CN109644590B - Compacting machine used after deep ploughing of agricultural planting soil and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Compacting machine used after deep ploughing of agricultural planting soil and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109644590B CN109644590B CN201811443447.0A CN201811443447A CN109644590B CN 109644590 B CN109644590 B CN 109644590B CN 201811443447 A CN201811443447 A CN 201811443447A CN 109644590 B CN109644590 B CN 109644590B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compactor for agricultural planting soil after deep ploughing and an operation method thereof, comprising a moving frame, a compacting assembly and a driving assembly, the moving frame comprises a base plate, supporting rods and universal wheels, the base plate is horizontally arranged, the supporting rods are arranged at four corners of the bottom surface of the base plate, a rectangular notch is arranged in the middle of the base plate, and the two sides below the base plate are symmetrically provided with compacting components, each side is provided with at least two groups of compacting components, each compacting component comprises a guide plate, a compacting block and a connecting rod, the guide plates are arranged below the base plate in parallel, and is fixedly connected with the base plate through a connecting rod, the guide plate is provided with a guide hole, the compaction block passes through the guide hole on the guide plate, the driving assembly comprises a vertical plate, rocker arms, a rotating shaft, gears, racks, movable blocks and a driving piece, the rocker arms are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft, and the rocker arms correspond to the compaction blocks one to one. The invention has simple structure, convenient operation, high compaction efficiency and labor saving.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a compactor used after deep ploughing of agricultural planting soil and an operation method thereof.
Background
The ten-year nine-drought is characterized by agricultural production in the north of spring, drought and rain are reduced in spring, soil moisture is really serious, and the traditional method is measures of soil moisture storage in autumn ploughing, soil moisture collection in spring scarification, soil moisture extraction in time before and after sowing and the like; however, in the practical situation, most crop straws in northern areas cannot be transported out of the field in time after autumn harvest, and rapid transportation is difficult to realize, so that deep ploughing and deep loosening cannot be realized in autumn, soil is gradually frozen, and a large amount of soil preparation tasks can only be completed in the spring of the second year; the operation wind is strong in spring, and the soil moisture loss is accelerated after soil movement, so that the compacting of deeply ploughed soil is particularly important.
Practice proves that the soil after deep ploughing is properly compacted to form a compact layer of 3-4cm generally, the water content of the soil can be improved, the temperature of the soil content is increased, the germination and seedling emergence of seeds are facilitated, nutrients can be increased, and the effect of weed growth can be achieved due to the fact that compacted soil particles become small and gaps are tight.
At present, most of the original manual compaction operations are adopted, the manual operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the working efficiency is low; and the common land tamper can level soil, but the weight of the tamper is too heavy, the pressure under the tamper is too large, the seeds and the like are easily damaged, the tamper is not beneficial to tamping small-area soil, and the tamper has a complex structure and is inconvenient to operate.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a compactor for use after deep ploughing of agricultural planting soil, solving the problems set out in the background art mentioned above.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a compactor for after farming soil deep ploughing, including removing frame, compaction subassembly, drive assembly, it includes base plate, bracing piece, universal wheel to remove the frame, the base plate level sets up, and four corners in the bottom surface of base plate all are equipped with the bracing piece, and the bottom of bracing piece is equipped with the universal wheel.
The middle part of the base plate is provided with a rectangular notch, the two sides of the lower part of the base plate are symmetrically provided with compacting assemblies, each side of the base plate is provided with at least two sets of compacting assemblies, each compacting assembly comprises a guide plate, a compacting block and a connecting rod, the guide plates are arranged below the base plate in parallel and are fixedly connected with the base plate through the connecting rods, guide holes are formed in the guide plates, and the compacting blocks penetrate through the guide holes in the guide plates.
The drive assembly includes riser, rocking arm, pivot, gear, rack, movable block, driving piece, the base plate top surface of breach both sides all is equipped with the riser perpendicularly, and the top of riser is equipped with the through-hole, is equipped with the bearing in the through-hole, the pivot level is established between two risers, and a pivot at least tip passes the through-hole on the corresponding riser and installs the gear, the driving piece is installed at the top surface of base plate, and the flexible end of driving piece is connected with the movable block, and the movable block slides and establishes at the top surface of base plate, and the top surface of movable block be equipped with gear engagement's rack.
The swing arms are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft and correspond to the compaction blocks one by one, and the tail ends of the swing arms are fixedly connected with the middle parts of the top surfaces of the corresponding compaction blocks through steel cables.
