CN113281491A - Slurry shield excavation face stable model test system - Google Patents
Slurry shield excavation face stable model test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113281491A CN113281491A CN202110640151.3A CN202110640151A CN113281491A CN 113281491 A CN113281491 A CN 113281491A CN 202110640151 A CN202110640151 A CN 202110640151A CN 113281491 A CN113281491 A CN 113281491A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunnel model tests, in particular to a muddy water shield excavation surface stable model test system. The slurry shield tunnel model device is connected with the model box through the variable-angle clamp device, the slurry shield tunnel model device is connected with the variable-gradient propelling device, the variable-angle clamp device is connected with the variable-gradient propelling device through the angle cooperative adjusting device, and the data monitoring and collecting mechanism monitors and collects parameters in the model box. The system can be used for researching the influence of different longitudinal gradients on the stability of the tunnel excavation surface, and enriches the model test scheme for researching the stability of the shield excavation surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunnel model tests, in particular to a muddy water shield excavation surface stable model test system.
Background
In recent years, the shield tunnel technology in China is developing towards large section, long distance and complex hydrogeological conditions such as river or seabed crossing. The larger the shield excavation diameter is, the larger the excavation section is (6m grade shield section 29 m)210m grade 79m215m grade 177m2) The disturbance of the shield on the stratum is increased, and the instability and the damage of the excavation face are caused by the overlarge or insufficient effective supporting pressure of the excavation face, so that the reasonable supporting pressure is very important for stabilizing the excavation face of the large-diameter shield and optimizing the tunnel construction process.
Because the instability of the excavation surface belongs to the failure working condition, the actual engineering is not suitable for research, and model tests or theoretical analysis are the main research approaches at present. The 1g physical model test is convenient to operate and widely applied to tunnel stability analysis. The existing physical model test usually simplifies the tunnel into a horizontally placed hollow cylinder to research the stability problem of the excavation surface under various working conditions, but the problem is not solved in the actual engineering. For example, the depth of the underwater soil in an underwater tunnel is far lower than the ground, and the longitudinal slope angle of the tunnel is larger than the horizontal slope angle. The large-gradient shield tunnel can be rapidly lifted within a short horizontal distance, and due to the influence of the longitudinal slope angle of the tunnel, the working face stability calculation is different from the working condition under the condition of a horizontal slope. Therefore, when determining the supporting force of the tunnel excavation surface, it is necessary to consider the combined influence of the longitudinal slope angle of the tunnel and the complex ground to ensure the safety of the tunnel construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a slurry shield excavation surface stable model test system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a model test system is stabilized to slurry shield excavation face, including the mold box, wherein, still include variable slope advancing device, slurry shield tunnel model device, variable angle fixture device, angle adjusting device and data monitoring acquisition mechanism in coordination, slurry shield tunnel model device sets up in the mold box, slurry shield tunnel model device passes through variable angle fixture device and is connected with the mold box, slurry shield tunnel model device is connected with variable slope advancing device, be connected through angle adjusting device in coordination between variable angle fixture device and the variable slope advancing device, data monitoring acquisition mechanism monitors and gathers the parameter in the mold box.
In the invention, the variable-gradient propulsion device comprises a base, an angle control plate, an adjusting back plate, a hydraulic propeller and a lifting gripper, wherein two parallel angle control plates are fixed on the base, the adjusting back plate is positioned between the two angle control plates and is rotationally connected with the angle control plates, a buckle is fixed at the upper part of the side surface of the adjusting back plate, an arc-shaped arc notch is correspondingly arranged on the angle control plate and is arranged in the arc notch, a plurality of clamping grooves which are divided according to angles are arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the arc notch, the buckle is fixed in the clamping grooves, a straight notch is arranged at the lower part of the side surface of the adjusting back plate, a cylindrical tenon is correspondingly fixed on the inner side surface of the angle control plate and is slidably inserted into the straight notch, a hoisting hole is arranged at the middle position of the upper part of the adjusting back plate, the lifting gripper is, the horizontal beam slides along the arc-shaped inner side surface of the supporting steel frame, the lifting grab clamp drives the adjusting back plate to rotate through the hoisting hole, the supporting steel frame is fixed above the angle control plate, and the hydraulic propeller is fixed in the middle of the adjusting back plate.
