CN103091471B - A kind of model accelerating rinse fill consolidation and test method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of model accelerating rinse fill consolidation and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of model accelerating rinse fill consolidation, this model includes model bucket, load plate and simulation material；The drum head of model bucket and ladle body complete seal, bucket top is unique draining water way, and load plate is harmonious with bucket end face size, makes the soil body in simulation material to be overflowed by the gap between load plate edge and bucket wall, if load plate is radially provided with dry hole；Simulation material includes test soil, draining board stereoscopic grid, in being placed in model bucket, the present invention can study the change of the plastic draining board mesh parameter impact on discharging consolidation effect, being derived from accelerating the optimization method of rinse fill discharging consolidation, the present invention also discloses the particular content of the method further.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Geotechnical Engineering field, relate to model and the test method thereof of rinse fill consolidation.
Background technology
Rinse fill (also known as barged-in fill) is the warp formed by hydraulic fill silt, i.e. when arranging with dredge rivers navigation channel, in a planned way with dredger, by slush pump, silt is pressed from both sides large quantity of moisture, blows the one formed to rivers two sides and banket.In recent years, along with the fast development of China's economy, urbanization process paces are constantly accelerated, the most urgent to the demand of land resource, regional in coastal and rivers and lakes it is used for making ground by dredging mud out and silt, has become coastal cities and alleviated the effective ways of shortage of land resource.At present, rinse fill area utilize scale increasing, such as Shanghai Lingang New City construction, major part is to carry out on rinse fill, and also the coastal cities such as Tianjin, Zhuhai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, are all utilizing rinse fill to carry out urban construction and port construction.
The generation type of rinse fill is special, has the features such as void ratio is big, natural moisture content is high, compressibility is high, permeability is little, and therefore, the engineering properties of rinse fill has obvious individual character.It is in particular in that its deadweight consolidation time is long, after filling geotechnique, consolidation settlement is big, under rinse fill outer load effect, deformation is substantially, how to accelerate the discharging consolidation of rinse fill, reduce consolidation settlement after work, it is to avoid owing to the deformation of rinse fill ground consolidation, the produced Geological Hazard of destruction are the important topics that current rinse fill area is faced.
About rinse fill foundation drainage consolidation process, carried out a few thing both at home and abroad, as: what Stark proposed in 1994 is used for accelerating discharging consolidation (the Stripdrainsindredgedmaterialplacementareas.International ConferenceonDredgingandDredgedMaterialPlacement of rinse fill by banding displacement hull, 1, pp.420 429)；Plastic draining board is used for accelerating discharging consolidation (Accelerationofself-weightconsolidationfordredgedclayusin gplasticboarddrain.ProceedingsoftheInternationalOffshore andPolarEngineeringConference by the columned deadweight consolidation test that Sato was carried out in calendar year 2001,2, pp.715 721.)；Plastic draining board vertical drainage body was also applied to barged-in fill deadweight consolidation (Acceleratedself-weightconsolidationmechanismfordredgedcl ayusingdewateringmethodandplasticboarddrains.Proceedings oftheInternationalOffshoreandPolarEngineeringConference, pp.703 708.) by Nagaoka in 2004.In addition, also there is the horizontal plastic draining belt of proposition to consolidate fluidised form hydraulic reclamation, vertical drainage body combined stack-load, go through combined vacuum precompressed by force and carry out the methods such as process.
Said method, in rinse fill discharging consolidation, serves certain effect, but there is also the place of some shortcomings, as well inhibition effect and film coating perfonnance can reduce permeability, plug in draining board can affect drainage effect to making into disturbance with local methods, and the shape of plastic draining board also influences whether drainage effect.Meanwhile, during above-mentioned processing method, often require that rinse fill has certain bearing capacity, from the point of view of the rinse fill to firm hydraulic reclamation, it appears helpless.
Summary of the invention
For adverse effect when above-mentioned technological deficiency and application, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of model and test method thereof being accelerated rinse fill consolidation by pre-buried plastic draining board stereoscopic grid.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of model being accelerated rinse fill consolidation by pre-buried draining board stereoscopic grid, this model includes model bucket, load plate and simulation material；The drum head of described model bucket and ladle body complete seal, bucket top is unique draining water way, described load plate is harmonious with described bucket end face size, makes the soil body in simulation material to be overflowed by the gap between described load plate edge and bucket wall, if described load plate is radially provided with dry hole；Described simulation material includes test soil, draining board stereoscopic grid, is placed in described model bucket.
