CN115433857A - Lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115433857A CN115433857A CN202211178670.3A CN202211178670A CN115433857A CN 115433857 A CN115433857 A CN 115433857A CN 202211178670 A CN202211178670 A CN 202211178670A CN 115433857 A CN115433857 A CN 115433857A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- silicon alloy
- lightweight
- weight
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.05-0.20% of Er, and the weight ratio of Si:6-8%, mg:0.4-0.5%, cu0.1-0.2%, cr0.1-0.2%, mn:0.2-0.3%, zn:0.01-0.2%, co0.2-0.7%, fe is less than or equal to 0.2%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities, and the light-weight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity has the composition proportion relation which satisfies the following formulas (1), (2) and (3): 1 is less than or equal to ({ Mn } + { Co })/{ Mg }) is less than or equal to 2.5 … … (1); less than or equal to 0.12 ({ Er } + { Zn })/{ Mg } < 1.0 … … (2); 0.5 ≦ ({ Er } + { Cu } + { Cr })/{ Mg } ≦ 1.5 … … (3) wherein { Mn }, { Co }, { Mg }, { Zn }, { Er }, { Cr } and { Cu } respectively represent the weight percentages of Mn, co, mg, zn, er, cr and Cu in the aluminum-silicon alloy having good lightweight plasticity. The aluminum alloy is alloyed by adopting a trace amount of erbium, so that the strength and the ductility of the alloy can be effectively improved, the bending capacity of the aluminum alloy can be obviously improved, and the processing performance of the aluminum alloy can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aluminum-silicon alloy and a preparation process thereof, in particular to an aluminum-silicon alloy with light weight and good plasticity and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The high-performance aluminum alloy is a necessary basis for realizing lightweight of modern transportation tools, and has great demand in national defense equipment. In the current global automobile manufacturing industry, the average dosage of aluminum alloy of each automobile exceeds 120kg, which accounts for about 10 percent of the total weight of the whole automobile, and the oil consumption can be reduced by 0.7L/100km when the weight of the automobile is reduced by 100kg, so that the lightweight design becomes the most key index for the design of the current fuel oil type and new energy vehicles, and the trend of replacing steel with aluminum is continuously increased.
As a vehicle body panel, in order to apply an aluminum alloy plate, it is necessary to form it into a desired shape by a press mold; the aluminum alloy plate can rebound in the bending process, and simultaneously, some appearance defects are generated, and the bending forming of the section is also influenced; the occurrence of these defects is related to the bending ability of the profile.
The bending capability refers to the difficulty of processing the section into a bending piece without defects, a certain curvature and a certain bending radius, which is determined by the geometric dimension, the bending degree and the material performance of the section, but the existing aluminum alloy section has a plurality of defects which are easy to generate in the bending process, such as: torsion, deformation of cross section, outer layer rupture after bending, inconsistent wall thickness of the outer layer and the inner layer of the section bar and the like seriously affect the using effect of the section bar. This puts higher demands on the alloy material and the preparation process thereof.
Compared with other manufacturing processes, the die-casting forming process of the aluminum alloy has the advantages of high production efficiency, high dimensional precision, excellent mechanical property, high material utilization rate and better economic benefit of mass production. In aluminum alloys for automobiles, die-cast aluminum alloys account for about 80% of other cast aluminum alloys, processed aluminum materials (plates, belts, foils, pipes, bars, shapes, wires, forgings, powders, pastes, etc.) account for only about 20%, and die-cast articles account for about 70% of the total amount of cast products, so die-cast aluminum alloy products account for about 54% to 70% of aluminum for automobiles. The Al-Si die casting alloy has the most extensive application because of small crystallization temperature interval, large silicon phase solidification crystallization latent heat and specific heat capacity, small linear shrinkage, good flowing property, filling property and small hot cracking and loosening tendency. Under actual casting conditions, namely unbalanced solidification, primary alpha-Al in a hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy microstructure is in a coarse dendritic shape, and the alloy performance is seriously influenced by a lamellar eutectic Si phase and a needle-shaped Fe-rich phase (such as beta-Al 5 FeSi). This is generally achieved by adding a rare earth element: refining crystal grains (refining primary alpha-Al), modifying eutectic Si (modifying the shape of the eutectic Si from a coarse plate shape which is easy to cause stress concentration into a fine fibrous shape and a coral shape with reduced stress concentration), and regulating precipitated phases (improving the type, the quantity, the size, the distribution and the like of the precipitated phases).