The lateral surface of angle control board just is located the below of circular arc notch and is marked with the angle scale. The rotation angle of the adjusting back plate can be accurately adjusted through the angle scales in the rotation process of the adjusting back plate, so that the longitudinal gradient of the hydraulic propeller can be accurately controlled.
And a plurality of lifting control jacks are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the base. The height of the base is adjusted by lifting the control jack.
The slurry shield tunnel model device comprises a shield shell, a transmission rod, a filter screen, a perforated panel and a propelling panel, wherein a cavity is arranged in the shield shell, the perforated panel is fixed at one end of the shield shell, the filter screen is fixed on the inner surface of the perforated panel, the other end of the shield shell is in an open shape, the transmission rod and the propelling panel are both positioned between the shield shells, one end of the transmission rod is fixedly connected with the propelling panel, and the other end of the transmission rod is connected with a hydraulic propeller;
impel the panel and include fixed panel and rotation panel, fixed panel's lateral surface and transfer line fixed connection, fixed panel's medial surface rotates and is connected with the rotation panel, the position department that corresponds with fixed panel on the rotation panel all is equipped with the round hole that link up, the interior pore wall of round hole is equipped with the internal thread that is used for slip casting tube coupling, be fixed with the rotation handle on the rotation panel, the other end that rotates the handle passes the circular arc notch on the fixed panel, the rotation handle slides and sets up in the circular arc notch.
An infrared emitter is arranged at the center of the front end of the hydraulic thruster, and a reflective sheet is correspondingly arranged at the center of the rear end of the transmission rod. The infrared emitter and the reflector are used for judging whether the transmission rod and the hydraulic thruster are in a coaxial state or not, and when the transmission rod and the hydraulic thruster are coaxial, the transmission rod and the hydraulic thruster are connected.
The rubber sealing strip is pasted on the annular outer side of the fixing panel and is located between the fixing panel and the inner wall of the shield shell.
The variable-angle clamp device comprises a three-jaw chuck and a lifting support, the three-jaw chuck comprises a chuck base, sliding jaws, a gear, an internal gear and a control handle, the internal gear is fixed on the inner surface of the chuck base and is positioned on the outer side of the shield shell, the control handle is fixed on the outer surface of the chuck base, a plurality of sliding jaws are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the internal gear, racks are arranged on the sliding jaws, the corresponding gears with the number corresponding to that of the sliding jaws are arranged on the inner side of the internal gear, the gear is in meshing transmission with the racks of the sliding jaws, and one end of each sliding jaw is in contact with the outer surface of the shield shell;
the bottom of the three-jaw chuck is connected with the lifting support through a hinge piece. In the lifting process of the lifting support, the angle adjustment and setting of the slurry shield tunnel model device can be completed, and the height of the slurry shield tunnel model device can be adjusted according to the tunnel burial depth.
The angle cooperation adjusting device comprises arc-shaped connecting pieces, a second connecting rod, a first connecting rod and a third connecting rod which are symmetrically arranged in pairs, two arc-shaped connecting pieces are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the chuck base, the arc-shaped connecting pieces are connected with one ends of the first connecting rods through the second connecting rods, the other ends of the first connecting rods are connected with the adjusting back plate through the third connecting rods, the arc-shaped connecting pieces are fixedly connected with the chuck base, one ends of the second connecting rods are fixedly connected with the arc-shaped connecting pieces, the other ends of the second connecting rods are hinged to the first connecting rods, a connecting plate is fixed on the third connecting rods, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the adjusting back plate.
The protractor is fixed at the end part of the second connecting rod connected with the first connecting rod, and the mark line is correspondingly arranged on the first connecting rod. The angle between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod can be measured through the marking line and the protractor.