The bucket wall of described model bucket is provided with a barrel wall bracket, and the diametric(al) that described bucket wall bracket pushes up along described bucket is provided with fixed support.
Described model bucket is cylinder, and described cylindrical height is 0.6～2 times of diameter.
Described test soil is sandy silt.
The transverse grid that described draining board stereoscopic grid is made up of described draining board is fixing with vertical drainage plate to be connected, and the draining board in described draining board stereoscopic grid has a plurality of drainage channel.
The invention allows for a kind of test method being accelerated rinse fill consolidation by pre-buried plastic draining board stereoscopic grid, comprise the following steps: step one, according to size and spacing and the planar dimension of model bucket of simulation draining board, determine each affinity constant；Step 2, prepares modeling material, including test soil, draining board grid；Step 3: make model casing, prepare simulation material, measurement equipment and data acquisition equipment；Step 4, carries out model test, comprises the following steps: (1) prepares rinse fill and is layered loading model bucket；(2) pre-buried draining board stereoscopic grid；(3) measurement equipment is installed；(4) load and measure.
Step one also includes the influence factor determining required research, according to consolidation theory and the size of simulation draining board and spacing and the planar dimension of model bucket, determines each geometric similarity constant.
Described measurement equipment includes earth pressure gauge, pore pressure meter, sedimentation mark, dial gauge, described pore pressure meter and earth pressure gauge is respectively arranged in model bottom of the barrel and middle part, both face up with physical contact between media, and described earth pressure gauge or the described upper and lower two ends of pore pressure meter are all equipped with thin sand.
Described dial gauge is respectively disposed on load plate, with on delaminating deposition bar, is used for recording the sedimentation and deformation of soil body surface and being positioned at the deformation of soil layer in the middle part of test bucket.
Further, described rinse fill is that test soil adds water and is sufficiently stirred for forming, depending on described filling soil's water content is according to requirement of experiment.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
Pre-buried plastic draining board stereoscopic grid can be accelerated rinse fill consolidation research experiment by the present invention, decreases the uncertainty of practice of construction, has the advantages that versatility is wide, accuracy is high, create good economic benefit and scientific research value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention test model structural representation.
Wherein: the preloading of 1-top；2-dial indicator bracket；3-top sand bedding course；4-settles mark；5-earth pressure gauge (or hole piezometer)；6-plastic draining board stereoscopic grid；7-heap support plate；8-model metal bucket；9-dynamic strain indicator.
Fig. 2 is plastic draining board stereoscopic grid schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1.Wherein: the vertical grid of 10-；11-transverse grid.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are further described.
Refer to Fig. 1,2, the present embodiment is the model equipment that pre-buried plastic draining board stereoscopic grid accelerates rinse fill consolidation, it includes model bucket, simulation material, measurement equipment and data acquisition equipment, simulation material is placed in model bucket, and measurement equipment is set in model bucket carries out parameter measurement, data acquisition equipment is connected with the equipment of measurement, gathers and processes and measures the parameter that device measuring obtains.
Model bucket 8 is irony, is made up of ladle body, bucket wall bracket 2, load plate 7.Drum head ladle body complete seal, bucket top is unique draining water way.Bucket wall bracket 2 diametrically has two brandreths stretched out, and is used for fixing dial gauge.The load plate 7 using size and bucket end face size to be harmonious is needed to cover after dress soil is complete, and in load plate 7, use the top preloading of static(al) counterweight, load plate 7 radially left and right is respectively arranged with the boring of two diameters about five centimeters, is respectively used to pre-buried piezometer coiling and disposes the sedimentation bar of delaminating deposition mark 4.Sedimentation mark 4 is connected with dial gauge, can read soil pressure, layer degradation parameter from dial gauge.
Simulation material includes test soil, draining board, geotextiles.Test soil is sandy silt.According to the size of model bucket, selecting to use correspondingly sized draining board, for booster drainability, every draining board is provided with three drainage channels, every draining board geotextiles parcel of the coupling of size therewith, and has ordered, and then makes draining board stereoscopic grid 6.When stereoscopic grid 6 number of plies is more, with geotechnique's cloth by transverse grid with vertical drainage plate it is tightly.
