CN108593513A - A kind of experimental rig and method for simulating the dynamic artesian water effect soil body - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig and method for simulating the dynamic artesian water effect soil body Download PDFInfo
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- CN108593513A CN108593513A CN201810098500.1A CN201810098500A CN108593513A CN 108593513 A CN108593513 A CN 108593513A CN 201810098500 A CN201810098500 A CN 201810098500A CN 108593513 A CN108593513 A CN 108593513A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000003371 toe Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of experimental rigs and method simulated dynamic artesian water and act on the soil body, which includes main body cylinder, data collecting instrument, vacuum pump and artesian pressure control system；Artesian pressure control system includes plexiglass cylinder device, flowmeter and electronic valve；Main body cylinder includes that sequentially connected cover board, a section top cylinder, several section middle cylinders, one save bottom barrel and trolley from top to bottom；Main body cylinder different height upper installing hole gap water pressure gauge fixing device.The present invention can in ground foundation simulation artesian water dynamic consecutive variations process；The Water And Earth Pressures for calculating the lower ground of dynamic artesian water effect and deformation are measured, the problems such as arranging correlation test data and determine ground stress and development of deformation rule；The influence of mean value, amplitude and the rate of the variation of dynamic artesian water to foundation stability is sought, ground Study on Problems caused by being acted on for dynamic artesian water provides effective test data and supports, and provides foundation for theoretical analysis model later.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of foundation model experimental rigs more particularly to a kind of dynamic artesian water of simulating to act on the soil body
Experimental rig and method, can be used for simulating can be reduced to one-dimensional weak water penetration foundation soil body, when pressure water head dynamic change
Water And Earth Pressures response condition, the sedimentation of ground is with the rule of equal artesian heads variation, the lower ground of research trends artesian water effect
Failure condition and failure mode.
Background technology
In areas such as riverine, strands, aquiclude bottom pressure water head has the characteristics that dynamic change more, this variation
The reason influence from Yu Haiyang or tide mostly, rainfall, underground engineering leakage can also cause the variation of artesian head.It is this
Variation can cause the Water And Earth Pressures changes in distribution of the aquiclude soil body, and then influence deformation and the stabilization of the soil body.In existing theory
With specification it is incomplete under the conditions of, carry out engineering constructions or giving an excessive safety coefficient in these areas, or face
Potential risks.
Under the action of dynamic artesian water, the character of the aquiclude soil body is difficult to define, in seepage field and stress field
Under conditions of coupling, soil body character may great changes will take place, and this variation cannot be explained well with existing theory,
The selection of soil constitutive model is caused to face prodigious difficulty, and if wanting to be studied with economics analysis or numerical method, the soil body
The selection of constitutive model plays a crucial role.From this, under conditions of confined water regime changes, with the side of experiment
Method carries out the research method that research is reliable at this stage.Experimentally, without assume it is such under the conditions of the soil body sheet
Structure relationship is applying under the comparable stress boundary condition of Practical Project and displacement boundary conditions, can directly simulate artesian water
The continuous dynamic change of position, since physical condition is by fine simulation, by reading data and phenomenon analysis, you can obtain
Water and soil stress distribution situation in the soil body, misalignment etc., the artesian water for further disclosing aquiclude in dynamic change act on
Under response pattern, improve existing theoretical and specification.
Currently, existing with the relevant 1g experimental studies of dynamic artesian water, most of research is the three of drawdown ratio ruler
Dimension module experimental study, almost without the experiment of soil unit.Scale (model) test under geotechnological monomer scale is often to difference
Local place behavior in Practical Project is simulated, such as excavation of foundation pit, tunnel excavation.These scale (model) tests are often closed
Pore pressure distribution, deformation rule, geostatic shield and the structural internal force etc. in entire test area are noted, to Practical Project
In certain critical values predicted, simulated, but the inherent law under these the apparent phenomenons can not be disclosed, to new sheet
The foundation of structure, computational theory is without too big use.It is corresponding to be, it is tested by the soil unit of representative of triaxial test
It is then intended to solve the problem above-mentioned, more various constitutive relations for paying close attention to the soil body itself are ground with the relevant science of artesian water
In studying carefully, how artesian pressure is propagated then in the soil body as the critical issue in soil unit research.
