CN109967869A - A kind of 6061 aluminium alloy sheet pulse laser stitch welding processes - Google Patents
A kind of 6061 aluminium alloy sheet pulse laser stitch welding processes Download PDFInfo
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- CN109967869A CN109967869A CN201910274668.8A CN201910274668A CN109967869A CN 109967869 A CN109967869 A CN 109967869A CN 201910274668 A CN201910274668 A CN 201910274668A CN 109967869 A CN109967869 A CN 109967869A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
Abstract
The present invention relates to the 6061 aluminium alloy sheet pulse laser stitch welding processes of one kind of aluminium alloy sheet technical field of laser welding, it can be realized the stitch welding of thin plate aluminum alloy under suitable technological parameter, the stitch welding workpiece strength of the generation of stomata when avoiding larger heat affected area and laser welding, acquisition is higher.Protective gas is being passed through in certain angle simultaneously using pulsed laser welding, protection gas airflow direction matches with welding direction, reduces aluminum alloy welding pool oxidation；The splashing of molten pool metal when reducing welding by adjusting technological parameter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminium alloy sheet technical field of laser welding, are a kind of 6061 aluminium alloy sheet arteries and veins specifically
Rush laser stitch welding process.
Background technique
In recent ten years, the technology development using laser as heat source for aluminum alloy piping welding is very rapid, compared to tradition
Welding manner, laser have the advantages that its uniqueness: heat input is low, power density is big, same heat input when fusion penetration is big, hot shadow
Ring the advantages that area is small, welding deformation is small, easily controllable.These characteristics enable the energy of laser institute band in the time and space
High order focusing, and transmission at a distance in an efficient manner have raising welding production efficiency and improvement welding quality larger
Help.Therefore, laser is considered as optimal heat source in Metal Material Welding field.Along with the continuous hair of laser technique
Exhibition, Laser Welding of Aluminum Alloys technology have great development space.
6061 aluminium alloys belong to Al-Mg-Si aluminium alloy, are heat-treatable strengthened aluminium alloys, small compared to steel density.
In addition, 6061 aluminium alloys also have many advantages, such as the high and preferable corrosion resistance of good plasticity, specific strength, especially stress-free corrosion
Tearing tendency and cold-forming property are good.Present aluminum alloy materials are widely used in high-speed rail, ship, giant oil tanker, space shuttle
In the industry of equal facilities for transport and communication.
6061 aluminium alloys are primarily present following difficult point in welding: (1) thermal conductivity is big, therefore during the welding process
The high power heat source to be concentrated using energy, what the heat for avoiding welding from inputting can be excessive transmits to parent metal.(2) 6061 aluminium
Alloy easily generates stomata in welding.(3) linear expansion coefficient is big, and molten pool metal will cause serious volume contraction when solidifying,
Cause connector be deformed and stress concentrate.(4) intensified elements such as magnesium evaporation are easy when welding.(5) palpus is pre-processed before welding
Dystectic Al2O3 film is removed, and atmosphere to be protected during the welding process.
Laser welding is widely used to industrial production, is made with pulse laser as accurate, efficient advanced connection method
For welding heat source, the heat input in welding process can be accurately controlled, is conducive to control deformation, is suitble to micro- in electronic product
The accurate connection of small components.The light extraction mode of laser can be divided into continuously with two kinds of pulse, experiment shows pulse width not only
Have an impact to the fusion penetration molten wide of weld seam, also has an impact to the gas cell distribution in weld seam.In the case where heat input is certain, weld seam
Fusion penetration fluctuation is smaller, and different pulse widths changes the time ratio of pulse laser value and base value, can protect when pulse width is big
Card has enough energy to maintain laser welding aperture, helps to control stomata.When single pulse energy is constant, biggish arteries and veins is selected
Punching helps to control gas pore in weld metal quantity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of 6061 aluminium alloy sheet pulse laser stitch welding processes, to aluminium alloy plate
When being welded, can to avoid stomata, heat affected area is excessive the defects of, this method using pulse laser to 6061 aluminium alloys into
It has gone stitch welding, has realized the perfect welding of 1mm aluminium alloy sheet.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of 6061 aluminium alloy sheet pulse laser stitch welding processes, including
Following steps:
1) welding preparation step: taking two pieces of thickness is the aluminium alloy plate of 1mm, by the upper face of one of aluminium alloy plate
As welding surface, polished welding surface using sand paper so that welding surface be in formation state, cleared up after the completion of polishing welding surface to
The opposite face of welding zone domain and two pieces of aluminium alloy plates, with acetone or alcohol by the thorough wiped clean of area to be welded on welding surface,
Then acetone are waited or alcohol volatilizees completely so that above-mentioned area to be welded is in drying regime, the area to be welded on above-mentioned welding surface
For the overlay area of weld seam, the area to be welded on above-mentioned welding surface be width be 1mm, welding when the strip that is covered by weld seam
Plane；