Furthermore, both sides of the lower portion of the base plate are provided with two sets of compaction assemblies, and both sides of the corresponding rotating shaft are provided with two rocker arms.
Furthermore, the driving piece is an electric telescopic rod or an air cylinder.
Further, the both sides of base plate all are equipped with rolling mechanism, and rolling mechanism includes two mounting panels, compression roller, and two mounting panel symmetries set up, and the top of two mounting panels all with the bottom surface rigid coupling of base plate, the compression roller rotates and sets up between the bottom of two mounting panels, and the bottom height that highly equals the universal wheel of bottom of compression roller.
Furthermore, the bottom surface of the compaction block is provided with a circular groove, the notch of the groove is inwards recessed with an annular groove, threaded holes are distributed on the annular bottom surface of the annular groove, a movable column is movably arranged in the groove, the outer end face of the movable column is fixedly connected with a circular bottom plate, the annular side face of the bottom plate is outwards protruded with an annular protrusion, bolts in one-to-one correspondence with the threaded holes are distributed on the annular protrusion, the inner end of each bolt is spirally connected with the corresponding threaded hole, a spring is sleeved on each bolt and is located between the annular protrusion and the bottom surface of the annular groove, and a gap is reserved between the side face of the annular protrusion and the inner wall of the annular groove.
Furthermore, the annular side wall of the annular groove is provided with threads, the annular cover plate is spirally arranged at the annular groove, and a gap is reserved between the annular inner side surface of the annular cover plate and the annular outer surface of the movable column.
Furthermore, a cross rod is arranged between the middle parts of the two mounting plates positioned on the same side, a rectangular mud scraper is connected to the cross rod downwards, and a gap is reserved between the bottom end of the mud scraper and the surface of the corresponding compression roller.
The invention also provides a method for operating a compactor for use after deep ploughing of agricultural planting soil, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: moving the compactor to the soil to be compacted, starting the driving part, and pushing the compactor to perform soil compaction operation along the length direction of the rack;
step two; the driving part drives the rocker arm to reciprocate, drives the two groups of compacting assemblies to periodically compact the soil, pushes the compactor, and screeds the compacted soil surface by the front and rear compression rollers;
step three: after soil is sowed, the compactor is pushed to move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft to compact, and the sowed seedling belt is positioned in the gaps of the compaction assemblies on the two sides; and (5) closing the driving piece after the operation is finished.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the movable frame convenient to move is arranged, the universal wheels are arranged at the bottom of the movable frame, the movable frame is provided with the compaction assembly, the compaction blocks in the compaction assembly descend one by one under the swinging of the rocker arms to compact the ground, the rocker arms rotate through the meshing transmission of the gears and the racks, the structure is stable, and the operation is simple.
(2) The compaction block of the invention compacts the soil by self weight, thereby avoiding the situation that the soil is completely compacted by overlarge acting force of the existing tamper; when compaction operation is carried out on different soil qualities, the rack distance is moved by controlling the driving assembly, the depth of the compacted blocks for pressing down the soil can be adjusted in real time, and the device is high in adaptability and wide in application range.
(3) The compacting assemblies on the two sides of the machine are arranged in a clearance mode, and when soil is compacted before planting, the soil can be compacted along the length direction of the rack by the movable compactor; when the soil is compacted after planting, the movable compactor moves along the axial direction of the rotating shaft to compact, at the moment, the planted seedling belt is located in the gap of the compacting assemblies on the two sides, damage to seedlings is avoided, soil compaction is achieved simultaneously, and operability is high.
(4) The annular groove is formed in the bottom surface of the compaction block, the annular protrusion is elastically connected with the annular groove, and the annular protrusion is acted by the spring, so that the bottom plate shakes, the bottom surface of the compaction block is not easy to adhere to soil when the compaction block works, and the compaction effect is improved.
(5) The two sides of the rocker arm are symmetrically provided with the compaction assemblies, and at least two groups of compaction assemblies are arranged on the rocker arm, so that the working efficiency is high, a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved, and the soil is conveniently compacted.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an elevational view of the overall construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a compact block structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a rolling mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a bottom surface configuration of a compacted block of the invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view taken at A of FIG. 3 according to the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a base plate 1, a rocker arm 2, a rotating shaft 3, a gear 4, a guide plate 5, a rack 6, a movable block 7, a compaction block 8, a groove 81, an annular groove 82, a threaded hole 83, a connecting rod 9, a steel cable 10, a driving piece 11, a supporting rod 12, a mounting plate 13, a press roller 14, a universal wheel 15, a notch 16, a vertical plate 17, a movable column 18, a bottom plate 19, an annular bulge 20, an annular cover plate 21, a bolt 22, a spring 23, a cross rod 24 and a mud scraper 25.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-6, the compacting machine for the deep ploughing of the agricultural planting soil comprises a moving frame, a compacting assembly and a driving assembly, wherein the moving frame comprises a base plate 1, supporting rods 12 and universal wheels 15, the base plate 1 is horizontally arranged, the supporting rods 12 are arranged at four corners of the bottom surface of the base plate 1, and the universal wheels 15 are arranged at the bottom ends of the supporting rods 12.
