CN109628198B - 一种节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109628198B
CN109628198B CN201811542476.2A CN201811542476A CN109628198B CN 109628198 B CN109628198 B CN 109628198B CN 201811542476 A CN201811542476 A CN 201811542476A CN 109628198 B CN109628198 B CN 109628198B
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孟祥云
王庆瑞
叶锋
何良年
崔晓莹
王丽双
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Tianjin Nankai University Castor Engineering Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

一种节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂及其制备方法。添加剂以重量份计的下列组分组成：金属清净剂25‑35、无灰分散剂32‑42、摩擦改进剂10‑20和抗氧抗腐剂12‑22。本发明提供的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂及其制备方法具有如下优点：通过优化不同类型的金属清净剂、无灰分散剂、摩擦改进剂和抗氧抗腐剂的配伍性，使组成的添加剂的各项性能达到最佳，产品具有优异的抗氧化性能、活塞清净性、抗磨损性能且对环境友好，特别是具有优异的燃料经济性，可以节省燃油的使用，满足节约型社会的发展要求，在国内处于领先水平。与油脂基润滑油相容性良好，可满足诸如SN/GF‑5汽油机油的性能要求，节省燃料。

Description

一种节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于润滑油辅助原料组成及其制备技术领域，特别是涉及一种节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂。
背景技术
石油基润滑油存在生物降解性差、生态毒性高、对环境污染大的严重缺陷，因此已不能适应人类保护环境的迫切需要。近年来，随着人类环保意识的不断增强，石油基润滑油造成的环境污染已受到普遍关注，润滑油绿色化的呼声越发高涨，许多国家都纷纷开展了可生物降解润滑剂的开发与应用研究。
但是由于油脂基基础油分子结构的特殊性，使得传统的润滑油添加剂不能与之很好地相容，表现为溶解性差，油面不透亮，浑浊，或长期放置出现沉淀。另一种表现为产品性能方面不能得到提升。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂及其制备方法。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂由以重量份计的下列组分组成：
Figure BDA0001908531360000011
所述的金属清净剂是由烷基水杨酸钙与硫化烷基酚钙以6:1-1:6的重量比混合而成。烷基水杨酸钙的烷基侧链碳原子总数为8-18，具有优异的高温清净性和良好的中和能力，具有较佳的抗氧化性能及高温稳定性，油溶性好，抗水性好，钙含量不低于5.5％，总碱值不低于150mgKOH/g。硫化烷基酚钙以十二烷基酚为主要原料，通过硫化、中和及碱化反应制成，具有很好的高温清净性，良好的抗氧抗腐蚀性和一定的酸中和能力以及抗乳化性和油溶性，钙含量不低于5.2％，总碱值不低于150mgKOH/g。它与烷基水杨酸钙有较好的配伍性，对抑制活塞槽环的沉积物具有良好效果。
所述的无灰分散剂是由硼化丁二酰亚胺或硼化丁二酰亚胺与高分子量丁二酰亚胺以1:1-1:4的重量比混合而成。硼化丁二酰亚胺是以高活性聚异丁烯(Mn＝1000)为原料、采用热加合工艺制备的无灰分散剂，其硼含量不低于0.4％，氮含量不低于1.0％，具有优良的清净分散性，可抑制发动机活塞上积炭和漆膜的生成，还具有抗氧化和抗磨性，并可改进油品与氟橡胶密封件的相容性，降低铜铅轴瓦的高温腐蚀。高分子量丁二酰亚胺是采用高分子量的高活性聚异丁烯(Mn＝2300)制备的聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺无灰分散剂，其氮含量不低于1.0％，具有比低分子量无灰分散剂更加优异的分散性和高温稳定性，可抑制发动机活塞上积炭和漆膜的生成。
所述的摩擦改进剂是由二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼与低凝油酸单甘油酯以2:1-1:2的重量比混合而成。二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼具有极佳的油溶性、优异的减摩性能及低腐蚀性，可以提高油品的燃油经济性，其钼含量不低于9％，硫含量不低于12％。低凝油酸单甘油酯是由高含量的低凝油酸与甘油反应制备的一种摩擦改进剂，其酸值不大于1.0％，与二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼复配能产生良好的协同减摩效应。
所述的抗氧抗腐剂是由二烷基二硫代磷酸锌与胺类抗氧剂以2:1-1:2的重量比混合而成。二烷基二硫代磷酸锌具有优良的抗氧化抗腐蚀性能及极压抗磨性能，其热稳定性好，油溶性和添加剂配伍性以及抗乳化性能良好，其硫含量不低于14％，磷含量不低于8.5％，锌含量不低于8.5％。胺类抗氧剂选用二烷基二苯胺，一种良好的高温抗氧剂，具有热安定性好、在高温条件下的抗氧化性能好、油溶性好、与其他添加剂的配伍性好等特点，其氮含量不低于4％。
