CN110608953A - Triaxial test soil unit central position pore water pressure test system - Google Patents
Triaxial test soil unit central position pore water pressure test system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110608953A CN110608953A CN201910991500.9A CN201910991500A CN110608953A CN 110608953 A CN110608953 A CN 110608953A CN 201910991500 A CN201910991500 A CN 201910991500A CN 110608953 A CN110608953 A CN 110608953A
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- soil unit
- pressure chamber
- pore water
- pressure
- water pressure
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
Abstract
The invention relates to a system for testing pore water pressure of a triaxial test soil unit center position, which comprises a pressure chamber and a loading cylinder at the top of the pressure chamber; the upper end and the lower end of the pressure chamber are respectively provided with a pressure chamber inlet/outlet pipe and a pressure chamber inlet/outlet channel; a soil unit is arranged in the pressure chamber, and the soil unit is clamped up and down by a soil unit pressurizing upper cap and a soil unit base; the top of the loading cylinder is provided with a displacement sensor, the bottom of the loading cylinder is provided with a cylinder pressure head, and the cylinder pressure head is inserted into the pressure chamber and is pressed on the soil unit pressurizing upper cap; a force sensor is arranged below the soil unit base; and a micro pore water pressure sensor is arranged at the center of the soil unit. The invention has simple and compact structure, low cost, convenient assembly and easy operation, can directly and objectively measure, monitor and display the pore water pressure change process of the soil unit and draw a pore water pressure-vibration frequency curve through the test control computer, and has the advantages of comprehensive and accurate measurement result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a system for testing the pore water pressure of a triaxial test soil unit at the center position.
Background
In soil mechanics, the deformation and strength of a soil body after being stressed depend on effective stress on each broken particle material in the soil body, namely the pressure difference between total stress and pore water pressure on the soil body. When the triaxial test is used for researching the engineering properties of soil, such as strength and deformation characteristics, the change of pore water pressure in a soil unit in the test process needs to be objectively and accurately captured and recorded.
When the existing triaxial test device measures the pore water pressure in the soil unit, the pore pressure sensor is usually arranged at the bottom, the top or the side of a sample of the test soil unit. Due to the constraint effect of the top cap and the base on the soil unit, the stress distribution of the top and the bottom of the sample is not uniform, and the corresponding pore water pressure is also not uniform, so that the pore water pressure value measured by placing the pore pressure measuring sensor at the bottom and the top of the soil unit cannot objectively reflect the change process of the pore water pressure in the soil unit, and further the test data cannot objectively and really reflect the engineering property of the soil layer represented by the soil unit. Although the method of placing the sensor on the side surface of the sample can overcome the defect of uneven pore pressure caused by uneven stress at the end part of the soil unit, the method needs to fix the rigid pore pressure sensor on the flexible rubber membrane, the fixing process is very complicated and tedious, and the subsequent installation of the soil unit is influenced; in addition, because the pore water pressure sensor is arranged on the side surface of the soil unit, when the permeability coefficient of the soil unit is small, the result measured by the sensor cannot truly reflect the pore water pressure distribution in the soil unit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system for testing the pore water pressure of the central position of a soil unit in a triaxial test, which directly measures the pore water pressure of the middle part of the soil unit, can complete a static triaxial test or a circulating triaxial test in a stress control or strain control mode, and overcomes the defect that the existing triaxial test system cannot truly and objectively measure the pore water pressure in the soil unit in the triaxial test process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
triaxial test soil unit central point puts pore water pressure test system, its characterized in that:
the system comprises a pressure chamber and a loading cylinder at the top of the pressure chamber;
the upper end and the lower end of the pressure chamber are respectively provided with a pressure chamber inlet/outlet pipe and a pressure chamber inlet/outlet channel; a soil unit is arranged in the pressure chamber, and the soil unit is clamped up and down by a soil unit pressurizing upper cap and a soil unit base;
the top of the loading cylinder is provided with a displacement sensor, the bottom of the loading cylinder is provided with a cylinder pressure head, and the cylinder pressure head is inserted into the pressure chamber and is pressed on the soil unit pressurizing upper cap; a force sensor is arranged below the soil unit base; and a micro pore water pressure sensor is arranged at the center of the soil unit.
