CN109591395B - 防潮透气复合无纺布及其制备方法 - Google Patents

防潮透气复合无纺布及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109591395B
CN109591395B CN201910092511.3A CN201910092511A CN109591395B CN 109591395 B CN109591395 B CN 109591395B CN 201910092511 A CN201910092511 A CN 201910092511A CN 109591395 B CN109591395 B CN 109591395B
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Abstract

本发明公开一种防潮透气复合无纺布及其制备方法,该无纺布包括亲肤层、中间层与防潮底层,中间层的两面通过热熔粘合层分别与亲肤层以及防潮底层粘接;本发明通过设置三层结构,并对防潮底层做疏水处理,对中间层做亲水处理,通过防潮底层隔绝大部分水汽,并通过中间层吸收水汽,使无纺布具有良好的防潮透气功能;本发明还通过设置粘合工装同时对复合无纺布的三层结构进行粘合,通过热风加热施压使三层结构通过热熔性纤维粘合在一起,并通过冷环境快速降温,防止熔融的热熔性纤维彼此粘接成片,制得的复合无纺布手感好,且不对复合无纺布的防潮透气性能造成影响。

Description

防潮透气复合无纺布及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织面料技术领域,具体的,涉及一种防潮透气复合无纺布及其制备方法。
背景技术
无纺布又称不织布,是由定向的或随机的纤维构成,因具有布的外观和部分性能而称其为布,无纺布具有无毒无刺激、色彩丰富、价格低廉、易分解与可循环再用等诸多优势,加工简单,现在以及广泛的应用在医疗卫生、装饰、服装等多个领域。
复合无纺布是通过对无纺布及其它面料进行多种方式的复合处理,并通过复合处理将两层或三层的面料复合在一起,从而生产出具有特殊功能的产品,但是在无纺布大部分的应用领域中,其中尤其是在医疗卫生以及服装领域中,对于无纺布的防潮以及透气性能有着很高的要求,但是现有技术中,为了达到这一效果,常常需要材料具有良好的吸潮性能,将水汽吸收以达到防潮的效果,这种解决办法虽然能够兼顾材料的防潮透气性能,却无法将这种性能保持较长的时间,无纺布在吸收一定水汽之后防潮效果下降且无纺布自身长时间处于潮湿的情况下容易滋生细菌;而且现有技术中的复合无纺布在利用热熔粘合发进行制作时,两层面料之间由于热熔性纤维的冷却固化粘合在一起,但是由于工序问题,容易出现复合无纺布局部结块的问题,如何提升无纺布的防潮透气效果,提升其有效的防潮时间以及无纺布的触感,是目前需要解决的问题,为了结局这些问题,本发明提供了以下技术方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防潮透气复合无纺布及其制备方法。
本发明需要解决的技术问题为:
1、如何在不影响无纺布的透气性能的同时,提升其防水防潮性能;
2、如何改善复合无纺布的加工工艺,减少或避免复合无纺布在制作过程中,两层面料之间出现局部结块,提升复合无纺布的质量。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
一种防潮透气复合无纺布,包括亲肤层、中间层与防潮底层,所述中间层设置在亲肤层与防潮底层之间,中间层的两面通过热熔粘合层分别与亲肤层以及防潮底层粘接,其中中间层的厚度为3-7mm,亲肤层的厚度为0.5-1.5mm,防潮底层的厚度为0.5-1.5mm,热熔粘合层的厚度为0.5-1mm;