本发明提供的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂在油脂基润滑油中的加入量为9-14％。
本发明提供的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂制备方法是将上述组分依次加入到容器中，在80±5℃下充分搅拌2h，至组合物混合均匀，即可制成所述的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂。
本发明提供的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂及其制备方法具有如下优点：通过优化不同类型的金属清净剂、无灰分散剂、摩擦改进剂和抗氧抗腐剂的配伍性，使组成的添加剂的各项性能达到最佳，产品具有优异的抗氧化性能、活塞清净性、抗磨损性能且对环境友好，特别是具有优异的燃料经济性，可以节省燃油的使用，满足节约型社会的发展要求，在国内处于领先水平。与油脂基润滑油相容性良好，可满足诸如SN/GF-5汽油机油的性能要求，节省燃料。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明提供节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂及其制备方法进行详细说明。
实施例1：
本实施例提供的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂由以重量份计的下列组分组成：
Figure BDA0001908531360000041
制备方法是将是将上述组分依次加入到容器中，在80±5℃下充分搅拌2h，至组合物混合均匀，即可制成所述的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂。
实施例2：
本实施例提供的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂由以重量份计的下列组分组成：
Figure BDA0001908531360000042
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3：
本实施例提供的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂由以重量份计的下列组分组成：
Figure BDA0001908531360000051
制备方法同实施例1。
为了验证本发明的效果，本发明人以油脂基合成的酯类油为基础油，加入适量的增粘剂、降凝剂和抗泡剂，以及11％质量比的上述添加剂调配成润滑油。采用国标GB/T2433测试该油品的硫酸盐灰分。数值越小，代表燃烧后产生的灰分越少。采用石化标准SH/T0300曲轴箱模拟试验方法评价该油品的清净性和热氧化安定性能，试验条件为：板温330℃、油温100℃，试验周期为6h后，对试验铝板进行评级并称胶重。级数越小，胶重越少，代表该油品的清净分散性和热氧化安定性越好。采用四球摩擦磨损试验机评价油品的润滑性能，试验条件为：392N，1200r/min，60min，75℃。摩擦系数越小，磨斑直径越小，代表油品的润滑性能越好。实验结果见下表：
Figure BDA0001908531360000061
从上述实施例可以看出，该油品具有较低的硫酸盐灰分、良好的清净分散性能和润滑性能。
随着国民经济的发展，人民生活水平的提高，我国小轿车特别是家用小轿车的保有量将会大幅度提高，据统计2017年我国的汽车的保有量已经达到了2.17亿辆，消耗的汽油机油130万吨。其中高质量级别的SN/GF-5汽油机油发展迅速，是市场上汽油机油份额最大的产品。利用本发明提供的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂配制的油脂基SN/GF-5 5W30汽油机油通过了石科院的ⅥD节能台架试验，并且节能效果显著。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述的实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂，其特征在于：所述的添加剂由以重量份计的下列组分组成：
Figure FDA0003022688400000011
所述的无灰分散剂是由硼化丁二酰亚胺或硼化丁二酰亚胺与高分子量丁二酰亚胺以1:1-1:4的重量比混合而成；
所述的摩擦改进剂是由二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼与低凝油酸单甘油酯以2:1-1:2的重量比混合而成；
所述的抗氧抗腐剂是由二烷基二硫代磷酸锌与胺类抗氧剂以2:1-1:2的重量比混合而成；其中胺类抗氧剂选用二烷基二苯胺；
所述的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂在油脂基润滑油中的加入量为9-14％；
制备方法是将上述各组分依次加入到容器中，在80±5℃下充分搅拌2h，至组合物混合均匀，即可制成所述的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的节能型油脂基润滑油添加剂，其特征在于：所述的金属清净剂是由烷基水杨酸钙与硫化烷基酚钙以6:1-1:6的重量比混合而成。
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