CN109593996A - A kind of high tough squeeze casting Al mg-si master alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high tough squeeze casting Al mg-si master alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109593996A CN109593996A CN201811621757.7A CN201811621757A CN109593996A CN 109593996 A CN109593996 A CN 109593996A CN 201811621757 A CN201811621757 A CN 201811621757A CN 109593996 A CN109593996 A CN 109593996A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
It is specifically a kind of to use squeeze casting technology the present invention relates to aluminum alloy materials, and using the extrusion casint high-strength tenacity al-mg-si chromium alloy material of T6 heat treatment process preparation；Its main component and its mass percentage content are as follows: magnesium 4.80~5.50%, silicon 1.50~2.50%, chromium 0.30~0.50%, iron≤0.30%, the sum of other alloying elements≤0.50%, remaining as aluminium；Solid solubility temperature is 560~580 DEG C, and the time is 2-3 hours；Aging temp is 180~220 DEG C, and the time is 2~3 hours.Alloy of the invention not only intensity and toughness with higher, and sticking to mould tendency is small, forming property is good, and the cost of raw material is cheap, from a wealth of sources；It is particularly suitable for part or component that manufacture has lightweight requirements, there is very wide application prospect in automotive field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation field of aluminum alloy materials, in particular to a kind of high intensity, high tenacity, it is at low cost, can heat
Handle the extrusion casint aldray material and preparation method thereof strengthened.
Background technique
The development of electronic technology is maked rapid progress, studies show that, the every mitigation 100kg weight of automobile, oil consumption can be reduced
0.7L/100km.With increasingly sharpening for world today's environmental pollution and resource exhaustion problem, energy-saving and emission-reduction are increasingly by state
The attention of family and society.Aluminum alloy materials are from a wealth of sources, recoverable, low in cost, and innately have good plasticity and toughness,
Corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity and processability, and its density only has the 1/3 of steel material, specific strength is higher, is the reason for replacing steel material
Want to select.The high-intensitive aluminum alloy materials with high tenacity of exploitation can be significantly for replacing steel material in industrial production
Less energy waste and environmental pollution.
Usually, the intensity and toughness of alloy are negatively correlated: if a kind of alloy strength is higher, toughness just compared with
Difference；If toughness is preferable, intensity is with regard to lower.The main problem of current limitation cast aluminium alloy material application be exactly intensity not
Height, for example, most common first Cast A 356 Aluminum Alloy, typical tensile strength is 290MPa, elongation percentage 10%；And it is secondary
A356 alloy, typical tensile strength are 250MPa, elongation percentage 7%.
Common cast aluminium alloy gold includes Al-Si system, Al-Cu system, Al-Mg system and four kinds of Al-Zn alloy.Al-Mg system
Casting alloy density in four kinds of cast aluminium alloy golds is minimum, and solid solubility of the Mg in Al is higher, can achieve at 450 DEG C
20%, it is much higher than other three kinds of alloys, therefore its solution strengthening effect is strong, can greatly improve the intensity of alloy, while to tough
Property influence it is relatively fewer, therefore Al-Mg alloy be develop the tough cast aluminium alloy material of high-strength light ideal chose.With
Based on Al-Mg system casting alloy, by adding other alloying elements, its mechanical property is improved using heat treatment process, together
When guarantee certain toughness, have both higher intensity and toughness, will can expand cast aluminium alloy material on automobile application before
Scape.
The Main Tissues of Al-Mg system casting alloy are primary α-Al matrix and Al3Mg2Phase, Al therein3Mg2Mutually often edge
Crystal boundary distribution.With the increase for using the time, Al3Mg2It meets and is precipitated in matrix, cause grain-boundary weakness, it is rotten to generate intergranular
Erosion, makes alloy " becoming fragile ".Studies have shown that Si element is added in Al-Mg system bianry alloy, can make in Al-Mg alloy
Al3Mg2It mutually reduces and even disappears.Reason is that magnesium elements tend to form more stable Mg with the element silicon being added2Si phase.