The pressure chamber comprises a pressure chamber top cover and a pressure chamber base, annular grooves are correspondingly formed in the bottom surface of the pressure chamber top cover and the top surface of the pressure chamber base, and a cylindrical pressure chamber outer wall is arranged in each annular groove;
the inner walls of the top end and the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure chamber are provided with staggered platforms, and the corresponding ring grooves are also provided with staggered platforms.
The periphery of the outer wall of the pressure chamber is provided with a plurality of vertical pressure chamber center pillars, the bottom ends of the pressure chamber center pillars are inserted into the insertion holes in the top surface of the pressure chamber base, and the top ends of the pressure chamber center pillars penetrate through the pressure chamber top cover and are fixed through screwing internal thread nuts by hands.
The cylinder pressure head is externally connected with a pressure head cavity exhaust pipe, the lower end of the cylinder pressure head is provided with a rubber sealing ring, and the pressure head is connected with a soil unit by utilizing pressure difference to pressurize an upper cap.
The soil unit pressurizing upper cap is externally connected with a soil unit pressurizing top cap exhaust pipe and a soil unit pressurizing top cap drain pipe.
The circumference of the soil unit is coated with a rubber membrane, and the upper end and the lower end of the soil unit are provided with filter paper and a permeable plate.
The soil unit base is externally connected with a soil unit base drain pipe.
A micro pore water pressure sensor wiring hole and a force sensor wiring hole are formed in the pressure chamber base, the micro pore water pressure sensor is connected with the pore water pressure sensor wiring and led out from the micro pore water pressure sensor wiring hole, and the force sensor wiring is led out from the force sensor wiring hole.
The soil unit base is connected with the force sensor through a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is a stainless steel base.
The displacement sensor, the force sensor and the micro pore water pressure sensor are all connected to a test control computer;
the loading cylinder is controlled by a loading system, and the loading system is connected to a test control computer through a signal wire.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the pore water pressure testing system for the central position of the triaxial test soil unit is used for measuring the pore water pressure of the soil sample, so that the representative value of the pore water pressure at the central position of the soil unit can be obtained more directly, objectively, truly and simply, and the measured pore water pressure can reflect the engineering property of the soil layer represented by the soil unit more objectively and truly.
2. The pore water pressure testing system for the central position of the triaxial test soil unit is used for measuring the pore water pressure of the soil sample, so that various defects existing in the current pore pressure testing method are overcome. The method comprises the problems that when the permeability of a soil body to be tested is poor, the pore pressure result measured by a side pore pressure testing method cannot truly reflect the change of the internal pore water pressure of a soil unit and the pore pressure distribution is not uniform due to stress concentration in an end pore pressure testing method.
3. The invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, convenient operation and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a displacement sensor; 2. loading a cylinder; 3. manually screwing the internal thread nut; 4. a pressure chamber top cover; 5. a pressure head cavity exhaust pipe; 6. a pressure chamber center pillar; 7. an outer wall of the pressure chamber; 8. a soil unit pressurization top cap exhaust pipe; 9. a rubber film; 10. a water permeable plate; 11. a soil unit base drain pipe; 12. a soil unit base; 13. a pressure chamber base; 14. a micro pore water pressure sensor wiring hole; 15. a force sensor wiring hole; 16. a pressure chamber water inlet channel; 17. a force sensor; 18. a connecting member; 19. a soil unit pressurization top cap drain pipe; 20. a soil unit; 21. a micro pore water pressure sensor; 22. pore water pressure sensor wiring; 23. the soil unit is pressurized to be covered by the upper cap; 24. a cylinder pressure head; 25. a pressure chamber inlet/outlet pipe; 26. loading the system; 27. a test control computer; 28. and a signal line.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a system for testing pore water pressure of a triaxial test soil unit center position, which comprises a pressure chamber and a loading cylinder 2 at the top of the pressure chamber; the upper and lower ends of the pressure chamber are respectively provided with a pressure chamber inlet/outlet pipe 25 and a pressure chamber inlet/outlet water channel 16; the soil unit 20 is placed in the pressure chamber, the soil unit 20 is clamped up and down through the soil unit pressurizing upper cap 23 and the soil unit base 12, and the soil unit pressurizing upper cap 23 and the soil unit base 12 are both made of organic glass columns; the top of the loading cylinder 2 is provided with a displacement sensor 1, the bottom of the loading cylinder is provided with a cylinder pressure head 24, and the cylinder pressure head 24 is inserted into the pressure chamber and is pressed on the soil unit pressurizing upper cap 23; a force sensor 17 is arranged below the soil unit base 12; the soil unit 20 is provided with a micro pore water pressure sensor 21 at the center.
The pressure chamber is of a cylindrical hollow structure as a whole and comprises a pressure chamber top cover 4 and a pressure chamber base 13, annular grooves are correspondingly formed in the bottom surface of the pressure chamber top cover 4 and the top surface of the pressure chamber base 13, and a cylindrical pressure chamber outer wall 7 is arranged in each annular groove. The inner walls of the top end and the bottom end of the outer wall 7 of the pressure chamber are provided with staggered platforms, and the corresponding ring grooves are also provided with staggered platforms. The periphery of the outer wall 7 of the pressure chamber is provided with four vertical pressure chamber center pillars 6, the bottom ends of the pressure chamber center pillars 6 are inserted into the insertion holes on the top surface of the pressure chamber base 13, and the top ends of the pressure chamber center pillars pass through the pressure chamber top cover 4 and are fixed by screwing the internal thread nut 3 by hand.
The cylinder pressure head 24 is externally connected with a pressure head cavity exhaust pipe 5, the lower end of the cylinder pressure head 24 is provided with a rubber sealing ring, and the pressure difference is utilized to connect the soil unit and pressurize the upper cap 23. The soil unit pressurizing upper cap 23 is externally connected with a soil unit pressurizing top cap exhaust pipe 8 and a soil unit pressurizing top cap drain pipe 19. The soil unit 20 is wrapped with a rubber membrane 9 around, and the upper and lower ends are provided with filter paper and a permeable plate 10. The soil unit base 12 is externally connected with a soil unit base drain pipe 11. The soil unit base 12 is connected to a force sensor 17 by a connector 18. The connecting member 18 is a stainless steel base and serves to connect the force sensors 17 disposed under the soil unit bases 12 to transmit pressure, and may be connected to each other by means of bolts.
The pressure chamber base 13 is provided with a micro pore water pressure sensor wiring hole 14 and a force sensor wiring hole 15, the micro pore water pressure sensor 21 is connected with a pore water pressure sensor wiring 22 and led out from the micro pore water pressure sensor wiring hole 14, and the wiring of the force sensor 17 is led out from the force sensor wiring hole 15. The displacement sensor 1, the force sensor 17 and the micro pore water pressure sensor 21 are all connected to a test control computer 27; the loading cylinder 2 is controlled by a loading system 26, and the loading system 26 is connected to a test control computer 27 through a signal line 28. The test control computer 27 is internally provided with control system and data acquisition system software and is connected with the loading system 26 through a signal line 28 to realize that an action instruction is issued to the loading system 26; the test control computer 27 is respectively connected with the displacement sensor 1, the force sensor wiring hole 15 and the micro pore water pressure sensor wiring hole 14 through signal lines 28, so that the axial force, displacement and pore water pressure data of the soil unit can be measured, recorded and processed, and the change process of the pore water pressure can be displayed in real time; the loading system 26 is composed of an air cylinder and a servo control system, and is connected to the loading air cylinder 2 through a signal line 28, the servo controller belongs to the prior art, and the structure and the working principle thereof are not described again.
The test process of the invention is as follows:
sleeving the soil unit 20 with a rubber membrane 9 by using a membrane forming cylinder, punching the center of the top section of the soil unit 20 to the center of the soil unit 20 by using a miniature hand drill, and sequentially placing filter paper and permeable stones at two ends of the soil unit; fixing the soil unit 20 on the soil unit base 12 by using the rubber membrane 9; installing a soil unit pressurizing upper cap 23, enabling the micro pore water pressure sensor 21 and the pore water pressure sensor wiring 22 to just sequentially penetrate through the porous permeable stone and the filter paper and extend into the central position of the soil unit 20, and enabling the soil unit 20 to be fixed between the base 12 and the pressurizing upper cap 23; sequentially placing the outer wall 7 of the pressure chamber and the top cover 4 of the pressure chamber, and screwing the internal thread nut 3 by four hands to lock; opening the pressure chamber water inlet channel 16 and the pressure chamber air inlet/outlet pipe 25, injecting water and adding air pressure into the pressure chamber to apply confining pressure to the soil unit 20, and simulating the real stress state of the natural soil body; after the consolidation is finished, starting the test control computer 27 to open the software of the data acquisition system and the control system, and sending a test instruction to the loading system 26 to enable the cylinder pressure head 24 of the loading cylinder 2 to move downwards, and at the moment, the soil unit 20 is compressed; when the air cylinder pressure head 24 moves downwards, the soil unit pressurizing upper cap 23 also generates displacement, and the displacement sensor 1 is matched with the force sensor 15, so that the axial deformation and the pressure borne by the soil unit 20 can be measured under the action of a corresponding control circuit; meanwhile, the pore water pressure value of the soil unit 20 is measured by the micro pore water pressure sensor 21, and is transmitted to the test control computer 26 by the micro pore water pressure sensor wiring hole 14, so that the change process of the pore water pressure of the soil unit is measured, recorded and processed, and the change process of the pore water pressure is displayed in real time; after the test is finished, opening the water inlet channel 16 of the pressure chamber to discharge water in the pressure chamber; adjusting the loading system 26 to enable the loading cylinder 2 to drive the cylinder pressure head 24 to move upwards; unscrewing a hand and screwing the internal thread nut 3, and sequentially detaching the pressure chamber top cover 4 and the soil unit pressurizing upper cap 23; the tested soil units 20 are removed.
The invention can realize the static triaxial test or the circulating triaxial test to measure the pore water pressure of the soil unit in a stress control or strain control mode, and can measure the pore water pressure of the consolidation non-drainage shear (UU shear), the consolidation non-drainage shear (CU shear) and the consolidation drainage shear (CD shear) by controlling the drainage condition.
The invention is not limited to the examples, and any equivalent changes to the technical solution of the invention by a person skilled in the art after reading the description of the invention are covered by the claims of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. Triaxial test soil unit central point puts pore water pressure test system, its characterized in that:
the system comprises a pressure chamber and a loading cylinder (2) at the top of the pressure chamber;
the upper end and the lower end of the pressure chamber are respectively provided with a pressure chamber inlet/outlet pipe (25) and a pressure chamber inlet/outlet water channel (16); a soil unit (20) is arranged in the pressure chamber, and the soil unit (20) is clamped up and down by a soil unit pressurizing upper cap (23) and a soil unit base (12);
the top of the loading cylinder (2) is provided with a displacement sensor (1), the bottom of the loading cylinder is provided with a cylinder pressure head (24), and the cylinder pressure head (24) is inserted into the pressure chamber and is pressed on the soil unit pressurizing upper cap (23); a force sensor (17) is arranged below the soil unit base (12); the center of the soil unit (20) is provided with a micro pore water pressure sensor (21).
2. The system for testing the pore water pressure of the triaxial test soil unit at the central position according to claim 1, wherein:
the pressure chamber comprises a pressure chamber top cover (4) and a pressure chamber base (13), annular grooves are correspondingly formed in the bottom surface of the pressure chamber top cover (4) and the top surface of the pressure chamber base (13), and a cylindrical pressure chamber outer wall (7) is arranged in each annular groove;
the inner walls of the top end and the bottom end of the outer wall (7) of the pressure chamber are provided with staggered platforms, and the corresponding ring grooves are also provided with staggered platforms.
3. The system for testing the pore water pressure of the triaxial test soil unit at the central position according to claim 2, wherein:
the periphery of the outer wall (7) of the pressure chamber is provided with a plurality of vertical pressure chamber center pillars (6), the bottom ends of the pressure chamber center pillars (6) are inserted into the insertion holes in the top surface of the pressure chamber base (13), and the top ends of the pressure chamber center pillars penetrate through the pressure chamber top cover (4) and are fixed through screwing the internal thread nut (3) by hands.
4. The system for testing the pore water pressure of the triaxial test soil unit at the central position according to claim 3, wherein:
the cylinder pressure head (24) is externally connected with a pressure head cavity exhaust pipe (5), the lower end of the cylinder pressure head (24) is provided with a rubber sealing ring, and the pressure head is connected with a soil unit pressurization upper cap (23) by utilizing pressure difference.
5. The system for testing the pore water pressure of the triaxial test soil unit at the central position according to claim 4, wherein:
the soil unit pressurizing upper cap (23) is externally connected with a soil unit pressurizing top cap exhaust pipe (8) and a soil unit pressurizing top cap drain pipe (19).
6. The system for testing the pore water pressure of the triaxial test soil unit at the central position according to claim 5, wherein:
the soil unit (20) is wrapped with a rubber membrane (9) around, and the upper and lower ends are provided with filter paper and a permeable plate (10).
7. The system for testing the pore water pressure of the triaxial test soil unit at the central position according to claim 6, wherein:
the soil unit base (12) is externally connected with a soil unit base drain pipe (11).
8. The system for testing the pore water pressure of the triaxial test soil unit at the central position according to claim 7, wherein:
a micro pore water pressure sensor wiring hole (14) and a force sensor wiring hole (15) are formed in the pressure chamber base (13), the micro pore water pressure sensor (21) is connected with a pore water pressure sensor wiring (22) and led out from the micro pore water pressure sensor wiring hole (14), and the wiring of the force sensor (17) is led out from the force sensor wiring hole (15).
9. The system for testing the pore water pressure of the triaxial test soil unit at the central position according to claim 8, wherein:
the soil unit base (12) is connected with the force sensor (17) through a connecting piece (18), and the connecting piece (18) is a stainless steel base.
10. The system for testing the pore water pressure of the triaxial test soil unit at the central position according to claim 9, wherein:
the displacement sensor (1), the force sensor (17) and the micro pore water pressure sensor (21) are all connected to a test control computer (27);
the loading cylinder (2) is controlled by a loading system (26), and the loading system (26) is connected to a test control computer (27) through a signal wire (28).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910991500.9A CN110608953A (en) | 2019-10-18 | 2019-10-18 | Triaxial test soil unit central position pore water pressure test system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910991500.9A CN110608953A (en) | 2019-10-18 | 2019-10-18 | Triaxial test soil unit central position pore water pressure test system |
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| CN110608953A true CN110608953A (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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| CN201910991500.9A Pending CN110608953A (en) | 2019-10-18 | 2019-10-18 | Triaxial test soil unit central position pore water pressure test system |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111982699A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-24 | 西南交通大学 | Unsaturated soil compression characteristic and permeability characteristic test device |
| CN112832743A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-25 | 西南石油大学 | Rapid-measurement type cement sheath integrity experimental device and evaluation method |
| CN113373989A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-10 | 吉林建筑大学 | Foundation slip casting expansion tester |
| CN114739882A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-07-12 | 煤炭科学研究总院有限公司 | Experimental device for monitoring pore water pressure and transverse permeability based on single-axis testing machine |
| CN116642776A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-08-25 | 浙江大学 | Material hydrogen induced cracking testing device and method for high-pressure hydrogen environment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111982699A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-24 | 西南交通大学 | Unsaturated soil compression characteristic and permeability characteristic test device |
| CN112832743A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-25 | 西南石油大学 | Rapid-measurement type cement sheath integrity experimental device and evaluation method |
| CN113373989A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-10 | 吉林建筑大学 | Foundation slip casting expansion tester |
| CN114739882A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-07-12 | 煤炭科学研究总院有限公司 | Experimental device for monitoring pore water pressure and transverse permeability based on single-axis testing machine |
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| CN116642776A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-08-25 | 浙江大学 | Material hydrogen induced cracking testing device and method for high-pressure hydrogen environment |
| CN116642776B (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2024-01-02 | 浙江大学 | Material hydrogen induced cracking testing device and method for high-pressure hydrogen environment |
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