In order to monitor growth and the dissipation law of pore water pressure of rinse fill inside soil body soil pressure during discharging consolidation, measurement equipment should include earth pressure gauge 5, pore pressure meter.When burying earth pressure gauge 5 underground, its work surface (so-called work surface is exactly the face with physical contact between media) upward should be made.Due to earth pressure gauge 5 in model clay it is possible that a small amount of sink or deflection, test descend thereon two ends be all equipped with thin sand 3, while it must also be noted that the protection of cable.Disposing two dial gauges altogether, record the sedimentation and deformation of soil body surface respectively and be positioned at the deformation of soil layer in the middle part of test bucket, one is just placed on load plate, and another is placed on sedimentation bar, and sedimentation bar probes into the soil body about 35cm.
Pass through test of many times, it can be deduced that the change of the length of draining board stereoscopic grid 6 obtains dimension combination best to rinse fill discharging consolidation, and therefore, the strict experimental condition controlling other is particularly important.The consumption of fixing water and soil, can improve the comparability of experimental result.Model bucket should with Practical Project situation as far as possible can ground identical, reduce to soil body lateral spacing.
The present invention also proposes a kind of test method being accelerated rinse fill consolidation by pre-buried plastic draining board stereoscopic grid, and it comprises the following steps:
The first step, according to research purpose, determines the influence factor of required research, according to consolidation theory, it is considered to the size of simulation draining board and spacing and the planar dimension of model bucket, uses the theory of similarity to determine each geometric similarity constant.When determining geometric similarity constant, mainly meet the following requirements:
(1) size of draining board should adapt with model bucket size；
(2) size of draining board should meet the requirement of boundary condition；
(3) size of draining board should meet the requirement processing the degree of depth；
(4) when determining draining board size, it is also contemplated that the Discussing Convenience of test operation；
(5) size of model will soil thickness actual with engineering, simulated time etc. is coordinated mutually.
Second step, determines modeling material, including test soil, draining board and geotextiles；Model clay belongs to sandy silt, for obtaining rinse fill effect, adds water and is sufficiently stirred for.Every barrel of soil's water content requires close, it is ensured that test the most comparable.In test, the model clay moisture content of configuration all controls more than 38%.Moisture content is the soil sample severe about 17.7kg/m of 38%3, calculating void ratio about 1.11, specific gravity of soil partical is 2.7, then saturation about 0.924, it is believed that it is the most saturated.Plastic draining board is 10cm width draining board common on building site, the draining board width 1cm used in model test.Concrete manufacture method is as follows:
(1) it is cut into about 1cm width by buying the 10cm width draining board come, and controls every draining board and have three drainage channels.
(2) every draining board geotextiles parcel of the coupling of size therewith, uses staple to order.
(3) use staple to make draining board grid, run into the rack that the number of plies is more, with geotechnique's cloth by transverse grid with vertical drainage plate be tightly.
3rd step: model test early-stage preparations, including making model casing, preparing test apparatus, simulation material, measurement equipment and data acquisition equipment；
4th step, carries out model test, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare rinse fill and load model bucket pre-buried draining board stereoscopic grid；(2) piezometer is buried underground；(3) smooth model clay surface sanding；(4) dial gauge is disposed；(5) load and measure.
The test method of the present embodiment is illustrated below as a example by concrete testing program:
1. it mostly is 10cm and the size of model bucket in view of the plastic draining board width in Practical Project, determines that this affinity constant n tested is 10.The i.e. width of plastic draining belt is set to 1cm.Determine that each test parameters is as follows:
Table 1 test parameters table
| Parameter | The likelihood ratio | Model | Prototype | Unit |
| Draining board width | 1/n | 1 | 10 | cm |
| Rinse fill surface area | 1/n2 | 0.228 | 22.9 | m2 |
| Rinse fill soil thickness | 1/n | 0.75 | 7.5 | m |
| Prefabricating load | 1/n3 | 0.392 | 392 | kN |
After determining above similar scale, just can specify the soil body scope of the Practical Project that this model test can represent and estimate its discharging consolidation process substantially constant required time
2. uniform Design
In the rinse fill that the present invention is carried out, pre-buried stereoscopic grid drainage consolidation test comprises three factors, the i.e. length of draining board stereoscopic grid altogether.Considering model bucket, the size of draining board and test required time, each factor is intended taking five levels.Test index is that consolidation deformation stably lasts.Due to the test number (TN) of orthogonal test be at least number of levels square, using uniform Design, to carry out multifactor multilevel test the most reasonable.Meanwhile, when result of the test is carried out regression analysis, uniform Design is possible not only to calculate main effect and the interaction of factor in regression model, each factor level numerical value during the most measurable test optimum efficiency, it is provided that more optimal reference value.
