CN109627301A - Nisin固体稳定剂开发及应用 - Google Patents

Nisin固体稳定剂开发及应用 Download PDF

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CN109627301A
CN109627301A CN201910124585.0A CN201910124585A CN109627301A CN 109627301 A CN109627301 A CN 109627301A CN 201910124585 A CN201910124585 A CN 201910124585A CN 109627301 A CN109627301 A CN 109627301A
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王子琦
张栋
陈小龙
陆跃乐
金陈斌
李光进
洪超群
陈艺强
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ZHEJIANG SILVER-ELEPHANT BIO-ENGINEERING Co Ltd
Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • A23L3/00Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/34Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种长效Nisin固体稳定剂,属于微生物保存技术领域。每100g中包括以下原料:0~60g Nisin板框压滤湿粉;0~40g NaCl;0.1~2g甘油葡萄糖苷;采用浓盐酸调节pH为2.5~3.5。本发明稳定剂性价比高,可用于维持食品、化妆品等领域中Nisin固体的活性及长效,同时可用于Nisin生产过程,减少Nisin在喷雾干燥和真空干燥过程中的破坏。

Description

Nisin固体稳定剂开发及应用
技术领域
本发明涉及微生物保存技术领域,尤其是涉及一种Nisin固体稳定剂制备及应用。
背景技术
乳酸链球菌素(Nisin)亦称乳酸链球菌肽或音译为尼辛,是由某些乳酸链球菌(Streptococcus lactate)和乳酸乳球菌(Lactococcus lactis)在代谢过程中合成、分泌的具有很强杀菌作用的小肽,由34个氨基酸残基组成,分子量约为3400Da。由于乳酸链球菌素可抑制大多数革兰氏阳性细菌,并对芽孢杆菌的孢子有强烈的抑制作用,因此被作为食品防腐剂广泛应用于食品行业。。
在工业生产中,乳酸链球菌素(Nisin)固体的制备要进行真空干燥或喷雾干燥得到一种浅棕色固体粉末,然后在进行长期存储,使用时再将Nisin溶于水或液体。Nisin固体在生产和存储过程中,往往容易因在其制剂制备、贮存和释放过程中受外界条件影响而发生降解或破坏,导致Nisin的稳定性下降,造成较大的经济损失,所以提高Nisin固体的稳定性十分重要。
目前,增加多肽、蛋白质类药物稳定性的方法的途径主要有:用PEG(聚乙二醇)修饰多肽、蛋白质抵抗酶解、使用酶抑制剂、应用微乳制剂、应用纳米粒制剂、应用生物黏附性颗粒等。PEG虽然能对多肽进行修饰,但该聚合物在体内降解存在很大的问题,低分子量的有肾脏毒性,高分子量的体内降解机理目前尚不明确。微乳制剂、纳米粒制剂、生物黏附性颗粒等生产成本较高。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述问题,本申请提供了一种在Nisin固体的生产和储存过程中的长效稳定剂。本发明稳定剂性价比高,可用于维持食品、化妆品等领域中Nisin固体的活性及长效,同时可用于Nisin生产过程,减少Nisin在喷雾干燥和真空干燥过程中的破坏。
本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明提供的长效Nisin固体稳定剂每100g中包括以下原料:
0~60g Nisin板框压滤湿粉;
0~40g NaCl;
0.1~2g甘油葡萄糖苷;
采用浓盐酸调节pH为2.5~3.5。