所述亲肤层由亲肤纤维加工制成,所述亲肤纤维包括但不限于棉纤维、麻纤维、羊毛纤维、蚕丝;
所述热熔粘合层由热熔性纤维与中空纤维的均匀混合物加工制成,其中热熔性纤维与中空纤维的质量比为1.5-2.2:1,且热熔性纤维与中空纤维的纤维长度不超过80mm,保证热熔粘合层内限位分布的均匀度;
所述防潮底层由疏水改性纤维加工制成,所述疏水改性纤维的原材料纤维为聚丙烯纤维、聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维中的一种或至少两种的混合,这一类原材料本身具有良好的疏水效果;
所述中间层由亲水改性纤维加工制成,所述亲水改性纤维的原材料纤维为棉纤维、麻纤维、动物纤维中的一种或至少两种的混合,这一类材料本身具有良好的亲水效果;
所述疏水改性纤维的制备工艺包括如下步骤:
S1、通过超声处理将氧化石墨烯分散去离子水中,其中氧化石墨烯在去离子水中的浓度为0.5-1mg/L,氧化石墨烯的尺寸小于等于10μm;
S2、将原材料纤维加入上一步骤中得到的氧化石墨烯分散液中,使原材料纤维完全浸润在氧化石墨烯分散液中1-2h,浸润过程中采用超声处理,使氧化石墨烯能够均匀分散;
S3、将原材料纤维取出沥水烘干后开松;
S4、将上一步骤中得到的原材料纤维加入密封蒸汽室中,向蒸汽室中通入惰性气体,排出密封蒸汽室中的空气,向密封蒸汽室中通入氢碘酸的高温蒸汽,蒸汽温度为127-250℃,反应时间为0.5-3h;
S5、取出上一步骤中得到的原材料纤维,烘干干燥后得到疏水改性纤维。
该步骤通过将亲水的氧化石墨烯作为原料,提升氧化石墨烯在水中分散的均匀性,再通过高温的氢碘酸蒸汽还原氧化石墨烯,提升原材料纤维的疏水性能与抗菌性能。
所述亲水改性纤维的制备工艺包括如下步骤:
SS1、将纳米改性竹炭加入球磨机中在250-320r/min的转速下以环氧丙醇作为润湿剂湿磨3-5h后得到纳米改性竹炭泥状物,不做干燥处理,其中纳米改性竹炭与环氧丙醇的重量比为1:0.3-0.5;
SS2、将上一步骤中得到的纳米改性竹炭泥状物加入环氧丙醇水溶液中,环氧丙醇水溶液中环氧丙醇的体积分数为4%-6%,纳米改性竹炭泥状物的重量与环氧丙醇水溶液的体积之比为1-1.2g/L;
SS3、搅拌或超声处理使纳米改性竹炭泥状物均匀分散在环氧丙醇水溶液中,形成浸渍液,加热浸渍液的温度至40-50℃,将原材料纤维加入浸渍液之中浸泡,浸泡过程中持续进行超声处理;
SS4、取出原材料纤维,沥水烘干后得到亲水改性纤维。
该步骤中,通过球磨机将纳米改性竹炭粉碎成小粒径结构,同时在纳米改性竹炭的表面形成一层环氧丙醇液膜,之后通过原材料纤维表面的羟基与环氧丙醇发生接枝反应生成羧甲基,一方面将纳米竹炭纤维固定在原材料纤维上,另一方面提高了一定的原材料纤维的亲水性。
所述纳米改性竹炭是一种将纳米二氧化钛负载在竹炭的孔隙壁上以及竹炭的表面所形成的吸附杀菌材料,具有良好的吸附性、杀菌、除臭与净化功能。
该防潮透气无纺布的制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤一:以亲水改性纤维为原料,通过针刺热轧加工形成针刺无纺布,该针刺无纺布即为中间层;
步骤二:将热熔性纤维与中空纤维均匀混合形成混合纤维后,通过气流成网技术将混合纤维凝聚在成网帘上形成热熔粘合层,所述热熔性纤维与中空纤维的纤维长度不超过80mm,保证热熔粘合层内限位分布的均匀度;
步骤三:将上一步骤中成网帘上形成的热熔粘合层铺设在中间层的两面,再将两面铺设有热熔粘合层的中间层作为成网帘,通过气流成网机将亲肤纤维与疏水改性纤维分别喷射在中间层两面的热熔粘合层上形成中间体,将中间体铺设在第一传送带上,铺设时,防潮底层与第一传送带接触;
