U8 are equal
For OP07.RX is receiving coil interface, receives signal and connects R16 100kR effect to make entire coil shake the R17 on the basis of 0V
It is matching capacitance for build-out resistor, C14, effect is to reduce the noise for receiving signal.U5 is instrument amplifier, gain amplifier
Au:Au=(49.5kR/R18)+1.Amplification factor is about 100 times；Amplified signal is through C15R20, C16R21 bivalent high-pass filter
Afterwards, into U6；Wherein every rank high-pass equipment Fh=Fl=1/2 π * R15*C20, Fh are about 1.6kHz；R19, R20 and C18 are constituted
Low pass feedback circuit, amplification factor.Au=1+ (R22//Xc)/R19, wherein Xc is the capacitive reactance that C18 is generated.It is computed, low pass frequency
Rate Fl is about 16kHz；The same U6 of U7, U8 principle obtains signal U1 by three-level enhanced processing.
As shown in fig. 7, detecting circuit includes instrument amplifier U9, detector diode D2, detection capacitor C27 and detection capacitor
The IN- foot of C28, instrument amplifier U9 are connected to the OUT foot of operational amplifier U8 through detector diode D2；Instrument amplifier U9's
IN- foot is grounded through capacitor C27, capacitor C28 respectively, and the IN- foot of instrument amplifier U9 is connected to the collector of triode Q1, three poles
The emitter of pipe Q1 is grounded, and the base stage of triode Q1 is connected to the PE15 foot of single-chip microcontroller U1 through resistance R31.
The IN+ foot of instrument amplifier U9 is grounded through filter capacitor C29, and the IN+ foot of instrument amplifier U9 is connected to potentiometer
RW1, the both ends of potentiometer RW1 connect power supply AVCC and ground respectively.
Resistance R32 and resistance R33, the OUT foot of instrument amplifier U9 are parallel between two RG feet of instrument amplifier U9
It is successively grounded through resistance R34 and capacitor C30, the OUT foot of instrument amplifier U9 successively connects through resistance R34 and clamp diode D3
3.3V power supply, the OUT foot of instrument amplifier U9 are successively grounded through resistance R34 and clamp diode D4, the ref of instrument amplifier U9
Foot ground connection.
In specific implementation, detecting circuit is mainly by instrument amplifier U9, detector diode D2 and detection capacitor C27, C28 group
At the model AD620 of instrument amplifier U9.Signal U1 retains positive axis signal after detector diode D2, via C27,
C28, signal retain positive axis envelope signal；Since the variation of conductivity can cause minimum peak change, so will when detection
The removal of base unit weight signal, can provide after obtained signal amplification to be the analog signal of CPU acquisition.Wherein Q1R31 is release electricity
Road, effect are: when U1 peak value reduces, due to the unilateral conduction of D2, the charge of capacitor can not discharge, output voltage signal
It remains unchanged, the error for resulting in measurement increases.Therefore this can be effectively solved the problems, such as using triode Q18050 periodic discharge.
Output signal U o:Uo=(Ui-Ub) * { [49.5kR/ (R32//R33)]+1 }, wherein Ui are that U9 inputs backward end electricity
Pressure, Ub are the analog signal that potentiometer RW1 is adjusted, and C29 is filter capacitor, keeps Ub more stable.R34, D3, D4 and C30, which are constituted, to be protected
Protection circuit, D3, D4 are clamp diode, so that the signal amplitude into CPU is limited between -0.7 to 4.0 (diode forward
Pressure drop takes 0.7V to calculate), C30 is filter capacitor, so that signal measurement is stablized.