2) clamping step: two pieces of aluminium alloy plates are superimposed to the overlap-add region for placing and being formed rectangle up and down, and same with fixture
When clamp two pieces of aluminium alloy plates, the width of two pieces of aluminium alloy plate overlap-add regions is controlled in 30-40mm, the length of above-mentioned area to be welded
It is oriented parallel to the length direction of overlap-add region；
3) welding step: adjusting the technological parameter of laser welding, so that 2.6~2.8W of power, 5~8mm/s of speed of welding,
10~13ms of laser pulse duration, 9~16Hz of frequency, the argon that the protective gas of protection gas blowout device of air output is 99.9%
Gas, 15~20L/min of shield gas flow rate, wherein welding direction is subject to the length direction of area to be welded, to weld advance side
The position of outlet side 2~3mm behind laser welder end of gas blowout device of air, the injection side of protective gas are protected subject to
The angle that 30 degree are formed to line and welding surface, welds two pieces of aluminium alloy plates that clamping is completed with laser welder after adjustment
It connects, the angle that laser beam and welding surface are formed when welding is 90 degree；
4) inspection after welding and analytical procedure: postwelding carries out range estimation inspection to the appearance of weld seam, and Welded Joints carry out mechanics
Performance detection carries out constituent analysis to intermetallic compound using XRD.
Further, the gap between the opposite face of two pieces of aluminium alloy plates is not more than 0.1mm.
Further, the pulse laser defocusing amount of laser welding is 0mm in welding step.
Further, it in welding preparation step when polishing welding surface, first with coarse sandpaper polishing welding surface, then uses again thin
Sand paper polishing welding surface.
Further, above-mentioned coarse sandpaper is selected as the specification of 800 mesh, and fine sandpaper is selected as the specification of 2000 mesh.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is able to use suitable 6061 aluminium alloy sheet of realization of process parameters
Stitch welding, the strict control thermal deformations of 6061 aluminium alloy sheets in the welding process, avoid the stomata occurred when previous welding,
The defects of welding deformation, solves the problems such as 6061 aluminium alloy sheet stitch welding techniques are difficult, and welding cost is high, has effectively saved life
Cost is produced, production efficiency is improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is main view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the elevational schematic view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is welding process schematic diagram of the invention.
In figure, 1 aluminium alloy plate, 2 welding surfaces, 3 area to be welded, 4 laser welders, 5 protection gas blowout device of air.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples.
Embodiment 1
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1-3,6061 aluminium alloy sheet pulse laser stitch welding processes include the following steps:
1) welding preparation step: test uses pulse laser welding method, and laser welder 4 is using the production of TRUMPF company
Trupulse556 laser has best weldering by adjusting pulsed laser power, pulsewidth, frequency and speed of welding to obtain
The aluminium alloy stitch welding workpiece for stitching appearance and mechanical property takes two piece of 6061 aluminium alloy plate 1, and specification is 100 × 45 × 1mm, will
The upper face of one of aluminium alloy plate 1, successively with the sand paper of 800 mesh and 2000 mesh polishing welding surface 2, makes as welding surface 2
Welding surface 2 be in formation state, cleared up after the completion of polishing welding surface 2 area to be welded 3 and two pieces of aluminium alloy plates 1 it is opposite
Face, with acetone or alcohol by the thorough wiped clean of area to be welded 3 on welding surface 2, then equal acetone or alcohol volatilize make completely
It obtains above-mentioned area to be welded 3 and is in drying regime, the area to be welded 3 on above-mentioned welding surface 2 is the overlay area of weld seam, above-mentioned weldering
Area to be welded 3 in junction 2 is when width is 1mm, welds by the strip plane of weld seam covering；
2) clamping step: two pieces of about 1 aluminium alloy plate superpositions are placed and form the overlap-add region of rectangle, and is same with fixture
When clamp two pieces of aluminium alloy plates 1, the width of two pieces of 1 overlap-add regions of aluminium alloy plate is controlled in 35mm, the length of above-mentioned area to be welded 3
It is oriented parallel to the length direction of overlap-add region, the gap between the opposite face of two pieces of aluminium alloy plates 1 is not more than 0.1mm；
3) welding step: adjusting the technological parameter of laser welding, so that power 2.6W, speed of welding 8mm/s, laser pulse
Duration 13ms, frequency 14Hz, defocusing amount 0mm, the argon that the protective gas that protection gas blowout device of air 5 exports is 99.9%
Gas, shield gas flow rate 20L/min, wherein welding direction is subject to the length direction of area to be welded 3, to weld direction of advance
Subject to protect gas blowout device of air 5 outlet side 3mm behind 4 welding ends of laser welder position, the injection direction of protective gas
Line and welding surface 2 form 30 degree of angle, are carried out with laser welder 4 to two pieces of aluminium alloy plates 1 that clamping is completed after adjustment
Welding, the angle that laser beam and welding surface 2 are formed when welding is 90 degree；
4) inspection after welding and analytical procedure: two piece of 6061 aluminium alloy plate 1 of postwelding is tightly bonded together, to the outer of weld seam
Sight carries out range estimation inspection, and Welded Joints carry out mechanics properties testing, carries out constituent analysis to intermetallic compound using XRD.
Further say it is situations such as need to observing appearance of weld, section of weld joint, check fusion penetration, molten wide；And carry out stretching examination
It tests, hardness test carrys out the mechanical property of detection tabs.It is welded using technique provided by the invention, weld seam is continuously beautiful, weldering
Connect small, the defect of no burn-through of splashing；Welded Joints carry out mechanics properties testing later, and tensile strength is accorded with close to base material, hardness
It closes and requires.
It is welded by this embodiment, the defects of spatter is small, no burn-through, its power known to stretched, hardness determination
It learns performance and also complies with requirement.
Embodiment 2
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1-3,6061 aluminium alloy sheet pulse laser stitch welding processes include the following steps:
1) welding preparation step: test uses pulse laser welding method, and laser welder 4 is using the production of TRUMPF company
Trupulse556 laser has best weldering by adjusting pulsed laser power, pulsewidth, frequency and speed of welding to obtain
The aluminium alloy stitch welding workpiece for stitching appearance and mechanical property takes two piece of 6061 aluminium alloy plate 1, and specification is 100 × 45 × 1mm, will
The upper face of one of aluminium alloy plate 1, successively with the sand paper of 800 mesh and 2000 mesh polishing welding surface 2, makes as welding surface 2
Welding surface 2 be in formation state, cleared up after the completion of polishing welding surface 2 area to be welded 3 and two pieces of aluminium alloy plates 1 it is opposite
Face, with acetone or alcohol by the thorough wiped clean of area to be welded 3 on welding surface 2, then equal acetone or alcohol volatilize make completely
It obtains above-mentioned area to be welded 3 and is in drying regime, the area to be welded 3 on above-mentioned welding surface 2 is the overlay area of weld seam, above-mentioned weldering
Area to be welded 3 in junction 2 is when width is 1mm, welds by the strip plane of weld seam covering；
2) clamping step: two pieces of about 1 aluminium alloy plate superpositions are placed and form the overlap-add region of rectangle, and is same with fixture
When clamp two pieces of aluminium alloy plates 1, the width of two pieces of 1 overlap-add regions of aluminium alloy plate is controlled in 35mm, the length of above-mentioned area to be welded 3
It is oriented parallel to the length direction of overlap-add region, the gap between the opposite face of two pieces of aluminium alloy plates 1 is not more than 0.1mm；
3) welding step: adjusting the technological parameter of laser welding, so that power 2.8W, speed of welding 5mm/s, laser pulse
Duration 12ms, frequency 9Hz, defocusing amount 0mm, the argon gas that the protective gas that protection gas blowout device of air 5 exports is 99.9%,
Shield gas flow rate 20L/min, wherein welding direction is subject to the length direction of area to be welded 3, is subject to and welds direction of advance
Protect gas blowout device of air 5 outlet side 3mm behind 4 welding ends of laser welder position, the injection direction line of protective gas with
Welding surface 2 forms 30 degree of angle, is welded with laser welder 4 to two pieces of aluminium alloy plates 1 that clamping is completed after adjustment,
The angle that laser beam and welding surface 2 are formed when welding is 90 degree；
4) inspection after welding and analytical procedure: two piece of 6061 aluminium alloy plate 1 of postwelding is tightly bonded together, to the outer of weld seam
Sight carries out range estimation inspection, and Welded Joints carry out mechanics properties testing, carries out constituent analysis to intermetallic compound using XRD.
