CN109607796A - A kind of method of non-point pollution ecology prevention and control - Google Patents
A kind of method of non-point pollution ecology prevention and control Download PDFInfo
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- CN109607796A CN109607796A CN201811426808.0A CN201811426808A CN109607796A CN 109607796 A CN109607796 A CN 109607796A CN 201811426808 A CN201811426808 A CN 201811426808A CN 109607796 A CN109607796 A CN 109607796A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of non-point pollution ecology prevention and control.The present invention is laid out by reasonable plant space and plants configuration method, 1.0~1.8 times of the rainwash time can be effectively increased, the processes such as the degradation by the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon, suspended matter 52.9%~73.2%, total nitrogen 40.4%~23.6%, total phosphorus 41.2%~32.8% can be cut down, effectively play the effect of resistance control pollution of area source, and ecological benefits can be effectively played, while also having good aesthetic of landscape function.The present invention is simple, easy, and construction cost and operating cost are less expensive, enriches water environment Plant Diversity, is suitble to be promoted in southern water environment protection.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to environmental protection technical fields, and in particular to a kind of method of non-point pollution ecology prevention and control.
Background technique:
With deepening continuously for economical activities of mankind, water environment pollution has become global environmental problem, obtains various countries
The great attention of governmental environmental protection department.Traditionally according to the occurrence type of pollution, Pollutant Source in Aquatic Environment is divided into point source
(pointsource, abbreviation PS) and non-point source (non-pointsource, abbreviation NPS).Point source usually has fixed discharge position
It sets or sewage draining exit, discharge is concentrated, such as industrial wastewater and sanitary sewage.Non-point source includes line source and face source, i.e., discharges into environment
It is discontinuous, and cannot by general sewage water treatment method obtain water correction disposal of pollutants source, by rainfall, rainwash,
Produced by draining, seepage flow or atmospheric sedimentation, imports in surface water and groundwater water body and be largely enriched in a big way, cause
Water pollution.Compared with point-source pollution, the dispersion of non-point pollution origin, distributed areas are wide, the identification of generation position is difficult, randomness
By force, complex genesis, latency period are long.Practice have shown that controlling point-source pollution merely, the probability of meeting water quality standard of various water bodys is still paid no attention to
Think, therefore, point-source pollution is centainly controlled with the improvement of China's water environment point-source pollution, and non-point pollution has developed into
For the main source of China's water environment pollution, become the great difficult problem of puzzlement China environmental protection and improvement, moreover, with China
The continuous enhancing of economic strength, the range of water environment non-point pollution is also increasing, so to water body produce eutrophication,
Polluted drinking water source, the adverse effect for reducing function of water body.In face of such development trend, the ecological prevention and control of non-point pollution are innovated
Method not only has great theory significance, but also has extremely important realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of the invention is to overcome defect in the prior art, a kind of side of non-point pollution ecology prevention and control is provided
Method.
The method of non-point pollution ecology prevention and control of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1), hillside fields selects: the gentle slope of 10~30 degree of selection；
(2), soil property: slow slope soil selection soil layer is deep, the loose, yellow soil that has drained, acid red loam or
Person's alluvial soil；
(3), arbor is planted: the age of tree 2.0~3.0 is planted in selection eucalyptus (Eucalyptus robusta Smith) plantation
Year, 1.0~1.5 meters × 1.0~1.5 meters of seeding row spacing are planted, planting density is 4445~10000 plants of per hectare, and planting plants are high
3.0~5.0 meters of degree, canopy density 50%~70%；
(4), forest interplanting: forest interplanting plant species select hybrid giant napier (Pennisetum sinese Roxb), selection
Hybrid giant napier maturation plant, by band, there are three the kind root and stem of certain plants of bud to plant, and plants 0.5~1.00 meter × 0.5~1.00 meter of seeding row spacing,
Planting density is 10000~40000 plants of per hectare；
(5), water and fertilizer management: after plantation eucalyptus and hybrid giant napier, after irrigating 1~2 water；
(6), trimming and finishing: 2~3 months after hybrid giant napier plantation, 5.0~10.0 centimeters, which are all killd, from the ground cuts overground part
Point, promote hybrid giant napier tiller and regeneration；
(7), it tillage and weeding: annual tillage and weeding 2~4 times, is once unclogged and readjusted before annual green sprouting, dredges and go to part weak
Small, pathology, withered, overstocked plant, autumn extract lower part old leaf, promote stipes aging, keep ground dry branches and fallen leaves not heap
Product is conducive to underground and regenerates.
