CN109668783A - Unstability centrifugal model test test macro in Shield Tunneling face under the conditions of seepage flow - Google Patents
Unstability centrifugal model test test macro in Shield Tunneling face under the conditions of seepage flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN109668783A CN109668783A CN201811603293.7A CN201811603293A CN109668783A CN 109668783 A CN109668783 A CN 109668783A CN 201811603293 A CN201811603293 A CN 201811603293A CN 109668783 A CN109668783 A CN 109668783A
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- seepage flow
- tunneling face
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
- G01L1/246—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre using integrated gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
Abstract
The invention discloses unstability centrifugal model test test macros in Shield Tunneling face under the conditions of seepage flow, FBG sensor of the invention is exported signal by fiber grating, advanced fiber grating sensing technology is used for Shield Tunneling face unstability centrifugal model test under the conditions of seepage flow for the first time, the variation characteristic that excavation face supporting power in the Instability of Shield Tunneling face can be obtained in high precision, in real time, instructs practical shield tunnel construction.The present invention in real time, is accurately controlled in centrifugal field using geotechnical centrifuge manipulator and excavates slab movement and recession rate, the present invention realizes the Shield Tunneling face unstability centrifugal model test under different tunnel longitudinal slopes angle by geotechnical centrifuge manipulator and angle adjustment device, it is skillfully constructed, it is easily achieved, the present invention program is reasonable, structure is simple, uses equipment routine, with good economic efficiency and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tunnel model test fields, and in particular to Shield Tunneling face unstability centrifugal mold under the conditions of seepage flow
Type test system.
Background technique
The stability control of excavation face is still a problem urgently to be resolved in shield tunnel construction, and excavation face supporting
The Rational choice of power is the key problem for solving this problem.Excavation face supporting power is to influence excavation face stabilization and the soil body is caused to disturb
Dynamic major reason, if control is improper will to generate serious safety accident.Supporting power is too small to lead to the soil body in front of excavation face
Largely enter Pressure chamber, causes surface subsidence, and supporting power is excessive, is easy to produce surface uplift problem, gives Adjacent Buildings band
Carry out adverse effect, so the research reasonable control range of shield tunnel construction excavation face supporting power is to optimization constructing tunnel technique and the palm
Ground disturbance rule is held to be of great significance.
It is largely ground currently, many scholars have carried out for the supporting power changing rule under the instability status of Shield Tunneling face
Study carefully, but supporting power size when field measurement is difficult to obtain excavation face unstability, and centrifugal model test on model by applying
The bulk density for adding centrifugal intertia force to make model increases, to keep the stress state of model consistent with prototype, therefore, it has become mainstreams to grind
Study carefully means.The patent of invention such as introduced application No. is 201310205889.2 has developed domestic outside set and is suitable for simulation stable state infiltration
The centrifugal model device of shield tunneling face unstability is flowed down, but the device can continue perfect place there is also some: on the one hand,
Geotechnical centrifuge manipulator compares the step motor control displacement on cutting face that the device uses, can be more smart in centrifugal field
Really, real-time control；On the other hand, " research at wedge-shaped body Model slip-crack surface inclination angle in shield construction ", " meet shield under the conditions of slope
Tunnel excavation face limit support power calculates and analysis " etc. documents concluded that the calculating of Shield Tunneling face stability
It is distinct with flat slope condition, and influence of the gradient to its stability is obvious, in actual design and work progress, should give specific
Consider.It can be seen that research Shield Tunneling face limit support power and the relationship at tunnel longitudinal slope angle are very necessary, but the dress
It sets and is not described related content；Finally, the experimental test excavation face supporting power instrument is pressure sensor, tested examination hall
Domain electromagnetic environmental impact is larger, and each measuring point lead-out wire is formed by a big beam conducting wire bunchy binding, occupies most collection
Annular space is flowed, is interfered with each other in signals transmission, greatly affected measuring accuracy.In addition, the size of geo- textile technique
Smaller, for length between 0.20~1.5m, traditional electrical sensor size is generally bigger than normal, can produce under the effect of gravity to model
Raw larger impact, therefore, centrifugal model test need high speed, stable, strong antijamming capability signal conversion, transmission and processing system
System.
In recent years, the rise of optical fiber sensing technology provides a new class of technology and means to engineering monitoring field.With it is normal
Resistance-type, type vibration wire or the inductance type transducer of rule are compared, and fiber grating is not only small in size, precision is high, anti-electromagnetic field interferes, is resistance to
Long property is good, also has and is easily achieved quasi-distributed and automatic monitoring advantage.In terms of civil structure health monitoring, optical fiber cloth
Glug grating (FBG) is since the advantages that its sensing sensitivity is high, good reliability, is widely used, such as pile foundation, side slope, large size
Cavern etc..