Practice shows that erbium has grain refining effect on aluminum and aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy is alloyed by adopting a trace amount of erbium, so that the strength and the ductility of the alloy can be effectively improved, the bending capacity of the aluminum alloy can be obviously improved, and the processing performance of the aluminum alloy can be improved. The invention aims to provide an erbium-containing aluminum-silicon alloy with light weight and good plasticity and a preparation process thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of poor bending capability of commercial aluminum alloy in the prior art, and provides a light-weight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation process of the aluminum-silicon alloy with light weight and good plasticity.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.05-0.20% of Er, and Si:6-8%, mg:0.4-0.5%, cu0.1-0.2%, cr0.1-0.2%, mn:0.2-0.3%, zn:0.01-0.2%, co0.2-0.7%, fe less than or equal to 0.2%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity has the composition proportion relation satisfying the following formulas (1), (2) and (3):
1≤({Mn}+{Co})/{Mg}≤2.5……(1)；
0.12≤({Er}+{Zn})/{Mg}≤1.0……(2)；
0.5≤({Er}+{Cu}+{Cr})/{Mg}≤1.5……(3)
wherein { Mn }, { Co }, { Mg }, { Zn }, { Er }, { Cr } and { Cu } respectively represent the weight percentages of Mn, co, mg, zn, er, cr and Cu in the aluminum-silicon alloy with good lightweight plasticity.
When the die casting process in the prior art is used for preparing the alloy, element segregation is easily generated in the solidification process, and the coarse eutectic structures are gathered at the crystal points due to the nonequilibrium crystallization effect generated when the alloy is rapidly cooled. Meanwhile, the rapid cooling of the alloy can generate strong internal stress in the matrix. Both the precipitation of non-equilibrium terms and the generation of internal stresses can cause a reduction in the workability of the material, affecting the properties (strength, toughness) of the final alloy article.
In the invention, the aluminum alloy is added with erbium, copper, chromium, magnesium, manganese and cobalt elements to realize high strength and toughness of the aluminum alloy, and experimental tests show that the addition of erbium can form stable, compact and uniform extension points in the alloy material to greatly improve the extension performance of the erbium-containing aluminum-silicon alloy, thereby improving the bending capacity of the aluminum alloy section and remarkably improving the processing performance.
Aiming at the weight percentage of each element, the inventor obtains the element weight percentage scheme of the invention through a large number of exploratory experiments and combination of different elements, wherein the percentage contents of the { Mn }, { Co }, { Mg }, { Zn }, { Er }, { Cr } and { Cu } elements are strictly controlled, the effect of refining aluminum dendrites and eutectic silicon can be achieved, the obdurability of the aluminum-silicon alloy is obviously improved, and the precipitation of unbalanced items of alloy elements is overcome through an effective heat treatment process. The aluminum-silicon alloy is lightened by regulating and controlling the components of the material, and the weight of the aluminum-silicon alloy is lightened by 6-8% which is equivalent to that of a new aluminum alloy material in the prior art.
In the invention, the content range epsilon (0.5-1.5) of ({ Er } + { Cu } + { Cr })/{ Mg }, the inventor of the application finds that the total content of ({ Er } + { Cu } + { Cr }) and the ratio of the content of { Mg } have obvious influence on the comprehensive performance of the aluminum-silicon alloy with good lightweight plasticity. If the total content of { Er } + { Cu } + { Cr }) is too low, the effect of solving the plasticity of weight reduction cannot be achieved, but the content of { Mg } is also correlated with the content of { Mg }, and the range of the amount of the present invention is selected in consideration of the above.
The addition of Co (cobalt) improves the strength better. Therefore, from the viewpoint of improving the alloy characteristics, the higher the amount of Co added, the better. However, since the solid solubility of Co in the aluminum matrix is relatively small, excessive addition is of no significance. If the content of Co is too small, it is difficult to effectively achieve the strength target of the present invention. Therefore, the content of Co must be controlled to 0.2 to 0.7%.