The hillside fields on the gentle slope ground is 30.0~50.0 meters long, and hillside fields is 30.0~50.0 meters wide.
The eucalyptus (Eucalyptus robusta Smith) is preferably gray gum (Eucalyptus
tereticornis Smith)。
The present invention is laid out by reasonable plant space and plants configuration method, can effectively increase the rainwash time
1.0~1.8 times, by processes such as the degradations of the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon, suspended matter can be cut down
52.9%~73.2%, total nitrogen 40.4%~23.6%, total phosphorus 41.2%~32.8% effectively play the work of resistance control pollution of area source
With, and ecological benefits can be effectively played, while also having good aesthetic of landscape function.
The present invention is simple, easy, and construction cost and operating cost are less expensive, enriches water environment Plant Diversity, fits
Conjunction is promoted in southern water environment protection.
Specific embodiment:
The following examples are further illustrations of the invention, rather than limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1:
Non-point pollution ecology is carried out in WuShan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province ecology and environment Practice Base on June 7th, 2018 to prevent
Control, comprising the following steps:
1, hillside fields selects: the gentle slope of 20 degree of selection, hillside fields is 50.0 meters long, and hillside fields is 30.0 meters wide；
2, soil property: slow slope soil selection soil layer is deep, the loose, alluvial soil that has drained；
3, arbor is planted: the age of tree 2.0 is planted in selection gray gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith) plantation
~3.0 years, plant 1.5 meters × 1.5 meters of seeding row spacing, planting density be 4445 plants of per hectare, 3.0~5.0 meters of planting plants height,
Canopy density 55%；
4, forest interplanting: forest interplanting plant species select hybrid giant napier (Pennisetum sinese Roxb), select emperor
The mature plant of bamboo grass, by band, there are three the kind root and stem of certain plants of bud to plant, and plants 0.5 meter × 0.5 meter of seeding row spacing, planting density is every public affairs
Just 40000 plants, Natural plant community is formed；
5, water and fertilizer management: after plantation gray gum and hybrid giant napier, after irrigating 1~2 water, do not have to fertilising, grow naturally；
6, trimming and finishing: 2 months after hybrid giant napier plantation, 5.0~10.0 centimeters, which are all killd, from the ground cuts aerial part, promotees
Into hybrid giant napier tiller and regeneration；
7, it tillage and weeding: annual tillage and weeding 2~4 times, is once unclogged and readjusted before annual green sprouting, dredges and go to part weak
Small, pathology, withered, overstocked plant, autumn extract lower part old leaf, promote stipes aging, keep ground dry branches and fallen leaves not heap
Product is conducive to underground and regenerates.
The method of the non-point pollution ecology prevention and control of the present embodiment compares, energy with comparatively (not planting any vegetation)
1.8 times of the rainwash time are enough effectively increased, was waited by the degradation of the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon
Journey can cut down suspended matter 73.2%, total nitrogen 40.4%, total phosphorus 41.2%, effectively play the effect of resistance control pollution of area source, and can have
Effect plays ecological benefits, while also having good aesthetic of landscape function.
Embodiment 2:
Non-point pollution ecology is carried out in WuShan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province ecology and environment Practice Base on June 27th, 2018 to prevent
Control, comprising the following steps:
1, hillside fields selects: the gentle slope of 20 degree of selection, hillside fields is 50.0 meters long, and hillside fields is 30.0 meters wide；
2, soil property: slow slope soil selection soil layer is deep, the loose, yellow soil that has drained；
3, arbor is planted: the age of tree 2.0 is planted in selection gray gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith) plantation
~3.0 years, plant 1.5 meters × 1.5 meters of seeding row spacing, planting density be 4445 plants of per hectare, 3.0~5.0 meters of planting plants height,
Canopy density 56%；
4, forest interplanting: forest interplanting plant species select hybrid giant napier (Pennisetum sinese Roxb), select emperor
The mature plant of bamboo grass, by band, there are three the kind root and stem of certain plants of bud to plant, and plants 0.5 meter × 0.5 meter of seeding row spacing, planting density is every public affairs
Just 40000 plants, Natural plant community is formed；
5, water and fertilizer management: after plantation gray gum and hybrid giant napier, after irrigating 1~2 water, do not have to fertilising, grow naturally；
6, trimming and finishing: 2 months after hybrid giant napier plantation, 5.0~10.0 centimeters, which are all killd, from the ground cuts aerial part, promotees
Into hybrid giant napier tiller and regeneration；
7, it tillage and weeding: annual tillage and weeding 2~4 times, is once unclogged and readjusted before annual green sprouting, dredges and go to part weak
Small, pathology, withered, overstocked plant, autumn extract lower part old leaf, promote stipes aging, keep ground dry branches and fallen leaves not heap
Product is conducive to underground and regenerates.
