CN113718144A - High-plasticity high-elastic-modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
High-plasticity high-elastic-modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113718144A CN113718144A CN202111019915.3A CN202111019915A CN113718144A CN 113718144 A CN113718144 A CN 113718144A CN 202111019915 A CN202111019915 A CN 202111019915A CN 113718144 A CN113718144 A CN 113718144A
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- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
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- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention provides a high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 13 to 14 percent, Cu: 0-0.4%, Mg: 0.2-0.4%, Mn: 0-0.5%, Cr: 0-0.5%, Zr: 0-0.25%, Zn: 0-0.5%, Ti: 0.05-0.25%, Re: 0 to 0.5%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; the total impurity content in the alloy is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, Fe is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the content of the other single impurity is less than or equal to 0.1 percent. The proportion of the alloy elements in the invention ensures that the alloy has high strength and high elastic modulus and can keep good plasticity, the room-temperature tensile strength is 250-300 MPa, the elongation is 5-10%, and the elastic modulus is more than 78GPa under the state of T6.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of cast aluminum alloy, and particularly relates to a high-plasticity high-elasticity-modulus aluminum-silicon cast alloy and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The aluminum alloy has the characteristics of small density, high specific strength and specific stiffness, good corrosion resistance, excellent electric and thermal conductivity, easiness in recovery, good low-temperature performance and the like, is widely applied to automobile manufacturing, plays an important role in realizing the light weight of automobiles, and has obvious advantages in realizing weight reduction, improving the fuel utilization rate and increasing the output power. In aluminum alloys for automobiles, the cast aluminum alloy accounts for up to 80%. The cast aluminum alloy has good fluidity and mold filling capability and moderate mechanical property, and can be widely used for replacing cast iron materials and used for manufacturing structural members such as engine parts, cylinder covers, wheels, bumpers and the like. Aluminum alloys also have potential applications in automotive brake systems.
The requirements of the automobile parts on the preparation materials are very high. Brake calipers are important components of automotive brake systems and are required to have high strength, high modulus of elasticity and high elongation. This presents a significant challenge to alloy design. Generally, measures to increase the elastic modulus of an alloy will decrease the plasticity of the alloy. The hypereutectic aluminum-silicon casting alloy has higher elastic modulus, and particularly the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon casting alloy with high silicon content has the elastic modulus reaching 80 GPa. However, the plasticity of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon casting alloys is very low, and the existing commercial hypereutectic aluminum-silicon casting alloys of several grades generally do not exceed 1%. For example, in the state of alloy A390 and T6, the elastic modulus is as high as 81.2GPa, but the elongation is as low as 1% (data from aluminum and alloy materials handbook, Wu Gong Yao Lizhong Li Zhengxia Peng Qing Zhao De et al, science publishing Co., 1994.03). As the Si content in the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy is increased, the number of primary Si phases is obviously increased, the size is obviously increased, and the plasticity of the alloy is greatly reduced. A common modifier for hypereutectic aluminum silicon alloys is element P. The size of the primary Si phase can be greatly reduced by the modification of P, but P has no modification effect on the eutectic Si. The eutectic Si which is not subjected to deterioration and refinement has relatively coarse particles after heat treatment, so that the alloy has almost no plasticity and the elongation is generally low. Measures to increase the plasticity of the alloy will in turn reduce the modulus of elasticity. For example, the widely used A356 alloy has tensile strength of 260MPa and elongation of 5% in the T6 state, but has an elastic modulus of only 72.4 GPa; it is difficult to achieve simultaneous improvement of the elastic modulus and the plasticity. And if the elongation and the elastic modulus of the alloy can be simultaneously improved, the alloy has wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-plasticity high-elasticity-modulus aluminum-silicon series casting alloy and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming at developing an aluminum alloy with high elasticity modulus and high elongation for automobile brake calipers. The high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy can be applied to automobile parts with special requirements on elasticity modulus and plasticity.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
si: 13 to 14 percent, Cu: 0-0.4%, Mg: 0.2-0.4%, Mn: 0-0.5%, Cr: 0-0.5%, Zr: 0-0.25%, Zn: 0-0.5%, Ti: 0.05-0.25%, Re: 0 to 0.5%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Furthermore, the total content of impurities in the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, Fe is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the content of the other single impurities is less than or equal to 0.1 percent.