Show that all data is superior to embodiment one, therefore embodiment 2 through test data after being welded under this technique
For optimum embodiment.
It is the preferred embodiment of the present invention above, those of ordinary skill in the art can also carry out various changes on this basis
It changes or improves, under the premise of not departing from the present invention total design, these transformation or improve all should belong to that the present invention claims guarantors
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of 6061 aluminium alloy sheet pulse laser stitch welding processes, which comprises the steps of:
1) welding preparation step: taking two pieces of thickness is the aluminium alloy plate (1) of 1mm, by the upper plate of one of aluminium alloy plate (1)
Face is polished welding surface (2) as welding surface (2) using sand paper, so that welding surface (2) is in formation state, it is clear after the completion of polishing
The area to be welded (3) of welding surface (2) and the opposite face of two pieces of aluminium alloy plates (1) are managed, it will be on welding surface (2) with acetone or alcohol
Area to be welded (3) thorough wiped clean, then equal acetone or alcohol volatilizes completely so that above-mentioned area to be welded (3) is in and does
Dry state, the area to be welded (3) on above-mentioned welding surface (2) are the overlay area of weld seam, the area to be welded on above-mentioned welding surface (2)
It (3) is when width is 1mm, welds by the strip plane of weld seam covering；
2) clamping step: two pieces of aluminium alloy plates (1) are superimposed to the overlap-add region for placing and being formed rectangle up and down, and simultaneously with fixture
Two pieces of aluminium alloy plates (1) are clamped, the width of two pieces of aluminium alloy plate (1) overlap-add regions is controlled in 30-40mm, above-mentioned area to be welded
(3) length direction is parallel to the length direction of overlap-add region；
3) welding step: adjusting the technological parameter of laser welding, so that 2.6~2.8W of power, 5~8mm/s of speed of welding, laser
10~13ms of pulse duration, 9~16Hz of frequency, the argon that the protective gas of protection gas blowout device of air (5) output is 99.9%
Gas, 15~20L/min of shield gas flow rate, wherein welding direction is subject to the length directions of area to be welded (3), before welding
The position that outlet side 2~3mm behind laser welder (4) welding ends of gas blowout device of air (5) is protected subject into direction, protects gas
The injection direction line of body and welding surface (2) form 30 degree of angle, two completed with laser welder (4) to clamping after adjustment
Block aluminium alloy plate (1) is welded, and the angle that laser beam and welding surface (2) are formed when welding is 90 degree；
4) inspection after welding and analytical procedure: postwelding carries out range estimation inspection to the appearance of weld seam, and Welded Joints carry out mechanical property
Detection carries out constituent analysis to intermetallic compound using XRD.
2. a kind of 6061 aluminium alloy sheet pulse laser stitch welding process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: two
Gap between the opposite face of block aluminium alloy plate (1) is not more than 0.1mm.
3. a kind of 6061 aluminium alloy sheet pulse laser stitch welding process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The pulse laser defocusing amount of laser welding is 0mm in welding step.
4. a kind of 6061 aluminium alloy sheet pulse laser stitch welding process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It in welding preparation step when polishing welding surface (2), is first polished welding surface (2) with coarse sandpaper, is then polished and welded with fine sandpaper again
Face (2).
5. a kind of 6061 aluminium alloy sheet pulse laser stitch welding process according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: on
The specification that coarse sandpaper is selected as 800 mesh is stated, fine sandpaper is selected as the specification of 2000 mesh.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112719587A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Laser pulse welding method for thin-wall aluminum alloy butt joint |
| CN112756780A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-07 | 宁波旭升汽车技术股份有限公司 | Non-wire-filling S-shaped swinging laser welding process suitable for thin-wall aluminum alloy |
| CN112958910A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-15 | 广东海洋大学 | Laser welding method for copper-aluminum dissimilar metal |
| CN114406459A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-29 | 广州瑞松北斗汽车装备有限公司 | Laser welding process for automobile battery tray connecting piece |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114406459A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-29 | 广州瑞松北斗汽车装备有限公司 | Laser welding process for automobile battery tray connecting piece |
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Application publication date: 20190705 |