The method of the non-point pollution ecology prevention and control of the present embodiment compares, energy with comparatively (not planting any vegetation)
1.5 times of the rainwash time are enough effectively increased, was waited by the degradation of the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon
Journey can cut down suspended matter 64.6%, total nitrogen 30.8%, total phosphorus 37.7%, effectively play the effect of resistance control pollution of area source, and can have
Effect plays ecological benefits, while also having good aesthetic of landscape function.
Embodiment 3:
Non-point pollution ecology is carried out in WuShan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province ecology and environment Practice Base on July 9th, 2018 to prevent
Control, comprising the following steps:
1, hillside fields selects: the gentle slope of 30 degree of selection, hillside fields is 50.0 meters long, and hillside fields is 50.0 meters wide；
2, soil property: slow slope soil select soil layer is deep, the loose, pH that has drained for 6.5 acid red loam；
3, arbor is planted: the age of tree 2.0 is planted in selection gray gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith) plantation
~3.0 years, 1.0 meters × 1.0 meters of seeding row spacing are planted, planting density is 10000 plants of per hectare, planting plants height 3.0~5.0
Rice, canopy density 70%；
4, forest interplanting: forest interplanting plant species select hybrid giant napier (Pennisetum sinese Roxb), select emperor
The mature plant of bamboo grass, by band, there are three the kind root and stem of certain plants of bud to plant, and plants 1.0 meters × 1.0 meters of seeding row spacing, planting density is every public affairs
Just 10000 plants, Natural plant community is formed；
5, water and fertilizer management: after plantation E. dunnii and hybrid giant napier, after irrigating 1~2 water, do not have to fertilising, grow naturally；
6, trimming and finishing: 3 months after hybrid giant napier plantation, 5.0~10.0 centimeters, which are all killd, from the ground cuts aerial part, promotees
Into hybrid giant napier tiller and regeneration；
7, it tillage and weeding: annual tillage and weeding 2~4 times, is once unclogged and readjusted before annual green sprouting, dredges and go to part weak
Small, pathology, withered, overstocked plant, autumn extract lower part old leaf, promote stipes aging, keep ground dry branches and fallen leaves not heap
Product is conducive to underground and regenerates.
The method of the non-point pollution ecology prevention and control of the present embodiment compares, energy with comparatively (not planting any vegetation)
1.0 times of the rainwash time are enough effectively increased, was waited by the degradation of the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon
Journey can cut down suspended matter 52.9%, total nitrogen 23.6%, total phosphorus 32.8%, effectively play the effect of resistance control pollution of area source, and can have
Effect plays ecological benefits, while also having good aesthetic of landscape function.
Embodiment 4:
Non-point pollution ecology is carried out in WuShan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province ecology and environment Practice Base on July 27th, 2018 to prevent
Control, comprising the following steps:
1, hillside fields selects: the gentle slope of 10 degree of selection, hillside fields is 30.0 meters long, and hillside fields is 30.0 meters wide；
2, soil property: slow slope soil selection soil layer is deep, the loose, yellow soil that has drained；
3, arbor is planted: the age of tree 2.0 is planted in selection gray gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith) plantation
~3.0 years, plant 1.5 meters × 1.5 meters of seeding row spacing, planting density be 4445 plants of per hectare, 3.0~5.0 meters of planting plants height,
Canopy density 50%；
4, forest interplanting: forest interplanting plant species select hybrid giant napier (Pennisetum sinese Roxb), select emperor
The mature plant of bamboo grass, by band, there are three the kind root and stem of certain plants of bud to plant, and plants 1.0 meters × 1.0 meters of seeding row spacing, planting density is every public affairs
Just 10000 plants, Natural plant community is formed；
5, water and fertilizer management: after plantation eucalyptus camaldulensis and hybrid giant napier, after irrigating 1~2 water, do not have to fertilising, grow naturally；
6, trimming and finishing: 3 months after hybrid giant napier plantation, 5.0~10.0 centimeters, which are all killd, from the ground cuts aerial part, promotees
Into hybrid giant napier tiller and regeneration；
7, it tillage and weeding: annual tillage and weeding 2~4 times, is once unclogged and readjusted before annual green sprouting, dredges and go to part weak
Small, pathology, withered, overstocked plant, autumn extract lower part old leaf, promote stipes aging, keep ground dry branches and fallen leaves not heap
Product is conducive to underground and regenerates.