As shown in figure 8, alarm and level shifting circuit include conversion chip U10 and LED diode, 3.3V power supply passes through respectively
Current-limiting resistance RD1, current-limiting resistance RD2, current-limiting resistance RD3 connection LED diode DS2, LED diode DS1 and LED diode
The other end of one end of DS0, LED diode DS2, LED diode DS1 and LED diode DS0 is connected respectively to single-chip microcontroller U1's
PB12 foot, PB13 foot and PB14 foot；The UART1_RX/PA9 foot of the DI foot connection single-chip microcontroller U1 of conversion chip U10, conversion chip
The RO foot of U10 connects UART1_TX/PA10 foot, and the RE foot and DE foot of conversion chip U10 are all connected to the PA8 foot of single-chip microcontroller U1,
The VCC foot of conversion chip U10 is connected to the interface 4 of connecting terminal CONN, and connecting terminal CONN is used for RS485 signal and the external world
Data interaction is carried out, the interface 3 and interface 2 of connecting terminal CONN is connected to through protective resistance R35, protective resistance R36 respectively to be turned
The B foot of chip U10 and the A foot of conversion chip U10 are changed, the interface 1 of connecting terminal CONN connects the GND foot of conversion chip U10.
In specific implementation, conversion chip U10 is TTL-RS485 conversion chip, and it acts as the data of CPU acquisition process warps
It crosses serial ports and is transmitted to host computer, but TTL signal is easily disturbed, transmission range is close, increases conversion chip to solve this problem, will
TTL signal switchs to RS485 signal, and transmission range is up to 1.2km under 9600bps rate.TXD, RXD are CPU serial data hair
Sending end and receiving end, CTRL are half-duplex transmitting-receiving control；R35, R36 are protective resistance.DS0, DS1 and DS2 are red LED instruction
Lamp, indicator light are used to indicate working condition, data transmit-receive state.RD1, RD2, RD3 are current-limiting resistance.
As shown in figure 9, reduction voltage circuit includes regulator U11 and voltage stabilizing chip U12, regulator
The IN foot of U11 meets input power PIN, and the OUT foot of regulator U11 is grounded through sustained diode 5, switching voltage tune
GND foot, the ON/OFF foot of section device U11 is grounded.
The OUT foot of regulator U11 after afterflow inductance L3 is connected with the FB foot of regulator U11,
It is commonly connected to decoupling filter capacitor C31 and one end decoupling filter capacitor C32, decoupling filter capacitor C31 and decoupling filtering
The other end of capacitor C32 is grounded, and OUT foot, the FB foot of regulator U11 exports 5V power supply.
The 5V power supply of output is all connected with the VS+ foot of operational amplifier U2, operational amplifier U3
The IN foot of voltage stabilizing chip U12 connects the 5V power supply of regulator U11 output, and voltage stabilizing chip U12 will input 5V
To 3.3V, two OUT feet of voltage stabilizing chip U12 export the 3.3V power supply after pressure stabilizing for voltage pressure stabilizing, and 3.3V power supply is CPU core electrocardio
Road, instrument amplifier U9 and conversion chip U10 power supply, two OUT feet of voltage stabilizing chip U12 are grounded by decoupling capacitance C33, surely
Press the GND foot ground connection of chip U12.
In specific implementation, regulator U11 uses switching mode voltage stabilizer chip LM2596S-5.0, conversion
It is high-efficient, it is small to generate heat.The model of voltage stabilizing chip U12 is specially AMS1117.L3 is afterflow inductance, and D5 is freewheeling diode,
C31C32 is decoupling filter capacitor；The 3.3V power supply of CPU need of work is generated by U12AMS1117-3.3, will specifically input 5V
Voltage pressure stabilizing to 3.3V, C33 be decoupling capacitance.
As shown in Figure 10, power supply circuit includes electric power polarity converter U13, adjustable voltage stabilizer U14 and adjustable voltage stabilizer
U15, the CAP+ foot of electric power polarity converter U13 are connected to the CAP- foot of itself, electric power polarity converter through starting of oscillation capacitor C34
GND foot, the LV foot of U13 is grounded, and the VCC foot of electric power polarity converter U13 connects the 5V electricity of regulator U11 output
Source, the OUT foot of electric power polarity converter U13 are grounded through decoupling filter capacitor C35 and decoupling filter capacitor C36 respectively, power supply pole
The OUT foot output -5V power supply of property converter U13.