Table 2 test arrangement table
| Sequence number | x1/m | x2/m | x3/m | T(min) |
| 1 | 0.40 | 0.20 | 0.23 | |
| 2 | 0.35 | 0.12 | 0.35 | |
| 3 | 0.20 | 0.35 | 0.65 | |
| 4 | 0.12 | 0.17 | 0.70 | |
| 5 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.175 |
It it is more than the arrangement of five normal experiments, in order to preferably relative analysis draining board stereoscopic grid processes the effect of rinse fill ground, make to test the most complete, add blank assay, the most do not add the model clay of the draining board drainage consolidation test under load action.
3, test is arranged: modelling；Earth pressure gauge, the layout of pore pressure meter；The layout of settlement observation point.
(1) modelling
When making model, it is ensured that the dress soil of test is the most identical every time.Cylindrical model metal bucket in test is made up of ladle body, bucket wall bracket, load plate.Drum head ladle body complete seal, bucket top is unique draining water way.Bucket wall diametrically has two brandreths stretched out, and is used for fixing dial gauge.The load plate capping using size and bucket end face size to be harmonious, load plate radially left and right is needed to be respectively arranged with the boring of two diameters about five centimeters, for pre-buried piezometer coiling and arrangement delaminating deposition bar after dress soil is complete.
(2) earth pressure gauge, the layout of pore pressure meter
According to consolidation theory, during discharging consolidation, pore water pressure will be gradually reduced, and meanwhile soil pressure will be gradually increased.For the change of further clear and definite soil stress and assist in the settlement stability time, respectively arrange pore pressure meter and each one of earth pressure gauge in model bottom of the barrel and middle part.Burying soil pressure 5 timing underground so that it is work surface upward, descends two ends to be all equipped with thin sand 3 thereon.Pore pressure meter two ends are respectively arranged with permeable stone, after pore water seepage flow enters pore pressure meter, and the incoming deformeter of corresponding sensitivity data 9.According to the microstrain recorded, pore pressure actual value can be obtained.Burying underground of pore pressure meter is identical with earth pressure gauge with installation process.
(3) layout of settlement observation point
This test utilizes dial gauge to survey to read the instant sedimentation value of the soil body, and install delaminating deposition bar, it is thus achieved that the solum settlement of 1/2 depth after loading, for final settlement and stably last offer reference.
4, prepared by test material: test soil, plastic draining board
For obtaining rinse fill effect, add water and be sufficiently stirred for test soil.Every barrel of soil's water content requires close, it is ensured that test the most comparable.In test, the model clay moisture content of configuration all controls more than 38%.
5, pre-buried plastic draining board, pore pressure meter, earth pressure gauge.
(1) plastic draining board stereoscopic grid is pre-buried
The test a diameter of 54cm in drum head face, the most about 85cm.Draining board stereoscopic grid 6 volume is substantially set to 40*35*70cm.First in model bucket, it is uniformly added into the test soil configured, adds bottom plastic draining board when model clay is away from drum head about 5cm, along with the addition of model clay, complete the overlap joint of draining board stereoscopic grid.Adding soil and flood transverse drainage expanded metals lattice to it, vertical drainage plate need to lean out a little.For optimizing its drainage effect and preventing soil compaction, uniformly lay the thick layer of sand of about 0.5cm in soil face, the most again length shears unnecessary for vertical drainage plate is cut off.Load plate slowly being covered on it after completing, load plate size should be slightly less than bucket top size, if control improper; the soil body easily by between load plate edge and bucket wall gap overflow.
(2) the burying underground of pore pressure meter and earth pressure gauge
Hydraulic pressure gauge and earth pressure gauge is buried respectively underground at distance two depths of drum head 10cm and 40cm.Pre-buried piezometer requires the horizontal pressurized of its compression face, thereunder can help its settling position by a small amount of sand of spreading.
6, test monitoring: consolidation deformation monitoring, pore water pressure and Monitoring on Earth Pressure:
Consolidation deformation is monitored:
Model clay generation consolidation draining is slow, a long-term process, uses dial gauge to carry out the observation to its sedimentation and deformation.This test disposes two dial gauges altogether, records the sedimentation and deformation of soil body surface respectively and be positioned at the deformation of soil layer in the middle part of test bucket.I.e. one with load plate 7 on, another is connected with delaminating deposition bar, and delaminating deposition bar probes into the soil body about 35cm.Settlement observation starts after loading, and owing to early stage draining is rapid, sedimentation is very fast, surveys and reads interval one minute, the most elongated.Test lasts about one week every time.