The method of the non-point pollution ecology prevention and control of the present embodiment compares, energy with comparatively (not planting any vegetation)
1.4 times of the rainwash time are enough effectively increased, was waited by the degradation of the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon
Journey can cut down suspended matter 65.3%, total nitrogen 36.7%, total phosphorus 38.9%, effectively play the effect of resistance control pollution of area source, and can have
Effect plays ecological benefits, while also having good aesthetic of landscape function.
Embodiment 5:
Non-point pollution ecology is carried out in WuShan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province ecology and environment Practice Base and is prevented on August 7th, 2018
Control, comprising the following steps:
1, hillside fields selects: the gentle slope of 20 degree of selection, hillside fields is 50.0 meters long, and hillside fields is 30.0 meters wide；
2, soil property: slow slope soil selection soil layer is deep, the loose, alluvial soil that has drained；
3, arbor is planted: the age of tree 2.0 is planted in selection gray gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith) plantation
~3.0 years, plant 1.5 meters × 1.5 meters of seeding row spacing, planting density be 4445 plants of per hectare, 3.0~5.0 meters of planting plants height,
Canopy density 54%；
4, forest interplanting: forest interplanting plant species select hybrid giant napier (Pennisetum sinese Roxb), select emperor
The mature plant of bamboo grass, by band, there are three the kind root and stem of certain plants of bud to plant, and plants 0.5 meter × 0.5 meter of seeding row spacing, planting density is every public affairs
Just 40000 plants, Natural plant community is formed；
5, water and fertilizer management: after plantation alpine ash and hybrid giant napier, after irrigating 1~2 water, do not have to fertilising, grow naturally；
6, trimming and finishing: 2 months after hybrid giant napier plantation, 5.0~10.0 centimeters, which are all killd, from the ground cuts aerial part, promotees
Into hybrid giant napier tiller and regeneration；
7, it tillage and weeding: annual tillage and weeding 2~4 times, is once unclogged and readjusted before annual green sprouting, dredges and go to part weak
Small, pathology, withered, overstocked plant, autumn extract lower part old leaf, promote stipes aging, keep ground dry branches and fallen leaves not heap
Product is conducive to underground and regenerates.
The method of the non-point pollution ecology prevention and control of the present embodiment compares, energy with comparatively (not planting any vegetation)
1.6 times of the rainwash time are enough effectively increased, was waited by the degradation of the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon
Journey can cut down suspended matter 70.3%, total nitrogen 38.1%, total phosphorus 40.6%, effectively play the effect of resistance control pollution of area source, and can have
Effect plays ecological benefits, while also having good aesthetic of landscape function.
Embodiment 6:
Non-point pollution ecology is carried out in WuShan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province ecology and environment Practice Base and is prevented on August 20th, 2018
Control, comprising the following steps:
1, hillside fields selects: the gentle slope of 20 degree of selection, hillside fields is 50.0 meters long, and hillside fields is 30.0 meters wide；
2, soil property: slow slope soil selection soil layer is deep, the loose, alluvial soil that has drained；
3, arbor is planted: the age of tree 2.0 is planted in selection gray gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith) plantation
~3.0 years, plant 1.5 meters × 1.5 meters of seeding row spacing, planting density be 4445 plants of per hectare, 3.0~5.0 meters of planting plants height,
Canopy density 59%；
4, forest interplanting: forest interplanting plant species select hybrid giant napier (Pennisetum sinese Roxb), select emperor
The mature plant of bamboo grass, by band, there are three the kind root and stem of certain plants of bud to plant, and plants 0.5 meter × 0.5 meter of seeding row spacing, planting density is every public affairs
Just 40000 plants, Natural plant community is formed；
5, water and fertilizer management: after plantation Bud Formation of Eucalyptus smithii L and hybrid giant napier, after irrigating 1~2 water, not having to fertilising, naturally raw
It is long；
6, trimming and finishing: 2 months after hybrid giant napier plantation, 5.0~10.0 centimeters, which are all killd, from the ground cuts aerial part, promotees
Into hybrid giant napier tiller and regeneration；
7, it tillage and weeding: annual tillage and weeding 2~4 times, is once unclogged and readjusted before annual green sprouting, dredges and go to part weak
Small, pathology, withered, overstocked plant, autumn extract lower part old leaf, promote stipes aging, keep ground dry branches and fallen leaves not heap
Product is conducive to underground and regenerates.
