CN109648494B

CN109648494B - Dismounting clamp

Info

Publication number: CN109648494B
Application number: CN201811630030.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 史鹏飞; 卢玉峰; 袁迪; 杨卫宾
Original assignee: Shaanxi Baocheng Aviation Instrument Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shaanxi Baocheng Aviation Instrument Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-29
Filing date: 2018-12-29
Publication date: 2020-09-11
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-29
Also published as: CN109648494A

Abstract

Providing a disassembling and assembling clamp; the device comprises a bracket assembly for mounting a movable assembly, wherein a handle is mounted at the bottom of the movable assembly, and a movable rod which can vertically and axially displace is arranged at the upper part of the movable assembly; the guide pin which is connected with the movable rod and is provided with synchronous displacement is arranged, and the axial synchronous displacement lambda of the guide pin and the guide pin is limited to be 4-lambda < 20mm through the limiting component; the limiting assembly is fixedly connected with the guide pin into a whole; a positioning assembly is fixedly arranged above the guide pin and comprises a positioning plate, and the horizontal width of a clamping groove of the positioning plate is matched with the length or width of the circuit board body; a pressing plate is horizontally arranged at the upper part of the positioning plate, and the pressing plate and the positioning plate can be elastically stretched upwards along the vertical axial direction and elastically reset and compressed; and the pressure plate can rotate along the radial direction; and the related components of the circuit board are disassembled and assembled in combination with the guide linear displacement of the guide pin in the vertical axial direction. The invention overcomes a plurality of defects of the prior strapdown navigation assembly circuit board assembling and plugging method through a simple structure, improves the plugging consistency and the one-time plugging qualification rate of the circuit board assembly, and has larger application value.

Description

Dismounting clamp

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of assembling clamps, and particularly relates to a disassembling and assembling clamp for oppositely inserting or assembling and disassembling a circuit board in inertial integrated navigation equipment.