步骤四:开启第一热气流喷头与第二热气流喷头,分别向中间体的两面喷射高压干燥热气流,对热熔粘合层进行加热,使热熔粘合层中的热熔性纤维软化后粘接中间层及其两面的亲肤层与防潮底层;
步骤五:中间体经第一传送带与第二传送带传送至冷却室,冷却室内的温度为0-10℃,同时开启冷气流喷头,向中间体喷射高压干燥冷气流,冷气流的温度为0-10℃,加速热熔性纤维的冷却定型,既能够保证热熔性纤维充分软化达到良好的粘接效果,又能够防止热熔性纤维软化过度,导致热熔粘合层出现局部硬化的现象;
步骤六:将中间体辊压平整后形成防潮透气复合无纺布。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明通过设置防潮底层、中间层以及亲肤层三层结构,并对防潮底层做疏水处理,对中间层做亲水处理,通过防潮底层隔绝大部分水汽,并通过中间层吸收水汽,使无纺布具有良好的防潮透气功能;
2、本发明通过设置粘合工装同时对复合无纺布的三层结构进行粘合,同时通过热风加热施压使三层结构通过热熔性纤维粘合在一起,并通过冷环境快速降温,防止熔融的热熔性纤维彼此粘接成片,制得的复合无纺布手感好,且不对复合无纺布的防潮透气性能造成影响。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
图1是粘合工装的结构示意图;
图2是第二热气流喷头的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
一种防潮透气复合无纺布,如图1所示,包括亲肤层11、中间层12与防潮底层13,所述中间层12设置在亲肤层11与防潮底层13之间,中间层12的两面通过热熔粘合层分别与亲肤层11以及防潮底层13粘接,其中中间层12的厚度为6mm,亲肤层11的厚度为1mm,防潮底层13的厚度为1mm,热熔粘合层的厚度为0.5;
所述亲肤层11由亲肤纤维加工制成,所述亲肤纤维为棉纤维;
所述热熔粘合层由热熔性纤维与中空纤维的均匀混合物加工制成,其中热熔性纤维与中空纤维的质量比为2.2:1,且热熔性纤维与中空纤维的纤维长度不超过80mm;
所述防潮底层13由疏水改性纤维加工制成,所述疏水改性纤维的原材料纤维为聚丙烯纤维;
所述中间层12由亲水改性纤维加工制成,所述亲水改性纤维的原材料纤维为棉纤维;
所述疏水改性纤维的制备工艺包括如下步骤:
S1、通过超声处理将氧化石墨烯分散去离子水中,其中氧化石墨烯在去离子水中的浓度为1mg/L,氧化石墨烯的尺寸小于等于10μm;
S2、将原材料纤维加入上一步骤中得到的氧化石墨烯分散液中,使原材料纤维完全浸润在氧化石墨烯分散液中1.5h,浸润过程中采用超声处理,使氧化石墨烯能够均匀分散;
S3、将原材料纤维取出沥水烘干后开松;
S4、将上一步骤中得到的原材料纤维加入密封蒸汽室中,向蒸汽室中通入惰性气体,排出密封蒸汽室中的空气,向密封蒸汽室中通入氢碘酸的高温蒸汽,蒸汽温度为150℃,反应时间为1h;
S5、取出上一步骤中得到的原材料纤维,烘干干燥后得到疏水改性纤维。
该步骤通过将亲水的氧化石墨烯作为原料,提升氧化石墨烯在水中分散的均匀性,再通过高温的氢碘酸蒸汽还原氧化石墨烯,提升原材料纤维的疏水性能与抗菌性能。
所述亲水改性纤维的制备工艺包括如下步骤:
SS1、将纳米改性竹炭加入球磨机中在320r/min的转速下以环氧丙醇作为润湿剂湿磨3h后得到纳米改性竹炭泥状物,不做干燥处理,其中纳米改性竹炭与环氧丙醇的重量比为1:0.5;
SS2、将上一步骤中得到的纳米改性竹炭泥状物加入环氧丙醇水溶液中,环氧丙醇水溶液中环氧丙醇的体积分数为5%,纳米改性竹炭泥状物的重量与环氧丙醇水溶液的体积之比为1.2g/L;