Further, the high-plasticity high-elasticity-modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy has a room-temperature tensile strength of 250-300 MPa, an elongation of 5-10% and an elasticity modulus of more than 78GPa in a T6 state.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy based on the components, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing raw materials of each component according to the content of each component of the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy;
step 2: heating and melting raw material Al to obtain an aluminum melt; adding other raw materials except Mg into the aluminum melt until the raw materials are molten, adding the raw material Mg, and stirring uniformly after the Mg is molten to obtain an alloy melt; in the whole smelting process, controlling the temperature of the alloy melt to be 680-800 ℃;
and step 3: adding a refining agent into the alloy melt for refining, and then adding a Sr alterant for alteration to obtain an altered alloy melt;
and 4, step 4: degassing the modified alloy melt, slagging off, standing at 680-760 ℃ for 10-60 min to obtain a metal liquid, and casting to obtain an aluminum-silicon casting alloy;
and 5:
the aluminum-silicon casting alloy is subjected to solid solution-aging treatment to obtain the high-plasticity high-elasticity-modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy.
Further, in the step 3, the refining agent is a refining agent capable of refining the alloy melt, such as an RJ-1 refining agent; the adding mass of the refining agent is 0.2-0.8% of the total mass of the alloy melt, the refining temperature is 700-780 ℃, and the refining time is 20-60 min.
Further, in the step 3, the Sr alterant is an Al-10Sr alloy alterant, and the addition amount of the alterant is 0.02-0.06 percent of the residual mass percentage of Sr in the alloy melt after the alteration.
Further, in the step 4, degassing is performed by introducing argon or nitrogen into the alloy melt after modification by using a degassing machine.
Further, in the step 4, during casting, metal mold casting is adopted to increase the cooling speed of the metal liquid, and the cooling speed of the metal liquid is 10 according to different casting sizes0-102The temperature/s is in a sub-rapid solidification range, so that the metal liquid is solidified in a sub-rapid cooling state.
Further, in the step 5, the solution treatment process comprises: preserving heat for 2-12 h at 500-550 ℃; the aging treatment process comprises the following steps: preserving the heat for 2-12 h at 120-220 ℃.
Further, in the step 1, the raw material Si is metal silicon and/or aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy; the raw material Cu is an aluminum-copper intermediate alloy and/or a copper additive; the raw material Mg is an industrial pure magnesium ingot; the raw material Mn is an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and/or a manganese additive; the raw material Cr is an aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy and/or a chromium additive; the raw material Zr is an aluminum zirconium intermediate alloy; the raw material Ti is an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy and/or a titanium additive; the raw material Zn is an industrial pure zinc ingot; re is La or/and Ce, the raw material Re is an aluminum-lanthanum intermediate alloy or an aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy or an aluminum- (lanthanum-cerium mixed rare earth) intermediate alloy; the raw material Al is one or more of aluminum ingot, remelting aluminum ingot or casting aluminum alloy ingot.