The slurry shield tunnel model device comprises a model box and a slurry shield tunnel model device, wherein the model box comprises a steel framework, toughened glass and a temporary load applying mechanism, a travelling track is arranged at the top of the steel framework along the length direction of the steel framework, a travelling beam is erected above the steel framework and moves along the travelling track, a round hole is formed in the side surface of the toughened glass, the slurry shield tunnel model device extends into the model box through the round hole, and the diameter of the round hole is larger than that of the slurry shield tunnel model device;
the temporary load applying mechanism comprises a jack, a load controller and a load plate, the jack is arranged on the travelling beam, the load plate is fixed at the bottom of the jack, the jack is connected with the load controller, and the jack moves along the travelling beam.
Waterproof rubber curtain cloth is adhered around the round hole to prevent water and soil loss in the model box.
The data monitoring and collecting mechanism comprises a grating displacement sensor, a grating pressure sensor, a transmission optical fiber, a data collecting instrument, an optical fiber demodulator, a high-speed camera and an analysis computer, wherein the grating displacement sensor is arranged in a soil layer of the model box at intervals, the grating pressure sensor is arranged on the perforated panel or the propelling panel at intervals, and the transmission optical fiber, the data collecting instrument, the optical fiber regulator and the analysis computer are sequentially connected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device capable of researching the influence of different longitudinal gradients on the stability of the tunnel excavation surface is provided, and a model test scheme for researching the stability of the shield excavation surface is enriched;
(2) by arranging the angle cooperative adjusting device, two ends of the angle cooperative adjusting device are respectively connected with the variable angle clamp device and the variable gradient propelling device, so that the development of a plurality of groups of shield tunnel tests with different gradients is facilitated, and the test accuracy is ensured;
(3) the slurry shield tunnel model device is a tunnel model capable of simulating slurry shield pressure slurry permeation film forming, and the test is closer to the actual engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a variable-grade propulsion device;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the variable-grade propulsion device at a first longitudinal grade;
FIG. 4 is a right side view of the variable-grade propulsion device at a second longitudinal grade;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a slurry shield tunnel model device;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the three-jaw chuck;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the cooperative angle adjusting device;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a monitoring layout of a grating displacement sensor;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a monitoring profile of a grating pressure sensor.
In the figure: 1, a steel frame; 2, tempering glass; 3, a running track; 4, a travelling beam; 5, a jack; 6, loading a plate; 7, a shield shell; 8 a three-jaw chuck; 9 an articulation member; 10 lifting the support; 11 a transmission rod; 12 a hydraulic thruster; 13 supporting the steel frame; 14 lifting the grab clamp; 15 hoisting holes; 16 adjusting the back plate; 17 an angle control plate; 18 a base; 19 lifting control jack; 20 loading a controller; 21 a transmission fiber; 22 a data acquisition instrument; 23, a fiber optic demodulator; a 24 high-speed camera; 25 an analysis computer; 26, buckling; 27 circular arc notches; 28 a cylindrical tenon; 29 straight slot openings; 30 a first link; 31 a second link; a 32 arc-shaped connector; 33 bolts; 34 a third link; 35 connection, plate; 36 a protractor; 37 a marking line; 38 a filter screen; 39 opening a panel; 40 arc notches; 41 rotating the handle; 42 rotating the panel; 43 rubber water stop strips; 44 circular holes; 45 fixing the panel; 46 a chuck base; 47 a sliding jaw; 48 gears; 49 internal gear; 50 a control handle; 51 a grating displacement sensor; a 52 grating pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention can be implemented in a number of ways different from those described herein and similar generalizations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1, the slurry shield excavation surface stable model test system comprises a model box, a variable-gradient propulsion device, a slurry shield tunnel model device, a variable-angle clamp device, an angle cooperative adjustment device and a data monitoring and collecting mechanism, wherein the slurry shield tunnel model device is arranged in the model box, the slurry shield tunnel model device is connected with the model box through the variable-angle clamp device, the slurry shield tunnel model device is connected with the variable-gradient propulsion device, the variable-angle clamp device is connected with the variable-gradient propulsion device through the angle cooperative adjustment device, and the data monitoring and collecting mechanism is connected with the model box.