所述的长效Nisin固体稳定剂的制备方法为:将0~60g Nisin板框压滤湿粉与0~40g NaCl混合,加入0.1~2g甘油葡萄糖苷,定容到400mL水溶液,室温搅拌15min,然后用浓盐酸调节pH为2.5~3.5,优选pH为2.9,搅拌均匀后再进行喷雾干燥或真空干燥,得到的固体测定Nisin的含量。
所述的Nisin的板框压滤湿粉的制备方法为:3吨Nisin发酵液,陶瓷膜过滤除菌,上清液用截留分子量大于1000道尔顿的超滤膜浓缩,在得到的浓缩液中加入NaCl盐析,再经过板框压滤得到Nisin湿固体。
优选的,所述甘油葡萄糖苷的添加量均以Nisin板框压滤湿粉的重量为基准。
本发明有益的技术效果在于:
本发明为增加Nisin固体在生产和储存过程中的稳定性,展开了Nisin固体稳定剂的研究,通过改变温度来加速Nisin稳定性的破坏,同时加入供试稳定剂,并在实验室条件下模拟Nisin固体在真空干燥或喷雾干燥生产工艺和长期储存过程,进一步证明稳定剂对Nisin固体的保护作用。
Nisin能有效抑制引起食品腐败的许多革兰氏阳性细菌,如乳杆菌、明串珠菌、小球菌、葡萄球菌、李斯特菌等,特别是对产芽孢的细菌如芽孢杆菌、梭状芽孢杆菌有很强的抑制作用。Nisin可被消化道蛋白酶降解为氨基酸,无残留,不影响人体益生菌,不产生抗药性,不与其它抗生素产生交叉抗性。常温下储存蛋白和多肽仍是目前比较棘手的问题,虽然Nisin与其他多肽和蛋白相比,具有较好的耐酸、耐热性能,但在生产和长期的存储过程中,亦会发生降解和破坏,导致活性降低。目前食品工业应用中,为了改善Nisin的抑菌稳定性,采用钠磷酸盐、EDTA二钠和柠檬酸钠等对乳酸链球菌素抗菌活性进行保护。
申请人的研究表明,甲硫氨酸、低酯果胶、壳聚糖均对Nisin固体稳定性没有保护效果,甘油葡萄糖苷作为稳定剂,能提高Nisin固体在生产和存储过程中的稳定性,具有很好的应用价值。
本发明通过在Nisin湿粉加入甘油葡萄糖苷作为Nisin稳定剂,再进行喷雾干燥和真空干燥,制备Nisin固体产品。本发明还研究甘油葡萄糖苷在延长Nisin保质期过程中发挥的作用,将所得喷雾干燥和真空干燥产品置于55℃保存7天、14天,分别取样分析,对应的常温储存时间分别为1年和2年。本发明Nisin的含量测定均使用生物效价法测定,测定方法依据国标NY/T392-2000执行。
结果表明,甘油葡萄糖苷作为Nisin稳定剂,在Nisin固体的生产和储存周期延长均有一定程度的保护作用,而1%甘油葡萄糖苷添加量对Nisin固体稳定性的保护效果最优。
本发明配置操作简单,可重复性好,生产成本低廉。本稳定剂在Nisin固体制备过程中发挥很好地保护作用,且稳定性较长。在Nisin固体中添加保护剂,同时进行空白对照实验,置于55℃培养箱中,分别于7天和14天取样,Nisin的热稳定性相对于对照品都有所提升。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行具体描述。但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此。
实施例1
3吨Nisin发酵液,陶瓷膜过滤除菌,得到的上清液用大于1000道尔顿的超滤膜浓缩10倍,在300L的浓缩液中加入60kg的NaCl盐析,板框压滤得到80kg的湿固体。分别取1g、2g、5g、10g的Nisin板框压滤湿固体,测定Nisin的含量,测定方法均使用生物效价法测定,依据国标NY/T392-2000操作,结果如表1所示。
表1 Nisin板框压滤湿固体中Nisin的含量(mg/g)
由表1结果显示,Nisin板框压滤湿固体中Nisin的含量在250mg/g左右。
实施例2:
准确称取1.5kg Nisin板框压滤湿粉和1.0kg NaCl,加入0.1%、0.5%、1%、2%、3%的甘油葡萄糖苷,溶解于10.0L水溶液,室温搅拌15min,然后加浓盐酸调节pH为2.9,搅拌均匀后。取5L Nisin溶液进行Nisin产品喷雾干燥,进口温度180℃,出口温度80℃,同时进行空白对照试验。