Background

The strapdown inertial integrated navigation equipment is one of important instruments used for collecting, resolving and displaying flight data related to the course, the attitude and the like of an airplane on the airplane, and is mainly used for navigation resolving through a strapdown integrated navigation component. The compactness of the circuit board installation in the inertial integrated navigation device determines the working reliability of the inertial integrated navigation device. Under the prior art, two blocks of circuit boards (100) in the strapdown integrated navigation subassembly are through artifical manual completion circuit board to inserting the installation or dismantle the separation, and in the actual operation, at first: under the influence of shaking displacement of manual loading and unloading, the single-side reed is easily damaged in the process of assembling and disassembling the side plate and the socket, so that communication hidden danger is generated, and the integrity of a navigation resolving function is further influenced; secondly, the method comprises the following steps: the contact pin is easily deformed due to uneven force application during manual disassembly, so that subsequent assembly is directly influenced; in addition, manual insertion is not beneficial to finding out assembly defects of a front stage, and in severe cases, the circuit board is damaged during assembly, so the following technical scheme is proposed.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: the utility model provides a dismouting anchor clamps solves among the background art a great deal of not enough of manual installation split strapdown integrated navigation subassembly circuit board, realizes strapdown integrated navigation subassembly circuit board along vertical axial stability, reliable dismantlement or equipment, avoids the reed impaired, avoids the contact pin to warp, furthest avoids producing the equipment defect.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: disassembling and assembling the clamp; comprises a bracket component which is horizontally and fixedly arranged; a movable assembly which is connected with the support assembly in a sliding way and can slightly move in the vertical direction relative to the support assembly, a handle is arranged at the bottom of the movable assembly, and the movable assembly comprises a movable rod of which the upper part can axially and linearly move in the vertical direction; a guide pin which synchronously linearly displaces along with the movable rod in the vertical axial direction is connected with the movable rod; the axial synchronous displacement lambda of the movable rod and the guide pin is limited to be 4-lambda-20 mm through the mounted limiting component; the limiting component is used as a transition piece to fixedly connect the movable rod and the guide pin into a whole; a positioning assembly is fixedly arranged above the guide pin, and the central axis of the guide pin is coaxially and collinearly coincided with the reference hole of the circuit board to be disassembled; the positioning assembly comprises a positioning plate which is horizontally and fixedly installed, the horizontal plane at the upper end of the positioning plate is provided with L-shaped left and right symmetrical clamping grooves, the clamping grooves are used for horizontally installing the circuit board to be disassembled and assembled, and the horizontal width of the clamping grooves is matched with the length or width of the circuit board body; a press plate is horizontally arranged at the upper part of the positioning plate, and the circuit board is adaptively clamped in a clamping groove between the press plate and the positioning plate through the actions of lifting the press plate upwards along a vertical shaft and rotating the press plate in the radial direction between the press plate and the positioning plate; and linearly and axially disassembling related components of the circuit board in combination with the linear displacement of the guide pin along the vertical axial lambda value.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, for the design that realizes reliable horizontal reference supporting component through simple structure: the bracket component consists of a side plate, a support plate and an upper flat plate; the side plates are vertically arranged, the middle parts of the side plates are horizontally fastened and installed with the support plate, and the upper flat plate is horizontally installed in a manner that the upper flat plate is parallel to the upper part of the support plate and is fastened and connected with the top ends of the side plates into a whole.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, for driving movable rod and guide pin along vertical axial synchronization displacement through simple movable assembly structural design: the movable assembly comprises a handle, a movable rod and a guide sleeve I; wherein one end of the handle is hinged with the lower end of the movable rod; the upper end of the movable rod is vertically and fixedly connected with a limiting assembly; the synchronous displacement of the movable rod and the guide pin is limited by a limit component, wherein the synchronous displacement is more than 4 and less than 20 mm; the guide sleeve I is vertically and fixedly connected with the support assembly, and a movable rod is installed in the guide sleeve I in a sliding fit manner; the upper end of the movable rod is fixedly connected with the lower end of the limiting assembly; the upper end of the limiting component is fixedly connected with the lower end of the guide pin.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, for adopting simple reliable and stable spacing subassembly structural design to realize the synchronous micro displacement of the vertical axial lambda value of movable rod and guide pin through this spacing subassembly: the limiting assembly comprises a guide plate, a latch and a stop pin, wherein the guide plate is horizontally arranged, the latch and the stop pin are vertically arranged, and the latch and the stop pin are fixedly connected with the guide plate into a whole in an H shape; a support plate is horizontally arranged below the limiting component, an upper flat plate is horizontally arranged above the limiting component, and the guide plate is horizontally arranged between the support plate and the upper flat plate in parallel; the upper end of the guide plate is vertically and fixedly provided with a latch, and the lower end of the guide plate is vertically and fixedly provided with a stop pin; the distance between the horizontal plane of the upper end of the latch and the horizontal plane of the lower end of the stop pin is h1, the vertical distance between the horizontal upper end surface of the support plate body and the horizontal lower end surface of the upper flat plate body is h2, and h2-h1 is lambda; that is to say: when the horizontal round surface at the lower end of the stop pin abuts against the upper end surface of the support plate or the horizontal round surface at the upper end of the contact pin abuts against the lower end surface of the upper flat plate, the micro-limit of synchronous axial linear displacement of the movable rod and the guide pin is realized; and the lower end surface of the guide plate body is horizontally and fixedly provided with a nut and is screwed with the upper part of the rod body of the movable rod through the nut so as to fixedly connect the guide plate and the movable rod into a whole, and the upper end surface of the guide plate and the lower end of the guide pin are vertically and fixedly connected into a whole, so that the synchronous displacement of the guide plate, the movable rod and the guide pin is realized.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, for realizing through simple and reliable structural design that it drives the movable rod along the vertical axial linear displacement of uide bushing I to lift or push down the handle: the support plate body is provided with a movable assembly; the movable assembly comprises a guide sleeve I, a handle, a cylindrical pin II, a cylindrical pin I and a handle bracket; the guide sleeve I vertically penetrates through the support plate and is fixedly connected with the support plate into a whole; a movable rod is coaxially and slidably installed in the guide sleeve I; the upper end of the movable rod is vertically and fixedly connected with the guide plate; the lower end of the movable rod is hinged with the middle part of the handle through a cylindrical pin II; the non-hand-held end of the handle is hinged with one end of the handle bracket through a cylindrical pin I; the other end of the handle bracket is vertically and fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the support plate body into a whole; the movable rod 13 is driven to linearly displace along the vertical axial direction of the guide sleeve I by lifting or pressing the handle body end of the handle.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, for the design that realizes locating component through simple and reliable structure to realize the vertical axial linear displacement of guide pin relative locating component: the positioning assembly comprises a positioning plate, a guide sleeve II, a guide pin and a pressing plate; wherein the positioning plate is fixedly connected with the horizontal plane of the top end of the bracket component into a whole; the bracket component consists of a side plate which is vertically arranged, a support plate which is fastened and connected with the middle part of the side plate and horizontally arranged, and an upper flat plate which is horizontally arranged above the support plate in parallel; wherein the upper flat plate is horizontally and tightly installed at the top end of the side plate; a positioning plate is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the top end of the upper flat plate; a guide sleeve II vertically penetrates through the positioning plate and the upper flat plate and is fixedly installed; a guide pin is coaxially and slidably matched and installed in the guide sleeve II; and the bottom end of the guide pin is fixedly connected with the top end of the movable rod into a whole through a limiting assembly, so that the movable rod and the guide pin can move along the vertical axial synchronous lambda value.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, for the radial rotating of the relative locating plate of clamp plate is realized through simple structure to and the clamp plate has self-resetting's resilience force after being lifted along vertical axial: the pressure plate is connected with the positioning plate in a screwing way through the step screw, the washer and the spring to realize the radial rotation and the axial rebound pressing action of the pressure plate relative to the positioning plate; the pressing plate is L-shaped, and the positioning plate is U-shaped; the L-shaped pressing plates are positioned at the upper ends of the U-shaped positioning plates, are horizontally parallel and are symmetrically arranged left and right, and meanwhile, the pressing plates can elastically and elastically displace along the vertical axial direction and rotate along the radial direction; the pressing plate is provided with a step through hole along the vertical axial direction, and the step through hole consists of a large-diameter unthreaded hole at the upper part and a small-diameter unthreaded hole at the lower part; the stepped screw rod body consists of a lower small-diameter external thread rod body and an upper large-diameter optical axis rod body; the positioning plate is provided with a threaded hole which is coaxial and collinear with the step through hole in the vertical direction; wherein the step screw is screwed with the threaded hole through the external thread rod body; wherein the diameter of the small-diameter unthreaded hole is larger than that of the threaded hole to form a blocking position of the step-shaped screw, and the external threaded rod body is screwed into the threaded hole and blocked in the blocking position 904 through the step of the step-shaped screw; a spring is axially arranged in the large-diameter unthreaded hole 8021 of the pressure plate, the spring is screwed with a threaded hole through a step-shaped screw of a sleeved washer, and the spring is coaxially arranged between the end surface of a lower ring at the inner side of the washer and the annular surface at the bottom end of the large-diameter unthreaded hole 8021 of the step through hole 802; the outer diameter of the step-shaped screw nut is smaller than the outer diameter of the washer, and the outer diameter of the washer is smaller than the inner diameter of the large-diameter unthreaded hole, so that the step-shaped screw nut and the washer can elastically displace in the vertical axial direction in the large-diameter unthreaded hole, and further the radial rotation of the pressing plate 8 and the resetting resilience of the pressing plate 8 after being lifted up in the vertical axial direction can be realized.

In the above technical solution, in order to increase the hardness so as to prevent the pressing plate from deforming itself in the pressing process, preferably: the pressing plate is made of fluoroplastic or hard rubber plate I material; the guide pin is made of CrWMn alloy steel.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, have more stable vertical guide effect when assembling the circuit board for improving the guide pin along vertical axial fine motion linear displacement, furthest stops broken needle hidden danger: the guide pins are four, the top planes of the four guide pins are arranged in a coplanar manner on the horizontal plane, and the four guide pins in the horizontal plane are distributed in an axisymmetric manner relative to the plane of the circuit board body.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the movable assembly is arranged on the movable assembly which is axially displaced in the vertical direction through being perpendicular to the support assembly, the movable assembly synchronously and axially linearly displaces along with the movable rod under the guiding action of the guide sleeves I and II through lifting the handle, and the guide pin cooperates with the limiting assembly to realize the combined action of the guide pin and the micro-motion limiting displacement of the movable rod, so that the local deformation or abrasion of a single-side reed of the socket caused by uneven force application during manual insertion is avoided, the reliable contact of the side reed of the circuit board and a contact pin is ensured, and the potential damage of the reed is basically avoided;