Preferably, the components of the aluminum-silicon alloy with light weight and good plasticity are as follows by weight percent:
0.1-0.15% of Er, si:6.5-7.5%, mg:0.45-0.5%, cu 0.15-0.2%, cr 0.15-0.2%, mn:0.2-0.25%, zn:0.05-0.1%, co 0.4-0.6%, fe 0.1-0.15%, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, wherein the lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity has a composition proportion relationship satisfying the following formulas (1), (2), and (3):
1.2≤({Mn}+{Co})/{Mg}≤1.889……(1)；
0.3≤({Er}+{Zn})/{Mg}≤0.556……(2)；
0.8≤({Er}+{Cu}+{Cr})/{Mg}≤1.223……(3)
wherein { Mn }, { Co }, { Mg }, { Zn }, { Er }, { Cr } and { Cu } respectively represent the weight percentages of Mn, co, mg, zn, er, cr and Cu in the aluminum-silicon alloy with good lightweight plasticity.
Preferably, the components of the aluminum-silicon alloy with light weight and good plasticity comprise the following components in percentage by weight:
0.15% of Er, si:7.5%, mg:0.5%, cu0.2%, cr 0.2%, mn:0.25%, zn:0.1%, co 0.5%, fe 0.15%, and the balance Al and unavoidable impurities.
Preferably, the alloy further contains one or two elements selected from Zr and Ti, and the total amount thereof is 0.5wt% or less.
Preferably, the total amount of any one or both of Zr and Ti does not exceed 0.25wt%.
As the other elements, zr and Ti may be contained as the case may be. Zr and Ti have the functions of refining the cast crystal grains and slowing down element segregation; when one or more of Zr and Ti elements are contained, the total content is preferably 0.01wt% or more in order to sufficiently exhibit the above-described various effects. However, when the content of each of the elements is too large, the hot workability or cold workability is likely to be lowered, and the cost of raw materials is likely to be increased. Therefore, the total content of these elements is preferably controlled to 0.25wt% or less.
Preferably, it has an average grain diameter of 8 to 12 μm. As a result of the detailed investigation by the present inventors, if the final average crystal grain size is 8 μm or more and 12 μm or less, the above-mentioned desired objects of the present invention for toughness and strength can be satisfied at the same time.
A preparation process of a lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity comprises the following steps:
step S1, smelting: preheating a melter at 380-400 ℃, heating to 750-780 ℃, adding part of aluminum ingots, adding the rest aluminum ingots after melting, adding Al-Si, al-Mn, al-Er, al-Cr and Al-Co after all the aluminum ingots are melted, then spraying a covering agent, slowly stirring after all the alloys are completely melted, cooling to 720-730 ℃, adding pure magnesium ingots, copper ingots, zinc ingots and iron ingots, uniformly stirring for melting, standing for 5-10min, and then adding Cl 6 C 2 Refining and degassing, skimming after degassing is finished, keeping the temperature and standing for 5-10min, then carrying out chemical component detection, and carrying out die casting after the content of each element reaches the standard;
step S2, die casting: carrying out standard extrusion casting on the smelted mixed aluminum liquid, controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 660-690 ℃, and controlling the temperature of a die at 200-220 ℃;
step S3, heat treatment: the casting is subjected to solution treatment at 530-550 ℃ for 4-8h, and then artificial aging at 160-180 ℃ is selected for 4-12h, or natural aging is selected for 12-24h.
Preferably, in step S1, the heating rate in the heating process is 1.5-2.0 ℃/min.
Preferably, the heat treatment in the step S3 adopts artificial aging treatment, and the treatment time is 6-8h.
Preferably, the heat treatment in the step S3 adopts natural aging treatment, and the treatment time is 16-20h.
In the embodiment of the invention, the performances after different aging treatment modes are as follows: after artificial aging treatment, the tensile strength is 342-372 Mpa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 221MP, and the elongation is 6-8%; after natural aging treatment, the tensile strength is 335-365 MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 212MPa, and the elongation is 7-8.5%. The strength performance of the material after artificial aging is improved to some extent compared with natural aging, but the elongation is reduced to some extent, and an aging treatment mode can be selected as required during actual production.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the high strength and toughness of the aluminum alloy are realized by adding erbium, copper, chromium, magnesium, manganese and cobalt elements into the aluminum-silicon alloy, and experimental tests show that the addition of erbium can form stable, compact and uniform extension points in the alloy material, so that the extension performance of the erbium-containing aluminum-silicon alloy is greatly improved, the bending capacity of the aluminum alloy section is further improved, and the processing performance is remarkably improved.
