CN109623145A - A kind of method of ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal - Google Patents
A kind of method of ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN109623145A CN109623145A CN201811498222.5A CN201811498222A CN109623145A CN 109623145 A CN109623145 A CN 109623145A CN 201811498222 A CN201811498222 A CN 201811498222A CN 109623145 A CN109623145 A CN 109623145A
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- magnesium
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- aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of using ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal method, includes the following steps: to be processed into magnesium, aluminium gold metal thin plate to identical two workpiece of joint face；Deoxidation film process and finishing are carried out to thin plate magnesium alloy workpiece to be welded and Al alloy parts respectively, its surface is made to expose metallic luster and without any impurity, surface roughness of the control to joint face；Magnesium, aluminium gold metal thin plate after will be processed be fitted closely and are stacked, and aluminium sheet fixes the two on the table in outermost layer, and with fixture, and ensures that joint face fits closely tight；It is welded along the welding track scanning surface of aluminum plate preset using nanosecond optical fiber laser, scanned magnesium, aluminum metal gauge of sheet are 0.5mm-1mm, and nanosecond laser is perpendicular to scanned surface of aluminum plate when welding.The present invention welds magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal by nanosecond laser, can effectively inhibit the generation of magnalium joint intermetallic compound, and the weld strength of acquisition is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of laser welding, and in particular to a kind of side of ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal
Method
Background technique
The popularity and intercrossing of magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy application field, the welding of Mg/Al dissimilar metal is unavoidable, and one
It is directly the hot and difficult issue of welding field.Its main welding difficulty is that magnesium and reactive aluminum are regretted generating a large amount of intermetallic
Object, this will make joint performance strength reduction.
In currently available technology, the traditional welding method of magnesium and aluminium has TIG weldering, MIG weldering etc., and heat input is larger, nothing
Method avoids the intermetallic compound of magnesium and aluminium from generating, and strength of joint is not high to be unable to satisfy use demand；Electric resistance welding is brazed and rubs
The connection methods such as wiping weldering need to apply extra pressure in welding and deformation ratio is larger, and production efficiency is low.
Also have at present using tradition Nd:YAG laser welding magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy, however intermetallic compound after welding
Not the defects of generation not can avoid still, and deflection is easy to produce greatly fire check.There is presently no mature techniques can be used for
Actual production.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve deficiency existing for above-mentioned background technique, provide a kind of using ultra-narrow laser welding
The method of magnesium, aluminum metallic material.
The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows: a kind of side using ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium, aluminum metallic material
Method includes the following steps:
(1) magnesium, aluminium gold metal thin plate are processed into identical two workpiece of joint face；
(2) deoxidation film process and finishing are carried out to thin plate magnesium to be welded, aluminium gold metal work-pieces respectively, makes its surface
Expose metallic luster and without any impurity, controls the surface roughness Ra to joint face at 0.1 μm or less；
(3) will it is processed after magnesium, aluminium gold metal thin plate fit closely and stack, aluminium sheet is in outermost layer, and with fixture by the two
It fixes on the table, and ensures that joint face fits closely tight；
(4) surface of aluminum plate is scanned to it through welding window along the welding track preset using nanosecond optical fiber laser
It is welded, scanned magnesium, aluminum metal gauge of sheet are 0.5mm-1mm, and nanosecond laser is perpendicular to scanned when welding
Surface of aluminum plate；
(5) after the completion of welding, workpiece is waited to be cooled to room temperature, unloads fixture, take out weldment.
Further, the deoxidation membrane processing method of step (2) is successively with sand paper 280#, 320#, 400# and 600#
Sand paper is polished position to be welded, then with successively with the diamond polishing agent of 5W, 3W polishing, allowing the welding portion faces roughness to be
0.1 μm, then it is cleaned by ultrasonic 10 minutes in cleaning solution, removes surface and oil contaminant.
Further, in step (3), fixture is in order to save cost and reach rapid cooling, good clamping, and fixture uses
For upper and lower two panels with a thickness of the steel deck-plate of 10cm, intermediate position to be welded processes a welding window, and laser passes through from welding window
It is welded.The part copper sheet that lower cover plate is contacted with magnesium sheet, this can be such that cooling velocity accelerates.
Further, the welding track of scanning aluminium workpiece surface is parallel lines in the step (4), between line and line between
Away from for 0.02-0.06mm.
Further, in step (5), nanosecond laser welding parameter is as follows: the pulse width 120ns of nanosecond laser~
500ns, pulse peak energy is in 0.5mJ~1mJ, pulse frequency 50KHz~500KHz, speed of welding 10mm/s~90mm/
s。
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage is:
(1) the nanosecond optical fiber laser that the present invention uses is small in size, and use cost and maintenance cost are low, and factory's mass makes
With welding magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy convenient and efficient with nanosecond laser, there is wide prospects for commercial application.