The invention also provides application of the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy in preparing high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus products, including automobile brake calipers and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the Si content is 13-14%, and by increasing the Si content to slight hypereutectic, the silicon particles in the alloy are increased, so that the elastic modulus of the alloy is increased; according to the invention, the sub-rapid solidification is utilized to refine the primary silicon, Sr is utilized to effectively modify the eutectic Si, eutectic silicon is refined to the maximum extent, and through heat treatment, silicon spherulites are formed, so that the damage of the mechanical property of silicon relative to the alloy is greatly reduced;
(2) the proportion of each alloy element in the invention ensures that the alloy has high strength, high elastic modulus and good plasticity; the Mg content of the alloy is controlled to be 0.2-0.4%, the plasticity of the alloy is improved, and the negative influence of the alloy on the elongation is reduced; meanwhile, other alloy elements are introduced, so that the number of particles in the alloy is further increased, and the elastic modulus and the strength of the alloy are effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of a high-plasticity high-elastic-modulus aluminum-silicon cast alloy prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure diagram of a high-plasticity high-elastic-modulus aluminum-silicon cast alloy prepared according to comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that those who do not specify specific conditions in the examples are performed according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by manufacturers; the reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially. In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below; the embodiment of the invention provides a high-plasticity high-elastic modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy, and the following specific embodiment is used for describing the high-plasticity high-elastic modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy and the preparation method thereof in detail; each example was prepared with 100kg of alloy.
The remelting aluminum ingot selected in the embodiment of the invention is Al99.70 in the national standard GB/T1196-2008 remelting aluminum ingot, and the aluminum content is not less than 99.70 wt%; or scrap remelting aluminum ingots; when Mn element is added, Al-10Mn intermediate alloy or 75Mn agent (aluminum alloy additive with Mn content of 75 percent in mass percent) is selected; when adding Si element, selecting Al-30Si intermediate alloy; when Mg element is added, metal magnesium is selected; when adding Cu element, selecting Al-50Cu intermediate alloy; when adding Ti element, selecting Al-10Ti intermediate alloy or 75Ti agent (aluminum alloy additive with Ti content of 75%); when Zr element is added, Al-10Zr intermediate alloy is selected. The pre-alloyed cast aluminum alloy ingot commonly used in the casting industry, such as the aluminum ingot in the national standard GB/T8733-2016 cast aluminum alloy ingot, can also be used for adjusting the alloy components on the basis to achieve the component target.
In the degassing in the embodiment of the invention, argon is introduced into the added aluminum water by using a degassing machine, and the flow of the argon is 0.2-0.3 m3/h。
Example 1
A preparation method of high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing raw materials of the components according to the content of the components of the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy in the table 1;
step 2: heating and melting raw material Al to obtain an aluminum melt; adding other raw materials except Mg into the aluminum melt until the raw materials are molten, adding the raw material Mg, and stirring uniformly after the Mg is molten to obtain an alloy melt; in the whole smelting process, the temperature of the alloy melt is controlled to be 720 ℃;
and step 3: adding an RJ-1 refining agent into the alloy melt, wherein the addition amount of the refining agent is 0.4 percent of the total weight of the cast alloy melt, controlling the refining temperature to be 720 ℃ and the refining time to be 30 min; adding an Al-10Sr alterant for alteration to obtain an altered alloy melt, wherein the Sr residual amount in the altered alloy melt is 0.03%;
and 4, step 4: degassing the modified alloy melt, slagging off, standing at 720 ℃ for 30min to obtain a metal liquid, and casting by using a casting machine to obtain the aluminum-silicon casting alloy, wherein the casting mold is a metal mold, and the cooling speed is 5.8 ℃/s through the determination of a solidification curve;
and 5:
and carrying out solid solution-aging treatment on the aluminum-silicon casting alloy, wherein the solid solution treatment process is to keep the temperature at 520 ℃ for 6h, and the aging process is to keep the temperature at 150 ℃ for 6h to obtain the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy.
The prepared high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon series casting alloy product is subjected to room temperature tensile property test, the room temperature tensile property is shown in table 1 in a T6 state, and the product has high strength and high elasticity modulus and elongation; FIG. 1 shows the metallographic structure of a high-plasticity high-elastic-modulus aluminum-silicon cast alloy.
Example 2
A preparation method of high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing raw materials of the components according to the content of the components of the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy in the table 1;
step 2: heating and melting raw material Al to obtain an aluminum melt; adding other raw materials except Mg into the aluminum melt until the raw materials are molten, adding the raw material Mg, and stirring uniformly after the Mg is molten to obtain an alloy melt; in the whole smelting process, the temperature of the alloy melt is controlled to be 715 ℃;
and step 3: adding an RJ-1 refining agent into the alloy melt, wherein the addition amount of the refining agent is 0.5 percent of the total weight of the cast alloy melt, controlling the refining temperature to be 715 ℃ and the refining time to be 25 min; adding Al-10Sr alterant for alteration to obtain an altered alloy melt, wherein the Sr residual amount in the altered alloy melt is 0.035%;
and 4, step 4: degassing the modified alloy melt, slagging off, standing at 715 ℃ for 25min to obtain a metal liquid, and casting by using a casting machine to obtain the aluminum-silicon casting alloy, wherein the casting mold is a metal mold, and the cooling speed is 7.6 ℃/s through the determination of a solidification curve;
and 5:
and carrying out solid solution-aging treatment on the aluminum-silicon casting alloy, wherein the solid solution treatment process is to keep the temperature at 525 ℃ for 6h, and the aging process is to keep the temperature at 150 ℃ for 6h to obtain the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy.
The room temperature tensile property test of the prepared high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon series casting alloy product is carried out, and the room temperature tensile property under the state of T6 is shown in table 1.
Example 3
A preparation method of high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing raw materials of the components according to the content of the components of the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy in the table 1;
step 2: heating and melting raw material Al to obtain an aluminum melt; adding other raw materials except Mg into the aluminum melt until the raw materials are molten, adding the raw material Mg, and stirring uniformly after the Mg is molten to obtain an alloy melt; in the whole smelting process, the temperature of the alloy melt is controlled to be 735 ℃;
and step 3: adding an RJ-1 refining agent into the alloy melt, wherein the addition amount of the refining agent is 0.6 percent of the total weight of the cast alloy melt, the refining temperature is controlled to be 735 ℃, and the refining time is 35 min; adding an Al-10Sr alterant for alteration to obtain an altered alloy melt, wherein the Sr residual amount in the altered alloy melt is 0.04%;
and 4, step 4: degassing the modified alloy melt, slagging off, standing at 735 ℃ for 30min to obtain a metal liquid, and casting by using a casting machine to obtain the aluminum-silicon casting alloy, wherein the casting mold is a metal mold, and the cooling speed is 5.6 ℃/s through the determination of a solidification curve;
and 5:
and carrying out solid solution-aging treatment on the aluminum-silicon casting alloy, wherein the solid solution treatment process is to keep the temperature at 510 ℃ for 8 hours, and the aging process is to keep the temperature at 180 ℃ for 4 hours, so as to obtain the high-plasticity high-elasticity-modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy.
The room temperature tensile property test of the prepared high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon series casting alloy product is carried out, and the room temperature tensile property under the state of T6 is shown in table 1.
Example 4
A preparation method of high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing raw materials of the components according to the content of the components of the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy in the table 1;
step 2: heating and melting raw material Al to obtain an aluminum melt; adding other raw materials except Mg into the aluminum melt until the raw materials are molten, adding the raw material Mg, and stirring uniformly after the Mg is molten to obtain an alloy melt; in the whole smelting process, the temperature of the alloy melt is controlled to be 725 ℃;
and step 3: adding an RJ-1 refining agent into the alloy melt, wherein the addition amount of the refining agent is 0.6 percent of the total weight of the cast alloy melt, controlling the refining temperature to be 725 ℃, and the refining time to be 35 min; adding an Al-10Sr alterant for alteration to obtain an altered alloy melt, wherein the Sr residual amount in the altered alloy melt is 0.045%;
and 4, step 4: degassing the modified alloy melt, slagging off, standing at 725 ℃ for 30min to obtain a metal liquid, and casting by using a casting machine to obtain the aluminum-silicon casting alloy, wherein the casting mold is a metal mold, and the cooling speed is 9.8 ℃/s through the determination of a solidification curve;
and 5:
and carrying out solid solution-aging treatment on the aluminum-silicon casting alloy, wherein the solid solution treatment process is to keep the temperature at 530 ℃ for 4h, and the aging process is to keep the temperature at 130 ℃ for 8h to obtain the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy.
The room temperature tensile property test of the prepared high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon series casting alloy product is carried out, and the room temperature tensile property under the state of T6 is shown in table 1.
Example 5
A preparation method of high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing raw materials of the components according to the content of the components of the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy in the table 1;
step 2: heating and melting raw material Al to obtain an aluminum melt; adding other raw materials except Mg into the aluminum melt until the raw materials are molten, adding the raw material Mg, and stirring uniformly after the Mg is molten to obtain an alloy melt; in the whole smelting process, the temperature of the alloy melt is controlled to be 710 ℃;
and step 3: adding an RJ-1 refining agent into the alloy melt, wherein the addition amount of the refining agent is 0.3 percent of the total weight of the cast alloy melt, controlling the refining temperature to be 710 ℃ and the refining time to be 40 min; adding Al-10Sr alterant for alteration to obtain an altered alloy melt, wherein the Sr residual amount in the altered alloy melt is 0.035%;
and 4, step 4: degassing the modified alloy melt, slagging off, standing at 710 ℃ for 40min to obtain a metal liquid, and casting by using a casting machine to obtain the aluminum-silicon casting alloy, wherein the casting mold is a metal mold, and the cooling speed is 15.4 ℃/s through the determination of a solidification curve;
and 5:
and carrying out solid solution-aging treatment on the aluminum-silicon casting alloy, wherein the solid solution treatment process is to keep the temperature at 520 ℃ for 6h, and the aging process is to keep the temperature at 150 ℃ for 6h to obtain the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy.
The room temperature tensile property test of the prepared high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon series casting alloy product is carried out, and the room temperature tensile property under the state of T6 is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
The alloy composition and preparation method were the same as in example 1, except that the modifier was used. In the comparative example, Al-3P alterant was used for alteration, and the residual P content in the alloy after alteration was 0.008%. The obtained alloy product was subjected to room temperature tensile property test, and the room temperature tensile property in the T6 state is shown in Table 1.
The eutectic composition of the Al-Si alloy is 12.8% of Si, the primary Si phase usually appears in hypereutectic Al-Si alloys, and the number of the primary Si phase in the alloys is obviously increased and the size is obviously increased along with the increase of the Si content, so that the plasticity of the alloys is greatly reduced. Although the size of the primary Si phase can be made very small by the modification with P, P has no modification effect on the eutectic Si. The heat treatment has a crushing effect on the eutectic Si, but for the eutectic Si which is not subjected to deterioration refinement, the eutectic Si is relatively coarse after the heat treatment, so that the alloy has almost no plasticity, the elongation is usually low, and the use of the alloy is seriously hindered, so that the Al-Si alloy with high Si content is usually only applied to the field needing high wear resistance.
The invention combines Sr modification and sub-rapid solidification, the sub-rapid solidification enables the primary Si phase to be obviously refined, and the Sr modification enables the eutectic silicon to be obviously refined. FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of Sr modified example 1; FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure diagram of comparative example 1 in which P is degenerated. It can be seen that the eutectic Si structure in example 1 is significantly refined, thereby achieving better elongation. In alloys with relatively low Si content (example 3), the alloys also exhibited a higher modulus of elasticity, which is related to the content of Mn, Cr, Zr, Re in the alloy. The elements Cu, Zn and Mg may improve the tensile strength of the alloy. Mg has an important influence on the elongation of the alloy. Comparing example 1 and example 2, it was found that reducing the Mg content significantly increased the elongation of the alloy.
TABLE 1 chemical composition (wt%) and Properties of high-plasticity high-elastic modulus Al-Si based casting alloys
The technical idea of the present invention is described in the above technical solutions, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes and modifications made to the above technical solutions according to the technical essence of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
si: 13 to 14 percent, Cu: 0-0.4%, Mg: 0.2-0.4%, Mn: 0-0.5%, Cr: 0-0.5%, Zr: 0-0.25%, Zn: 0-0.5%, Ti: 0.05-0.25%, Re: 0 to 0.5%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
2. The aluminum-silicon casting alloy with high plasticity and high elastic modulus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the total content of impurities in the aluminum-silicon casting alloy with high plasticity and high elastic modulus is less than or equal to 1.0%, Fe is less than or equal to 0.5%, and the content of the other single impurities is less than or equal to 0.1%.
3. The aluminum-silicon casting alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aluminum-silicon casting alloy has a tensile strength of 250 to 300MPa at room temperature, an elongation of 5 to 10% and an elastic modulus of more than 78GPa at T6.
4. The method for preparing a high-plasticity high-elastic modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing raw materials of each component according to the content of each component of the high-plasticity high-elasticity modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy;
step 2: heating and melting raw material Al to obtain an aluminum melt; adding other raw materials except Mg into the aluminum melt until the raw materials are molten, adding the raw material Mg, and stirring uniformly after the Mg is molten to obtain an alloy melt; in the whole smelting process, controlling the temperature of the alloy melt to be 680-800 ℃;
and step 3: adding a refining agent into the alloy melt for refining, and then adding a Sr alterant for alteration to obtain an altered alloy melt;
and 4, step 4: degassing the modified alloy melt, slagging off, standing at 680-760 ℃ for 10-60 min to obtain a metal liquid, and casting to obtain an aluminum-silicon casting alloy;
and 5:
the aluminum-silicon casting alloy is subjected to solid solution-aging treatment to obtain the high-plasticity high-elasticity-modulus aluminum-silicon casting alloy.
5. The production method according to claim 4, wherein in step 1, the raw material Si is metallic silicon and/or an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy; the raw material Cu is an aluminum-copper intermediate alloy and/or a copper additive; the raw material Mg is an industrial pure magnesium ingot; the raw material Mn is an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and/or a manganese additive; the raw material Cr is an aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy and/or a chromium additive, and the raw material Zr is an aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy; the raw material Ti is an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy and/or a titanium additive; the raw material Zn is an industrial pure zinc ingot; re is La or/and Ce, the raw material Re is an aluminum-lanthanum intermediate alloy or an aluminum-cerium intermediate alloy or an aluminum- (lanthanum-cerium mixed rare earth) intermediate alloy; the raw material Al is one or more of aluminum ingot, remelting aluminum ingot or casting aluminum alloy ingot.
6. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein in the step 3, the refining agent is a refining agent having a refining effect on the alloy melt, the adding mass of the refining agent is 0.2-0.8% of the total mass of the alloy melt, the refining temperature is 700-780 ℃, and the refining time is 20-60 min.
7. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein in the step 3, the Sr alterant is Al-10Sr alloy alterant, and the addition amount of the alterant is 0.02-0.06 percent of the residual mass percentage of Sr in the alloy melt after the alteration.
8. The production method according to claim 4, wherein in the step 4, the metal mold casting is adopted when the casting is cast, and the cooling rate of the metal liquid is controlled to 10 according to the size of the casting0-102And (4) solidifying the metal liquid in a sub-rapid cooling state at the temperature of DEG C/s.
9. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step 5, the solution treatment process comprises: preserving heat for 2-12 h at 500-550 ℃; the aging treatment process comprises the following steps: preserving the heat for 2-12 h at 120-220 ℃.
10. Use of a high-plasticity high-elastic-modulus aluminum-silicon cast alloy according to claim 1, 2 or 3 for preparing high-plasticity high-elastic-modulus products.
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| CN115261684A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-01 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Cast Al-Si alloy and preparation method thereof |
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