Aiming at the weight percentage of each element, the inventor obtains the element weight percentage scheme of the invention through a large number of exploratory experiments and combination of different elements, wherein the percentage contents of the { Mn }, { Co }, { Mg }, { Zn }, { Er }, { Cr } and { Cu } elements are strictly controlled, the effect of refining aluminum dendrites and eutectic silicon can be achieved, the obdurability of the aluminum-silicon alloy is obviously improved, and the precipitation of unbalanced items of alloy elements is overcome through an effective heat treatment process. The aluminum-silicon alloy is lightened by regulating and controlling the components of the material, and the weight of the aluminum-silicon alloy is lightened by 6-8% which is equivalent to that of a new aluminum alloy material in the prior art.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of specific examples.
Example 1:
the aluminum-silicon alloy with light weight and good plasticity comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.05% of Er, and Si:6%, mg:0.4%, cu 0.1%, cr 0.1%, mn:0.2%, zn:0.01%, co 0.2%, fe 0.1%, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, and the aluminum-silicon alloy having light weight and good plasticity satisfies the following formula (1), (2), and (3):
1 is less than or equal to ({ Mn } + { Co })/{ Mg } < 2.5 … … (1), specifically ({ Mn } + { Co })/{ Mg } =1;
0.12 ≦ ({ Er } + { Zn })/{ Mg } ≦ 1.0 … … (2), specifically ({ Er } + { Zn })/{ Mg } =0.375;
0.5 ≦ ({ Er } + { Cu } + { Cr })/{ Mg } ≦ 1.5 … … (3), specifically ({ Er } + { Cu } + { Cr })/{ Mg } =0.625;
wherein { Mn }, { Co }, { Mg }, { Zn }, { Er }, { Cr } and { Cu } respectively represent the weight percentages of Mn, co, mg, zn, er, cr and Cu in the aluminum-silicon alloy with good lightweight plasticity.
The aluminum-silicon alloy of example 1, which is lightweight and has good plasticity, has an average crystal grain diameter of 8 to 12 μm. The preparation process comprises the following steps:
step S1, smelting: preheating a melter 375-390 ℃, heating to 740-760 ℃, adding part of aluminum ingots, adding the rest aluminum ingots after melting, adding Al-Si, al-Mn, al-Er, al-Cr and Al-Co after all the aluminum ingots are melted, then spraying a covering agent, slowly stirring after all the alloys are completely melted, cooling to 710-725 ℃, adding pure magnesium ingots, copper ingots, zinc ingots and iron ingots, uniformly stirring for melting, standing for 5min, and then adding Cl 6 C 2 Refining and degassing, skimming after degassing, keeping the temperature and standing for 5min, detecting chemical components, and performing die casting after the content of each element reaches the standard;
step S2, die casting: carrying out standard extrusion casting on the smelted mixed aluminum liquid, controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid to be 655-670 ℃ and controlling the temperature of a die to be 200-205 ℃;
step S3, heat treatment: the casting is subjected to solution treatment for 4 to 5 hours at the temperature of between 525 and 535 ℃, and then artificial aging is carried out for 10 to 12 hours at the temperature of between 150 and 165 ℃.
In step S1, the heating rates in the heating process are all 1.5 ℃/min.
The lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity of the embodiment 1 has the tensile strength of 348MPa, the yield strength of 226MP and the elongation of 6.5 percent
Example 2:
the lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.20% of Er, si:8%, mg:0.5%, cu0.2%, cr 0.2%, mn:0.3%, zn:0.2%, co 0.7%, fe0.2%, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, and the aluminum-silicon alloy with light weight and good plasticity has a composition proportion relation satisfying the following formulas (1), (2) and (3):
1 is less than or equal to ({ Mn } + { Co })/{ Mg } < 2.5 … … (1), specifically ({ Mn } + { Co })/{ Mg } =2;
0.12 ≦ ({ Er } + { Zn })/{ Mg } ≦ 1.0 … … (2), specifically ({ Er } + { Zn })/{ Mg } =0.8;
0.5 ≦ ({ Er } + { Cu } + { Cr })/{ Mg } ≦ 1.5 … … (3), specifically ({ Er } + { Cu } + { Cr })/{ Mg } =1.2
Wherein { Mn }, { Co }, { Mg }, { Zn }, { Er }, { Cr } and { Cu } respectively represent the weight percentages of Mn, co, mg, zn, er, cr and Cu in the aluminum-silicon alloy with good lightweight plasticity.