(2) method of the invention can effectively inhibit the generation of intermetallic compound at magnesium-aluminium joint, connection reliability
It is high.
(3) method of the invention is due to single pulse energy metric density height, and action time is short, and base material directly flashes to gas phase and takes away
Amount of heat, heat have little time diffusion therefore without heat affected area.
(4) method of the invention is due to heat concentration part, so that thermal stress is minimum so welded joint deformation is small.
(4) method of the invention is without adding middle layer and solder, simple process.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that welding track of the present invention is parallel lines.
Fig. 2 is clamp schematic diagram of the present invention, and Fig. 2 (a) is upper cover plate, and Fig. 2 (b) is lower cover plate.
Wherein 1 is upper cover plate, and 2 be screw hole, and 3 be welding window, and 4 be the copper sheet of lower cover plate.
Fig. 3 is device schematic three dimensional views used in the connection method of nanosecond laser of the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 5 that optical fiber laser of nanosecond is indicated, 6 are expressed as two dimensional motion axis, and 7 are expressed as workbench, and 8 are expressed as
The screw hole of stationary fixture.
Fig. 4 is that present invention specific implementation 1 welded specimen of case overlaps schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the product schematic diagram after the completion of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is welded.
Fig. 6 is 2 weld interface microgram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is 3 weld interface microgram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, and convenient for the present invention is well understood, but they are not right
The present invention, which is constituted, to be limited
Embodiment 1
Present invention ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal welding method process are as follows: process magnesium, aluminium gold metal thin plate
At to identical two workpiece of joint face；Thin plate magnesium alloy workpiece to be welded and Al alloy parts are deoxygenated respectively
Change film process and finishing, its surface is made to expose metallic luster and without any impurity, surface roughness of the control to joint face
Ra is at 0.1 μm or less；Will it is processed after magnesium, aluminium gold metal thin plate fit closely and stack, aluminium sheet is in outermost layer, and with fixture by two
Person is fixed on the table, and ensures that joint face fits closely tight；Using nanosecond optical fiber laser along the weldering preset
It connects track scanning surface of aluminum plate to weld it, scanned magnesium, aluminum metal gauge of sheet are 0.5mm-1mm, when welding
Nanosecond laser is perpendicular to scanned surface of aluminum plate.
The present embodiment is suitble to relatively thin welding material, the aluminium sheet (1050) that the present embodiment uses with a thickness of 0.5mm, magnesium plate
(AZ31B) with a thickness of 1mm, the length and width of the two is 105mm and 30mm.What is used when the present embodiment is welded receives
The mean power of second optical-fiber laser output laser is 60W-100W, wavelength 1065nm, single pulse energy 0.5mJ-1mJ, arteries and veins
Rush width be 120ns-500ns, scan frequency 50-500KHz, scanning speed 15mm-90mms.
Specific step is as follows for welding:
1, the sand paper polishing position to be welded that sand paper 280#, 320#, 400# and 600# are successively used before welding, until exposing gold
Belong to gloss, then with successively using the diamond polishing agent of 5W, 3W to polish, allows welding portion faces roughness to be 0.1 μm, then exist
It is cleaned by ultrasonic 10 minutes in cleaning solution, removes surface and oil contaminant.
2, after the completion of to part to be welded magnesium, the pretreatment of aluminum metal base material, using Fig. 2 clamp magnesium, aluminium sheet, it is ensured that the two
It fits closely, reduces gap between the two；Wherein position to be welded is exposed to the welding window of fixture above magnesium plate by aluminium sheet
Mouthful, in order to which performance test is cut in subsequent drawing, magnesium, aluminium sheet are assembled into the drawing of Fig. 3 such as according to ISO14273:2001 standard and cut examination
It tests, wherein lap width is 35mm, total length 175mm.
3, by laser calibration focus through welding window be aligned aluminium sheet surface to be welded, confirm it is errorless after, output laser along
The welding track surface sweeping surface of aluminum plate preset, the nanosecond laser technological parameter of the implementation case are as follows: mean power 100W, frequency
For 100KHz, pulse width 280ns, speed of welding 30mm/s.
The welding track of above-mentioned laser scanning is parallel straight line, as shown in Figure 1.Spacing L between every line is
The range of 0.2mm, 13 weld seam scanning welding of total scanning can need to be adjusted according to product.