As shown in fig. 1, the model box in the embodiment is a cuboid, and comprises a steel frame 1, toughened glass 2 and a temporary load applying mechanism, wherein the toughened glass 2 is arranged on the side surface of the steel frame 1, so that the working condition of the slurry shield tunnel model device in the model box can be observed conveniently. Contain experimental soil, steel frame 1's top is equipped with driving track 3 along its length direction, and driving beam 4 has been erect to steel frame 1's top, and driving beam 4 moves along driving track 3, and open one side of toughened glass 2 has a round hole, and in the slurry shield tunnel model device stretched into the mold box through this round hole, the diameter of round hole was greater than slurry shield tunnel model device's diameter to change slurry shield tunnel model device's vertical slope in the experimentation. Waterproof rubber curtain cloth is adhered around the round hole to prevent water and soil loss in the model box. The temporary load applying mechanism comprises a jack 5, a load controller 20 and a load plate 6, wherein the jack 5 is arranged on the travelling beam 4, the load plate 6 is fixed at the bottom of the jack 5, the jack 5 is connected with the load controller 20, and the load controller 20 is used for controlling the pressure of the jack 5 so as to control the pressure of the load plate 6 applied on the test soil body. The jack 5 is driven to move while the travelling crane beam 4 moves along the travelling crane track 3, and meanwhile, the jack 5 can move along the travelling crane beam 4, so that the jack 5 can apply temporary load at any position.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the variable-gradient propulsion device includes a base 18, two angle control plates 17, an adjusting back plate 16, a hydraulic thruster 12 and a lifting gripper 14, wherein the base 18 is fixed with the two parallel angle control plates 17, the adjusting back plate 16 is located between the two angle control plates 17, and the adjusting back plate 16 is slidably connected with the angle control plates 17. The upper part of the side surface of the adjusting back plate 16 is fixed with a buckle 26, the angle control plate 17 is correspondingly provided with an arc-shaped arc notch 27, and the buckle 26 is arranged in the arc notch 27. The inner wall of the bottom of the arc notch 27 is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves which are divided according to angles and are used for clamping the buckle 26. The lower part of the side surface of the adjusting back plate 16 is provided with a straight groove opening 29, a cylindrical tenon 28 is correspondingly fixed on the angle control plate 17, the cylindrical tenon 28 is inserted into the straight groove opening 29, and the cylindrical tenon 28 can slide up and down in the straight groove opening 29. The middle position on the upper portion of the adjusting back plate 16 is provided with a hoisting hole 15, a lifting grab 14 is arranged right above the hoisting hole 15, the lifting grab 14 is fixed on the horizontal beam, two ends of the horizontal beam are respectively connected with the circular arc-shaped supporting steel frame 13 in a sliding mode, namely the horizontal beam can slide along the circular arc-shaped inner side face of the supporting steel frame 13, and the supporting steel frame 13 is fixed above the angle control plate 17. The hydraulic thruster 12 is fixed in the middle of the adjusting back plate 16. When the angle of the adjusting back plate 16 needs to be adjusted, the lifting grabbing clamp 14 is inserted into the hoisting hole 15, the lifting grabbing clamp 14 is connected with the adjusting back plate 16 at the moment, the lifting grabbing clamp 14 is lifted, the buckle 26 is separated from the clamping groove in the inner wall of the arc-shaped notch 27, the horizontal beam slides along the inner side surface of the supporting steel frame 13, the adjusting back plate 16 rotates along the inner side surface of the angle control plate 17 through the lifting grabbing clamp 14, the buckle 26 and the arc-shaped tenon 28, the adjusting back plate 16 rotates to a required position, and the height, the position and the angle of the adjusting back plate 16 in the rotating process constantly change, so that the adjusting back plate 16 can be adjusted through the lifting grabbing clamp 14, and the longitudinal gradient of the hydraulic propeller 12 fixedly connected with the adjusting back plate 16 is adjusted. After the rotation angle of the adjusting back plate is adjusted to a proper position, the buckle 26 is fixed and clamped in a certain clamping groove of the arc-shaped notch 27 again, so that the position of the adjusting back plate 16 is fixed.