The aluminum-silicon alloy with light weight and good plasticity of the embodiment 2 has an average grain diameter of 8 to 12 μm. The preparation process comprises the following steps:
step S1, smelting: preheating a melter at 390-400 ℃, heating to 770-780 ℃, adding part of aluminum ingots, adding the rest aluminum ingots after melting, adding Al-Si, al-Mn, al-Er, al-Cr and Al-Co after all the aluminum ingots are melted, then spraying a covering agent, slowly stirring all the alloys after all the alloys are melted, cooling to 725-730 ℃, adding pure magnesium ingots, copper ingots, zinc ingots and iron ingots, uniformly stirring for melting, standing for 5min, and then adding Cl 6 C 2 Refining and degassing, skimming after degassing is finished, keeping the temperature and standing for 10min, then carrying out chemical component detection, and carrying out die casting after the content of each element reaches the standard;
step S2, die casting: carrying out standard extrusion casting on the smelted mixed aluminum liquid, controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid to be 680-690 ℃, and controlling the temperature of a die to be 215-220 ℃;
step S3, heat treatment: the casting is subjected to solution treatment for 4-5h at 540-550 ℃, and natural aging is selected for 20-24h.
The lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity of the embodiment 2 has the tensile strength of 345Mpa, the yield strength of 226MP and the elongation of 8.0 percent
Example 3:
the lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.15% of Er, si:7.5%, mg:0.5%, cu0.2%, cr 0.2%, mn:0.25%, zn:0.1%, co 0.5%, fe 0.15%, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, and the aluminum-silicon alloy having light weight and good plasticity satisfies the following formula (1), (2), and (3):
({Mn}+{Co})/{Mg}＝2……(1)；
({Er}+{Zn})/{Mg}＝0.5……(2)；
({Er}+{Cu}+{Cr})/{Mg}＝1.1……(3)；
wherein { Mn }, { Co }, { Mg }, { Zn }, { Er }, { Cr } and { Cu } respectively represent the weight percentages of Mn, co, mg, zn, er, cr and Cu in the aluminum-silicon alloy with good lightweight plasticity.
Example 3 had an average grain diameter of 8-12 μm. The preparation process is the same as in example 1.
The lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity of the embodiment 3 has the tensile strength of 370Mpa, the yield strength of 232MP and the elongation of 7.2 percent
Comparative example 1:
a high strength Al-Si alloy has the same composition and weight percentage as example 3, except that no erbium is added, and the amount of erbium is replaced by Al.
The aluminum-silicon alloy of comparative example 1 has tensile strength of 332Mpa, yield strength of 198MP and elongation of 5.29%.
Comparative example 2:
an aluminum-silicon alloy having the same elemental composition as in example 3, except that 0.30% of Er, 0.30% of Si:6%, mg:0.3%, mn:0.2%, zn:0.2%, co 0.7%, fe0.2%, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, and has a composition ratio relationship satisfying the following formulae (1) and (2):
({Mn}+{Co})/{Mg}＝3……(1)；
({ Y } + { Zn })/{ Mg } ≦ 1.667 … … (2). The preparation process is the same as in example 3.
The aluminum-silicon alloy of the comparative example 2 has the tensile strength of 299Mpa, the yield strength of 192MP and the elongation of 5.8 percent
As is clear from examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2, the aluminum-silicon alloy can achieve high strength and toughness by adding erbium, copper, chromium, magnesium, manganese, and cobalt elements to the aluminum-silicon alloy.
With respect to the bending capability test, the inventors of the present application selected the alloy materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 and conducted the test as follows:
sample preparation: cutting into 10 × 1mm sheets, and drying in a drier;
bending test: the sample was repeatedly bent and twisted 1000 times.