Legend 5 is the product schematic diagram after welding, and total weld width is about 1.5mm, carries out tensile shear testing to sample, as a result
Fracture is on aluminium sheet base material, and it is 1342N that maximum, which draws shearing, and tensile-sbear strength reaches 86MPa, can reach the 82% of aluminium sheet intensity, explanation
Magnalium lap joint boundary strength is high.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment unlike the first embodiment laser mean power be 90W, it is other same as Example 1.It obtains
Weld penetration is 1029 μm, and width is 85 μm, and the micro-organization chart of section of weld joint is as shown in Figure 6.Magnesium/aluminium nanosecond laser connects
The drafting results of head show fracture in aluminum side, strength of joint 74MPa.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment unlike the first embodiment laser speed of welding be 60mm/s, other are same as Example 1.?
The weld penetration arrived is 925 μm, and width is 88 μm, and the micro-organization chart of section of weld joint is as shown in Figure 7.Magnesium/aluminium nanosecond laser is taken
The drafting results of connector show fracture in aluminum side, strength of joint 60MPa.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment unlike the first embodiment laser mean power be 80W, other are same as Example 1.It obtains
Weld penetration is 850 μm, and width is 97.6 μm.Magnesium/aluminium nanosecond laser lap joint drafting results show to be broken in interface,
Strength of joint 33MPa.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of using ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal method, which comprises the steps of:
(1) magnesium, aluminium gold metal thin plate are processed into identical two workpiece of joint face；
(2) deoxidation film process and finishing are carried out to thin plate magnesium to be welded, aluminium gold metal work-pieces respectively, exposes its surface
Metallic luster and without any impurity, controls the surface roughness Ra to joint face at 0.1 μm or less；
(3) magnesium, aluminium gold metal thin plate after will be processed be fitted closely and are stacked, and aluminium sheet fixes the two in outermost layer, and with fixture
On the table, and ensure that joint face fits closely tight；
(4) it is carried out through welding window scanning surface of aluminum plate along the welding track preset using nanosecond optical fiber laser
Welding, scanned magnesium, aluminum metal gauge of sheet are 0.5mm-1mm, and nanosecond laser is perpendicular to scanned aluminium sheet when welding
Surface；
(5) after the completion of welding, workpiece is waited to be cooled to room temperature, unloads fixture, take out weldment.
2. according to claim 1 using ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal method, which is characterized in that step
(2) in, deoxidation membrane processing method is the sand paper polishing position to be welded for successively using sand paper 280#, 320#, 400# and 600#, then
With successively using the diamond polishing agent of 5W, 3W to polish, welding portion faces roughness is allowed to be 0.1 μm, then in cleaning solution
Ultrasonic cleaning 10 minutes removes surface and oil contaminant.
3. according to claim 1 using ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal method, which is characterized in that step
(3) in, for fixture using upper and lower two panels with a thickness of the steel deck-plate of 10cm, intermediate position to be welded processes a welding window, laser
From welding window by being welded.
4. according to claim 3 using ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal method, which is characterized in that lower cover
The part copper sheet that plate is contacted with magnesium sheet.
5. according to claim 1 using ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal method, which is characterized in that step
(4) in, the welding track of scanning aluminium workpiece surface is parallel lines, and the spacing between line and line is 0.02-0.06mm.
6. according to claim 1 using ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal method, which is characterized in that step
(4) in, nanosecond laser welding parameter is as follows: pulse width 120ns~500ns of nanosecond laser, pulse peak energy exist
0.5mJ~1mJ, pulse frequency 50KHz~500KHz, speed of welding 10mm/s~90mm/s.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811498222.5A CN109623145A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | A kind of method of ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal |
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| CN201811498222.5A CN109623145A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | A kind of method of ultra-narrow laser welding magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111153709A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-15 | 南京理工大学 | Method for connecting transparent ceramics by adopting ultra-narrow laser |
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| JPH06126476A (en) * | 1992-10-13 | 1994-05-10 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Laser welding method for aluminum alloy |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06126476A (en) * | 1992-10-13 | 1994-05-10 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Laser welding method for aluminum alloy |
| JP4035335B2 (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2008-01-23 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Combined arc and laser welding process |
| CN1663729A (en) * | 2004-12-14 | 2005-09-07 | 大连理工大学 | Glue welding connection method |
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| CN103157893A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-19 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Welding method and welding device with weld joint water-cooled synchronously and from right side |
| CN203509367U (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2014-04-02 | 山东辛辛那提管道有限公司 | Steel belt welding device during pipe plastic coating |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| GAO Q, MECO S, WANG K, ET AL.: "Investigation of latest generation pulsed fiber laser in dissimilar joining of Al and Mg alloys", 《CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111153709A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-15 | 南京理工大学 | Method for connecting transparent ceramics by adopting ultra-narrow laser |
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Application publication date: 20190416 |