SS3、搅拌或超声处理使纳米改性竹炭泥状物均匀分散在环氧丙醇水溶液中,形成浸渍液,加热浸渍液的温度至45℃,将原材料纤维加入浸渍液之中浸泡,浸泡过程中持续进行超声处理;
SS4、取出原材料纤维,沥水烘干后得到亲水改性纤维。
所述纳米改性竹炭是一种将纳米二氧化钛负载在竹炭的孔隙壁上以及竹炭的表面所形成的吸附杀菌材料,具有良好的吸附性、杀菌、除臭与净化功能。
该防潮透气无纺布的制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤一:以亲水改性纤维为原料,通过针刺热轧加工形成针刺无纺布,该针刺无纺布即为中间层;
步骤二:将热熔性纤维与中空纤维均匀混合形成混合纤维后,通过气流成网技术将混合纤维凝聚在成网帘上形成热熔粘合层,所述热熔性纤维与中空纤维的纤维长度不超过80mm,保证热熔粘合层内限位分布的均匀度;
步骤三:将上一步骤中成网帘上形成的热熔粘合层铺设在中间层的两面,再将两面铺设有热熔粘合层的中间层作为成网帘,通过气流成网机将亲肤纤维与疏水改性纤维分别喷射在中间层两面的热熔粘合层上形成中间体,将中间体铺设在第一传送带6上,铺设时,防潮底层13与第一传送带6接触;
步骤四:开启第一热气流喷头2与第二热气流喷头4,分别向中间体的两面喷射高压干燥热气流,对热熔粘合层进行加热,使热熔粘合层中的热熔性纤维软化后粘接中间层及其两面的亲肤层与防潮底层;
步骤五:中间体经第一传送带6与第二传送带61传送至冷却室7,冷却室7内的温度为5℃,同时开启冷气流喷头3,向中间体喷射高压干燥冷气流,冷气流的温度为5℃,加速热熔性纤维的冷却定型,既能够保证热熔性纤维充分软化达到良好的粘接效果,又能够防止热熔性纤维软化过度,导致热熔粘合层出现局部硬化的现象;
步骤六:将中间体辊压平整后形成防潮透气复合无纺布。
本发明所述的防潮透气复合无纺布在加工过程中使用到粘合工装,如图1、图2所示,所述粘合工装包括第一传送带6、第二传送带61以及冷却室7,冷却室7内设置有冷气流喷头3,冷却室7内的温度为0-10℃,冷气流喷头3喷射的高压干燥冷气流的温度为0-10℃;
所述第一传送带6上设置有第一热气流喷头2,第一传送带6与第二传送带61之间设置有第二热气流喷头4,第一热气流喷头2与第二热气流喷头4连接有热气流源,第二热气流喷头4靠近第一传送带6与第二传送带61的两侧均设置有反射板5,反射板5为经过抛光的不锈钢板,起到热反射的效果,防止高温热气流对传送带造成伤害,反射板5靠近复合无纺布的一端设置有滚轮,起到支撑的效果;
所述第二热气流喷头4包括外壳41与设置在外壳41内部的隔板44,隔板44将外壳41的内部通道分割为第一输气管道42与第二输气管道43,隔板44靠近复合无纺布的一端设置有滚轮45,起到支撑的效果。
实施例2:
一种防潮透气复合无纺布,如图1所示,包括亲肤层11、中间层12与防潮底层13,所述中间层12设置在亲肤层11与防潮底层13之间,中间层12的两面通过热熔粘合层分别与亲肤层11以及防潮底层13粘接,其中中间层12的厚度为7mm,亲肤层11的厚度为1.5mm,防潮底层13的厚度为1.5mm,热熔粘合层的厚度为1mm;
所述亲肤层11由亲肤纤维加工制成,所述亲肤纤维包括但不限于棉纤维、麻纤维、羊毛纤维、蚕丝;
所述热熔粘合层由热熔性纤维与中空纤维的均匀混合物加工制成,其中热熔性纤维与中空纤维的质量比为1.5:1,且热熔性纤维与中空纤维的纤维长度不超过80mm,保证热熔粘合层内限位分布的均匀度;
所述防潮底层13由疏水改性纤维加工制成,所述疏水改性纤维的原材料纤维为聚丙烯纤维、聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维中的一种或至少两种的混合,这一类原材料本身具有良好的疏水效果;