Pore water pressure and Monitoring on Earth Pressure: pore water pressure, soil pressure are monitored, and then obtain actual pressure value.For the model clay intensity index after contrasting consolidation draining effect and obtaining process, it is sampled in three different depths when each disassembly model bucket, carries out laboratory soil test, including water ratio test, quick shear test and Standard consolidated test.
These embodiments easily can be made various amendment by person skilled in the art, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments without through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to embodiment here, those skilled in the art should be within protection scope of the present invention according to the announcement of the present invention, the improvement made without departing from scope of the invention and amendment.
Claims (6)
1. the model accelerating rinse fill consolidation, it is characterised in that:
This model includes model bucket, load plate and simulation material, measurement equipment and data acquisition equipment, measurement equipment is arranged in model bucket, data acquisition equipment is connected with the equipment of measurement, described measurement equipment includes earth pressure gauge, pore pressure meter, sedimentation mark, dial gauge, described pore pressure meter and earth pressure gauge is respectively arranged in model bottom of the barrel and middle part, described dial gauge settles on bar with delaminating deposition target respectively on load plate, and described dial gauge is connected with sedimentation mark；
The drum head of described model bucket and ladle body complete seal, bucket top is unique draining water way, described load plate is harmonious with bucket end face size, make the soil body in simulation material cannot be overflowed by the gap between described load plate edge and bucket wall, described load plate radially left and right is respectively arranged with the boring of two diameters five centimeters, with pre-buried piezometer coiling respectively and arrangement delaminating deposition target sedimentation bar；
Described simulation material includes that test, with plastic draining board stereoscopic grid native, pre-buried, is placed in described model bucket；
The transverse grid that described pre-buried plastic draining board stereoscopic grid is made up of described draining board is fixing with vertical drainage plate to be connected, and the draining board in described pre-buried plastic draining board stereoscopic grid has a plurality of drainage channel；
The bucket wall of described model bucket is provided with a barrel wall bracket, and the diametric(al) that described bucket wall bracket pushes up along described bucket is provided with fixed support, is used for fixing dial gauge；
Described model bucket is cylinder, and described cylindrical height is 0.6～2 times of diameter.
2. model as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described test soil is sandy silt.
3. use the model described in claim 1 to be accelerated a test method for rinse fill consolidation, comprise the following steps:
Step one, according to size and spacing and the planar dimension of model bucket of simulation draining board, determines each affinity constant；
Step 2, prepares modeling material, including test soil, plastic draining board stereoscopic grid；
Step 3: make model bucket, prepare simulation material, measurement equipment and data acquisition equipment；
Step 4, carries out model test, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare rinse fill and be layered loading model bucket；
(2) pre-buried plastic draining board stereoscopic grid；
(3) measurement equipment is installed；
(4) load and measure；
Step one also includes the influence factor determining required research, according to consolidation theory and the size of simulation draining board and spacing and the planar dimension of model bucket, determines each geometric similarity constant.
4. test method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described measurement equipment includes earth pressure gauge, pore pressure meter, sedimentation mark, dial gauge, described pore pressure meter and earth pressure gauge is respectively arranged in model bottom of the barrel and middle part, both face up with physical contact between media, and described earth pressure gauge or the described upper and lower two ends of pore pressure meter are all equipped with thin sand.
5. test method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: described dial gauge is respectively disposed on load plate with on delaminating deposition bar, is used for recording the sedimentation and deformation of soil body surface and being positioned at the deformation of soil layer in the middle part of test bucket.
6. test method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: described rinse fill is that test soil adds water and is sufficiently stirred for forming, depending on described filling soil's water content is according to requirement of experiment.
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| CN104020026B (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2016-08-24 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | The manufacture method of refuse dump slope deforming similar experimental model under a kind of water logging base condition |
| CN104502562A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-04-08 | 宁波大学 | Vertical well drainage consolidation soft foundation processing model test device and test method |
| CN104961316B (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2018-06-12 | 温州大学 | A kind of dead-weight mud diminishing processing method |
| CN105258996B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2019-04-23 | 华北水利水电大学 | Laminated soil simulation-generation method and device |
| CN105258669B (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-10-24 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | Rain pipe sedimentation post processing simulation test device and method in a kind of sea silt soil |
| CN107976164A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-05-01 | 温州大学 | Measure the bath scaled model experimental device and its measuring method of displacement model in high-moisture stream silt particle well consolidation process under vacuum pressure |
| CN108181070A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-19 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of test method simulated mining vibration and cause karst collapse |
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