From existing experiment, a large amount of soil test generally makes water pressure when simulating the dynamic change of artesian water
Increase step by step or decline, pressure value is more discrete, this is not consistent with the water pressure consecutive variations in Practical Project, the knot obtained
By being difficult to apply to Practical Project.
Invention content
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of dynamic artesian waters of simulating to act on the soil body
Experimental rig and method obtain the aquiclude influenced by bottom dynamic artesian water by designing one-dimensional soil unit model test
In Water And Earth Pressures, and according to test result disclose aquiclude bottom dynamic artesian water effect under response pattern, learn
The pattern that pore pressure is propagated in the soil body, Rule Summary simultaneously and then are applied among engineering calculation.For certain in many engineering constructions
The region of a little large area can be reduced to one-dimensional foundation model to apply achievement in research caused by the model, such as greatly
The hole bottom central area of area foundation pit, the far field etc. of tunneling.Also, it is filled with the hydraulic pressure control that electronic valve and flowmeter form
It sets, the consecutive variations of water level may be implemented, therefore mean value, amplitude and the period of change when artesian pressure variation can be studied
Influence research for aquiclude character；And the main body cylinder of height can be adjusted by devising, therefore the thickness of aquiclude
The influence of degree can also be studied accurately, and testing crew can freely choose soil layer thickness according to the actual conditions of location
The mean value of degree, artesian head, the amplitude of variation and period are tested.
Soil unit is taken as under cylindrical inspiration in by basic soil test, by the way that model section to be arranged to
Circle solves the problems, such as earth stress caused by four angular positions of rectangular cross section model casing, deformation mutation test in the past in.
When confined water regime variation effect is arranged at the aquiclude lower part that the device can be used in one-dimensional ground, the water and soil pressure in the soil body is measured
Power size observes ground deformation, and test data and one-dimensional theory analytic method is compared, and deepens the research in this field
Work.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：It is a kind of to simulate the dynamic artesian water effect soil body
Experimental rig, the device include main body cylinder, data collecting instrument, vacuum pump and artesian pressure control system；The artesian water
Control pressurer system includes plexiglass cylinder device, flowmeter and electronic valve；
The main body cylinder includes that sequentially connected cover board, one save top cylinder, several section middle cylinders, one from top to bottom
Save bottom barrel and trolley；The top cylinder, middle cylinder, bottom barrel are made of organic glass, and observation can be facilitated to try
Test the deformation of the middle soil body；Cover board is installed, cover board lower surface center is equipped with permeable stone, and top is equipped with out on the top cylinder cylinder top
Penstock, flowing water Valve is connected with vacuum pump during being saturated the soil body, it is therefore an objective to increase the saturation rate and saturation journey of the soil body
Degree；Flowing water Valve stays open to drain in time during experiment so that water level line is kept constant in the experiment soil body；
The top cylinder, middle cylinder, the different height upper installing hole gap water pressure gauge fixing device of bottom barrel are used
In the pore water pressure size for measuring fixed position；The pore pressure gauge fixing device is by bolt, organic glass square toes, hole
Gap water pressure gauge forms；The bolt and pore pressure gauge are described to have by being threadably mounted on the organic glass square toes
Machine glass square toes are connected with top cylinder, middle cylinder, bottom barrel respectively by permeable stone and glass cement；The pore water
Pressure gauge is connect with the data collecting instrument, can acquire confined water regime water pressure delta data；
Waterproof rubber ring is installed among two adjacent pitch circle cylinders of the main body cylinder, prevents that leak occurs during experiment；
The bottom barrel is by plexiglass cylinder unit, permeable stone, organic glass pillar, the first water-through valve of main body cylinder
Door, main body cylinder the second water flowing valve are constituted；The organic glass short column is fixed on the bottom of the plexiglass cylinder unit,
The permeable stone is mounted on above the organic glass short column, ensures soil body saturation uniformly, fully；The plexiglass cylinder list
First bottom side is equipped with main body cylinder the first water flowing valve, and the other side is equipped with main body cylinder the second water flowing valve；
The plexiglass cylinder device is by plexiglass cylinder, organic glass pedestal, the first water flowing of plexiglass cylinder
Valve and plexiglass cylinder the second water flowing valve composition；The plexiglass cylinder the first water flowing valve and main body cylinder second
Water flowing valve is connected to, and realizes that the soil body is saturated and applies boundary hydraulic pressure；It is total that the plexiglass cylinder the second water flowing valve draws one
The end of pipeline, main pipe rail is divided into two branches, and the end of each branch connects a set of electronic valve and flowmeter；Pass through main pipe rail
The height of water level in plexiglass cylinder is controlled, this process is by setting the energization interval of electronic valve and the flow reality of flowmeter
Existing, a set of electronic valve and flowmeter control water inlet, another set of electronic valve and flowmeter control are discharged, and organic glass circle may be implemented
The continuous raising and lowering of cylinder water level；Since plexiglass cylinder is connected to main body bottom of cylinder, it is possible to control main body circle
The artesian head of cylinder bottom.