所述中间层12由亲水改性纤维加工制成,所述亲水改性纤维的原材料纤维为棉纤维、麻纤维、动物纤维中的一种或至少两种的混合,这一类材料本身具有良好的亲水效果;
所述疏水改性纤维的制备工艺包括如下步骤:
S1、通过超声处理将氧化石墨烯分散去离子水中,其中氧化石墨烯在去离子水中的浓度为0.8mg/L,氧化石墨烯的尺寸小于等于10μm;
S2、将原材料纤维加入上一步骤中得到的氧化石墨烯分散液中,使原材料纤维完全浸润在氧化石墨烯分散液中2h,浸润过程中采用超声处理,使氧化石墨烯能够均匀分散;
S3、将原材料纤维取出沥水烘干后开松;
S4、将上一步骤中得到的原材料纤维加入密封蒸汽室中,向蒸汽室中通入惰性气体,排出密封蒸汽室中的空气,向密封蒸汽室中通入氢碘酸的高温蒸汽,蒸汽温度为135℃,反应时间为2h;
S5、取出上一步骤中得到的原材料纤维,烘干干燥后得到疏水改性纤维。
该步骤通过将亲水的氧化石墨烯作为原料,提升氧化石墨烯在水中分散的均匀性,再通过高温的氢碘酸蒸汽还原氧化石墨烯,提升原材料纤维的疏水性能与抗菌性能。
所述亲水改性纤维的制备工艺包括如下步骤:
SS1、将纳米改性竹炭加入球磨机中在300r/min的转速下以环氧丙醇作为润湿剂湿磨5h后得到纳米改性竹炭泥状物,不做干燥处理,其中纳米改性竹炭与环氧丙醇的重量比为1:0.4;
SS2、将上一步骤中得到的纳米改性竹炭泥状物加入环氧丙醇水溶液中,环氧丙醇水溶液中环氧丙醇的体积分数为6%,纳米改性竹炭泥状物的重量与环氧丙醇水溶液的体积之比为1.2g/L;
SS3、搅拌或超声处理使纳米改性竹炭泥状物均匀分散在环氧丙醇水溶液中,形成浸渍液,加热浸渍液的温度至40℃,将原材料纤维加入浸渍液之中浸泡,浸泡过程中持续进行超声处理;
SS4、取出原材料纤维,沥水烘干后得到亲水改性纤维。
所述纳米改性竹炭是一种将纳米二氧化钛负载在竹炭的孔隙壁上以及竹炭的表面所形成的吸附杀菌材料,具有良好的吸附性、杀菌、除臭与净化功能。
该防潮透气无纺布的制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤一:以亲水改性纤维为原料,通过针刺热轧加工形成针刺无纺布,该针刺无纺布即为中间层;
步骤二:将热熔性纤维与中空纤维均匀混合形成混合纤维后,通过气流成网技术将混合纤维凝聚在成网帘上形成热熔粘合层,所述热熔性纤维与中空纤维的纤维长度不超过80mm,保证热熔粘合层内限位分布的均匀度;
步骤三:将上一步骤中成网帘上形成的热熔粘合层铺设在中间层的两面,再将两面铺设有热熔粘合层的中间层作为成网帘,通过气流成网机将亲肤纤维与疏水改性纤维分别喷射在中间层两面的热熔粘合层上形成中间体,将中间体铺设在第一传送带6上,铺设时,防潮底层13与第一传送带6接触;
步骤四:开启第一热气流喷头2与第二热气流喷头4,分别向中间体的两面喷射高压干燥热气流,对热熔粘合层进行加热,使热熔粘合层中的热熔性纤维软化后粘接中间层及其两面的亲肤层与防潮底层;
步骤五:中间体经第一传送带6与第二传送带61传送至冷却室7,冷却室7内的温度为4℃,同时开启冷气流喷头3,向中间体喷射高压干燥冷气流,冷气流的温度为4℃,加速热熔性纤维的冷却定型,既能够保证热熔性纤维充分软化达到良好的粘接效果,又能够防止热熔性纤维软化过度,导致热熔粘合层出现局部硬化的现象;
步骤六:将中间体辊压平整后形成防潮透气复合无纺布。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明结构所作的举例和说明,所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,只要不偏离发明的结构或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围,均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.防潮透气复合无纺布,其特征在于,包括亲肤层(11)、中间层(12)与防潮底层(13),所述中间层(12)设置在亲肤层(11)与防潮底层(13)之间,中间层(12)的两面通过热熔粘合层分别与亲肤层(11)以及防潮底层(13)粘接,其中中间层(12)的厚度为3-7mm,亲肤层(11)的厚度为0.5-1.5mm,防潮底层(13)的厚度为0.5-1.5mm,热熔粘合层的厚度为0.5-1mm;
所述亲肤层(11)由亲肤纤维加工制成;
所述热熔粘合层由热熔性纤维与中空纤维的均匀混合物加工制成,其中热熔性纤维与中空纤维的质量比为1.5-2.2:1,且热熔性纤维与中空纤维的纤维长度不超过80mm;
所述防潮底层(13)由疏水改性纤维加工制成;
所述中间层(12)由亲水改性纤维加工制成;
所述疏水改性纤维的制备工艺包括如下步骤:
S1、通过超声处理将氧化石墨烯分散去离子水中,其中氧化石墨烯在去离子水中的浓度为0.5-1mg/L,氧化石墨烯的尺寸小于等于10μm;
S2、将原材料纤维加入上一步骤中得到的氧化石墨烯分散液中,使原材料纤维完全浸润在氧化石墨烯分散液中1-2h,浸润过程中采用超声处理;
S3、将原材料纤维取出沥水烘干后开松;
S4、将上一步骤中得到的原材料纤维加入密封蒸汽室中,向蒸汽室中通入惰性气体,排出密封蒸汽室中的空气,向密封蒸汽室中通入氢碘酸的高温蒸汽,蒸汽温度为127-250℃,反应时间为0.5-3h;
S5、取出上一步骤中得到的原材料纤维,烘干干燥后得到疏水改性纤维;
所述亲水改性纤维的制备工艺包括如下步骤:
SS1、将纳米改性竹炭加入球磨机中在250-320r/min的转速下以环氧丙醇作为润湿剂湿磨3-5h后得到纳米改性竹炭泥状物,不做干燥处理,其中纳米改性竹炭与环氧丙醇的重量比为1:0.3-0.5;
SS2、将上一步骤中得到的纳米改性竹炭泥状物加入环氧丙醇水溶液中,环氧丙醇水溶液中环氧丙醇的体积分数为4%-6%,纳米改性竹炭泥状物的重量与环氧丙醇水溶液的体积之比为1-1.2g/L;
SS3、搅拌或超声处理使纳米改性竹炭泥状物均匀分散在环氧丙醇水溶液中,形成浸渍液,加热浸渍液的温度至40-50℃,将原材料纤维加入浸渍液之中浸泡,浸泡过程中持续进行超声处理;
SS4、取出原材料纤维,沥水烘干后得到亲水改性纤维;
该防潮透气复合无纺布的制备工艺包括如下步骤:
步骤一:以亲水改性纤维为原料,通过针刺热轧加工形成针刺无纺布,该针刺无纺布即为中间层;
步骤二:将热熔性纤维与中空纤维均匀混合形成混合纤维后,通过气流成网技术将混合纤维凝聚在成网帘上形成热熔粘合层,所述热熔性纤维与中空纤维的纤维长度不超过80mm;
步骤三:将上一步骤中成网帘上形成的热熔粘合层铺设在中间层(12)的两面,再将两面铺设有热熔粘合层的中间层(12)作为成网帘,通过气流成网机将亲肤纤维与疏水改性纤维分别喷射在中间层两面的热熔粘合层上形成中间体,将中间体铺设在第一传送带(6)上,铺设时,防潮底层(13)与第一传送带(6)接触;
步骤四:开启第一热气流喷头(2)与第二热气流喷头(4),分别向中间体(12)的两面喷射高压干燥热气流,对热熔粘合层进行加热,使热熔粘合层中的热熔性纤维软化后粘接中间层及其两面的亲肤层(11)与防潮底层(13);
步骤五:中间体经第一传送带(6)与第二传送带(61)传送至冷却室(7),冷却室(7)内的温度为0-10℃,同时开启冷气流喷头(3),向中间体喷射高压干燥冷气流,冷气流的温度为0-10℃;
步骤六:将中间体辊压平整后形成防潮透气复合无纺布。