Mg2Si forms eutectic with aluminium in the tissue, and gradually increases with increasing for element silicon.Al-Mg2Si is the symbiosis of lamellar
Eutectic, by soft tough Al phase and hard crisp Mg2Si phase composition can just make alloy have good comprehensive mechanical property under as cast condition
Energy.During solid solution, Mg2Magnesium, element silicon part in Si phase are added in matrix, make Mg2Si shape becomes mellow and full
It is granular；In subsequent ag(e)ing process, magnesium, the element silicon dissolved in matrix is precipitated in the form of nanometer phase again, is played very well
Dispersion-strengthened effect.These mechanism synergistic effect, not only greatly improves the mechanical property of alloy, but also reduce lamellar
Al-Mg2Adverse effect of the Si eutectic to alloy property.In addition, the viscosity of Al-Mg system bianry alloy is higher, it is easy to happen sticking to mould
Problem has very deleterious effect to the service life of mold, and suitable element silicon, which is added, can be improved the mobility of Al-Mg alloy
And mouldability.Therefore suitable element silicon is necessary.
Fe element is difficult to avoid that in melting and casting process, meanwhile, certain F e constituent content is also material recovery
With required for remelting.Fe element often generates coarse gill shape β-Fe phase in Al-Mg system casting alloy, can not only draw
It plays serious stress to concentrate, becomes the origin of crackle generation and expansion, and can be by blocking interdendritic Feeding channel, drop
Low-alloyed fatigue strength.Studies have shown that suitable Cr can not only change the form of the Needle like Iron Phase in alloy, make coarse
Acicular beta-Fe phase transition is block-like α-Fe phase, and the dispersion strengthening phase containing Cr can be precipitated during solid solution aging.It should
Dispersion strengthening phase possesses very high dispersion-strengthened effect, can improve the yield strength and tensile strength of alloy significantly.
During extrusion casint, molten metal forms under stress, and cooling velocity is very fast, therefore crystal grain is fine and closely woven, generates preferable
Refined crystalline strengthening effect.Under stress, molten metal forces feeding, therefore casting obtained is without the bad defect such as shrinkage porosite, stomata.It is solidifying
Gu certain plastic deformation also has occurred in casting after under stress, produces certain working hardening effect.In subsequent heat
In processing, the deformation energy storage for being plastically deformed deposit can become the energy source of alloy returns and recrystallization, make to generate in alloy
Subgrain or refine alloy grain.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high tough squeeze casting Al mg-si master alloy and preparation method thereof, for
The not high status of cast aluminium alloy gold mechanical property, by optimization design alloying component and its preparation and heat treatment process, using returning
Aluminum alloy materials and other intermediate alloys are received, a kind of extrusion casint magnalium silicon conjunction for being provided simultaneously with high intensity and high tenacity is developed
Golden material.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high tough squeeze casting Al mg-si master alloy and preparation method thereof, tools
There are higher intensity (tensile strength > 340MPa after heat treatment) and preferable toughness (elongation percentage > 6% after heat treatment), and
It can be prepared by recycling aluminium alloy scrap, it is at low cost and environmentally friendly.
To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a kind of master of high tough squeeze casting Al mg-si master alloy
Want ingredient and its mass percentage content are as follows: magnesium 4.80~5.50%, silicon 1.50%~2.50%, chromium 0.30~0.50%, iron
≤ 0.30%, the sum of other alloying elements≤0.50%, remaining as aluminium.
Preferably, the raw material of the tough squeeze casting Al mg-si master alloy of the height is by 6061 aluminium alloys of recycling or recycling A356 aluminium
Alloy, Al-Mg50 or Al-Mg10 intermediate alloy, Al-Si20 intermediate alloy and Al-Cr5 intermediate alloy are formulated.
A kind of preparation method of high tough squeeze casting Al mg-si master alloy comprising step:
S100 prepares raw material and ingredient according to the alloying component of design, and raw material is by 6061 aluminium alloys of recycling or recycling A356 aluminium
Alloy, Al-Mg50 or Al-Mg10 intermediate alloy, Al-Si20 intermediate alloy and Al-Cr5 intermediate alloy are formulated；
S200 carries out melting to alloy raw material, obtains alloy melt；
S300 extrusion casint, the pre- coating release agent of mold are simultaneously preheating to 180 DEG C~200 DEG C, control temperature at 680 DEG C -720 DEG C
It is poured in range, squeeze cast form is carried out under the pressure of 50MPa~75MPa；
Casting is carried out in resistance furnace T6 heat treatment, quenched after heat treatment solid solution, when then carrying out by S400 heat treatment
Effect, comes out of the stove air-cooled.
An embodiment according to the present invention, the step S200 specifically include step:
6061 reclaimed materials, Al-Si20 intermediate alloy and Al-Cr5 intermediate alloy of crushing are added in S210 in melting furnace, with
150 DEG C are heated up per hour afterwards until 720 DEG C；
S220 is added Al-Mg50 intermediate alloy, 3min is stirred after thawing, so that alloying component after alloy all melts
Uniformly；
Commercial refining agent is added according to 4/1000ths ratio into molten aluminum by S230, refines, is used in combination at 720~730 DEG C
Argon gas or nitrogen degasification are skimmed after standing 15 minutes.