Further, the top bottom of cylinder inner wall has screw thread, for splicing with the middle cylinder；The middle circle
The inner wall of cylinder top and bottom contains screw thread, for being connected with upper and lower two pitch circles cylinder.
Further, the experiment soil body in the main body cylinder is the weak water penetration soil body, is saturated using air free water.
Further, the weak water penetration soil body is silty clay.
Further, the liquid in the plexiglass cylinder device is air free water.
Further, the position of the pore pressure gauge fixing device can be adjusted according to the needs of experiment, number
Amount can need to increase according to experiment；The pore pressure gauge fixing device installation is at various height.
Further, the height of the main body cylinder can be adjusted according to ratio needed for experiment and precision, quantity
It can be increased or decreased according to the needs of experiment.
Further, in saturation stage, the soil body in main body cylinder is evacuated with vacuum pump, it is full that the soil body can be accelerated
The rate of sum increases saturation degree.
A kind of utilization can simulate the test method of the experimental rig of the dynamic artesian water effect soil body, and this method includes following step
Suddenly：
(1) opening electronic valve makes water flowing in flowmeter carry out emptying operation, from main body cylinder the second water flowing valve to main body
Lead to air free water in cylinder, main body cylinder the second water flowing valve is closed after the gas in entire pipeline drains；
(2) in pore pressure gauge fixing device upper installing hole gap water pressure gauge, by the signal transmission of pore pressure gauge
Line is connected to data collecting instrument；Then permeable stone is packed into main body cylinder；Layering is loaded the weak water penetration soil body and is tamped, each
One layer of wire netting is placed on plexiglass cylinder unit first when secondary sample-adding, the soil sample of certain mass is then penetrated into iron wire
Net is added in plexiglass cylinder unit, the sample-adding process of each plexiglass cylinder unit is according to the size and essence of experiment
Degree placement in layers simultaneously hits reality, until completion of banketing；
(3) weak permeable to the logical air free water saturation of main body cylinder to test required flow from main body cylinder the second water flowing valve
Property the soil body, flowing water Valve keeps it turned on to drain in time during entire experiment, it may be necessary to connect vacuum pump
It is evacuated, increases the saturation rate and degree of saturation of the soil body, wait for closing main body the second water flowing of cylinder after the soil body is fully saturated
Valve；
(4) the pore pressure gauge reading under data collecting instrument acquisition and recording experiment original state is opened；Open main body circle
Cylinder the second water flowing valve, by electronic valve control water inlet or water discharging time, by flowmeter control water inlet or water flow, two
The height of water level that device cooperates in i.e. controllable plexiglass cylinder, and due to plexiglass cylinder and main body cylinder bottom
Portion is connected to, to realize the control of artesian water hydraulic pressure；Pore water pressure under the stage pressure is recorded using data collecting instrument continuous acquisition
The reading of power meter；Until the weak water penetration soil body occur it is prominent gush destructions, close main body cylinder the second water flowing valve, close electronic valve with
Data collecting instrument reads and records the reading of plexiglass cylinder device；Then remove the experiment soil body in main body cylinder, resetting
Flowmeter and electronic valve；
(5) it repeats to test using method as described above, changes period, mean value and the amplitude of artesian pressure variation, carry out
Multigroup experiment；Change the reading of Pore Pressure meter by data collecting instrument acquisition and recording each group confined water regime；It is finally right
Every group of test result is arranged, and the confined water regime change procedure Pore Pressure meter of data collecting instrument acquisition and recording is analyzed
Reading；Each group test result is compared, the lower foundation soil body failure mechanism of analysis dynamic artesian water effect.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. the present invention takes circular cross-section model casing to carry out one-dimensional soil unit research after simplifying research object, avoid
Rectangular section model casing four angles may cause earth stress at this, deformation mutation.Overcome previous scale (model) test
It can be only formed simple experiment phenomenon and cannot illustrate the defect of inherent mechanism, the experiment carried out using the present invention can be from this structure
The angle of relationship discloses propagation law of the dynamic artesian water in aquiclude.