As shown in fig. 2, the adjusting back plate 16 is in the vertical direction, and the propelling direction of the hydraulic propeller 12 is in the horizontal direction. When the longitudinal propelling gradient of the hydraulic propeller 12 needs to be adjusted, the rotating angle of the adjusting back plate 16 can be adjusted. At this time, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the lifting gripping clamp 14 grips the hoisting hole 15 in the middle of the upper part of the adjusting back plate 16 and lifts, and the position of the horizontal beam is adjusted by sliding the horizontal beam along the inner side of the supporting steel frame 13, so that the rotation angle of the adjusting back plate 16 is changed. The lateral surface of angle control board 17 just is located the below of circular arc notch 27 and is marked angle scale, adjusts backplate 16 and rotates the in-process, can carry out the accuracy regulation through angle scale to the turned angle who adjusts backplate 16 to the vertical slope of accurate control hydraulic propulsor. Therefore, the longitudinal gradient of the hydraulic thruster can be accurately adjusted through the variable gradient propelling device. The bottom of the base 18 is symmetrically provided with a plurality of lifting control jacks 19, and the height of the base 18 is adjusted through the lifting control jacks 19.
As shown in fig. 5, the slurry shield tunnel model device comprises a shield shell 7, a transmission rod 11, a filter screen 38, a perforated panel 39 and a propelling panel, wherein a cavity is arranged in the shield shell 7, the perforated panel 39 is fixed at one end of the shield shell 7, the filter screen 38 is fixed on the inner surface of the perforated panel 39, the other end of the shield shell 7 is in an open shape, the transmission rod 11 and the propelling panel are both positioned between the shield shell 7, a certain distance exists between the propelling panel and the perforated panel 39, grouting materials enter between the propelling panel and the perforated panel 39, the transmission rod 11 is connected with a variable-gradient propelling device, and the grouting materials are injected into a model box through the perforated panel 39 under the propelling action of the transmission rod 11, so that the slurry shield is simulated.
One end of the transmission rod 11 is fixedly connected with the propelling panel, and the other end of the transmission rod 11 is connected with the hydraulic propeller 12, in this embodiment, the transmission rod 11 and the hydraulic propeller 12 can be fixedly connected in a threaded connection manner. An infrared emitter is arranged at the center of the front end of the hydraulic propeller 12, and a reflective sheet is correspondingly arranged at the center of the rear end of the transmission rod 11. The device is used for judging whether the transmission rod 11 and the hydraulic thruster 12 are in a coaxial state or not through the infrared emitter and the reflective sheet, and when the transmission rod 11 and the hydraulic thruster 12 are coaxial, the transmission rod is connected with the hydraulic thruster.
The propelling panel comprises a fixed panel 45 and a rotating panel 42, the outer side face of the fixed panel 45 is fixedly connected with the transmission rod 11, the inner side face of the fixed panel 45 is rotatably connected with the rotating panel 42, a rubber water stop strip 43 is pasted on the annular outer side of the fixed panel 45, and the rubber water stop strip 43 is located between the fixed panel 45 and the inner wall of the shield shell 7, so that a sealing effect is achieved. The corresponding positions of the rotating panel 42 and the fixed panel 45 are respectively provided with a through round hole 44, the inner hole wall of the round hole is provided with an internal thread, and the round hole can be connected with a grouting pipeline through the internal thread to perform grouting. The rotating panel 42 is further fixed with a rotating handle 41, the other end of the rotating handle 41 penetrates through the arc notch 40 on the fixed panel 45, and the rotating handle 41 is slidably arranged in the arc notch 40.
Manually rotating the rotating handle 41 and the rotating panel 42, wherein the rotating handle 41 rotates in the arc notch 40 during rotation, when the rotating panel 42 rotates until the round hole on the fixed panel 45 and the round hole on the rotating panel 42 are aligned and communicated, grout in a grouting pipeline enters the slurry shield tunnel model device, and shield grouting can be performed at the moment; when grouting is stopped, the rotating handle 41 is rotated again, and the circular holes on the fixed panel 45 and the rotating panel 42 are staggered, so that grouting can be stopped.