The method of the non-point pollution ecology prevention and control of the present embodiment compares, energy with comparatively (not planting any vegetation)
1.7 times of the rainwash time are enough effectively increased, was waited by the degradation of the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon
Journey can cut down suspended matter 70.5%, total nitrogen 38.7%, total phosphorus 39.6%, effectively play the effect of resistance control pollution of area source, and can have
Effect plays ecological benefits, while also having good aesthetic of landscape function.
Embodiment 7:
Non-point pollution ecology is carried out in WuShan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province ecology and environment Practice Base and is prevented on September 6th, 2018
Control, comprising the following steps:
1, hillside fields selects: the gentle slope of 20 degree of selection, hillside fields is 50.0 meters long, and hillside fields is 30.0 meters wide；
2, soil property: slow slope soil selection soil layer is deep, the loose, alluvial soil that has drained；
3, arbor is planted: the age of tree 2.0 is planted in selection gray gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith) plantation
~3.0 years, plant 1.5 meters × 1.5 meters of seeding row spacing, planting density be 4445 plants of per hectare, 3.0~5.0 meters of planting plants height,
Canopy density 53%；
4, forest interplanting: forest interplanting plant species select hybrid giant napier (Pennisetum sinese Roxb), select emperor
The mature plant of bamboo grass, by band, there are three the kind root and stem of certain plants of bud to plant, and plants 0.5 meter × 0.5 meter of seeding row spacing, planting density is every public affairs
Just 40000 plants, Natural plant community is formed；
5, water and fertilizer management: after plantation Eucalyptus pellita and hybrid giant napier, after irrigating 1~2 water, do not have to fertilising, grow naturally；
6, trimming and finishing: 2 months after hybrid giant napier plantation, 5.0~10.0 centimeters, which are all killd, from the ground cuts aerial part, promotees
Into hybrid giant napier tiller and regeneration；
7, it tillage and weeding: annual tillage and weeding 2~4 times, is once unclogged and readjusted before annual green sprouting, dredges and go to part weak
Small, pathology, withered, overstocked plant, autumn extract lower part old leaf, promote stipes aging, keep ground dry branches and fallen leaves not heap
Product is conducive to underground and regenerates.
The method of the non-point pollution ecology prevention and control of the present embodiment compares, energy with comparatively (not planting any vegetation)
1.6 times of the rainwash time are enough effectively increased, was waited by the degradation of the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon
Journey can cut down suspended matter 72.1%, total nitrogen 37.4%, total phosphorus 39.6%, effectively play the effect of resistance control pollution of area source, and can have
Effect plays ecological benefits, while also having good aesthetic of landscape function.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method of non-point pollution ecology prevention and control, which comprises the following steps:
(1), hillside fields selects: the gentle slope of 10~30 degree of selection；
(2), soil property: slow slope soil selection soil layer is deep, loose, the yellow soil, acid red loam or the punching that have drained
Product soil；
(3), arbor is planted: selection eucalyptus (Eucalyptus robusta Smith) plantation is planted the age of tree 2.0~3.0 years, kind
1.0~1.5 meters × 1.0~1.5 meters of plant line-spacing, planting density is 4445~10000 plants of per hectare, planting plants height 3.0
~5.0 meters, canopy density 50%~70%；
(4), forest interplanting: forest interplanting plant species select hybrid giant napier (Pennisetum sinese Roxb), select emperor bamboo
Careless maturation plant, by band, there are three the kind root and stem of certain plants of bud to plant, and plants 0.5~1.0 meter × 0.5~1.0 meter of seeding row spacing, plants close
Degree is 10000~40000 plants of per hectare；
(5), water and fertilizer management: after plantation eucalyptus and hybrid giant napier, after irrigating 1~2 water；
(6), trimming and finishing: 2~3 months after hybrid giant napier plantation, 5.0~10.0 centimeters, which are all killd, from the ground cuts aerial part,
Promote hybrid giant napier tiller and regeneration；
(7), tillage and weeding: annual tillage and weeding 2~4 times is once unclogged and readjusted before annual green sprouting, dredge go part it is small and weak,
Pathology, withered, overstocked plant, autumn extract lower part old leaf, promote stipes aging, and ground dry branches and fallen leaves is kept not accumulate,
Conducive to underground regeneration.
2. the method for non-point pollution ecology prevention and control according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the slope on the gentle slope ground
Ground is 30.0~50.0 meters long, and hillside fields is 30.0~50.0 meters wide.
3. the method for non-point pollution ecology prevention and control according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the eucalyptus
(Eucalyptus robusta Smith) is gray gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith).
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