The middle part of the base plate 1 is provided with a rectangular notch 16, the two sides of the lower part of the base plate 1 are symmetrically provided with compacting assemblies, each side of the base plate 1 is provided with at least two sets of compacting assemblies, each compacting assembly comprises a guide plate 5, a compacting block 8 and a connecting rod 9, the guide plates 5 are arranged below the base plate 1 in parallel and are fixedly connected with the base plate 1 through the connecting rods 9, guide holes are formed in the guide plates 5, and the compacting blocks 8 penetrate through the guide holes in the guide plates 5.
Drive assembly includes riser 17, rocking arm 2, pivot 3, gear 4, rack 6, movable block 7, driving piece 11, the 1 top surface of base plate of 16 both sides of breach all is equipped with riser 17 perpendicularly, and the top of riser 17 is equipped with the through-hole, is equipped with the bearing in the through-hole, 3 levels of pivot are established between two riser 17, and the both ends of pivot 3 pass the through-hole on corresponding riser 17 and install gear 4, driving piece 11 is installed at the top surface of base plate 1, and the flexible end of driving piece 11 is connected with movable block 7, and movable block 7 slides and establishes the top surface at base plate 1, and the top surface of movable block 7 is equipped with the rack 6 with gear 4 meshing.
The swing arms 2 are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft 3, the swing arms 2 correspond to the compacting blocks 8 one by one, and the tail ends of the swing arms 2 are fixedly connected with the middle parts of the top surfaces of the corresponding compacting blocks 8 through steel cables 10.
Furthermore, two groups of compaction assemblies are arranged on two sides below the base plate 1, and two rocker arms 2 are arranged on two sides of the corresponding rotating shaft 3; the tamping efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the driving piece is an existing electric telescopic rod or an existing air cylinder.
Further, the both sides of base plate 1 all are equipped with rolling mechanism, and rolling mechanism includes two mounting panels 13, compression roller 14, and two mounting panels 13 symmetry sets up, and the top of two mounting panels 13 all with the bottom surface rigid coupling of base plate 1, compression roller 14 rotates and sets up between the bottom of two mounting panels 13, and the bottom height that the bottom height of compression roller 14 equals universal wheel 15.
Furthermore, a cross bar 24 is arranged between the middle parts of the two mounting plates 13 positioned on the same side, a rectangular mud scraper 25 is connected to the cross bar 24 downwards, and a gap is reserved between the bottom end of the mud scraper 25 and the surface of the corresponding press roll 14; so that the mud adhered to the surface of the compression roller 14 can be scraped.
During the use, can select for use the cylinder, the external controller of cylinder, the reciprocal rack that promotes of controller control cylinder drives pivot reciprocating rotation to drive rocking arm back and forth movement, the rocking arm rotates the compaction piece that makes in its one side compaction subassembly and descends, finally makes the compaction piece carry out the compaction to ground, convenient operation.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 3, 5 and 6, a circular groove 81 is formed in the bottom surface of the compacting block 8, an annular groove 82 is recessed inward at the notch of the groove 81, threaded holes 83 are distributed on the annular bottom surface of the annular groove 82, a movable column 18 is movably arranged in the groove 81, a circular bottom plate 19 is fixedly connected to the outer end surface of the movable column 18, annular protrusions 20 are protruded out of the annular side surface of the bottom plate 19, bolts 22 corresponding to the threaded holes 83 are distributed on the annular protrusions 20 one by one, the inner ends of the bolts 22 are spirally connected with the corresponding threaded holes 83, springs 23 are sleeved on the bolts 22, the springs 23 are located between the annular protrusions 20 and the bottom surface of the annular groove 82, and gaps are reserved between the side surfaces of the annular protrusions 20 and the inner wall of the annular groove 82;
the annular side wall of the annular groove 82 is provided with threads, the annular cover plate 21 is spirally arranged at the annular groove 82, and a gap is reserved between the annular inner side surface of the annular cover plate 21 and the annular outer surface of the bottom plate 19.