An embodiment according to the present invention, the step S200 specifically include step:
The A356 reclaimed materials and Al-Cr5 intermediate alloy of crushing is added in S210 in melting furnace, then heats up 150 per hour
DEG C until 720 DEG C；
Al-Mg10 intermediate alloy is divided into three groups by S220, is added three times fusing, after each alloy melting, will be warming up to
720 DEG C add next group of Al-Mg10 intermediate alloy；
S230 stirs 3min after alloy all melts, so that alloying component is uniform；
Commercial refining agent is added according to 4/1000ths ratio into molten aluminum by S240, refines, is used in combination at 720~730 DEG C
Argon gas or nitrogen degasification are skimmed after standing 15 minutes.
An embodiment according to the present invention, in the step S400, the solid solubility temperature of heat treatment is 560~580 DEG C, when
Between be 2-3 hour, aging temp be 180~220 DEG C, aging time be 2~3 hours.
The present invention compared with the existing technology, has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) alloy material of the invention while intensity with higher and preferable plasticity and toughness, after extrusion casint, as cast condition
When tensile strength up to 290~310MPa, elongation percentage is up to 11~13%；After T6 heat treatment tensile strength up to 340~
360MPa, elongation percentage is up to 6%~9%.
(2) alloy material of the invention will be recycled the Fe element in alloy and form phase morphology change, be reduced by addition Cr
Adverse effect of the Fe to alloy property.
(3) alloy of the present invention is made of recycling aluminium alloy scrap, and raw material sources are extensive and low in cost, meet energy conservation
The requirement of emission reduction.
(4) alloy material of the invention contains the Si of 1.50%-2.50%, makes Al-Mg alloy mobility with higher
It is inclined to lower sticking to mould, the mouldability of alloy and the service life of mold can be improved.
(5) Cr, Fe element certain in alloy of the present invention can reduce the sticking to mould tendency of the alloy, improve the use of mold
Service life.
Specific embodiment
It is described below for disclosing the present invention so that those skilled in the art can be realized the present invention.It is excellent in being described below
Embodiment is selected to be only used as illustrating, it may occur to persons skilled in the art that other obvious modifications.
Embodiment one
Step 1: ingredient
Step 2: melting
6061 reclaimed materials, Al-Si20 intermediate alloy and Al-Cr5 intermediate alloy of crushing are added in melting furnace, it is then every
150 DEG C of hour heating is until 720 DEG C.After alloy all melts, Al-Mg50 intermediate alloy is added, 3min is stirred after thawing, really
It is uniform to protect alloying component.Commercial refining agent is added into molten aluminum according to 4/1000ths ratio, is refined at 720~730 DEG C, and
With argon gas or nitrogen degasification, skim after standing 15 minutes.
Step 3: extrusion casint
The pre- coating release agent of mold is simultaneously preheating to 200 DEG C, and control temperature is poured within the scope of 700 DEG C~720 DEG C,
Squeeze cast form is carried out under the pressure of 50MPa.
Step 4: heat treatment
Casting is subjected to T6 heat treatment in resistance furnace, heat treatment process is to quench after being dissolved 2h at 580 DEG C, is then existed
Timeliness 3h at 180 DEG C, comes out of the stove air-cooled.
The alloy material obtained through the above steps contains magnesium 4.83%, silicon 1.51%, chromium 0.32%, iron 0.29%,
The sum of his alloying element 0.46%, remaining as aluminium.Mechanical property after casting as cast condition and T6 heat treatment is as shown in table 1.
The mechanical property of the alloy of the present invention of table 1
Embodiment two
Step 1: ingredient
Step 2: melting
The A356 reclaimed materials and Al-Cr5 intermediate alloy of crushing are added in melting furnace, then heats up 150 DEG C per hour directly
To 720 DEG C.Al-Mg10 intermediate alloy is divided into three groups, is added three times fusing.After each alloy melting, 720 will be warming up to
DEG C add next group of Al-Mg10 intermediate alloy.3min is stirred after alloy all melts, it is ensured that alloying component is uniform.According to
Commercial refining agent is added into molten aluminum for 4/1000ths ratio, refines at 720~730 DEG C, and with argon gas or nitrogen degasification, quiet
It skims after setting 15 minutes.