2. the top ends of the four guide pins are arranged on the same plane in the horizontal plane, so that the hidden danger of pin deformation caused by synchronous separation of four pin rows in the circuit board due to uneven force application during manual disassembly is avoided, the pin is ensured to be assembled for many times without bending and breaking, and the hidden danger of pin breaking is completely eradicated;

3. the clamping grooves with the spacing matched with the length or width of the circuit board body which is horizontally installed cooperate with the axial elastic reset displacement characteristics of the rotating pressing plate 8 and the pressing plate 8, so that the consistency of the assembling and disassembling operation is improved;

4. the clamping groove of the positioning assembly is designed in length and width according to the positioning hole position and the relative positioning hole position of a standard circuit board and the guide pin, when the assembling positions of four line rows on the circuit board deviate from the standard position greatly, the guide pin cannot normally enter the guide hole of the circuit board when the guide pin is assembled by axial micro-motion displacement, so that the defect of early assembly can be found, and the damage of circuit board contact pin jacks caused by forced insertion during manual assembly is avoided; the reliability of the circuit board installation of the strapdown navigation equipment is favorably ensured;

5. according to the invention, the U-shaped end of the positioning plate 18 is adopted to install the pressure plate 8 capable of being lifted upwards, the lifted pressure plate can be radially rotated, automatic springback reset can be realized after hands are lifted upwards and loosened in the vertical axial direction, and the positioning and installation of the circuit board are easy and convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of one embodiment of the present invention in a normal use condition;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the embodiment of FIG. 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is an enlarged structural view of the part I of fig. 2 about the installation of the positioning assembly.

Detailed Description

Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1-4.

The following examples are given to facilitate a better understanding of the invention, but do not limit the invention. The following examples are only a part of the present invention, and not all of them. The components used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "disposed," "provided," and "fixedly connected" are to be interpreted broadly, for example, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be mechanically coupled, directly coupled, indirectly coupled through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The method comprises the following steps of (1) setting and arranging various connection modes including a plurality of components; the 'fixed connection' comprises an integrated structure, screw fastening connection and bonding. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those skilled in the art.

Disassembling and assembling the clamp; (see fig. 2) to provide a fixed horizontal reference plane: including a horizontally fixedly arranged bracket assembly 19. In order to realize the reliable design of the horizontal reference supporting component through a simple structure: the bracket assembly 19 consists of a side plate 1, a support plate 3 and an upper flat plate 7; the side plate 1 is vertically arranged, the support plate 3 is horizontally fastened and installed in the middle of the side plate 1, and the upper flat plate 7 is horizontally installed in a manner that the upper flat plate is parallel to the upper portion of the support plate 3 and is fastened and connected with the top end of the side plate 1 into a whole.

To achieve vertical axial linear displacement of the water surface datum plane: a movable assembly 171 is slidably connected to the support assembly 19 and is capable of micro-moving in the vertical direction relative to the support assembly 19. To facilitate manual operation of the movable assembly; the movable assembly 171 is mounted at the bottom with a handle 17. In the above embodiment, in order to drive the movable rod 13 and the guide pin 12 to synchronously displace along the vertical axis through the simple structural design of the movable assembly: the movable assembly 171 comprises a handle 17, a movable rod 13 and a guide sleeve I31; wherein one end of the handle 17 is hinged with the lower end of the movable rod 13; the upper end of the movable rod 13 is vertically and fixedly connected with a limiting assembly; the synchronous displacement of the movable rod 13 and the guide pin 12 is limited by a limit component, wherein the synchronous displacement is more than 4 and less than 20 mm; the guide sleeve I31 is vertically and fixedly connected with the bracket assembly 19, and the movable rod 13 is installed in the guide sleeve I31 in a sliding fit manner; the upper end of the movable rod 13 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the limiting assembly; the upper end of the limiting component is fixedly connected with the lower end of the guide pin 12.

For adopting simple reliable and stable spacing subassembly structural design to realize the synchronous micro displacement of the perpendicular axial lambda value of movable rod 13 and guide pin 12 through this spacing subassembly: the limiting assembly comprises a guide plate 5 arranged horizontally, a latch 6 and a stop pin 4 arranged vertically, and the latch 6 and the stop pin 4 are fixedly connected with the guide plate 5 into a whole in an H shape; a support plate 3 is horizontally arranged below the limiting component, an upper flat plate 7 is horizontally arranged above the limiting component, and a guide plate 5 is horizontally arranged between the support plate 3 and the upper flat plate 7 in parallel; the upper end of the guide plate 5 is vertically and fixedly provided with a latch 6, and the lower end of the guide plate 5 is vertically and fixedly provided with a stop pin 4; the distance between the horizontal plane of the upper end of the latch 6 and the horizontal plane of the lower end of the stop pin 4 is h1, the vertical distance between the horizontal upper end surface of the plate body of the support plate 3 and the horizontal lower end surface of the plate body of the upper flat plate 7 is h2, and h2-h1 is lambda; that is to say: when the horizontal round surface at the lower end of the stop pin 4 abuts against the upper end surface of the support plate 3 or the horizontal round surface at the upper end of the collision pin 6 abuts against the lower end surface of the upper flat plate 7, the micro-limit of the synchronous axial linear displacement of the movable rod 13 and the guide pin 12 is realized; the horizontal fixed mounting nut 14 of terminal surface under the 5 plates of baffle and close the upper portion of the body of the movable rod 13 of connection soon through nut 14 to link firmly guide 5 and movable rod 13 as an organic whole, the perpendicular integrative that links firmly of guide 5 up end and guide pin 12 lower extreme, realize the synchronous displacement of guide 5 and movable rod 13 and guide pin 12.

For the realization through simple and reliable structural design drives movable rod 13 along the vertical axial linear displacement of uide bushing I31 through lifting up or pushing down the handle: the support plate 3 is provided with a movable component 171; the movable assembly 171 comprises a guide sleeve I31, a handle 17, a cylindrical pin II 16, a cylindrical pin I15 and a handle bracket 32; the guide sleeve I31 vertically penetrates through the support plate 3 and is fixedly connected with the support plate 3 into a whole; a movable rod 13 is coaxially and slidably arranged in the guide sleeve I31; the upper end of the movable rod 13 is vertically and fixedly connected with the guide plate 5; the lower end of the movable rod 13 is hinged with the middle part of a handle 17 through a cylindrical pin II 16; the non-hand-held end of the handle 17 is hinged with one end of the handle bracket 32 through a cylindrical pin I15; the other end of the handle bracket 32 is vertically and fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the plate body of the support plate 3 into a whole; the movable rod 13 is driven to linearly displace along the vertical axial direction of the guide sleeve I31 by lifting or pressing the handle body end of the handle 17.