2.防潮透气复合无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:疏水改性纤维的制备
S1、通过超声处理将氧化石墨烯分散去离子水中,其中氧化石墨烯在去离子水中的浓度为0.5-1mg/L,氧化石墨烯的尺寸小于等于10μm;
S2、将原材料纤维加入上一步骤中得到的氧化石墨烯分散液中,使原材料纤维完全浸润在氧化石墨烯分散液中1-2h,浸润过程中采用超声处理,处理结束后将原材料纤维取出沥水烘干后开松;
S3、将上一步骤中得到的原材料纤维加入密封蒸汽室中,向蒸汽室中通入惰性气体,排出密封蒸汽室中的空气,向密封蒸汽室中通入氢碘酸的高温蒸汽,还原反应结束后将原材料纤维取出,烘干干燥后得到疏水改性纤维;
步骤二:亲水改性纤维的制备
SS1、将纳米改性竹炭加入球磨机中在250-320r/min的转速下以环氧丙醇作为润湿剂湿磨3-5h后得到纳米改性竹炭泥状物,不做干燥处理,其中纳米改性竹炭与环氧丙醇的重量比为1:0.3-0.5;
SS2、将上一步骤中得到的纳米改性竹炭泥状物加入环氧丙醇水溶液中,环氧丙醇水溶液中环氧丙醇的体积分数为4%-6%,纳米改性竹炭泥状物的重量与环氧丙醇水溶液的体积之比为1-1.2g/L;
SS3、搅拌或超声处理使纳米改性竹炭泥状物均匀分散在环氧丙醇水溶液中,形成浸渍液,加热浸渍液的温度至40-50℃,将原材料纤维加入浸渍液之中浸泡,浸泡过程中持续进行超声处理;
SS4、取出原材料纤维,沥水烘干后得到亲水改性纤维;
步骤三:以亲水改性纤维为原料,通过针刺热轧加工形成针刺无纺布,该针刺无纺布即为中间层;
步骤四:将热熔性纤维与中空纤维均匀混合形成混合纤维后,通过气流成网技术将混合纤维凝聚在成网帘上形成热熔粘合层,所述热熔性纤维与中空纤维的纤维长度不超过80mm;
步骤五:将上一步骤中成网帘上形成的热熔粘合层铺设在中间层的两面,再将两面铺设有热熔粘合层的中间层作为成网帘,通过气流成网机将亲肤纤维与疏水改性纤维分别喷射在中间层两面的热熔粘合层上形成中间体,将中间体铺设在第一传送带(6)上,铺设时,防潮底层(13)与第一传送带(6)接触;
步骤六:开启第一热气流喷头(2)与第二热气流喷头(4),分别向中间体的两面喷射高压干燥热气流,对热熔粘合层进行加热,使热熔粘合层中的热熔性纤维软化后粘接中间层及其两面的亲肤层与防潮底层;
步骤七:中间体经第一传送带(6)与第二传送带(61)传送至冷却室(7),冷却室(7)内的温度为0-10℃,同时开启冷气流喷头(3),向中间体喷射高压干燥冷气流,冷气流的温度为0-10℃;
步骤八:将中间体辊压平整后形成防潮透气复合无纺布。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防潮透气复合无纺布,其特征在于,所述亲肤纤维为棉纤维、麻纤维、羊毛纤维或蚕丝;所述疏水改性纤维的原材料纤维为聚丙烯纤维、聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维中的一种或至少两种的混合;所述亲水改性纤维的原材料纤维为棉纤维、麻纤维、动物纤维中的一种或至少两种的混合。
4.根据权利要求2所述的防潮透气复合无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤一中氢碘酸的高温蒸汽温度为127-250℃,还原反应时间为0.5-3h。
5.根据权利要求2所述的防潮透气复合无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于,所述纳米改性竹炭是将纳米二氧化钛负载在竹炭的孔隙壁上以及竹炭的表面所形成的吸附杀菌材料。
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