Step 3: extrusion casint
The pre- coating release agent of mold is simultaneously preheating to 180 DEG C, and control temperature is poured within the scope of 680 DEG C -700 DEG C,
Squeeze cast form is carried out under the pressure of 75MPa.
Step 4: heat treatment
Casting is subjected to T6 heat treatment in resistance furnace, heat treatment process is to quench after being dissolved 3h at 560 DEG C, is then existed
Timeliness 2h at 220 DEG C, comes out of the stove air-cooled.
The alloy material obtained through the above steps contains magnesium 5.50%, silicon 2.49%, chromium 0.50%, iron 0.17%,
The sum of his alloying element 0.21%, remaining as aluminium.Mechanical property after casting as cast condition and T6 heat treatment is as shown in table 2.
The mechanical property and heating conduction of the alloy of the present invention of table 2
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiment and the description is only the present invention
Principle, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, these variation and
Improvement is both fallen in the range of claimed invention.The present invention claims protection scope by appended claims and its
Equivalent defines.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high tough squeeze casting Al mg-si master alloy, which is characterized in that its main component and its mass percentage content are as follows:
Magnesium 4.80~5.50%, silicon 1.50%~2.50%, chromium 0.30~0.50%, iron≤0.30%, the sum of other alloying elements≤
0.50%, remaining as aluminium.
2. the tough squeeze casting Al mg-si master alloy of height according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tough extruding casting of height
Make the raw material of aldray by 6061 aluminium alloys of recycling or recycling A356 aluminium alloy, Al-Mg50 or Al-Mg10 intermediate alloy,
Al-Si20 intermediate alloy and Al-Cr5 intermediate alloy are formulated.
3. a kind of preparation method of the tough squeeze casting Al mg-si master alloy of height as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
Comprising steps of
S100 prepares raw material and ingredient according to the alloying component of design, and raw material is closed by 6061 aluminium alloys of recycling or recycling A356 aluminium
Gold, Al-Mg50 or Al-Mg10 intermediate alloy, Al-Si20 intermediate alloy and Al-Cr5 intermediate alloy are formulated；
S200 carries out melting to alloy raw material, obtains alloy melt；
S300 extrusion casint, the pre- coating release agent of mold are simultaneously preheating to 180 DEG C~200 DEG C, control temperature in 680 DEG C of -720 DEG C of ranges
It is inside poured, squeeze cast form is carried out under the pressure of 50MPa~75MPa；
Casting is carried out in resistance furnace T6 heat treatment, quenches after heat treatment solid solution, then carry out timeliness, out by S400 heat treatment
Furnace is air-cooled.
4. the preparation method of the tough squeeze casting Al mg-si master alloy of height according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid S200 specifically includes step:
6061 reclaimed materials, Al-Si20 intermediate alloy and Al-Cr5 intermediate alloy of crushing are added in S210 in melting furnace, then every
150 DEG C of hour heating is until 720 DEG C；
S220 is added Al-Mg50 intermediate alloy, 3min is stirred after thawing, so that alloying component is uniform after alloy all melts；
Commercial refining agent is added according to 4/1000ths ratio into molten aluminum by S230, refines at 720~730 DEG C, and use argon gas
Or nitrogen degasification, it skims after standing 15 minutes.
5. the preparation method of the tough squeeze casting Al mg-si master alloy of height according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid S200 specifically includes step:
The A356 reclaimed materials and Al-Cr5 intermediate alloy of crushing is added in S210 in melting furnace, then heats up 150 DEG C per hour directly
To 720 DEG C；
Al-Mg10 intermediate alloy is divided into three groups by S220, is added three times fusing, after each alloy melting, will be warming up to 720
DEG C add next group of Al-Mg10 intermediate alloy；
S230 stirs 3min after alloy all melts, so that alloying component is uniform；
Commercial refining agent is added according to 4/1000ths ratio into molten aluminum by S240, refines at 720~730 DEG C, and use argon gas
Or nitrogen degasification, it skims after standing 15 minutes.
6. according to the preparation method of the tough squeeze casting Al mg-si master alloy of height any in claim 3~5, feature exists
In the solid solubility temperature of heat treatment is 560~580 DEG C, and the time is 2-3 hours, and aging temp is 180~220 DEG C, and aging time is
2~3 hours.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110760707A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-02-07 | 安徽枫慧金属股份有限公司 | Grain refinement processing technology of secondary aluminum |
| CN112522555A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-19 | 华南理工大学 | High-toughness extrusion casting aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112522555A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-19 | 华南理工大学 | High-toughness extrusion casting aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof |
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