When the compaction block 8 is pressed down, the bottom plate 19 acts on the ground, and under the reaction of the ground, the annular bulge 20 on the outer side of the bottom plate 19 moves upwards along the bolt 22 to compress the spring 23; when the compaction block 8 leaves the ground, the spring 23 acts on the bottom plate 19 to move downwards to collide with the annular cover plate 21 to realize soil shaking, so that soil is effectively prevented from adhering to the bottom surface of the compaction block 8, the compaction effect is good, and the ground after compaction is smooth. The rest of the structure is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3:
the invention also provides a method for operating a compactor for use after deep ploughing of agricultural planting soil, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: moving the compactor to the soil to be compacted, starting the driving part, and pushing the compactor to perform soil compaction operation along the length direction of the rack 6;
step two; the driving part drives the rocker arm 2 to reciprocate, drives two groups of compacting assemblies to periodically compact the soil, pushes the compacting machine, and screeds the compacted soil surface by the front and rear compression rollers 14;
step three: after soil is sowed, the compactor is pushed to move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3 to compact, and the sowed seedling belt is positioned in the gaps of the compaction assemblies on the two sides; and (5) closing the driving piece after the operation is finished.
Furthermore, the driving piece can adopt a cylinder, the cylinder is externally connected with a controller, the controller controls the stroke of a telescopic rod of the cylinder, controls the swing amplitude of the rocker arm 2 and adjusts the soil pressing depth of the compaction block in real time.
In conclusion, (1) the compaction blocks in the compaction assembly descend one by one to compact the ground under the swing of the rocker arm, the rocker arm rotates through the meshing transmission of the gear and the rack, the structure is stable, and the operation is simple. (2) The compaction block is used for compacting soil by self weight, so that the condition that the soil is completely compacted by an existing compactor under overlarge acting force is avoided; when compaction operation is carried out on different soil qualities, the rack stroke is moved by controlling the driving assembly, the depth of the compacted blocks for pressing down the soil can be adjusted in real time, and the device is high in adaptability and wide in application range. (3) The compacting assemblies on the two sides are arranged in a clearance mode, and when soil is compacted before planting, the soil can be compacted along the length direction of the rack by the movable compactor; when the soil is compacted after planting, the movable compactor moves along the axial direction of the rotating shaft to compact, at the moment, the planted seedling belt is located in the gap of the compacting assemblies on the two sides, damage to seedlings is avoided, soil compaction is achieved simultaneously, and operability is high. (4) Elastic connection between annular arch and the annular groove for the compaction piece is difficult for adhering to earth at the during operation, improves the effect of ramming. (5) According to the invention, the compacting assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the rocker arm, and at least two sets of compacting assemblies can be arranged on each side, so that the working efficiency is high, a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved, and the soil is conveniently compacted.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A compactor for after farming soil deep ploughing, including removing frame, compaction subassembly, drive assembly, it includes base plate (1), bracing piece (12), universal wheel (15) to remove the frame, base plate (1) level sets up, and four corners in the bottom surface of base plate (1) all are equipped with bracing piece (12), and the bottom of bracing piece (12) is equipped with universal wheel (15), its characterized in that:
a rectangular notch (16) is formed in the middle of the base plate (1), compacting assemblies are symmetrically arranged on two sides below the base plate (1), at least two groups of compacting assemblies are arranged on each side of the base plate, each compacting assembly comprises a guide plate (5), a compacting block (8) and a connecting rod (9), the guide plates (5) are arranged below the base plate (1) in parallel and fixedly connected with the base plate (1) through the connecting rods (9), guide holes are formed in the guide plates (5), and the compacting blocks (8) penetrate through the guide holes in the guide plates (5);
the driving assembly comprises vertical plates (17), rocker arms (2), a rotating shaft (3), gears (4), racks (6), movable blocks (7) and a driving piece (11), wherein the vertical plates (17) are vertically arranged on the top surfaces of the base plates (1) on the two sides of the notch (16), through holes are formed in the top ends of the vertical plates (17), bearings are arranged in the through holes, the rotating shaft (3) is horizontally arranged between the two vertical plates (17), at least one end part of the rotating shaft (3) penetrates through the through holes in the corresponding vertical plates (17) and is provided with the gears (4), the driving piece (11) is arranged on the top surface of the base plate (1), the telescopic end of the driving piece (11) is connected with the movable blocks (7), the movable blocks (7) are arranged on the top surface of the base plate (1) in a sliding mode, and the racks (6) meshed with the gears (4) are arranged on the top surfaces of the movable blocks (7);