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above shortcomings and to provide Shield Tunneling face unstabilitys under the conditions of a kind of seepage flow to be centrifuged
Model test test macro,
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes the model casing for being fixed on geotechnical centrifuge in hanging basket；
Model casing includes chamber, be provided in chamber semicircle shield shell and excavation face board group at cavity, chamber
Body bottom is provided with angle adjustment device, excavates panel outer surface and is covered with the permeable filter membrane of PVD, chamber side is provided with vertically
Partition is provided with several overflow holes on vertical baffle, and water supplying pipe is provided at the top of chamber, has building centrifuge outside chamber
Manipulator, building centrifuge manipulator connect the second transmission rod, hinged first transmission rod of the second transmission rod, and the first transmission rod protrudes into
Semicircle shield shell and excavation face board group at cavity in, the end of the first transmission rod is fixed with stainless steel rod iron, stainless steel rod iron
End is fixed with panel is excavated, and stainless steel rod iron is internally provided with fiber grating, and stainless steel rod iron and fiber grating composition FBG are passed
Sensor.
Angle adjustment device includes that the supporting block of cavity bottom is arranged in, and supporting block bottom is provided with angular adjustment cushion block,
Angular adjustment cushion block passes through the fixed device limit of cushion block.
Water storage box is set below chamber, and cavity connects the first drainpipe, and overflow hole connects the second drainpipe, the first draining
Pipe and the second drainpipe access water storage box, and the water inlet pipe road of water storage box is provided with solenoid valve.
The end face of chamber and cavity is vertical baffle, is provided between vertical baffle and model casing several for fixed vertical
The support rod of partition.
Leading flank is made by inlaying high-strength transparent special glass in high-strength aluminium frame in chamber, liner transparent plexiglass plate,
Convenient for soil body situation in observation tunnel excavation face Instability.Fiber grating connects fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator by communication cable,
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects terminal by radio transmitting device.
Lower instrument bin is provided at the top of geotechnical centrifuge, fiber grating demodulation, which is screwed, to be installed in lower instrument bin
On top cover, welding wire jumper is distinguished at communication cable both ends, connect respectively with fiber grating (3) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (32).
The end of first transmission rod and the inner surface for excavating panel are respectively and fixedly provided with nut, and the both ends of stainless steel rod iron open up
There is the external screw thread matched with nut, the both ends of stainless steel rod iron are fixed in nut.
The pivoted arm both ends of geotechnical centrifuge are provided with hanging basket, one of hanging basket stent molding box, another hanging basket is consolidated
Determine ballast box.
Compared with prior art, FBG sensor of the invention is exported signal by fiber grating, for the first time by advanced light
Fiber grating sensing technique is used for Shield Tunneling face unstability centrifugal model test under the conditions of seepage flow, can in high precision, in real time
The variation characteristic of excavation face supporting power in the Instability of Shield Tunneling face is obtained, practical shield tunnel construction is instructed.This hair
It is bright that using geotechnical centrifuge manipulator, in real time, accurately control excavation slab movement and recession rate, the present invention are logical in centrifugal field
It crosses geotechnical centrifuge manipulator and angle adjustment device realizes that the Shield Tunneling face unstability under different tunnel longitudinal slopes angle is centrifuged
Model test is skillfully constructed, it is easy to accomplish, the present invention program is reasonable, and structure is simple, using equipment routine, has good warp
Benefit of helping and social benefit.