另外取5L Nisin溶液进行Nisin产品真空干燥,真空干燥过程中,40℃保持4h,55℃保持4h,得到干燥样品,将此样品研磨粉碎进行含量测定。将喷雾干燥和真空干燥对所得产品55℃进行存储试验,分别于7天和14天进行取样分析。Nisin的含量测定均使用生物效价法测定,测定方法依据国标NY/T392-2000操作,结果如表2和表3所示。
表2含甘油葡萄糖苷的喷雾干燥Nisin产品55℃存储试验(mg/g)
由表2结果显示,甘油葡萄糖苷在喷雾干燥过程中对Nisin表现出了良好的保护效果。在55℃存储过程中,加甘油葡萄糖苷的样品相对CK均表现出来较好的热稳定性,尤其是1%甘油葡萄糖苷加量的样品,相对于CK,在存储7天时,保护幅度为15.5%,在存储14天时,保护幅度为13.4%。
表3含甘油葡萄糖苷的真空干燥Nisin产品55℃存储试验(mg/g)
由表3结果显示,甘油葡萄糖苷在真空干燥过程中对Nisin表现出了良好的保护效果。在55℃存储过程中,加甘油葡萄糖苷的样品相对CK均表现出来较好的热稳定性,尤其是1%甘油葡萄糖苷加量的样品,相对于CK,在存储7天时,保护幅度为16.9%,在存储14天时,保护幅度为14.2%。
实施例3
准确称取1.5kg Nisin板框压滤湿粉和1.Okg NaCl,加入0.1%、1%、2%的低酯果胶、甲硫氨酸和壳聚糖,溶解于10.0L水溶液,室温搅拌15min,然后加浓盐酸调节pH为2.9,搅拌均匀后。取5L Nisin溶液进行Nisin产品喷雾干燥,进口温度180℃,出口温度80℃,同时进行空白对照试验。
另外取5L Nisin溶液进行Nisin产品真空干燥,真空干燥过程中,40℃保持4h,55℃保持4h,得到干燥样品,将此样品研磨粉碎进行含量测定。将喷雾干燥和真空干燥对所得产品55℃进行存储试验,分别于7天和14天进行取样分析。Nisin的含量测定均使用生物效价法测定,测定方法依据国标NY/T392-2000操作,结果如表4和表5所示。
表4喷雾干燥Nisin产品55℃存储试验(mg/g)
表5真空干燥Nisin产品55℃存储试验(mg/g)
表4和表5结果显示,低酯果胶、甲硫氨酸和壳聚糖在喷雾干燥和真空干燥,以及Nisin产品的55℃存储过程中,对Nisin稳定性的没有保护效果,这三种物质不适合作为Nisin固体保护剂。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施案例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解为:在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下,可以对这些实施案例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由权利要求及其同物限定。

Claims (5)

1.一种长效Nisin固体稳定剂,其特征在于每100g中包括以下原料:
0~60g Nisin板框压滤湿粉;
0~40g NaCl;
0.1~2g甘油葡萄糖苷;
采用浓盐酸调节pH为2.5~3.5。
2.权利要求1所述的长效Nisin固体稳定剂的制备方法,其特征在于,将0~60g Nisin板框压滤湿粉与0~40g NaCl混合,加入0.1~2g甘油葡萄糖苷,定容到400mL水溶液,室温搅拌15min,然后用浓盐酸调节pH为2.5~3.5,搅拌均匀后再进行喷雾干燥或真空干燥。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,用浓盐酸调节pH为2.9。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的长效Nisin固体稳定剂,其特征在于,所述的Nisin的板框压滤湿粉的制备方法为:3吨Nisin发酵液,陶瓷膜过滤除菌,上清液用截留分子量大于1000道尔顿的超滤膜浓缩,在浓缩液中加入NaCl盐析,板框压滤得到湿固体。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的长效Nisin固体稳定剂,其特征在于,所述甘油葡萄糖苷的添加量以Nisin板框压滤湿粉的重量为基准。
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