- 5V the power supply of output is connected respectively to operational amplifier U2, operational amplifier U3, operational amplifier U6, operation are put
The VS- foot of big device U7 and operational amplifier the U8, -5V power supply of output are also connected to instrument amplifier U5, instrument amplifier U9
V- foot.
IN foot of the input power PIN through inductance L4 connection adjustable voltage stabilizer U14, adjustable voltage stabilizer U14 is by input power PIN
Lowering and stabilizing blood pressure is the power supply PVCC of power amplification circuit, and the OUT foot of adjustable voltage stabilizer U14 exports power supply PVCC；Electricity
The both ends for feeling L4 are grounded through capacitor C37 and capacitor C38 respectively, and capacitor C37, inductance L4 and capacitor C38 constitute pi type filter, can
The OUT foot of voltage-stablizer U14 is adjusted to be connected through resistance R38 with the ADJ foot of itself, the both ends of resistance R38 are respectively through resistance R37 and capacitor
C39 ground connection.
The IN foot of adjustable voltage stabilizer U15 meets input power PIN through inductance L5, the both ends of inductance L5 respectively through capacitor C40 and
Capacitor C41 ground connection, capacitor C40, inductance L5 and capacitor C41 constitute pi type filter, and input power PIN drops in adjustable voltage stabilizer U15
Pressure pressure stabilizing is the power supply AVCC for receiving amplifying circuit, and the OUT foot of adjustable voltage stabilizer U15 exports power supply AVCC, adjustable
The OUT foot of voltage-stablizer U15 is connected through resistance R39 with the ADJ foot of itself, and the both ends of resistance R39 are respectively through resistance R40 and capacitor
C42 ground connection.
In specific implementation, electric power polarity converter U13 uses ICL7660 model, adjustable voltage stabilizer U14 and adjustable voltage stabilizer
U15 is all made of LM350 model.Negative pressure used in system is generated by ICL7660, and C34 is starting of oscillation capacitor, voltage pump can be made to shake
Frequency is maintained at 10kHz or so, and the power supply of the exportable -5V of 5 feet under conditions of power supply is 5V, C35, C36 are decoupling filtered electrical
Hold.U14, U15 are that it acts as decompressions by LM350, to avoid external power supply from fluctuating caused system job insecurity, respectively to defeated
Enter power supply PIN and done decompression processing, wherein C37, L4, C38 constitute pi type filter, so that the height of input power and out-put supply
Frequency crosstalk is effectively inhibited, and output voltage R37, R38 ratio determines, output voltage Uo:Uo=1.25V* (1+R37/R38)
+Iadj*R37.Iadj is negligible, and power supply PVCC is about 21.5V；U15 is similarly.
PVCC and AVCC is inputted by external power supply PIN and is depressured surely by adjustable voltage stabilizer U14 and adjustable voltage stabilizer U15 respectively
What pressure generated.Wherein PVCC is the power supply of power amplification circuit, and AVCC is the power supply for receiving amplifying circuit, is
21.5V, PVCC and AVCC divide two-way voltage purpose to be to prevent the noise coupling generated when power amplification from amplifying to signal is received
In power supply, the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving signal amplification is influenced, so separately power supply.
The entire circuit of detector 5 can be divided into power pack, emitting portion, receiving portion and detection part.Chip
U11, U12, U13, U14 and U15 constitute the power pack of detector 5.Power supply circuit is respectively that instrument and single-chip microcontroller provide surely
Fixed supply voltage.Multiple High frequency filters and low frequency filtering have been added in circuit, provide guarantee to provide stable voltage.
Chip U2, U3, U4 constitute the emitting portion of detector, and effect is the high-power sine wave of excitation, are filtered by design
Wave circuit removes noise signal, and the pure sine wave of excitation is acted on self-control sensor.Circuit is received by operational amplifier
OP07 constitutes multilevel signal amplifying circuit, voluntarily adjusts amplification factor.It is designed by exquisite transistor circuit, passes through single-chip microcontroller
Control can discharge remaining pumping signal in real time, provide safeguard for continuous several times detection.
The receiving portion of chip U5, U6, U7, U8 composition detector.This instrument cooperates high power amplifier chips to motivate surely by ARM
Determine to show after receiving the processing of signal instrument amplifier on sine wave effect self-control sensor.U9, U10 are then used as Sensor section.
The present invention breaches the integrated of traditional instrument by circuit design integration, brings convenient, Neng Goushi for user's secondary development
Now detection and control function are in one, and pass through circuit optimization, and exciting power is big, solves traditional instrument exciting power not
The problem of problem of foot is avoided in actual condition by the optimization of power-supplying circuit, outside electromagnetic interference, anti-interference energy
Power is strong.Adaptivity and reliability are improved, is suitable for popularization and application.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of adaptive soil conductivity detection device, it is characterised in that:
Including hand push frame (1), helical wheel (2), detection ship (3) and detector (5), the side of hand push frame (1) is embedded with inspection
It surveys instrument (5), detects ship (3) and helical wheel (2) is arranged in hand push frame (1), hand push frame (1) bottom, which is equipped with, is used for front and back
Mobile idler wheel；Detecting ship (3) includes detection ship matrix (10), dual probe (11), the adaptive hold-down devices (12) of probe, x-y
Linear mould group (13) and spring (14), hand push frame (1) middle part open up installation through slot, and the two sides of detection ship matrix (10) pass through
The guide rail slide block pair arranged vertically is slidably mounted in the installation through slot of hand push frame (1), and one end of spring (14) is fixed on inspection
It surveys on the flange bottom surface of ship matrix (10) side, the other end of spring (14) is fixed on hand push frame (1), so that detection ship
(3) it floats up and down and moves along guide rail slide block pair with respect to hand push frame (1) under spring (14) effect；It is internal to detect ship matrix (10)
Equipped with x-y line mould group (13), x-y line mould group (13) includes orthogonal X rail and Y rail, two X rails being parallel to each other it
Between connect and compose I-shaped x-y line mould group (13) through Y rail, two X rails being parallel to each other are separately fixed at detection ship matrix
(10) two sides, dual probe (11) are sequentially arranged on Y rail by the respective adaptive hold-down devices (12) of probe respectively, double spies
The bottom surface of head (11) detects ship matrix by the inner bottom surface for adaptive hold-down devices (12) fitting detection ship matrix (10) of popping one's head in
10 outer bottom is contacted with soil, and dual probe (11) and Y rail move the x side mobile as dual probe (11) along two X rails together
To, dual probe (11) itself along the direction y that the sliding of Y rail is moved as dual probe (11), dual probe (11) with detector (5) phase
Even；The front of hand push frame (1) is provided with rectangular straight slot, is equipped in rectangular straight slot helical wheel (2), main shaft where helical wheel (2)
Both ends be articulated with the two sides of hand push frame (1), the main shaft of helical wheel (2) is parallel to Y rail arrangement, and helical wheel (2) is led along itself
Axis is equipped with continuously distributed helical tooth, and the both ends of helical wheel (2) main shaft pass through belt wheel mechanism (8) and are connected to driving motor (9),
Driving motor (9) is mounted in hand push frame (1) rear portion, and the both ends of driving motor (9) output shaft are coaxially connected with motor band
Wheel, the electrical machine belt pulley at both ends distinguishes synchronized band (7) and the belt wheel of helical wheel (2) opposite ends constitutes belt wheel mechanism (8).
2. a kind of adaptive soil conductivity detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: hand push frame (1)
The front end of direction of travel is provided with the lifting lug (6) for manually pushing and pulling or machinery hooks.
3. a kind of adaptive soil conductivity detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the hand push frame
Device shield (4) are equipped with above frame (1), are set with belt wheel protection hood (7) outside belt wheel mechanism (8).
4. a kind of adaptive soil conductivity detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the hand push frame
Frame (1) is made of aluminum profile.
5. a kind of adaptive soil conductivity detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The detector (5) includes core cpu circuit, prime processing circuit, power amplification circuit, receives amplifying circuit, inspection
Wave circuit, alarm and level shifting circuit, reduction voltage circuit and power supply circuit,
Prime processing circuit is successively connected to detecting circuit, prime processing electricity through power amplification circuit connection, reception amplifying circuit
Road, detecting circuit and alarm and level shifting circuit are all connected to core cpu circuit, input power PIN connection reduction voltage circuit and
Power supply circuit；
Prime processing circuit inputs a signal into power amplification circuit, and power amplification circuit is sent signal by external excitation coil
To amplifying circuit is received, the signal that amplifying circuit receives power amplification circuit by receiving coil is received, receiving amplifying circuit will
Signal is input to detecting circuit, and detecting circuit outputs a signal to core cpu circuit, and input power PIN is through reduction voltage circuit, power supply
Circuit is the power supply of each circuit；
Core cpu circuit includes single-chip microcontroller U1, and the NRST foot of single-chip microcontroller U1, VREF+ foot are respectively through resistance R2, resistance R3 connection
3.3V power supply, OSC_IN foot, OSC_OUT foot, the NRST foot of single-chip microcontroller U1 are grounded through capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3 respectively, electricity
Hold and is parallel with resistance R1 and crystal oscillator X1 between C1 and capacitor C2, one end of the VREF+ foot connection zener diode D1 of single-chip microcontroller U1,
One end of zener diode D1 is also through resistance R3 connection 3.3V power supply, and the other end of zener diode D1 is grounded, single-chip microcontroller U1's
BOOT0 foot is grounded through resistance R4；
Prime processing circuit includes operational amplifier U2 and operational amplifier U3, the IN+ foot and operation amplifier of operational amplifier U2
The IN+ foot of device U3 is connected respectively to the PA4 foot and PA5 foot of single-chip microcontroller U1, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U2 is grounded through resistance R6,
The IN- foot of operational amplifier U2 passes through the OUT foot that capacitor C4 and resistance R5 is connected to itself respectively；The IN- foot of operational amplifier U3
It is grounded through resistance R7, the IN- foot of operational amplifier U3 passes through the OUT foot that capacitor C5 and resistance R8 is connected to itself respectively, and operation is put
The OUT foot of big device U2 is connected to one end of resistance R9, and the OUT foot of operational amplifier U3 is connected to one end of resistance R10, resistance R9
Potentiometer R11 and capacitor C6 are parallel between the resistance R10 other end；
Power amplification circuit includes power amplifier chips U4, and the INPR foot of power amplifier chips U4 is connected to the another of resistance R9 through capacitance C7
One end, the INNR foot of power amplifier chips U4 are connected to the other end of resistance R10, the PLIMIT foot of power amplifier chips U4 through capacitance C8
It is connected with GVDD foot and passes through capacitor C9 and be grounded, the GVDD foot and GND foot of power amplifier chips U4 is respectively through resistance R12 and resistance R13
It is connected to the GAIN/SLV foot of itself, the MUTE foot of power amplifier chips U4 is grounded through resistance R14, and the BSNR foot of power amplifier chips U4 is through electricity
Hold one end that C11 is connected to inductance L1, the OUTNR foot of power amplifier chips U4 is connected to one end of inductance L1, the other end of inductance L1
The external excitation coil of 1 interface through connecting terminal TX, the other end of inductance L1 is through capacity earth；The BSPR foot of power amplifier chips U4 passes through
Capacitor C10 is connected to one end of inductance L2, and OUTPR foot is connected to one end of inductance L2, and the other end of inductance L2 is through connecting terminal
The external excitation coil of 2 interfaces of TX, the other end of inductance L2 are also grounded through capacitor C12；
Receiving amplifying circuit includes instrument amplifier U5, operational amplifier U6, operational amplifier U7 and operational amplifier U8, instrument
The V+ foot of amplifier U5, the VS+ foot of operational amplifier U6, the VS+ foot of the VS+ foot of operational amplifier U7 and operational amplifier U8 are equal
Connect power supply AVCC；Two RG feet of instrument amplifier U5 itself are connected through resistance R18, the ref foot of instrument amplifier U5
Ground connection, is parallel with resistance R17 and capacitor C14, IN- foot through connecting terminal RX between the IN- foot and IN+ foot of instrument amplifier U5
1 interface connect receiving coil, IN- foot is also grounded through resistance R16, and the IN+ foot of instrument amplifier U5 connects through the 2 of connecting terminal RX
Mouth connection receiving coil, the OUT foot of instrument amplifier U5 are successively connected to operation amplifier through capacitor C15, capacitor C16, capacitor C17
The IN+ foot of device U6, is grounded between capacitor C15 and capacitor C16 through resistance R20, connects between capacitor C16 and capacitor C17 through resistance R21
Ground；
The IN- foot of operational amplifier U6 is grounded through resistance R19, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U6 is respectively through capacitor C18 and resistance
R22 is connected to the OUT foot of itself, and OUT foot is successively connected to the IN of operational amplifier U7 through capacitor C19, capacitor C20, capacitor C21
+ foot is grounded between capacitor C19 and capacitor C20 by resistance R23, is grounded between capacitor C20 and capacitor C21 by resistance R24,
The IN- foot of operational amplifier U7 is grounded through resistance R25, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U7 connects through capacitor C22 and resistance R26 respectively
It is connected to the OUT foot of itself,
The NC foot of operational amplifier U7 is successively connected to the IN+ foot of operational amplifier U8 through capacitor C23, capacitor C24, capacitor C25,
By being grounded between resistance R27 ground connection, capacitor C24 and capacitor C25 by resistance R28 between capacitor C2 and capacitor C24；Operation is put
The IN- foot of big device U8 is grounded through resistance R29, and the IN- foot of operational amplifier U8 is connected to certainly through capacitor C26 and resistance R30 respectively
The OUT foot of the OUT foot of body, operational amplifier U8 connects detecting circuit；
Detecting circuit includes instrument amplifier U9, detector diode D2, detection capacitor C27 and detection capacitor C28, instrument amplifier
The IN- foot of U9 is connected to the OUT foot of operational amplifier U8 through detector diode D2；The IN- foot of instrument amplifier U9 is respectively through electricity
Hold C27, capacitor C28 ground connection, the IN- foot of instrument amplifier U9 is connected to the collector of triode Q1, the emitter of triode Q1
Ground connection, the base stage of triode Q1 are connected to the PE15 foot of single-chip microcontroller U1 through resistance R31, and the IN+ foot of instrument amplifier U9 is through filtered electrical
Hold C29 ground connection, the IN+ foot of instrument amplifier U9 is connected to potentiometer RW1, and the both ends of potentiometer RW1 connect power supply respectively
AVCC and ground；Resistance R32 and resistance R33, the OUT of instrument amplifier U9 are parallel between two RG feet of instrument amplifier U9
Foot is successively grounded through resistance R34 and capacitor C30, and the OUT foot of instrument amplifier U9 successively connects through resistance R34 and clamp diode D3
3.3V power supply, the OUT foot of instrument amplifier U9 are successively grounded through resistance R34 and clamp diode D4, the ref of instrument amplifier U9
Foot ground connection；
Alarm and level shifting circuit include conversion chip U10 and LED diode, and 3.3V power supply is respectively through current-limiting resistance RD1, limit
One end of leakage resistance RD2, current-limiting resistance RD3 connection LED diode DS2, LED diode DS1 and LED diode DS0, LED bis-
The other end of pole pipe DS2, LED diode DS1 and LED diode DS0 be connected respectively to the PB12 foot of single-chip microcontroller U1, PB13 foot and
PB14 foot；The UART1_RX/PA9 foot of the DI foot connection single-chip microcontroller U1 of conversion chip U10, the RO foot connection of conversion chip U10
UART1_TX/PA10 foot, the RE foot and DE foot of conversion chip U10 are all connected to the PA8 foot of single-chip microcontroller U1, conversion chip U10's
VCC foot is connected to the interface 4 of connecting terminal CONN, and connecting terminal CONN is used to carry out data interaction, connecting terminal with the external world
The interface 3 and interface 2 of CONN is connected to the B foot and conversion core of conversion chip U10 through protective resistance R35, protective resistance R36 respectively
The A foot of piece U10, the interface 1 of connecting terminal CONN connect the GND foot of conversion chip U10；
Reduction voltage circuit includes regulator U11 and voltage stabilizing chip U12, and the IN foot of regulator U11 connects input
The OUT foot of power supply PIN, regulator U11 are grounded through sustained diode 5, the GND foot of regulator U11,
ON/OFF foot is grounded；FB foot of the OUT foot of regulator U11 through afterflow inductance L3 Yu regulator U11
After being connected, it is commonly connected to decoupling filter capacitor C31 and one end decoupling filter capacitor C32, decoupling filter capacitor C31 and moves back
The other end of coupling filter capacitor C32 is grounded, and OUT foot, the FB foot of regulator U11 exports 5V power supply, the 5V of output
Power supply connects the VS+ foot of operational amplifier U2, operational amplifier U3；
The IN foot of voltage stabilizing chip U12 connects the 5V power supply of regulator U11 output, and voltage stabilizing chip U12 will input 5V voltage
Pressure stabilizing is to 3.3V, 3.3V power supply after two OUT feet output pressure stabilizing of voltage stabilizing chip U12,3.3V power supply be core cpu circuit,
Instrument amplifier U9 and conversion chip U10 power supply, two OUT feet of voltage stabilizing chip U12 are grounded by decoupling capacitance C33, pressure stabilizing
The GND foot of chip U12 is grounded；
Power supply circuit includes electric power polarity converter U13, adjustable voltage stabilizer U14 and adjustable voltage stabilizer U15, electric power polarity converter
The CAP+ foot of U13 is connected to the CAP- foot of itself through starting of oscillation capacitor C34, and GND foot, the LV foot of electric power polarity converter U13 connects
Ground, the VCC foot of electric power polarity converter U13 meet the 5V power supply of regulator U11 output, electric power polarity converter U13
OUT foot be grounded respectively through decoupling filter capacitor C35 and decoupling filter capacitor C36, the OUT foot of electric power polarity converter U13 is defeated
Output -5V power supply out；Output -5V power supply be connected respectively to operational amplifier U2, operational amplifier U3, operational amplifier U6,
The VS- foot of operational amplifier U7 and operational amplifier the U8, -5V power supply of output are also connected to instrument amplifier U5, instrument amplification
The V- foot of device U9；
Input power PIN is depressured by IN foot of the input power PIN through inductance L4 connection adjustable voltage stabilizer U14, adjustable voltage stabilizer U14
Pressure stabilizing is the power supply PVCC of power amplification circuit, and the OUT foot of adjustable voltage stabilizer U14 exports power supply PVCC；Inductance L4
Both ends be grounded respectively through capacitor C37 and capacitor C38, capacitor C37, inductance L4 and capacitor C38 constitute pi type filter, adjustable steady
The OUT foot of depressor U14 is connected through resistance R38 with the ADJ foot of itself, and the both ends of resistance R38 are respectively through resistance R37 and capacitor C39
Ground connection；
The IN foot of adjustable voltage stabilizer U15 meets input power PIN through inductance L5, and the both ends of inductance L5 are respectively through capacitor C40 and capacitor
C41 ground connection, capacitor C40, inductance L5 and capacitor C41 constitute pi type filter, and input power PIN is depressured steady by adjustable voltage stabilizer U15
Pressure is the power supply AVCC for receiving amplifying circuit, and the OUT foot of adjustable voltage stabilizer U15 exports power supply AVCC, adjustable pressure stabilizing
The OUT foot of device U15 is connected through resistance R39 with the ADJ foot of itself, and the both ends of resistance R39 connect through resistance R40 and capacitor C42 respectively
Ground.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811518467.XA CN109669073B (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2018-12-12 | Self-adaptation soil conductivity check out test set |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811518467.XA CN109669073B (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2018-12-12 | Self-adaptation soil conductivity check out test set |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109669073A true CN109669073A (en) | 2019-04-23 |
| CN109669073B CN109669073B (en) | 2020-05-26 |
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