Further, the data such as the deformation information during the present invention carries out test are equipped with wireless by (FBG) demodulator
Transmitting device is transmitted on the indoor terminal of monitoring in real time, user is facilitated to observe and record in real time test process
The deformation of middle model.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the main view of model casing in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the side of model casing in the present invention attempts；
Fig. 4 is the side view of support block structure in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of angular adjustment cushion block in the present invention；
Wherein, 1- semicircle shield shell, 2- excavate panel, 3- fiber grating, 4- stainless steel rod iron, 5- communication cable, 6- spiral shell
Line, 7- nut, the first transmission rod of 8-, the permeable filter membrane of 9-PVD, the second transmission rod of 11-, 12- support rod, 13- solenoid valve, 14- branch
Bracer, the first drainpipe of 15-, 16- angular adjustment cushion block, the fixed device of 17- cushion block, 18- water level face, 19- overflow hole, 20- soil
Work centrifuge, 21- flange, 22- geotechnical centrifuge manipulator, 23- water supplying pipe, the second drainpipe of 24-, 25- vertical baffle, 26-
Limbers, 27- water storage box, 28-L fashioned iron piece, 29- glass, 30- poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, instrument bin under 31-, 32- fiber grating demodulation
Instrument, 33- radio transmitting device, 34- terminal, 35- model casing, 36- hanging basket, 37- pivoted arm, 38- ballast box.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to figure 1, figure 2 and figure 3, the present invention includes the model casing for being fixed on geotechnical centrifuge 20 in hanging basket 36
35；
Model casing 35 includes chamber, and semicircle shield shell 1 is provided in chamber and excavates the chamber that panel 2 forms
Body, cavity bottom are provided with angle adjustment device, excavate 2 outer surface of panel and are covered with the permeable filter membrane 9 of PVD, chamber side is set
It is equipped with vertical baffle 25, several overflow holes 19 are provided on vertical baffle 25, water level face 18 is identical as 19 height of overflow hole, test
Box top is provided with water supplying pipe 23, has building centrifuge manipulator 22 outside chamber, the connection of building centrifuge manipulator 22 the
Two transmission rods 11, hinged first transmission rod 8 of the second transmission rod 11, the first transmission rod 8 protrude into semicircle shield shell 1 and excavate panel 2
In the cavity of composition, the end of the first transmission rod 8 is fixed with stainless steel rod iron 4, and stainless steel rod iron 4 is internally provided with fiber grating
3, stainless steel rod iron 4 and fiber grating 3 form FBG sensor, are exported signal by fiber grating 3.The end of first transmission rod 8
Portion and the inner surface for excavating panel 2 are respectively and fixedly provided with nut 7, the both ends of stainless steel rod iron 4 offer matched with nut 7 it is outer
Screw thread 6, the both ends of stainless steel rod iron 4 are fixed in nut 7.
Referring to fig. 4 and Fig. 5, angle adjustment device include that the supporting block 14 of cavity bottom is arranged in, and 14 bottom of supporting block is set
It is equipped with angular adjustment cushion block 16, angular adjustment cushion block 16 is limited by the fixed device 17 of cushion block.
Water storage box 27 is set below chamber, cavity connects the first drainpipe 15, and overflow hole 19 connects the second drainpipe 24,
First drainpipe 15 and the second drainpipe 24 access water storage box 27, and the water inlet pipe road of water storage box 27 is provided with solenoid valve 13.
The end face of chamber and cavity is vertical baffle 25, and effect is to increase the rigidity of model casing 35 and the area Zhuan Tu and loading device
Battery limits separate, and are provided between vertical baffle 25 and model casing 35 several for fixing the support rod 12 of vertical baffle 25, guarantee
Vertical baffle 25 is indeformable, and chamber leading flank is made by inlaying high-strength transparent special glass 29 in high-strength aluminium frame, and liner is transparent to be had
Machine glass plate 30, convenient for soil body situation in observation tunnel excavation face Instability.Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 32 is passed using single channel
Transmission of data connects terminal 34 by radio transmitting device 33.The top of geotechnical centrifuge 20 is provided with lower instrument bin 31,
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 32, which is screwed, to be installed on the top cover of lower instrument bin 31, and 5 both ends of communication cable are distinguished welding and jumped
Line, one end are connect with fiber grating 3, and the other end is connect with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 32.37 both ends of pivoted arm of geotechnical centrifuge 20
It is provided with hanging basket, one of hanging basket stent molding box 35, another hanging basket fixed weight case 38.
Preferably, semicircle 1 interior diameter 100mm of shield shell, wall thickness 5mm, long 200mm is placed in supporting block 14, semicircle
1 cavity of shield shell is towards 30 direction of poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, to prevent soil in model casing 35, water along semicircle shield shell 1 and model casing
Sealed compartment is leak at 35 contact surface gap, contact surface is wrapped with gauze and smears glass cement.In semicircle 1 other side of shield shell
35 back welding of model casing connect two pieces of L-type steel pieces 28 and supporting block 14 is closely connected, to fixed support block 14；It excavates 2 thickness of panel
For 10mm, diameter 100mm, uniform pore openings type aluminium sheet is fabricated to simulate the case where tunnel excavation face is by osmotic pressure.
20 model of geotechnical centrifuge use TLJ-3 type geotechnical centrifuge, centrifugal model test be by apply centrifugal force come
Increase the weight stress of the model soil body, is in identical ess-strain environment with model to reach prototype.
The semicircle shield shell 1 includes 3, the centrifugal test being respectively suitable under the operating condition of different tunnel longitudinal slopes angle.To make
Semicircle 1 tail end of shield shell is fitted closely with vertical baffle 25, is prevented water from flowing out sealed compartment, is cut away in semicircle 1 tail end of shield shell
A part, cutting angle are equal with tunnel longitudinal slope angle.
It excavates and sticks the permeable filter membrane 9 of PVD before panel 2, for the benefit of the stickup sand paper of filter membrane is polished panel 2 is excavated slightly
It is rough, then with acetone and alcohol wipe.One layer of vaseline is uniformly smeared between panel 2 and semicircle 1 gap of shield shell excavating, can be reached
To the effect for reducing frictional force and waterproof between excavation panel 2 and semicircle shield shell 1.
Geotechnical centrifuge manipulator 22 carry out it is four-axle linked, including X-axis, Y-axis, the linear motion of Z axis and C axis rotate, often
A direction manipulates geotechnical centrifuge all by independent motor driven to realize that four axis are accurately positioned, using computer and control software
Manipulator 22 excavates the displacement and recession rate of panel 2 to control.
When fiber grating 3 is built in stainless steel rod iron 4, it is fixed simultaneously that the glue of ALTECO epoxide resin AB is applied using syringe
It plays a protective role, pays attention to smoothening when smearing epoxide-resin glue, avoid generating bubble.
Angular adjustment cushion block 16 is the Al alloy block of different height, the corresponding angular adjustment pad in each tunnel longitudinal slope angle
Block 16, the fixed device 17 of 1 cushion block is welded in 35 bottom of model casing for being close to 16 front of angular adjustment cushion block, according to what is measured
The prior design angle in tunnel longitudinal slope angle adjusts the height of cushion block 16.Groove, groove slant face are carved in 16 faces on angular adjustment cushion block
It is equal with tunnel longitudinal slope angle, supporting block 14 is placed in above groove, ensures that shield sensing model is fixed in the case where being centrifuged field action
It is motionless.
Radio transmitting device 33 includes 2 routers, the shaft of instrument bin 31 and protective cover point under geotechnical centrifuge 20
Not An Zhuan 1 router, pass through the bridge joint of two routers to realize the wireless transmission of signal.
Working method of the invention the following steps are included:
Model equipment in model casing and case is put into geotechnical centrifuge hanging basket and fixation, starts centrifugal device by step 1,
Pivoted arm drives hanging basket to make high speed rotary motion, and the pivoted arm other end is equipped with ballast box and is used to guarantee that pivoted arm in the process of running can
Keep balance；
Step 2, centrifugal acceleration are gradually increased to 60g and stablize 10~20min, supply water supplying pipe by remote control switch
Water, the first drainpipe and the draining of the second drainpipe, this stage guarantee that excavation positions of panels is constant by geotechnical centrifuge manipulator；
Step 3, when excavating formation stable percolation in front of panel, gradually panel is excavated in recession；
Step 4, when excavation panel horizontal displacement: when S < 2mm, excavating panel recession speed v=00.1mmmmin；Work as 2mm
When < S < 6mm, v00.2mmmmin；As 6mm≤S < 10mm, v00.4mmmmin；As S010mm, v00；
Step 5, centrifugal acceleration are gradually reduced to 0 by 60g, by model equipment in model casing and case hang out geotechnique from
Scheming hanging basket.During the test, the recession displacement for excavating panel is monitored by geotechnical centrifuge manipulator control software, and
The supporting power excavated on panel is sensed in real time by the fiber grating being embedded on transmission rod, is equipped with by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator
Radio transmitting device is transmitted on the indoor terminal of monitoring in real time, user is facilitated to observe and record in real time test
The deformation of model in the process.
The present invention is for the first time by fiber grating sensing technology applied to Shield Tunneling face unstability centrifugal mold under the conditions of seepage flow
The measurement of excavation face supporting power in type test, and utilize the angle adjustment device introduction of geotechnical centrifuge manipulator and autonomous Design
Meet the experimental rig structure under the operating condition of different tunnel longitudinal slopes angle.
Claims (7)
1. unstability centrifugal model test test macro in Shield Tunneling face under the conditions of seepage flow, which is characterized in that including for solid
It is scheduled on the model casing (35) on geotechnical centrifuge (20) in hanging basket (36)；
Model casing (35) includes chamber, and semicircle shield shell (1) is provided in chamber and excavates the chamber of panel (2) composition
Body, cavity bottom are provided with angle adjustment device, excavate panel (2) outer surface and are covered with the permeable filter membrane of PVD (9), chamber one
Side is provided with vertical baffle (25), is provided on vertical baffle (25) several overflow holes (19), is provided with water supply at the top of chamber
It manages (23), there is building centrifuge manipulator (22) outside chamber, building centrifuge manipulator (22) connects the second transmission rod
(11), hinged first transmission rod (8) of the second transmission rod (11), the first transmission rod (8) protrude into semicircle shield shell (1) and excavate panel
(2) in the cavity formed, the end of the first transmission rod (8) is fixed with stainless steel rod iron (4), setting inside stainless steel rod iron (4)
Have fiber grating (3), stainless steel rod iron (4) and fiber grating (3) form FBG sensor.
2. unstability centrifugal model test test macro in Shield Tunneling face under the conditions of seepage flow according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, angle adjustment device includes that the supporting block (14) of cavity bottom is arranged in, and the setting of supporting block (14) bottom is angled
It adjusts cushion block (16), angular adjustment cushion block (16) is limited by cushion block fixed device (17).
3. unstability centrifugal model test test macro in Shield Tunneling face under the conditions of seepage flow according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, water storage box (27) are arranged below chamber, and cavity connects the first drainpipe (15), and overflow hole (19) connects second row
Water pipe (24), the first drainpipe (15) and the second drainpipe (24) access water storage box (27), the water inlet pipe road of water storage box (27)
On be provided with solenoid valve (13).
4. unstability centrifugal model test test macro in Shield Tunneling face under the conditions of seepage flow according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, is provided between vertical baffle (25) and model casing (35) several for fixing the support rod of vertical baffle (25)
(12)。
5. unstability centrifugal model test test macro in Shield Tunneling face under the conditions of seepage flow according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, fiber grating (3) passes through communication cable (5) connection fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (32), fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (32)
Terminal (34) are connected by radio transmitting device (33).
6. unstability centrifugal model test test macro in Shield Tunneling face under the conditions of seepage flow according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that, be provided at the top of geotechnical centrifuge (20) lower instrument bin (31), fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (32) is fixed on lower instrument
On device storehouse (31) top cover, communication cable (5) both ends distinguish welding wire jumper, respectively with fiber grating (3) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator
(32) it connects.
7. unstability centrifugal model test test macro in Shield Tunneling face under the conditions of seepage flow according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the end of the first transmission rod (8) and the inner surface for excavating panel (2) are respectively and fixedly provided with nut (7), stainless steel rod iron
(4) both ends offer the external screw thread (6) matched with nut (7), and the both ends of stainless steel rod iron (4) are fixed on nut (7)
It is interior.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811603293.7A CN109668783A (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | Unstability centrifugal model test test macro in Shield Tunneling face under the conditions of seepage flow |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811603293.7A CN109668783A (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | Unstability centrifugal model test test macro in Shield Tunneling face under the conditions of seepage flow |
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|---|---|
| CN109668783A true CN109668783A (en) | 2019-04-23 |
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| CN201811603293.7A Pending CN109668783A (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | Unstability centrifugal model test test macro in Shield Tunneling face under the conditions of seepage flow |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110160457A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-23 | 清华大学 | Geotechnical centrifugal model test three-dimensional whole field deformation measuring device and method |
| CN110346216A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-10-18 | 太原理工大学 | Three axis load testing machine of coal and rock and method in the case of a kind of simulation driving disturbance |
| CN110398414A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-11-01 | 广西大学 | The model test apparatus and test method of excavation face unstability under the conditions of seepage flow artesian water |
| CN110554169A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-10 | 西南交通大学 | tunnel excavation process simulation test device and method |
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| CN111272980B (en) * | 2020-02-29 | 2024-04-19 | 西南石油大学 | Simulation system and experimental method for regulating shield floating of mudstone stratum |
| CN112229742A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-15 | 广东省高速公路有限公司 | Standard penetration test simulation equipment in centrifugal model test |
| CN112229742B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2023-06-20 | 广东省高速公路有限公司 | Standard penetration test simulation equipment in centrifugal model test |
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| CN113281491B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-03-22 | 中国海洋大学 | Slurry shield excavation face stable model test system |
| CN113281491A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-20 | 中国海洋大学 | Slurry shield excavation face stable model test system |
| CN113720994A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-30 | 广西大学 | Device and method for testing stability of shield tunnel excavation surface under spring condition |
| CN113720994B (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2023-08-01 | 广西大学 | Device and method for testing stability of excavation face of shield tunnel under spring condition |
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Application publication date: 20190423 |