2. the present invention uses the air free water saturation testing soil body before the test, is provided during experiment and presses water environment without air bearing,
So that the hole of the experiment soil body is full of air free water, as above operation has 2 benefits：First, underwater bubble is avoided to enter weak water penetration
Soil layer causes the unsaturation problem of the soil body, and (compared with saturated soil, there are larger differences and uncertain for the mechanical characteristic of unsaturated soil
Property)；Second is that underwater bubble interference pore water pressure sensor is avoided to influence its measurement accuracy.
3. the present invention is evacuated the soil body with vacuum pump in saturation process, the saturation rate of the soil body can be increased and satisfied
And degree, avoid test error caused by degree of saturation deficiency.
4. the present invention using the device that flowmeter and electronic valve form adjust the mean value of artesian pressure in main body cylinder,
Change amplitude and rate of change, to the simulation of the continuous dynamic change of artesian water in implementation model case；The letter of pore pressure gauge
Number transmission line can continuously record the dynamic change situation of artesian water after being connect with multi-Channels Data Acquisition, realize that dynamic change is held
Press the monitoring of water pressure.
5. the present invention fixes miniature pore water pressure sensor using sensor fastening device, during effectively avoiding experiment
Soil deformation leads to sensor measurement change in location and influences measuring accuracy.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram for the experimental rig that can simulate the dynamic artesian water effect soil body；
Fig. 2 is pore pressure gauge fixing device details detail drawing；
Fig. 3 (a) is bottom barrel sectional view；
Fig. 3 (b) is bottom barrel vertical view；
Barrel top cover board ground plan based on Fig. 4；
In figure：Main body cylinder 1；Top cylinder 1-1；Pore pressure gauge fixing device 1-2；Bolt 1-2-1；Organic glass
Square toes 1-2-2；Pore pressure gauge 1-2-3；Waterproof rubber ring 1-3；Middle cylinder 1-4；Bottom barrel 1-5；Organic glass is justified
Cylinder unit 1-5-1；Permeable stone 1-5-2；Organic glass pillar 1-5-3；Main body cylinder the first water flowing valve 1-5-4；Main body cylinder
Second water flowing valve 1-5-5；Trolley 1-6；Cover board 1-7；Permeable stone 1-7-2；Flowing water Valve 1-7-1；First flowmeter 2-1；The
One electronic valve 3-1；Second flowmeter 2-2；Second electronic valve 3-2；Plexiglass cylinder device 4；Plexiglass cylinder first is logical
Penstock 4-1；Plexiglass cylinder the second water flowing valve 4-2；Data collecting instrument 5；Vacuum pump 6；The weak water penetration soil body 7；Without gas
Water 8.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention can simulate the experimental rig of the dynamic artesian water effect soil body, including main body cylinder 1, data
Acquisition Instrument 5, vacuum pump 6 and artesian pressure control system；The artesian pressure control system includes plexiglass cylinder dress
Set 4, flowmeter and electronic valve.
The main body cylinder 1 by a section top cylinder 1-1, pore pressure gauge fixing device 1-2, waterproof rubber ring 1-3,
Several section middle cylinder 1-4, a section bottom barrel 1-5, trolley 1-6, cover board 1-7 are constituted, per pitch circle cylinder by organic glass system
At the deformation of the soil body in observation experiment can be facilitated；The top cylinder installs cover board 1-7, the lower surfaces cover board 1-7 on 1-1 tops
Center is equipped with permeable stone 1-7-2 (as shown in Figure 4), and flowing water Valve 1-7-1, this valve of soil body saturation process and vacuum are installed in top
Pump 6 is connected, and flowing water Valve 1-7-1 stays open to drain in time during experiment so that water level line is kept in the experiment soil body
It is constant；The top cylinder 1-1 bottom interior walls have screw thread, for splicing with middle cylinder 1-4；The pore pressure gauge is fixed
Device 1-2 is made of bolt 1-2-1, organic glass square toes 1-2-2, pore pressure gauge 1-2-3, per on pitch circle cylinder different height
Pore water pressure fixing device 1-2, the pressure size for measuring fixed position are installed；The bolt 1-2-1 and pore water pressure
Power meter 1-2-3 is mounted on containing on threaded organic glass square toes 1-2-2, and organic glass square toes 1-2-2 passes through permeable stone and glass
Glass glue is connected with cylinder；The pore pressure gauge fixing device 1-2 is connected by conducting wire with data collecting instrument 5, can be acquired
Confined water regime water pressure delta data；The waterproof rubber ring 1-3 is mounted among two adjacent cylinders, prevents from testing
Leak occurs in journey；Inner wall at the top and bottom of the middle cylinder 1-4 contains screw thread, is used for and upper and lower two pitch circles cylinder phase
Even；
The bottom barrel 1-5 by plexiglass cylinder unit 1-5-1, permeable stone 1-5-2, organic glass pillar 1-5-3,
Main body cylinder the first water flowing valve 1-5-4, main body cylinder the second water flowing valve 1-5-5 are constituted；The organic glass short column 1-5-3
It is fixed on the bottom of plexiglass cylinder unit 1-5-1, permeable stone 1-5-2 is mounted on above organic glass short column 1-5-3, is ensured
Water can be uniformly upper during being saturated the soil body；The plexiglass cylinder unit 1-5-1 bottom sides are equipped with main body
Cylinder the second water flowing valve 1-5-5 with plexiglass cylinder device 4 for being attached, being saturated the soil body and applying artesian head；
There is pressure ring on main body cylinder the second water flowing valve 1-5-5 and plexiglass cylinder device 4, can will be used to connect this two parts
Water pipe fix；The trolley 1-6 is for placing each pitch circle cylinder；
The plexiglass cylinder device 4 is by plexiglass cylinder, organic glass pedestal, the first water flowing of plexiglass cylinder
Valve 4-1 and plexiglass cylinder the second water flowing valve 4-2 compositions；The plexiglass cylinder the first water flowing valve 4-1 and master
The 1-5-5 connections of body cylinder the second water flowing valve, realize that the soil body is saturated and applies boundary hydraulic pressure；The plexiglass cylinder second is logical
Penstock 4-2 draws a main pipe rail, and the end of main pipe rail is divided into two branches, the end of each branch connect a set of electronic valve and
Flowmeter, first set include second flowmeter 2-2 and the second electronic valve 3-2, and second set includes the electricity of first flowmeter 2-1 and first
Sub- valve 3-1；The height of water level in plexiglass cylinder, the energization interval that this process passes through setting electronic valve are controlled by main pipe rail
It is realized with the flow of flowmeter, first set electronic valve and flowmeter control water inlet, second set of electronic valve and flowmeter control water outlet,
The continuous raising and lowering of plexiglass cylinder water level may be implemented；Since plexiglass cylinder is connected to main body bottom of cylinder,
So the artesian head of main body bottom of cylinder can be controlled.The device of the flowmeter and electronic valve composition can control organic glass
Hydraulic pressure in glass cylinder；The soil body and apply artesian head that the plexiglass cylinder device 4 is used to be saturated in main body cylinder 1.
Further, the soil body is the weak water penetration soil body 7 in main body cylinder 1, is saturated using air free water 8.The pore pressure gauge is fixed
The position of device 1-2 can be adjusted according to the needs of experiment, and quantity can need to increase according to experiment；Pore pressure gauge
Fixing device 1-2 should be installed at various height.The experiment soil body in main body cylinder 1 is weak 7 (such as silty clay of the water penetration soil body
Deng), it is saturated using air free water 8.
As shown in Fig. 2, the organic glass square toes 1-2-2 on the pore pressure gauge fixing device 1-2 is provided with mounting hole
The threaded circular hole needed for threaded circular hole and installation bolt 1-2-1 needed for gap water pressure gauge 1-2-3.
As shown in Fig. 3 (a), 3 (b), the permeable stone 1-5-2 makes air free water and powder soil horizon hydraulic communication, provides silt
The artesian pressure of layer；The arrangement of the thickness and organic glass short column 1-5-3 of the permeable stone 1-5-2 should meet Force Calculation and want
It asks so that it is enough to bear the weight of the experiment soil body.
The course of work of the present invention is as follows：First turning on electronic valve makes water flowing in flowmeter carry out emptying operation, by main body
Cylinder the second water flowing valve 1-5-5 leads to air free water into main body cylinder 1-1, and main body is closed after the gas in entire pipeline drains
Cylinder the second water flowing valve 1-5-5.
In pore pressure gauge fixing device 1-2 upper installing hole gap water pressure gauge 1-2-3, by pore pressure gauge 1-2-3
Signal transmssion line be connected to data collecting instrument 5；Then permeable stone 1-5-2 is packed into main body cylinder 1-1；Layering filling silty
Clay is simultaneously tamped, and one layer of wire netting is placed on plexiglass cylinder unit first when being loaded each time, then by certain matter
The soil sample of amount is added to through wire netting in plexiglass cylinder unit, the sample-adding process root of each plexiglass cylinder unit
According to the size of experiment and precision placement in layers and reality is hit, until completion of banketing.By main body cylinder the second water flowing valve 1-5-5 to try
It tests required flow and leads to air free water saturation testing soil body silty clay to main body cylinder 1-1, outlet valve during entire experiment
Door 1-7-1 keeps it turned on to drain in time, and vacuum pump 6 can be connected when necessary and is evacuated, the soil body is increased
Saturation rate and degree of saturation wait for closing main body cylinder the second water flowing valve 1-5-5 after the soil body is fully saturated.
After the completion of waiting for above-mentioned experiment preparation, the hole under 5 acquisition and recording of data collecting instrument experiment original state is opened
The reading of water pressure gauge 1-2-3；Main body cylinder the second water flowing valve 1-5-5 is opened, electronic valve control water inlet (or water outlet) is passed through
Time, by flowmeter control water inlet (or water outlet) flow, two devices cooperate in i.e. controllable plexiglass cylinder
Height of water level, and since plexiglass cylinder is connected to main body bottom of cylinder, to realize the control of artesian water hydraulic pressure；It utilizes
5 continuous acquisition of data collecting instrument records the reading of pore pressure gauge under the stage pressure；Until silty clay, which occurs to dash forward, gushes destruction,
Main body cylinder the second water flowing valve 1-5-5 is closed, electronic valve and data collecting instrument 5 is closed, reads and record plexiglass cylinder
The reading of device 4；The experiment soil body in main body cylinder 1-1 is then removed, flowmeter and electronic valve are reset.
It repeats to test using method as described above, changes period, mean value and the amplitude of artesian pressure variation, carry out multigroup
Experiment；Change the reading of Pore Pressure meter 1-2-3 by 5 acquisition and recording each group confined water regime of data collecting instrument.Finally
Every group of test result is arranged, the confined water regime change procedure pore water pressure of 5 acquisition and recording of data collecting instrument is analyzed
The reading of power meter；Each group test result is compared, the lower foundation soil body failure mechanism of analysis dynamic artesian water effect.
Above-described embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be to the content of present invention and its application furtherly
It is bright, it should not be construed as the present invention and be only applicable to above-described embodiment.All technologies realized based on the principle of the invention and invention content
It all belongs to the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of experimental rig for simulating the dynamic artesian water effect soil body, which is characterized in that including main body cylinder (1), data
Acquisition Instrument (5), vacuum pump (6) and artesian pressure control system；The artesian pressure control system includes organic glass circle
Wound packages sets (4), flowmeter and electronic valve；
The main body cylinder (1) includes that sequentially connected cover board (1-7), one save in top cylinder (1-1), several sections from top to bottom
Between cylinder (1-4), a section bottom barrel (1-5) and trolley (1-6)；The top cylinder (1-1), middle cylinder (1-4), bottom
Cylinder (1-5) is made of organic glass；Cover board (1-7), cover board (1-7) following table are installed on top cylinder (1-1) cylinder top
Face center is equipped with permeable stone (1-7-2), and top is equipped with flowing water Valve (1-7-1), is saturated flowing water Valve (1-7-1) during the soil body
It is connected with vacuum pump (6)；Flowing water Valve (1-7-1) stays open to drain in time during experiment so that the experiment soil body
Interior water level line is kept constant；
The top cylinder (1-1), middle cylinder (1-4), the different height upper installing hole gap water pressure gauge of bottom barrel (1-5)
Fixing device (1-2), the pore water pressure size for measuring fixed position；The pore pressure gauge fixing device (1-2)
It is made of bolt (1-2-1), organic glass square toes (1-2-2), pore pressure gauge (1-2-3)；The bolt (1-2-1) and hole
Gap water pressure gauge (1-2-3) is by being threadably mounted on the organic glass square toes (1-2-2), the organic glass square toes (1-
2-2) it is connected respectively with top cylinder (1-1), middle cylinder (1-4), bottom barrel (1-5) by permeable stone and glass cement；
The pore pressure gauge (1-2-3) connect with the data collecting instrument (5), can acquire confined water regime water pressure variation number
According to；Installation waterproof rubber ring (1-3) among two adjacent pitch circle cylinders of the main body cylinder (1)；
The bottom barrel (1-5) is by plexiglass cylinder unit (1-5-1), permeable stone (1-5-2), organic glass pillar (1-
5-3), the first water flowing of main body cylinder valve (1-5-4), main body cylinder the second water flowing valve (1-5-5) are constituted；The organic glass
Short column (1-5-3) is fixed on the bottom of the plexiglass cylinder unit (1-5-1), and the permeable stone (1-5-2) is mounted on institute
It states above organic glass short column (1-5-3)；Plexiglass cylinder unit (1-5-1) bottom side is equipped with main body cylinder
One water flowing valve (1-5-4), the other side are equipped with main body cylinder the second water flowing valve (1-5-5)；
The plexiglass cylinder device (4) is by plexiglass cylinder, organic glass pedestal, the first water-through valve of plexiglass cylinder
Door (4-1) and plexiglass cylinder the second water flowing valve (4-2) composition；The plexiglass cylinder the first water flowing valve (4-1)
It is connected to main body cylinder the second water flowing valve (1-5-5), realizes that the soil body is saturated and applies boundary hydraulic pressure；The plexiglass cylinder
Second water flowing valve (4-2) draws a main pipe rail, and the end of main pipe rail is divided into two branches, and the end connection of each branch is a set of
Electronic valve and flowmeter；The height of water level in plexiglass cylinder is controlled by main pipe rail, this process is by setting electronic valve
The flow of energization interval and flowmeter realizes that a set of electronic valve and flowmeter control are intake, another set of electronic valve and flowmeter control
Water is made, realizes the continuous raising and lowering of plexiglass cylinder water level.
2. a kind of experimental rig for simulating the dynamic artesian water effect soil body according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating top cylinder (1-1) bottom interior wall has screw thread, for splicing with the middle cylinder (1-4)；Middle cylinder (1-4) top
The inner wall of portion and bottom contains screw thread, for being connected with upper and lower two pitch circles cylinder.
3. a kind of experimental rig for simulating the dynamic artesian water effect soil body according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The experiment soil body stated in main body cylinder (1) is the weak water penetration soil body (7), is saturated using air free water.
4. a kind of experimental rig for simulating the dynamic artesian water effect soil body according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute
It is silty clay to state the weak water penetration soil body (7).
5. a kind of experimental rig for simulating the dynamic artesian water effect soil body according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It is air free water (8) to state the liquid in plexiglass cylinder device (4).
6. a kind of experimental rig for simulating the dynamic artesian water effect soil body according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating the position of pore pressure gauge fixing device (1-2) can be adjusted according to the needs of experiment, and quantity can be according to experiment
It needs to increase；Pore pressure gauge fixing device (1-2) installation is at various height.
7. a kind of experimental rig for simulating the dynamic artesian water effect soil body according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Saturation stage is evacuated the soil body in main body cylinder (1) with vacuum pump (6), can accelerate the rate of soil body saturation, increases
Saturation degree.
8. a kind of carrying out the test method that simulation dynamic artesian water acts on the soil body using any one of claim 1-7 described devices,
It is characterized in that, this approach includes the following steps：
(1) opening electronic valve makes water flowing in flowmeter carry out emptying operation, from main body cylinder the second water flowing valve (1-5-5) to master
Lead to air free water (8) in body cylinder (1-1), main body cylinder the second water flowing valve (1- is closed after the gas in entire pipeline drains
5‐5)；
(2) in pore pressure gauge fixing device (1-2) upper installing hole gap water pressure gauge (1-2-3), by pore pressure gauge (1-
Signal transmssion line 2-3) is connected to data collecting instrument (5)；Then permeable stone (1-5-2) is packed into main body cylinder (1-1)；Point
Layer loads the weak water penetration soil body (7) and tamps, and one layer of wire netting is placed on plexiglass cylinder list first when being loaded each time
On first (1-5-1), then soil sample is added to through wire netting in plexiglass cylinder unit (1-5-1), each organic glass
The sample-adding process of glass cylinder unit (1-5-1) is according to the size of experiment and precision placement in layers and hits reality, until completion of banketing；
(3) lead to air free water to main body cylinder (1-1) from main body cylinder the second water flowing valve (1-5-5) to test required flow
(8) it is saturated the weak water penetration soil body (7), flowing water Valve (1-7-1) keeps it turned on to arrange in time during entire experiment
Water, when necessary connect vacuum pump (6) be evacuated, increase the saturation rate and degree of saturation of the soil body, wait for the soil body it is fully saturated it
Main body cylinder the second water flowing valve (1-5-5) is closed afterwards；
(4) pore pressure gauge (1-2-3) reading under data collecting instrument (5) acquisition and recording experiment original state is opened；It opens
Main body cylinder the second water flowing valve (1-5-5), by electronic valve control water inlet or water discharging time, by flowmeter control water inlet or
Water flow, the height of water level that two devices cooperate in i.e. controllable plexiglass cylinder, and since organic glass is justified
Cylinder is connected to main body cylinder (1) bottom, to realize the control of artesian water hydraulic pressure；Remembered using data collecting instrument (5) continuous acquisition
Record the reading of pore pressure gauge (1-2-3) under the stage pressure；Until the weak water penetration soil body (7), which occurs to dash forward, gushes destruction, master is closed
Body cylinder the second water flowing valve (1-5-5) closes electronic valve and data collecting instrument (5), reads and records plexiglass cylinder dress
Set the reading of (4)；The experiment soil body in main body cylinder (1-1) is then removed, flowmeter and electronic valve are reset；
(5) it repeats to test using method as described above, changes period, mean value and the amplitude of artesian pressure variation, carry out multigroup
Experiment；Change the reading of Pore Pressure meter (1-2-3) by data collecting instrument (5) acquisition and recording each group confined water regime；
Finally every group of test result is arranged, analyzes the confined water regime change procedure mesoporous of data collecting instrument (5) acquisition and recording
The reading of gap water pressure gauge (1-2-3)；Each group test result is compared, the lower foundation soil body of analysis dynamic artesian water effect is broken
Bad mechanism.
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