The test results show that the bending capability of the sample in example 3 is strongest, the surface integrity of the sample is maintained to be the same after 1000 times of accumulative tests, no obvious cracks exist, and the samples in examples 1-2 also have better bending processing capability compared with the samples in comparative examples 1-2. The method has the advantages that stable, compact and uniform extension points can be formed in the alloy material, so that the extension performance of the erbium-containing aluminum-silicon alloy is greatly improved, the bending capability of the aluminum alloy section is further improved, and the processing performance is obviously improved.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The aluminum-silicon alloy with light weight and good plasticity is characterized in that the components in percentage by weight are as follows:
0.05-0.20% of Er, and the weight ratio of Si:6-8%, mg:0.4-0.5%, cu0.1-0.2%, cr0.1-0.2%, mn:0.2-0.3%, zn:0.01-0.2%, co0.2-0.7%, fe less than or equal to 0.2%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity has the composition proportion relation satisfying the following formulas (1), (2) and (3):
1≤({Mn}+{Co})/{Mg}≤2.5……(1)；
0.12≤({Er}+{Zn})/{Mg}≤1.0……(2)；
0.5≤({Er}+{Cu}+{Cr})/{Mg}≤1.5……(3)
wherein { Mn }, { Co }, { Mg }, { Zn }, { Er }, { Cr } and { Cu } respectively represent the weight percentages of Mn, co, mg, zn, er, cr and Cu in the aluminum-silicon alloy with good lightweight plasticity.
2. The lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity according to claim 1, wherein the components are as follows in percentage by weight:
0.1-0.15% of Er, si:6.5-7.5%, mg:0.45-0.5%, cu 0.15-0.2%, cr 0.15-0.2%, mn:0.2-0.25%, zn:0.05-0.1%, co 0.4-0.6%, fe 0.1-0.15%, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities, wherein the lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity has a composition proportion relationship satisfying the following formulas (1), (2), and (3):
1.2≤({Mn}+{Co})/{Mg}≤1.889……(1)；
0.3≤({Er}+{Zn})/{Mg}≤0.556……(2)；
0.8≤({Er}+{Cu}+{Cr})/{Mg}≤1.223……(3)
wherein { Mn }, { Co }, { Mg }, { Zn }, { Er }, { Cr } and { Cu } respectively represent the weight percentages of Mn, co, mg, zn, er, cr and Cu in the aluminum-silicon alloy with good lightweight plasticity.
3. The light-weight plastic aluminum-silicon alloy as claimed in claim 2, wherein the light-weight plastic aluminum-silicon alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.15% of Er, si:7.5%, mg:0.5%, cu0.2%, cr 0.2%, mn:0.25%, zn:0.1%, co 0.5%, fe 0.15%, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities.
4. The lightweight, highly plastic aluminum-silicon alloy according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising one or both of Zr and Ti, wherein the total amount thereof is 0.5wt% or less.
5. The lightweight, highly plastic aluminum-silicon alloy according to claim 4, wherein the total amount of one or both of Zr and Ti is not more than 0.25wt%.
6. The lightweight, highly plastic aluminum-silicon alloy according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized by having an average grain size of 8 to 12 μm.
7. A process for preparing a lightweight plastic aluminum-silicon alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that:
step S1, smelting: preheating a melter at 380-400 ℃, heating to 750-780 ℃, adding part of aluminum ingots, adding the rest aluminum ingots after melting, adding Al-Si, al-Mg, al-Mn, al-Er, al-Cu, al-Cr, al-Zn, al-Co and Al-Fe after all the aluminum ingots are melted, then spraying a covering agent, slowly stirring after all the alloys are completely melted, cooling to 720-730 ℃, standing for 5-10min, adding Cl 6 C 2 Refining and degassing, skimming after degassing, keeping the temperature and standing for 5-10min, and then die-casting;
step S2, die casting: carrying out standard extrusion casting on the smelted mixed aluminum liquid, controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 660-690 ℃, and controlling the temperature of a die at 200-220 ℃;
step S3, heat treatment: the casting is subjected to solution treatment at 530-550 ℃ for 4-8h, and then artificial aging at 160-180 ℃ is selected for 4-12h, or natural aging is selected for 12-24h.
8. The process for preparing the lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity according to claim 7, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the heating rates in the heating process are all 1.5-2.0 ℃/min.
9. The process for preparing a lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity according to claim 7, wherein the process comprises the following steps: and S3, adopting artificial aging treatment for the heat treatment, wherein the treatment time is 6-8h.