As shown in fig. 1, the variable angle clamping apparatus includes a three-jaw chuck 8 and a lifting support 10, as shown in fig. 6, the three-jaw chuck includes a chuck base 46, a sliding jaw 47, a gear 48, an internal gear 49 and a control handle 50, the internal gear 49 is fixed on the inner surface of the chuck base 46, the internal gear 49 is located on the outer side of the shield shell 7, the control handle 50 is fixed on the outer surface of the chuck base 46, and the internal gear 49 is driven to rotate by the control handle 50. A plurality of sliding pawls 47 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the internal gear 49, and racks are provided on the sliding pawls 47. Correspondingly, gears 48 corresponding to the number of the sliding claws 47 are arranged on the inner side of the internal gear 49, and the gears 48 are in meshing transmission with the internal gear 49 and the racks of the sliding claws 47.
The control handle 50 is rotated to drive the internal gear 49 to rotate, the gear 48 is rotated through the meshing between the internal gear 49 and the gear 48, and the sliding claw 47 is driven to slide inwards and outwards along the radial direction of the internal gear 48 through the meshing between the gear 48 and the rack of the sliding claw 47. After the sliding claws 47 move a certain distance towards the shield shell 7, the plurality of sliding claws 47 can be tightly pressed on the outer surface of the shield shell 7 to realize the fixed connection of the sliding claws 47 and the shield shell 7, and the connection of the shield shell 7 and the three-claw chuck is realized because the sliding claws 47 are connected with the internal gear 49. The bottom of the three-jaw chuck 8 is connected with a lifting support 10 through a hinge piece 9, and in the lifting process of the lifting support 10, the angle adjustment and setting of the slurry shield tunnel model device can be completed, and the height of the slurry shield tunnel model device can be adjusted according to the tunnel burial depth.
In order to ensure that the longitudinal gradient of the hydraulic thruster 12 in the variable-gradient thruster unit is the same as the inclination angle of the variable-angle clamp unit, the variable-gradient thruster unit and the variable-angle clamp unit are connected by an angle co-adjustment device. As shown in fig. 7, the angle cooperative adjustment device includes two arc-shaped connecting pieces 32 symmetrically disposed in pairs, a second connecting rod 31, a first connecting rod 30 and a third connecting rod 34, the two arc-shaped connecting pieces 32 are symmetrically disposed on the outer side of the chuck base 46, the arc-shaped connecting pieces 32 are connected with one end of the first connecting rod 30 through the second connecting rod 31, and the other end of the first connecting rod 30 is connected with the adjustment back plate 16 through the third connecting rod 34. The arc-shaped connecting piece 32 is fixedly connected with the chuck base 46 through the bolt 33, one end of the second connecting rod 31 is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped connecting piece 32, the other end of the second connecting rod 31 is hinged with the first connecting rod 30, the protractor 36 is fixed at the end part of the second connecting rod 31 connected with the first connecting rod 30, the mark line 37 is correspondingly arranged on the first connecting rod 30, and the included angle between the first connecting rod 30 and the second connecting rod 31 can be measured through the mark line 37 and the protractor 36. A connecting plate 35 is fixed on the third connecting rod 34, and the connecting plate 35 is fixedly connected with the adjusting back plate 16 through a bolt 33.
In the working process, when the adjusting back plate 16 rotates, the third connecting rod 34, the first connecting rod 30 and the second connecting rod 31 which are connected with the adjusting back plate 16 are integrally and cooperatively deformed, and the rotating angle of the adjusting back plate 16 in the variable-gradient propelling device is consistent with the rotating angle of the shield shell 7 connected with the variable-angle clamp device by utilizing the parallel property of opposite sides of a parallelogram. In addition, through the angle scales on the protractor 36 and the angle control plate 17, the rotation angle of the adjusting back plate 16 and the rotation angle of the shield shell 7 can be further ensured to be the same.
The data monitoring and collecting mechanism comprises a grating displacement sensor 51, a grating pressure sensor 52, a transmission optical fiber 21, a data collector 22, an optical fiber demodulator 23, a high-speed camera 24 and an analysis computer 25, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the grating displacement sensor 51 is arranged in the soil layer of the model box at intervals, the grating displacement sensor 51 can be arranged more closely at the front end along the advancing direction of the slurry shield tunnel model device, and the displacement value of the soil layer in the box body is monitored through the grating displacement sensor 51. The grating pressure sensors 52 are arranged on the perforated panel 39 at intervals, and the pressure of the muddy water is monitored by the grating pressure sensors 52. The transmission optical fiber 21 transmits the displacement value, the pressure value and the like acquired by the sensor to the analysis computer 25 through the data acquisition instrument 22 and the optical fiber regulator 23 in sequence, so that the data of the limit support pressure, the ground surface settlement and the like in the test process are acquired and stored for analysis and processing after the test is finished. The high-speed camera 24 is used for shooting the working process of the slurry shield tunnel model device.
The operation of the system is as follows. Firstly, according to the test requirements, the longitudinal gradient of the hydraulic propeller 12 is adjusted by adjusting the rotation angle of the adjusting back plate 16, the angle of the slurry shield tunnel model device is adjusted by the lifting support 10, and the longitudinal gradient of the hydraulic propeller 12 is ensured to be consistent with the rotation angle of the slurry shield tunnel model device by the angle cooperative adjustment device. In the slurry shield tunnel model device, in the working process of a simulated shield machine in a model box, under the action of a hydraulic propeller 12, a driving rod 11 drives a propelling panel to advance or retreat, so that the stability of an excavation surface is researched by changing the pressure of a supporting surface, and meanwhile, related data are monitored and collected through a data monitoring and collecting mechanism.
The slurry shield excavation surface stable model test system provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a model test system is stabilized to slurry shield excavation face, includes the mold box, its characterized in that: the slurry shield tunnel model device is connected with the model box through the variable-angle clamp device, the slurry shield tunnel model device is connected with the variable-gradient propelling device through the angle cooperative adjusting device, and the data monitoring and collecting mechanism monitors and collects parameters in the model box.
2. The slurry shield excavation face stable model test system of claim 1, characterized in that: the variable-gradient propelling device comprises a base (18), two parallel angle control plates (17), an adjusting back plate (16), a hydraulic propeller (12) and a lifting grab clamp (14), wherein the base (18) is fixedly provided with the two parallel angle control plates (17), the adjusting back plate (16) is positioned between the two angle control plates (17), the adjusting back plate (16) is rotatably connected with the angle control plates (17), the upper part of the side surface of the adjusting back plate (16) is fixedly provided with a buckle (26), the corresponding angle control plate (17) is correspondingly provided with an arc-shaped arc notch (27), the buckle (26) is arranged in the arc-shaped notch (27), the inner wall of the bottom of the arc-shaped notch (27) is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves divided according to angles, the buckle (26) is fixedly clamped in the clamping grooves, the lower part of the side surface of the adjusting back plate (16) is provided with a straight notch (29), and the corresponding inner side surface, cylindrical tenon (28) slide insert in rabbet (29), the intermediate position on regulation backplate (16) upper portion is equipped with hoisting hole (15), be equipped with lift grab clamp (14) directly over hoisting hole (15), lift grab clamp (14) are fixed on horizontal beam, horizontal beam slides along the convex medial surface that supports steelframe (13), lift grab clamp (14) drive regulation backplate (16) through hoisting hole (15) and rotate, support steelframe (13) and fix the top at angle control board (17), hydraulic propeller (12) are fixed at the middle part of regulation backplate (16).
3. The slurry shield excavation face stable model test system of claim 2, characterized in that: the outer side surface of the angle control plate (17) is provided with angle scales below the arc notch (27).
4. The slurry shield excavation face stable model test system of claim 2, characterized in that: the slurry shield tunnel model device comprises a shield shell (7), a transmission rod (11), a filter screen (38), a perforated panel (39) and a propelling panel, wherein a cavity is formed in the shield shell (7), the perforated panel (39) is fixed at one end of the shield shell (7), the filter screen (38) is fixed on the inner surface of the perforated panel (39), the other end of the shield shell (7) is open, the transmission rod (11) and the propelling panel are both positioned between the shield shell (7), one end of the transmission rod (11) is fixedly connected with the propelling panel, and the other end of the transmission rod (11) is connected with a hydraulic propeller (12);
impel the panel and include fixed panel (45) and rotation panel (42), the lateral surface and transfer line (11) fixed connection of fixed panel (45), the medial surface of fixed panel (45) rotates and is connected with rotation panel (42), the position department that corresponds on rotation panel (42) and fixed panel (45) all is equipped with round hole (44) that link up, the interior pore wall of round hole is equipped with the internal thread that is used for the slip casting pipe connection, be fixed with on rotation panel (42) and rotate handle (41), the other end of rotating handle (41) passes circular arc notch (40) on fixed panel (45), it slides and sets up in circular arc notch (40) to rotate handle (41).
5. The slurry shield excavation face stable model test system of claim 4, characterized in that: an infrared emitter is arranged at the center of the front end of the hydraulic propeller (12), and a reflective sheet is correspondingly arranged at the center of the rear end of the transmission rod (11).
6. The slurry shield excavation face stable model test system of claim 1, characterized in that: the variable-angle clamp device comprises a three-jaw chuck (8) and a lifting support (10), wherein the three-jaw chuck comprises a chuck base (46), sliding jaws (47), gears (48), an internal gear (49) and a control handle (50), the internal gear (49) is fixed on the inner surface of the chuck base (46), the internal gear (49) is located on the outer side of a shield shell (7), the control handle (50) is fixed on the outer surface of the chuck base (46), a plurality of sliding jaws (47) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the internal gear (49), racks are arranged on the sliding jaws (47), gears (48) corresponding to the number of the sliding jaws (47) are arranged on the inner side of the corresponding internal gear (49), the gears (48) are in meshing transmission with the racks of the sliding jaws (47), and one end of each sliding jaw (47) is in contact with the outer surface of the shield shell;
the bottom of the three-jaw chuck (8) is connected with a lifting support (10) through a hinge piece (9).
7. The slurry shield excavation face stable model test system of claim 1, characterized in that: angle adjusting device in coordination includes arc connecting piece (32) that just is the symmetry and sets up in pairs, second connecting rod (31), first connecting rod (30), third connecting rod (34), the outside symmetry of chuck base (46) is equipped with two arc connecting pieces (32), arc connecting piece (32) are connected with the one end of first connecting rod (30) through second connecting rod (31), the other end of first connecting rod (30) is passed through third connecting rod (34) and is connected with regulation backplate (16), arc connecting piece (32) and chuck base (46) fixed connection, the one end and the arc connecting piece (32) fixed connection of second connecting rod (31), the other end and first connecting rod (30) of second connecting rod (31) are articulated, be fixed with connecting plate (35) on third connecting rod (34), connecting plate (35) and regulation backplate (16) fixed connection.
8. The slurry shield excavation face stable model test system of claim 7, characterized in that: the protractor (36) is fixed at the end part of the second connecting rod (31) connected with the first connecting rod (30), and a mark line (37) is correspondingly arranged on the first connecting rod (30).
9. The slurry shield excavation face stable model test system of claim 1, characterized in that: the slurry shield tunnel model device comprises a model box and a slurry shield tunnel model device, wherein the model box comprises a steel frame (1), toughened glass (2) and a temporary load applying mechanism, a travelling track (3) is arranged at the top of the steel frame (1) along the length direction of the steel frame, a travelling beam (4) is erected above the steel frame (1), the travelling beam (4) moves along the travelling track (3), a round hole is formed in the side surface of the toughened glass (2), the slurry shield tunnel model device extends into the model box through the round hole, and the diameter of the round hole is larger than that of the slurry shield tunnel model device;
the temporary load applying mechanism comprises a jack (5), a loading controller (20) and a loading plate (6), the jack (5) is arranged on the travelling crane beam (4), the loading plate (6) is fixed at the bottom of the jack (5), the jack (5) is connected with the loading controller (20), and the jack (5) moves along the travelling crane beam (4).
10. The slurry shield excavation face stable model test system of claim 4, characterized in that: the data monitoring and collecting mechanism comprises a grating displacement sensor (51), a grating pressure sensor (52), a transmission optical fiber (21), a data collector (22), an optical fiber demodulator (23), a high-speed camera (24) and an analysis computer (25), wherein the grating displacement sensor (51) is arranged in a soil layer of the model box at intervals, the grating pressure sensor (52) is arranged on the perforated panel (39) at intervals, and the transmission optical fiber (21), the data collector (22), an optical fiber regulator (23) and the analysis computer (25) are sequentially connected.
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