the rotary shaft (3) is symmetrically provided with rocker arms (2), the rocker arms (2) correspond to the compaction blocks (8) one by one, and the tail ends of the rocker arms (2) are fixedly connected with the middle parts of the top surfaces of the corresponding compaction blocks (8) through steel cables (10);
the bottom surface of the compaction block (8) is provided with a circular groove (81), the notch of the groove (81) is inwards recessed to form an annular groove (82), threaded holes (83) are distributed on the annular bottom surface of the annular groove (82), a movable column (18) is movably arranged in the groove (81), the outer end surface of the movable column (18) is fixedly connected with a circular bottom plate (19), and the annular side surface of the bottom plate (19) is convexly provided with an annular bulge (20), the annular bulge (20) is distributed with bolts (22) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the threaded holes (83), the inner end of the bolt (22) is in threaded connection with a corresponding threaded hole (83), a spring (23) is sleeved on the bolt (22), the spring (23) is positioned between the annular protrusion (20) and the bottom surface of the annular groove (82), and a gap is reserved between the side surface of the annular protrusion (20) and the inner wall of the annular groove (82);
the annular side wall of the annular groove (82) is provided with threads, an annular cover plate (21) is spirally arranged at the annular groove (82), and a gap is reserved between the annular inner side surface of the annular cover plate (21) and the annular outer surface of the movable column (18).
2. A compactor for use after deep ploughing of agricultural plantation soils according to claim 1, characterized in that: both sides of the lower portion of the base plate (1) are provided with two sets of compaction assemblies, and both sides of the corresponding rotating shaft (3) are provided with two rocker arms (2).
3. A compactor for use after deep ploughing of agricultural plantation soils according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving piece is an electric telescopic rod or an air cylinder.
4. A compactor for use after deep ploughing of agricultural plantation soils according to claim 1, characterized in that: the both sides of base plate (1) all are equipped with rolling mechanism, and rolling mechanism includes two mounting panel (13), compression roller (14), and two mounting panel (13) symmetries set up, and the top of two mounting panel (13) all with the bottom surface rigid coupling of base plate (1), compression roller (14) rotate to set up between the bottom of two mounting panel (13), and the bottom height that highly equals universal wheel (15) of compression roller (14).
5. A compactor for use after deep ploughing of agricultural plantation soils according to claim 4, characterized in that: be located and be equipped with horizontal pole (24) between two mounting panel (13) middle parts of homonymy, be connected with rectangular mud scraper (25) downwards on horizontal pole (24), the bottom of mud scraper (25) and the compression roller (14) surface that corresponds leave the clearance.
6. A method of operating a compactor for use after deep ploughing of agricultural plantation soils according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: moving the compactor to the soil to be compacted, starting the driving part, and pushing the compactor to perform soil compaction operation along the length direction of the rack (6);
step two; the driving part drives the rocker arm (2) to reciprocate, drives two groups of compacting assemblies to periodically compact the soil, pushes the compacting machine, and screeds the compacted soil surface by the front and rear compression rollers (14);
step three: after soil is sowed, the compactor is pushed to move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (3) for compaction, and the sowed seedling belt is positioned in the gaps of the compaction assemblies at the two sides; and (5) closing the driving piece after the operation is finished.
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| CN201811443447.0A CN109644590B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Compacting machine used after deep ploughing of agricultural planting soil and operation method thereof |
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| DE3708485A1 (en) * | 1986-03-15 | 1987-09-17 | Malcolm Henry Beanland | Linkage for appliances mounted on a tractor |
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| CN207348046U (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2018-05-11 | 张永波 | A kind of agricultural earth ramming device of hand propelled |
| CN207878232U (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-09-18 | 北京盛德诚信机电安装有限公司 | A kind of mechanical small rammer of road construction construction |
| CN107592992A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-19 | 蒋丹丹 | A kind of soil rammer compacter for agricultural production |
| CN108374308B (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2021-04-23 | 南京禹智智能科技有限公司 | Road construction is with equipment of filling out soil |
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| CN106049408A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-10-26 | 无锡乐华自动化科技有限公司 | Automatic ramming device |
| CN108080244A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-29 | 郑州诚合信息技术有限公司 | A kind of efficient Sand screen for rocking impacting type |
| CN108579563A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-09-28 | 何锦国 | A kind of Blendling-device of feedstuffs preventing material attachment inner wall using shock |
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