10. The process for preparing a lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity according to claim 7, wherein the process comprises the following steps: and S3, natural aging treatment is adopted for the heat treatment, and the treatment time is 16-20h.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211178670.3A CN115433857A (en) | 2022-09-27 | 2022-09-27 | Lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity and preparation process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211178670.3A CN115433857A (en) | 2022-09-27 | 2022-09-27 | Lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity and preparation process thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115433857A true CN115433857A (en) | 2022-12-06 |
Family
ID=84248192
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211178670.3A Pending CN115433857A (en) | 2022-09-27 | 2022-09-27 | Lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity and preparation process thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115433857A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115852211A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 四会市辉煌金属制品有限公司 | Heat treatment-free aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN116657005A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-29 | 保定市立中车轮制造有限公司 | Regenerated aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104630578A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-05-20 | 上海交通大学 | High-plasticity cast aluminum alloy and gravity casting preparation method thereof |
| CN105441737A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-30 | 上海交通大学 | High-strength high-corrosion-resistance cast aluminum alloy and gravity casting manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112941377A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-11 | 北京工业大学 | Er-containing cast heat-resistant Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy |
| CN113174516A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-27 | 浙江极铝新材料有限公司 | Scandium-containing high-strength high-toughness aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation process thereof |
| CN113234970A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-08-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Er-containing high-strength and high-toughness cast aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113684402A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-23 | 连云港星耀材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method and processing equipment of rare earth aluminum alloy steering knuckle with good toughness |
-
2022
- 2022-09-27 CN CN202211178670.3A patent/CN115433857A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104630578A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-05-20 | 上海交通大学 | High-plasticity cast aluminum alloy and gravity casting preparation method thereof |
| CN105441737A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-30 | 上海交通大学 | High-strength high-corrosion-resistance cast aluminum alloy and gravity casting manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112941377A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-11 | 北京工业大学 | Er-containing cast heat-resistant Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy |
| CN113174516A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-27 | 浙江极铝新材料有限公司 | Scandium-containing high-strength high-toughness aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation process thereof |
| CN113234970A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-08-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Er-containing high-strength and high-toughness cast aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113684402A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-23 | 连云港星耀材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method and processing equipment of rare earth aluminum alloy steering knuckle with good toughness |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115852211A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 四会市辉煌金属制品有限公司 | Heat treatment-free aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN116657005A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-29 | 保定市立中车轮制造有限公司 | Regenerated aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN116657005B (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-12-12 | 保定市立中车轮制造有限公司 | Regenerated aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110551924B (en) | Aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN110669964B (en) | High-performance rare earth Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy extrusion material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110066932A (en) | A kind of anti-corrosion 6xxx line aluminium alloy of medium weldability and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115433857A (en) | Lightweight aluminum-silicon alloy with good plasticity and preparation process thereof | |
| CN114457263B (en) | High-strength high-toughness high-heat-conductivity die-casting aluminum alloy and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN112662921B (en) | High-strength and high-toughness die-casting aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110592444B (en) | 700-doped 720 MPa-strength heat-resistant high-intergranular corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113174516B (en) | Scandium-containing high-strength high-toughness aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation process thereof | |
| CN115261684A (en) | Cast Al-Si alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111636018A (en) | High-thermal-conductivity aluminum alloy and casting method thereof | |
| CN112048649A (en) | Aluminum alloy, preparation method thereof and automobile casting | |
| CN115261683B (en) | Water quenching-free high-strength and high-toughness cast Al-Si alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112695230A (en) | High-elongation heat-resistant aluminum alloy vehicle part and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111074111A (en) | High-strength cast aluminum-silicon alloy and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN115961186A (en) | Die-casting aluminum alloy material and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN112779443A (en) | Aluminum alloy and aluminum alloy structural part | |
| CN115537613A (en) | New energy automobile motor shell aluminum alloy and forming method thereof | |
| CN114032423A (en) | Aluminum alloy for automobile anti-collision beam and preparation method thereof | |
| CN116590583A (en) | High-strength and high-toughness cast aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof | |
| KR100508697B1 (en) | Aluminum Alloy of 6XXX Series and Molded Parts Using It | |
| KR100909699B1 (en) | Aluminum alloy with improved impact energy and extrusion made from the same | |
| CN113718144A (en) | High-plasticity high-elastic-modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN111996419A (en) | Iron-containing hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115572865A (en) | Yttrium-containing antioxidant high-strength aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation process thereof | |
| CN114672674B (en) | Casting-rolling high-strength high-toughness aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |