CN109593293A - 一种无缝木塑地板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种无缝木塑地板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109593293A
CN109593293A CN201811376716.6A CN201811376716A CN109593293A CN 109593293 A CN109593293 A CN 109593293A CN 201811376716 A CN201811376716 A CN 201811376716A CN 109593293 A CN109593293 A CN 109593293A
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wood
plastic
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高威威
方晓钟
肖磊
王潇翔
姚红焱
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Anhui Guofeng Wood Plastic Technology Co Ltd
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Anhui Guofeng Wood Plastic Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种无缝木塑地板，包括塑胶层和木塑层，所述塑胶层包括上层耐磨层和下层强韧层，所述木塑层包括至少两层PVC基木塑复合层，所述耐磨层通过热塑胶黏合在强韧层上，所述塑胶层与多层PVC基木塑复合层通过热压形成无缝木塑地板，无缝木塑地板一侧设有母槽、另一侧设有母槽盖边，所述母槽内侧槽边设有下凹口，所述母槽盖边外侧设有外凸板，所述外凸板刚好贴合在下凹口，所述母槽的槽内涂抹有水性TPU，所述木塑层底面涂有防水油漆。本发明的无缝木塑地板具有抗老化、抗氧化、耐磨损、使用寿命长、拼接后无缝隙等优点。

Description

一种无缝木塑地板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于木塑复合材料技术领域，具体涉及一种无缝木塑地板及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，在装修领域中，室内地面铺装材料一般为各种木质地板或复合木地板。木质地板的脚感比较舒适，但在使用时常出现膨胀变形，翘曲开裂等问题。而木塑地板是一种新型环保木塑复合材料产品，主要由木质粉植物纤维与热塑性高分子材料和加工助剂等复合而成，混合均匀后再经模具设备加热挤出成型而制成的高科技绿色环保材料，兼有木材和塑料的性能与特征，能替代木材和塑料的新型环保高科技材料。随着时代的发展，一些特殊地板的需求也越来越大，例如篮球场地板。篮球场地板要求具有较好的防滑性能和缓冲性能，国内球场主要采用的是PU球场，丙烯酸球场和EPDM几种，这几种橡胶和塑料材料在使用时都易褪色，不耐脏且较易开裂起泡现象。
木塑地板虽具有轻便、价格便宜等优点，但耐水性、耐磨性、抗老化性较差，机械性能低，不稳定，遇水后同样会起翘，使用寿命短，不易被人民所喜爱接收。同时，在拼接时，相邻木塑地板之间在拼装时会产生缝隙，长时间实用会在缝隙内留有大量灰尘不易清理。
发明内容
本发明的目的正是为了解决上述问题，而提出一种无缝木塑地板，该地板具有抗老化、抗氧化、耐磨损、使用寿命长、拼接后无缝隙等优点。
本发明提供了一种无缝木塑地板，包括塑胶层和木塑层，所述塑胶层包括上层耐磨层和下层强韧层，所述木塑层包括至少两层PVC基木塑复合层，所述耐磨层通过热塑胶黏合在强韧层上，所述塑胶层与多层PVC基木塑复合层通过热压形成无缝木塑地板，无缝木塑地板一侧设有母槽、另一侧设有母槽盖边，所述母槽内侧槽边设有下凹口，所述母槽盖边外侧设有外凸板，所述外凸板刚好贴合在下凹口，所述母槽的槽内涂抹有水性TPU，所述木塑层底面涂有防水油漆。
作为优选手段，所述木塑层包括三层PVC基木塑复合层，分别为上层发泡PVC基木塑复合层、中层PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和下层PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层。
作为进一步地优选手段，所述发泡PVC基木塑复合层包括聚氯乙烯PVC100-120份、植物纤维80-100份、增塑剂50-80份、偶联剂10-12份、光稳定剂10-12份、相容剂8-10份、发泡剂1-3份。
作为进一步地优选手段，所述PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层包括聚氯乙烯PVC100-120份、植物纤维200-300份、无机填料50-80份、增塑剂40-80份、碳酸钙20-25份、热稳定剂5-10份、偶联剂10-15份。
作为进一步地优选手段，所述PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层包括聚氯乙烯PVC100-120份、植物纤维100-150份、增塑剂30-50份、热稳定剂5-7份、偶联剂9-12份、抗老剂1-5份、补强剂2-5份、滑石粉2-5份、着色剂0.5-2.0份、阻燃剂1-2份。
一种无缝木塑地板的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)木塑层的各个层的板材成型：
1)称取配方组份：准确称量发泡PVC基木塑复合层、PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层三组材料组份，将其分别放入到高速混合机中混合，得各层混合料；
2)注塑成型：将步骤1)中三组材料组份分别放入到注塑机中，热压定型10min，形成三层的复合板材；
3)木塑层成型：将发泡PVC基木塑复合层、PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层三层板材依次从上往下放置，然后放入到热压定型机中热压定型形成木塑层；
(2)无缝木塑地板加工
1)木塑地板原始材制备：将塑胶层贴合在木塑层上，然后在热压定型机中热压定型10min，形成木塑地板板材；
2)板材切割：用切割机对木塑地板板材两侧进行切割形成带有母槽和母槽盖边的无缝木塑地板；
3)涂抹水性TPU：在无缝木塑地板拼装前，在地板的母槽的槽内涂抹水性TPU，底面涂有防水油漆，然后完成拼装。
作为进一步地优选手段，在木塑层成型过程中中热压定型机条件参数为：温度130-150℃，压力120-130Mpa下定型10-15min。
作为进一步地优选手段，所述水性TPU涂抹厚度为2-3mm。
本发明有益效果：1、木塑地板要具有韧性和耐磨性，不然很容易断裂，且表面容易磨损，本发明在制备木塑地板时在设置了一层耐磨面，然后在耐磨面下增设一层强度和韧性较好的强韧层，提高了木塑地板的使用寿命。
2、木塑层从上至下依次为发泡PVC基木塑复合层、PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层，由于发泡PVC基木塑复合层的柔软性较好，这样不会过硬与强韧层接触，且在人踩踏在耐磨层表面时，整个无缝木塑地板受压，发泡PVC基木塑复合层起到缓从压力作用，减小了PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层的损伤，而PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层具有很好的抗老化、抗氧化的材料层，而木塑地板在铺设在地面上时，长时间下木塑地板与地面之间处于阴暗、潮湿状态，木塑地板底面容易老化、腐蚀、氧化，由于PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层的下表面涂有防水油漆，起到了防腐的效果，且该层也具有很好的抗老化、抗氧化作用，使得整个木塑地板寿命延长。
3、无缝木塑地板母槽内涂有水性TPU，无缝木塑地板在拼接时，水性TPU起到密封橡胶作用，使得拼接口密封性好，同时，母槽盖边处的外凸板贴合在母槽内侧槽边的下凹口处，使得无缝木塑地板在拼接后无缝隙。
附图说明
图1是本发明提出的一种无缝木塑地板结构示意图。
图中：1、无缝木塑地板；2、下凹口；3、母槽；4、下凹口；5、外凸板。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述：
实施例1
本发明的一种无缝木塑地板，包括塑胶层和木塑层，所述塑胶层包括上层耐磨层和下层强韧层，所述木塑层包括至少两层PVC基木塑复合层，所述耐磨层通过热塑胶黏合在强韧层上，所述塑胶层与多层PVC基木塑复合层通过热压形成无缝木塑地板，无缝木塑地板一侧设有母槽、另一侧设有母槽盖边，所述母槽内侧槽边设有下凹口，所述母槽盖边外侧设有外凸板，所述外凸板刚好贴合在下凹口，所述母槽的槽内涂抹有水性TPU，木塑层底面涂有防水油漆。
所述木塑层包括上层发泡PVC基木塑复合层、中层PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和下层PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层。
所述发泡PVC基木塑复合层包括聚氯乙烯PVC120份、植物纤维100份、增塑剂80份、偶联剂12份、光稳定剂12份、相容剂10份、发泡剂3份。
所述PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层包括聚氯乙烯PVC120份、植物纤维300份、无机填料80份、增塑剂80份、碳酸钙25份、热稳定剂10份、偶联剂15份。
所述PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层包括聚氯乙烯PVC120份、植物纤维150份、增塑剂50份、热稳定剂7份、偶联剂12份、抗老剂5份、补强剂5份、着色剂2.0份、阻燃剂2份。
一种无缝木塑地板的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)木塑层的各个层的板材成型：
1)称取配方组份：准确称量发泡PVC基木塑复合层、PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层三组材料组份，将其分别放入到高速混合机中混合，得各层混合料；
2)注塑成型：将步骤1)中三组材料组份分别放入到注塑机中，热压定型10min，形成三层的复合板材；
3)木塑层成型：将发泡PVC基木塑复合层、PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层三层板材依次从上往下放置，然后放入到热压定型机中热压定型形成木塑层，温度130℃，压力120Mpa下定型10min；
(2)无缝木塑地板加工
1)木塑地板原始材制备：将塑胶层中的强韧层黏合剂贴合在木塑层上，然后再在强韧层上贴一层耐磨纸，最后在热压定型机中热压定型10min，形成木塑地板板材；
2)板材切割：用切割机对木塑地板板材两侧进行切割形成带有母槽和母槽盖边的无缝木塑地板；
3)涂抹水性TPU：在无缝木塑地板拼装前，在地板的母槽的槽内涂抹水性TPU，水性TPU涂抹厚度为2mm，木塑层底面涂有防水油漆，然后完成拼装。
经试验测试，该实施例无缝木塑地板的拉伸强度：4.20Mpa，弯曲破坏载荷为3830N，压缩复原率：83.2％，回弹值：18％。
实施例2
所述发泡PVC基木塑复合层包括聚氯乙烯PVC100-120份、植物纤维100份、增塑剂80份、偶联剂12份、光稳定剂12份、相容剂10份、发泡剂3份。
所述PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层包括聚氯乙烯PVC120份、植物纤维300份、无机填料80份、增塑剂80份、碳酸钙25份、热稳定剂10份、偶联剂15份。
所述PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层包括聚氯乙烯PVC120份、植物纤维150份、增塑剂50份、热稳定剂7份、偶联剂12份、抗老剂5份、补强剂5份、着色剂2.0份、阻燃剂2份。
一种无缝木塑地板的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)木塑层的各个层的板材成型：
1)称取配方组份：准确称量发泡PVC基木塑复合层、PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层三组材料组份，将其分别放入到高速混合机中混合，得各层混合料；
2)注塑成型：将步骤1)中三组材料组份分别放入到注塑机中，热压定型10min，形成三层的复合板材；
3)木塑层成型：将发泡PVC基木塑复合层、PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层三层板材依次从上往下放置，然后放入到热压定型机中热压定型形成木塑层，温度150℃，压力130Mpa下定型15min；
(2)无缝木塑地板加工
1)木塑地板原始材制备：将塑胶层中的强韧层黏合剂贴合在木塑层上，然后再在强韧层上贴一层耐磨纸，最后在热压定型机中热压定型10min，形成木塑地板板材；
2)板材切割：用切割机对木塑地板板材两侧进行切割形成带有母槽和母槽盖边的无缝木塑地板；
3)涂抹水性TPU：在无缝木塑地板拼装前，在地板的母槽的槽内涂抹水性TPU，水性TPU涂抹厚度为3mm，木塑层底面涂有防水油漆，然后完成拼装。
经试验测试，该实施例木塑地板的拉伸强度：4.22Mpa，弯曲破坏载荷为3630N，压缩复原率：83.4％，回弹值：17.6％。
实施例3
所述发泡PVC基木塑复合层包括聚氯乙烯PVC110份、植物纤维90份、增塑剂70份、偶联剂11份、光稳定剂11份、相容剂9份、发泡剂2份。
所述PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层包括聚氯乙烯PVC110份、植物纤维160份、无机填料70份、增塑剂60份、碳酸钙23份、热稳定剂8份、偶联剂12份。
所述PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层包括聚氯乙烯PVC110份、植物纤维120份、增塑剂40份、热稳定剂6份、偶联剂10份、抗老剂3份、补强剂4份、着色剂1份、阻燃剂1份。
一种无缝木塑地板的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)木塑层的各个层的板材成型：
1)称取配方组份：准确称量发泡PVC基木塑复合层、PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层三组材料组份，将其分别放入到高速混合机中混合，得各层混合料；
2)注塑成型：将步骤1)中三组材料组份分别放入到注塑机中，热压定型10min，形成三层的复合板材；
3)木塑层成型：将发泡PVC基木塑复合层、PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层三层板材依次从上往下放置，然后放入到热压定型机中热压定型形成木塑层，温度140℃，压力125Mpa下定型13min；
(2)无缝木塑地板加工
1)木塑地板原始材制备：将塑胶层中的强韧层黏合剂贴合在木塑层上，然后再在强韧层上贴一层耐磨纸，最后在热压定型机中热压定型10min，形成木塑地板板材；
2)板材切割：用切割机对木塑地板板材两侧进行切割形成带有母槽和母槽盖边的无缝木塑地板；
3)涂抹水性TPU：在无缝木塑地板拼装前，在地板的母槽的槽内涂抹水性TPU，水性TPU涂抹厚度为2.5mm，木塑层底面涂有防水油漆，然后完成拼装。
经试验测试，该实施例木塑地板的拉伸强度：4.00Mpa，弯曲破坏载荷为3480N，压缩复原率：86.2％，回弹值：19％。
耐磨层优选耐磨表层纸，现有耐磨纸均可。植物纤维为植物秸秆粉末。发泡剂优选碳酸氢钠。强韧层为三聚氰氨浸渍纸。增塑剂优选DEHP(商业名称DOP)，DEHP化学名邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己)酯。无机填料含有滑石粉、云母粉、石棉粉。热稳定剂优选锡稳定剂。偶联剂优选硅烷偶联剂。抗老剂优选聚丙烯。补强剂优选硅酸盐。着色剂根据木塑地板需要添加颜色类型。阻燃剂优选三氧化二锑。防水油漆市场购买的即可。
以上实施例中，若无特别说明，其组分均为市购现有技术产品。
如表1所示为该发明的木塑地板效果
表1 该木塑地板的发明效果
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
本发明不限于以上对实施例的描述，本领域技术人员根据本发明揭示的内容，在本发明基础上不必经过创造性劳动所进行的改进和修改，都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种无缝木塑地板，其特征在于：包括塑胶层和木塑层，所述塑胶层包括上层耐磨层和下层强韧层，所述木塑层包括至少两层PVC基木塑复合层，所述耐磨层通过热塑胶黏合在强韧层上，所述塑胶层与多层PVC基木塑复合层通过热压形成无缝木塑地板，无缝木塑地板一侧设有母槽、另一侧设有母槽盖边，所述母槽内侧槽边设有下凹口，所述母槽盖边外侧设有外凸板，所述外凸板刚好贴合在下凹口，所述母槽的槽内涂抹有水性TPU，所述木塑层底面涂有防水油漆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种无缝木塑地板，其特征在于：所述木塑层包括三层PVC基木塑复合层，分别为上层发泡PVC基木塑复合层、中层PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和下层PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种无缝木塑地板，其特征在于：所述发泡PVC基木塑复合层包括聚氯乙烯PVC100-120份、植物纤维80-100份、增塑剂50-80份、偶联剂10-12份、光稳定剂10-12份、相容剂8-10份、发泡剂1-3份。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种无缝木塑地板，其特征在于：所述PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层包括聚氯乙烯PVC100-120份、植物纤维200-300份、无机填料50-80份、增塑剂40-80份、碳酸钙20-25份、热稳定剂5-10份、偶联剂10-15份。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种无缝木塑地板，其特征在于：所述PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层包括聚氯乙烯PVC100-120份、植物纤维100-150份、增塑剂30-50份、热稳定剂5-7份、偶联剂9-12份、抗老剂1-5份、补强剂2-5份、滑石粉2-5份、着色剂0.5-2.0份、阻燃剂1-2份。
6.一种无缝木塑地板的制备方法，其特征在于：具体步骤如下：
(1)木塑层的各个层的板材成型：
1)称取配方组份：准确称量发泡PVC基木塑复合层、PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层三组材料组份，将其分别放入到高速混合机中混合，得各层混合料；
2)注塑成型：将步骤1)中三组材料组份分别放入到注塑机中，热压定型10min，形成三层的复合板材；
3)木塑层成型：将发泡PVC基木塑复合层、PVC基木塑复合材料稳定层和PVC基木塑复合材料抗老层三层板材依次从上往下放置，然后放入到热压定型机中热压定型形成木塑层；
(2)无缝木塑地板加工
1)木塑地板原始材制备：将塑胶层贴合在木塑层上，然后在热压定型机中热压定型10min，形成木塑地板板材；
2)板材切割：用切割机对木塑地板板材两侧进行切割形成带有母槽和母槽盖边的无缝木塑地板；
3)涂抹水性TPU：在无缝木塑地板拼装前，在地板的母槽的槽内涂抹水性TPU，底面涂有防水油漆，然后完成拼装。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种无缝木塑地板的制备方法，其特征在于：在木塑层成型过程中中热压定型机条件参数为：温度130-150℃，压力120-130Mpa下定型10-15min。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种无缝木塑地板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述水性TPU涂抹厚度为2-3mm。
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CN104130589A (zh) * 2014-07-24 2014-11-05 武夷山市美华实业有限公司 一种木塑地板及其制造方法
CN106183293A (zh) * 2016-07-07 2016-12-07 安徽国风木塑科技有限公司 一种木塑地板
CN206942045U (zh) * 2017-06-26 2018-01-30 张家港爱丽塑料有限公司 一种块状化复合地板
CN107476539A (zh) * 2017-08-30 2017-12-15 江阴科强塑胶科技有限公司 抗紫外耐磨型运动地板

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Application publication date: 20190409