In the above embodiment, to provide the vertically oriented linkage: the movable assembly 171 includes a movable rod 13 whose upper portion is axially linearly displaced in the vertical direction; and a guide pin 12 which synchronously and linearly displaces along with the movable rod 13 in the vertical axial direction is connected with the movable rod 13. In order to adapt to micro-motion vertical axial displacement of circuit board assembly: the axial synchronous displacement lambda of the movable rod 13 and the guide needle 12 is limited to be 4 < lambda < 20mm through the mounted limiting component; and the limiting component is used as a transition piece to fixedly connect the movable rod 13 and the guide pin 12 into a whole. To accomplish the mounting of the components of the wiring board 100: and a positioning component 181 for positioning and mounting the circuit board 100 is fixedly mounted above the guide pin 12. The central axis of the guide pin 12 is coaxially and collinearly coincided with the reference hole of the circuit board 100 to be disassembled after positioning and installation, so as to be beneficial to error prevention; the positioning component 181 comprises a positioning plate 18 which is fixedly installed horizontally, a clamping groove 1801 which is L-shaped and bilaterally symmetrical is formed in the horizontal plane of the upper end of the positioning plate 18, and the clamping groove 1801 is used for horizontally installing the circuit board 100 to be assembled and disassembled. The horizontal width of the slot 1801 is adapted to the length or width of the board body of the circuit board 100; a pressing plate 8 is horizontally arranged at the upper part of the positioning plate 18, and the circuit board 100 is fittingly clamped in a clamping groove 1801 between the pressing plate 8 and the positioning plate 18 through actions of upwards lifting the pressing plate 8 along a vertical shaft and radially rotating the pressing plate 8 between the pressing plate 8 and the positioning plate 18; the associated components of circuit board 100 are axially linearly disassembled in conjunction with linear displacement of lead 12 along the vertical axial lambda value.

In order to achieve the design of the positioning assembly and the vertical axial linear displacement of the guide pin 12 with respect to the positioning assembly by means of a simple and reliable structure: the positioning component 181 comprises a positioning plate 18, a guide sleeve II 1201, a guide pin 12 and a pressing plate 8; wherein the positioning plate 18 is fixedly connected with the horizontal plane of the top end of the bracket component 19 into a whole; the bracket assembly 19 consists of a side plate 1 which is vertically arranged, a support plate 3 which is fixedly connected with the middle part of the side plate 1 and horizontally arranged, and an upper flat plate 7 which is horizontally arranged above the support plate 3 in parallel; wherein the upper flat plate 7 is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the top end of the side plate 1; a positioning plate 18 is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the top end of the upper flat plate 7; a guide sleeve II 1201 vertically penetrates through the positioning plate 18 and the upper flat plate 7; a guide pin 12 is coaxially and slidably matched and installed in the guide sleeve II 1201; and the bottom end of the guide pin 12 is fixedly connected with the top end of the movable rod 13 into a whole through a limiting component, so that the movable rod 13 and the guide pin 12 can move along the vertical axial synchronous lambda value.

In the above embodiment, in order to realize the radial rotation of the pressing plate 8 relative to the positioning plate 18 by a simple structure, and the pressing plate 8 has a self-resetting resilience force after being lifted along the vertical axial direction: the pressure plate 8 is screwed and connected with the positioning plate 18 through a stepped screw 9, a washer 10 and a spring 11 to realize the radial rotation and the axial rebound pressing action of the pressure plate 8 relative to the positioning plate 18 (see fig. 4); the pressing plate 8 is L-shaped, and the positioning plate 18 is U-shaped; the L-shaped pressing plate 8 is positioned at the upper end of the U-shaped positioning plate 18, is horizontally parallel and is installed in a bilateral symmetry mode, and meanwhile, the pressing plate 8 can elastically and elastically displace along the vertical axial direction and rotate along the radial direction; the pressing plate 8 is provided with a step through hole 802 along the vertical axial direction, and the step through hole 802 is composed of a large-diameter unthreaded hole 8021 at the upper part and a small-diameter unthreaded hole 8022 at the lower part; the step screw 9 rod body consists of a lower small-diameter external thread rod body 901 and an upper large-diameter optical axis rod body 902; the positioning plate 18 is provided with a threaded hole 803 which is coaxial and collinear with the step through hole 802 in the vertical direction; the step screw 9 is screwed with the threaded hole 803 through the external thread rod body 901; the diameter of the small-diameter unthreaded hole 8022 is larger than that of the threaded hole 803 to form a blocking position 904 of the stepped screw, and the external threaded rod body 901 is screwed into the threaded hole 803 and blocked in the blocking position 904 through a step of the stepped screw 9; a spring 11 is arranged in the large-diameter unthreaded hole 8021 of the pressing plate 8, the spring 11 is screwed with the threaded hole 803 through a step-shaped screw 9 sleeved with a gasket 10, and the spring 11 is coaxially arranged between the end surface of the lower ring at the inner side of the gasket 10 and the annular surface at the bottom end of the large-diameter unthreaded hole 8021 of the step through hole 802; the outer diameter of the nut of the step-shaped screw 9 is smaller than the outer diameter of the washer 10, and the outer diameter of the washer 10 is smaller than the inner diameter of the large-diameter unthreaded hole 8021, so that the step-shaped screw 9 nut and the washer 10 can elastically displace in the vertical axial direction in the large-diameter unthreaded hole 8021, and further the radial rotation of the pressing plate 8 and the resetting resilience of the pressing plate 8 after being lifted up in the vertical axial direction can be realized.

The steps for further explaining the installation of the pressure plate 8 and the positioning plate 18 are as follows: the installation steps of the pressure plate 8 and the positioning plate 18 are as follows: a spring 11 is arranged in a large-diameter unthreaded hole 8021 of a step through hole 802 of the pressure plate 8 in advance; a washer 10 is sleeved on the step-shaped screw 9; after the external thread rod body 901 of the step screw 9 passes through the spring 11 and the small-diameter unthreaded hole 8022 in sequence, the external thread rod body 901 of the step screw 9 is screwed into the threaded hole 803 to complete installation.

In the above embodiment, in order to increase the rigidity so as not to deform the pressure plate 8 itself during the compression, it is preferable that: the pressing plate 8 is made of fluoroplastic or hard rubber plate I type materials. The guide pin 12 is preferably made of CrWMn alloy steel. Have more stable vertical guide effect for improving when the guide pin is followed vertical axial fine motion linear displacement equipment circuit board 100 subassembly, furthest stops broken needle hidden danger: the guide pins 12 are four, the top end planes of the four guide pins 12 are coplanar in a horizontal plane, and the four guide pins 12 in the horizontal plane are axisymmetrically distributed relative to the plane of the board body of the circuit board 100 (see fig. 1).

It can be seen that the bracket assembly 19 of the present invention has a plate 3 mounted horizontally and fixedly; a guide sleeve I31 vertically penetrates through the plate body of the support plate 3 and vertically fixes the mounting bracket; a movable rod 13 is installed in a guide sleeve I31 of the bracket in a sliding and displacement adaptive mode along the vertical axial direction; the lower end of the movable rod 13 is hinged with components such as a handle 17 and the like; (see fig. 3) the middle part of the handle 17 is hinged with the lower end of the movable rod 13 through a cylindrical pin II 16, the non-holding end of the handle 17 is hinged with one end of a handle bracket 32 through a cylindrical pin I15, and the other end of the handle bracket 32 is vertically and fixedly connected with the lower end face of the plate body of the support plate 3 into a whole; the upper end of the movable rod 13 is vertically and fixedly connected with the guide plate 5 into a whole, and the horizontal plate of the guide plate 5 vertical to the movable rod 13 is driven to synchronously and linearly displace up and down simultaneously through the vertical axial sliding displacement of the movable rod 13 along the guide sleeve I31 of the bracket; the linear displacement of the movable rod 13 along the vertical axial direction is realized through the action of either the upper swinging handle 17 or the lower swinging handle 17; in order to realize the micro-motion displacement of the guide plate 5 on the vertical upper part, the upper end surface of the plate body of the guide plate 5 is vertically and fixedly provided with a latch 6, and the lower end of the plate body of the guide plate 5 is vertically and fixedly provided with a stop pin 4; an upper flat plate 7 which is parallel to the upper part of the guide plate 5 and is horizontally arranged is fixedly arranged, and a positioning plate 18 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the upper flat plate 7; a guide sleeve II 1201 vertically and fixedly installed vertically penetrates through the upper flat plate 7 and the positioning plate 18, and a guide pin 12 axially displaced along the vertical direction is installed in the guide sleeve II 1201 in a sliding and adaptive mode; the guide pin 12 extends out of the lower end face of the upper flat plate 7 and is vertically and fixedly connected with the guide plate 5 below the upper flat plate 7; the upper end of the guide pin 12 extends out of the upper end surface of the positioning plate 18 and synchronously and slightly moves along the vertical axial direction along with the guide plate 5 and the movable rod 13; and then, the upper end of the U-shaped bilateral symmetry upper plane of the positioning plate 18 is provided with the pressing plate 8 along the vertical axial elastic displacement through the step screw 9, the gasket 10 and the spring 11, the circuit board body to be disassembled is placed between the upwards-pulled pressing plate 8 and the positioning plate 18 through the elastic self-resetting axial linear displacement of the pressing plate 8 relative to the positioning plate 18 in the vertical axial direction, and the circuit board is disassembled and assembled under the combined action of the guide pin 12 under the vertical guide effect that all movable parts of the clamp have the vertical axial linear displacement characteristic and the combined action of the micro-motion displacement.

Specifically, the materials selected by the invention comprise CrWMn alloy steel, LY12 hard aluminum, T8A steel, 45# steel and fluoroplastic.

The invention is shown in figure 1 in use: taking the size design of a clamp with the length of 240mm and the width of 160mm on the horizontal plane of the upper end of the bracket component as an example, lambda is 4.2 mm; the vertical distance between the horizontal round surface of the upper end of the guide pin 12 of the exposed part of the upper end of the guide pin 12 which penetrates through the axial mounting hole of the circuit board 100 and the lower end surface of the board body of the circuit board 100 in the clamping state is 6 mm; meanwhile, in the use state shown in fig. 1, when the horizontal round surface at the lower end of the stop pin 4 tightly abuts against the horizontal surface at the upper end of the support plate 3; the vertical distance between the horizontal round surface at the upper end of the latch 6 and the lower horizontal end surface of the plate body of the upper flat plate 7 is 4.2 mm.

Further, with reference to the embodiment of fig. 1: the guide pin 12 is made of CrWMn alloy steel; the invention of the embodiment of figure 1 has a frame assembly 19, a positioning assembly 181, a movable assembly 171, four guide pins 12 and a handle 17; the bracket assembly 19 essentially comprises two side plates 1, a support plate 3 and an upper plate 7 forming the horizontal base of the clamp. The positioning assembly 181 comprises a positioning plate 18, four GB 97.1-85 washers 10, four HB 289-1987M 4X20 stepped screws 9, four GB/T2089-19800.8X 8X25 springs 11, and four pressure plates 8 as fluoroplastic embodiments, wherein the positioning plate 18 and the pressure plates 8 are directly used for fixing the circuit board. And the positioning component 181 is fixed on the upper plate 7 by four GB70-85M4X20 countersunk head screws 18001. The movable assembly 171 comprises a movable rod 13, a guide plate 5, four contact pins 6, four stop pins 4 and a GB 6172-86M 10 nut 14, and the up-and-down movement of the movable assembly 171 drives the thrust of the linear displacement of the four guide pins 12 connected thereto along the vertical axial direction, and the thrust acts on the force application point of the circuit board through the guide pins 12, thereby playing a role of separating the two circuit boards. Further: the four guide pins 12 are made of CrWMn alloy steel by quenching. Further: the top end of the guide pin 12 is provided with a convex rounded horizontal upper end face. And the protruding rounded top end of the guide pin 12 plays a role in guiding when the circuit board 100 is assembled; when the circuit board 100 is disassembled, the two components directly act on the acting point of the circuit board 100, so that the two components are separated; the handle 17 is fixedly connected with a movable rod 13 arranged on the movable assembly 171 through a cylindrical pin II 16 of a GB 119-86A 4X20 cylindrical pin, and then is fixedly connected with a bracket assembly 19 of the bracket assembly through a GB 119-86A 4X15 cylindrical pin I15; the two circuit boards are attached and detached by operating the handle 17.

The installation includes: a positioning component 181 is fixedly arranged on the upper flat plate 7; wherein, the installation of locating component 181: the positioning component 181 comprises a positioning plate 18 which is fastened and connected with the upper flat plate 7 into a whole, four fluoroplastic pressing plates 8, four HB 289-87M 4X20 stepped screws 9, four GB 97.1-85 washers 10 and four GB/T2089-19800.8X 8X25 springs 11. Firstly, the positioning plate 18 is fastened and connected with the upper flat plate 7 into a whole through a counter bore screw 18001 by the positioning plate 18; after four HB 289-87M 4X20 stepped screws 9 are respectively sleeved with four GB 97.1-85 washers 10 and four GB 2089-800.8X 8X25 springs 11, the four fluoroplastic pressing plates 8 are respectively fastened and installed on one positioning plate 18 through the four HB 289-87M 4X20 stepped screws to form the positioning assembly 181.

Mounting of the movable member 171: four latch bolts 6 and four stop bolts 4 are mounted on a guide plate 5, and a nut 14 of GB 6172-86M 10 attached to a movable rod 13 is mounted on the guide plate 5 to form a movable assembly 171. The four guide pins 12 are then temporarily mounted in line to the movable assembly 171.

Mounting of the bracket assembly 19: installing a handle bracket 32 on the lower end face of a support plate 3 by using two GB 65-85M 4X10 screws, installing a guide sleeve I31 on the support plate 3, connecting the support plate 3 and two side plates 1 together by using six GB70-85M4X20 screws 2, horizontally placing the side plates 1 on a worktable for clamping, after a movable rod 13 of a movable assembly 171 passes through a through hole of the support plate 3, connecting an upper flat plate 7 and a positioning assembly 181 together by using four GB70-85M4X20 screws, installing four supports and four bushings in four threaded holes matched with the upper flat plate 7 and the positioning assembly 181, and then sleeving the four threaded holes on the side plates 1 by using 6 GB70-85M4X20 screws to form a bracket assembly 19; finally, 1 handle 17 is connected to the handle bracket 32 of the bracket assembly 19 by using one GB 119-86A 4X15 cylindrical pin I15, the handle 17 is connected to the movable rod 13 of the movable assembly 171 by using 1 GB 119-86A 4X20 cylindrical pin II 16, and the overall installation of the dismounting clamp is completed after the position is corrected.

The dismounting and mounting fixture of the embodiment of fig. 1 of the invention is horizontally placed on a working table, stains attached to the positioning assembly 181 are cleaned, and a circuit board for dismounting is prepared. It should be noted that the circuit board is composed of a plugboard and a bottom board to be separated or combined. The invention also comprises an assembling method and a splitting method; the assembling method comprises the following steps:

step A: the pressing end of the horizontal part 801 of the pressing plate 8 on the positioning component 181 is rotated to the outside; horizontally placing a bottom plate in the circuit board to be assembled on the positioning component 181 in alignment with the clamping slot 1801;

and B: after slightly lifting the pressing plate 8, rotating the pressing end of the horizontal part 801 of the pressing plate 8 on the positioning component 181 in the step A to the inner side, and pressing the bottom plate in the plug board through the horizontal end surface at the lower side of the horizontal part 801 of the pressing plate 8;

and C: the pressing plate 8 is rotated and lifted up to turn the horizontal portion 801 thereof to the outside; providing a positioning reference for a plugboard in a circuit board to be assembled through a guide pin 12, placing the plugboard on a clamping groove 1801 of the positioning component 181 in the step B by aligning the guide pin 12, rotating the pressing plate 8 to the inner side, attaching the lower end surface of the horizontal part 801 of the pressing plate 8 to the upper end surface of the plugboard body of the circuit board to be installed, loosening the lifted pressing plate 8, and pushing the plugboard to naturally sink and be inserted with the bottom plate along the vertical axial direction under the action of gravity through the lower end surface of the horizontal part 801 of the pressing plate 8 under the action of reset resilience force of the pressing plate 8;

step D: pressing the upper end face of the plugboard of the circuit board in the step C by using a palm to ensure that the plugboard is reliably connected to the bottom plate again;

step E: d, rotating the pressing end of the pressing plate 8 on the positioning component 181 to the outer side, and taking down the circuit board which is installed in the step D to quickly install the circuit board in a vertical guidance manner;

step F: step E, disassembling, assembling, cleaning and maintaining the clamp of the invention

The splitting method comprises the following steps:

step H: the pressing end of the horizontal part 801 of the pressing plate 8 on the positioning component 181 is rotated to the outside;

step I: aligning a circuit board to be disassembled with the clamping groove 1801, and then flatly placing the circuit board on the clamping groove 1801 which is arranged between the pressing plate 8 of the positioning component 181 and the positioning plate 18 and is symmetrical left and right; the bottom plate of the circuit board is arranged at the lower part, and the circuit board to be disassembled is placed on the upper part of the plug board, namely, turned over;

step J: rotating the pressing end of the pressing plate 8 on the positioning component 181 to the inner side, and pressing the lower pressing end plane of the horizontal part 801 of the pressing plate 8 to the plug board;

step K: lifting the handle 17 by hand, and linearly displacing the upper part of the guide pin 12 upwards along the vertical axial direction; and passes through the plugging hole of the lower plugboard; the upper inserting plate and the lower bottom plate are loosened by the thrust of the upper end surface of the guide pin 12, so that the inserting plate and the bottom plate are separated;

step L: rotating the pressing end of the horizontal part 801 of the pressing plate 8 on the positioning component 181 in the step K to the outer side, and taking down the bottom plate and the plugboard of the circuit board firstly and secondly;

step M: and step L, disassembling, assembling, cleaning and maintaining the clamp.

It should be noted that: referring to fig. 1, the above components are combined into a dismounting fixture, and when the dismounting fixture is used, the dismounting fixture is horizontally placed on a workbench surface according to a use environment, and then two circuit boards which are dismounted are mounted and positioned, so that dismounting work can be carried out. By raising the pressing plate 8, the spring 11 is compressed, and the L-shaped horizontal portion 801 of the pressing plate 8 is first turned to the outside from the state shown in fig. 1; then, the circuit board 100 is horizontally installed in the card slot 1801; then, L-shaped horizontal portion 801 of pressing plate 8 is turned inside again; then, the pressing plate 8 is loosened, and the circuit board 100 is clamped and fixed in the clamping groove 1801 between the pressing plate 8 and the U-shaped positioning plate 18 by the gravity and the axial reset elastic force of the compressed spring 11 in the axial closed cavity. That is to say: the movable assembly 171 can be used to separate two circuit boards; the circuit board can be disassembled; the positioning component 181 is mainly used for the plug-in mounting of two circuit boards; when the circuit board is assembled, the circuit board is loaded after the pressing plate 8 is rotated outwards and inwards, and then the lifted pressing plate 8 is loosened to realize the opposite insertion of the circuit board.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides axial vertical guiding function for the movable rod 13 and the guide pin 12 of the movable assembly 171 through the guide sleeves I and II respectively, and cooperates with the bracket assembly 19 supported horizontally; the movable component 171 which is axially displaced in the vertical direction is arranged through being vertical to the support component 19, and the guide pin 12 synchronously and axially linearly displaces along with the movable rod 13 under the guiding action of the guide sleeves I and II through lifting the handle 17 by the movable component 171; the limiting assembly is cooperated with the micro-motion limiting displacement of the guide pin 12 and the movable rod 13, so that the local deformation or abrasion of the single-side reed of the socket caused by uneven force application during manual insertion is avoided, the reliable contact of the side reed of the circuit board and the contact pin is ensured, and the hidden danger of the damage of the reed is basically avoided; the top ends of the four guide pins 12 are arranged on the same plane on the horizontal plane, so that the hidden danger of pin deformation caused by synchronous separation of four pin lines in the circuit board due to uneven force application during manual disassembly is avoided, the pin is ensured to be assembled for many times without bending and breaking, and the hidden danger of pin breaking is completely eradicated. In addition, the clamping grooves 1801 with the matching distance and the length or the width of the board body of the horizontally installed circuit board 100 cooperate with the rotating pressing plate 8 and the axial elastic reset displacement characteristic of the pressing plate 8 to improve the consistency of the assembling and disassembling operation, an operator positions and fixes the circuit board on the assembling and disassembling clamp, then completes the separating process of the circuit board by lifting or putting down the handle, and repeatedly assembles and disassembles the same group of circuit boards, so that the consistency of the matching positions of the two circuit boards is ensured. Finally, the sizes of the clamping groove 1801, the U-shaped positioning plate 18 and the L-shaped pressing plate 8 are designed according to the positioning hole position and the relative positioning hole position of the standard circuit board and the guide pin of the clamping groove 1801 of the positioning component; in addition, the U-shaped end of the positioning plate 18 is provided with the pressure plate 8 capable of being lifted, the lifted pressure plate 8 can be radially rotated, automatic springback reset can be realized after hands are lifted upwards and loosened in the vertical axial direction, and the circuit board 100 is easy and convenient to position and install. When the method is used specifically, when the assembling positions of the four wire rows on the circuit board 100 assembly deviate from the standard position greatly, the guide pins 12 cannot normally enter the guide holes of the circuit board when the guide pins 12 are assembled by axial micro-motion displacement, so that the defect of early-stage assembly can be found, and the damage of circuit board contact pin jacks caused by forced plugging during manual assembling is avoided; the method is favorable for ensuring the reliability of the installation of the circuit board of the strapdown navigation equipment.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and therefore, all equivalent changes made by the contents of the claims of the present invention should be included in the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Disassembling and assembling the clamp; the method is characterized in that: comprises a bracket component (19) which is horizontally and fixedly arranged; a movable assembly (171) which is in sliding connection with the support assembly (19) and can slightly move in the vertical direction relative to the support assembly (19) is arranged, a handle (17) is arranged at the bottom of the movable assembly (171), and the movable assembly (171) comprises a movable rod (13) of which the upper part can axially and linearly move in the vertical direction; a guide pin (12) which synchronously and linearly displaces along with the movable rod (13) in the vertical axial direction is connected with the movable rod (13); and the axial synchronous displacement lambda of the movable rod (13) and the guide pin (12) is limited to be 4 < lambda < 20mm through the mounted limiting component; the limiting component is used as a transition piece to fixedly connect the movable rod (13) and the guide pin (12) into a whole; a positioning component (181) is fixedly arranged above the guide pin (12), and the central axis of the guide pin (12) is coaxial and collinear with and coincident with the reference hole of the circuit board (100) to be disassembled; the positioning component (181) comprises a positioning plate (18) which is horizontally and fixedly installed, the horizontal plane at the upper end of the positioning plate (18) is provided with L-shaped left-right symmetrical clamping grooves (1801), the clamping grooves (1801) are used for horizontally installing a circuit board (100) to be disassembled and assembled, and the horizontal width of the clamping grooves (1801) is matched with the length or width of the board body of the circuit board (100); a pressing plate (8) is horizontally arranged at the upper part of the positioning plate (18), and the circuit board (100) is fittingly clamped in a clamping groove (1801) between the pressing plate (8) and the positioning plate (18) through actions of lifting the pressing plate (8) upwards along a vertical shaft and radially rotating the pressing plate (8) between the pressing plate (8) and the positioning plate (18); and the related components of the circuit board (100) are assembled and disassembled in an axial linear mode along the linear displacement axial lambda value of the vertical axial direction by combining the guide pin (12).

2. The disassembly and assembly jig of claim 1, wherein: the support assembly (19) consists of a side plate (1), a support plate (3) and an upper flat plate (7); the side plate (1) is vertically arranged, the support plate (3) is horizontally fastened and installed in the middle of the side plate (1), and the upper flat plate (7) is horizontally installed, is parallel to the upper portion of the support plate (3) and is fastened and connected with the top end of the side plate (1) into a whole.

3. The disassembly and assembly jig of claim 1, wherein: the movable assembly (171) comprises a handle (17), a movable rod (13) and a guide sleeve I (31); wherein one end of the handle (17) is hinged with the lower end of the movable rod (13); the upper end of the movable rod (13) is vertically and fixedly connected with a limiting assembly; the synchronous displacement of the movable rod (13) and the guide pin (12) is limited by a limit component, wherein the synchronous displacement is more than 4 and less than 20 mm; the guide sleeve I (31) is vertically and fixedly connected with the support assembly (19), and the movable rod (13) is installed in the guide sleeve I (31) in a sliding fit mode; the upper end of the movable rod (13) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the limiting assembly; the upper end of the limiting component is fixedly connected with the lower end of the guide pin (12).

4. The disassembly and assembly jig of claim 1, wherein: the limiting assembly comprises a guide plate (5) which is horizontally arranged, a latch pin (6) and a stop pin (4) which are vertically arranged, and the latch pin (6) and the stop pin (4) are fixedly connected with the guide plate (5) into a whole in an H shape; a support plate (3) is horizontally arranged below the limiting component, an upper flat plate (7) is horizontally arranged above the limiting component, and the guide plate (5) is horizontally arranged between the support plate (3) and the upper flat plate (7) in parallel; the upper end of the guide plate (5) is vertically and fixedly provided with a latch (6), and the lower end of the guide plate (5) is vertically and fixedly provided with a stop pin (4); the distance between the upper end horizontal plane of the latch pin (6) and the lower end horizontal plane of the stop pin (4) is h1, the vertical distance between the horizontal upper end surface of the plate body of the support plate (3) and the horizontal lower end surface of the plate body of the upper flat plate (7) is h2, and h2-h1 is lambda; horizontal fixed mounting nut (14) of terminal surface under baffle (5) plate body closes soon through nut (14) and connects movable rod (13) body of rod upper portion to link firmly baffle (5) and movable rod (13) as an organic whole, baffle (5) up end links firmly as an organic whole with guide pin (12) lower extreme is perpendicular, realizes the synchronous displacement of baffle (5) and movable rod (13) and guide pin (12).

5. The attaching and detaching jig according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the plate body of the support plate (3) is provided with a movable component (171); the movable assembly (171) comprises a guide sleeve I (31), a handle (17), a cylindrical pin II (16), a cylindrical pin I (15) and a handle bracket (32); the guide sleeve I (31) vertically penetrates through the support plate (3) and is fixedly connected with the support plate (3) into a whole; a movable rod (13) is coaxially and slidably arranged in the guide sleeve I (31); the upper end of the movable rod (13) is vertically and fixedly connected with the guide plate (5); the lower end of the movable rod (13) is hinged with the middle part of the handle (17) through a cylindrical pin II (16); the non-hand-held end of the handle (17) is hinged with one end of the handle bracket (32) through a cylindrical pin I (15); the other end of the handle bracket (32) is vertically and fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the plate body of the support plate (3) into a whole; the handle body end of the handle (17) is lifted or pressed down to drive the movable rod (13) to linearly displace along the vertical axial direction of the guide sleeve I (31).

6. The disassembly and assembly jig of claim 1, wherein: the positioning assembly (181) comprises a positioning plate (18), a guide sleeve II (1201), a guide pin (12) and a pressing plate (8); wherein the positioning plate (18) is fixedly connected with the horizontal plane at the top end of the bracket component (19) into a whole; the bracket component (19) consists of a side plate (1) which is vertically arranged, a support plate (3) which is fastened and connected with the middle part of the side plate (1) and horizontally arranged, and an upper flat plate (7) which is horizontally arranged above the support plate (3) in parallel; wherein the upper flat plate (7) is horizontally and tightly installed at the top end of the side plate (1); a positioning plate (18) is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the top end of the upper flat plate (7); a guide sleeve II (1201) vertically penetrates through the positioning plate (18) and the upper flat plate (7) to be fixedly installed; a guide pin (12) is coaxially and slidably matched and installed in the guide sleeve II (1201); and the bottom end of the guide pin (12) is fixedly connected with the top end of the movable rod (13) into a whole through a limiting component to realize the synchronous lambda value displacement of the movable rod (13) and the guide pin (12) along the vertical axial direction.

7. The disassembly and assembly jig of claim 1, wherein: the pressure plate (8) is screwed and connected with the positioning plate (18) through a step screw (9), a washer (10) and a spring (11) to realize the radial rotation and axial rebound pressing action of the pressure plate (8) relative to the positioning plate (18); the pressing plate (8) is L-shaped, and the positioning plate (18) is U-shaped; the L-shaped pressing plate (8) is positioned at the upper end of the U-shaped positioning plate (18) and is horizontally parallel and symmetrically arranged left and right, and meanwhile, the pressing plate (8) can elastically displace along the vertical axial direction and rotate along the radial direction; the pressure plate (8) is provided with a step through hole (802) along the vertical axial direction, and the step through hole (802) consists of a large-diameter unthreaded hole (8021) at the upper part and a small-diameter unthreaded hole (8022) at the lower part; the rod body of the step-shaped screw (9) consists of a lower small-diameter external thread rod body (901) and an upper large-diameter optical axis rod body (902); the positioning plate (18) is provided with a threaded hole (803) which is coaxial and collinear with the step through hole (802) in the vertical direction; wherein the step screw (9) is screwed with the threaded hole (803) through the external thread rod body (901); the diameter of the small-diameter unthreaded hole (8022) is larger than that of the threaded hole (803) to form a blocking position (904) of the step-shaped screw, and the external threaded rod body (901) is screwed in the threaded hole (803) and blocked in the blocking position (904) through the step of the step-shaped screw (9); a spring (11) is arranged in the large-diameter unthreaded hole (8021) of the pressing plate (8), the spring (11) is screwed with the threaded hole (803) through a step-shaped screw (9) sleeved with a gasket (10), and the spring (11) is coaxially arranged between the end surface of the lower ring at the inner side of the gasket (10) and the annular surface at the bottom end of the large-diameter unthreaded hole (8021) of the step through hole (802); the outer diameter of a nut of the stepped screw (9) is smaller than the outer diameter of the washer (10), and the outer diameter of the washer (10) is smaller than the inner diameter of the large-diameter unthreaded hole (8021) to achieve vertical axial elastic displacement of the nut of the stepped screw (9) and the washer (10) in the large-diameter unthreaded hole (8021), so that radial rotation of the pressing plate (8) and reset resilience of the pressing plate (8) after being lifted up along the vertical axial direction are achieved.

8. The disassembly and assembly jig of claim 1, wherein: the pressing plate (8) is made of fluoroplastic or hard rubber plate I materials.

9. The disassembly and assembly jig of claim 1, wherein: the guide pins (12) are four, the top end planes of the four guide pins (12) are arranged in a coplanar manner on a horizontal plane, and the four guide pins (12) in the horizontal plane are distributed in an axisymmetric manner relative to the plane of the board body of the circuit board (100).