CN109591142B - Blade wear-resisting plate and machining detection method thereof - Google Patents
Blade wear-resisting plate and machining detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109591142B CN109591142B CN201811502262.2A CN201811502262A CN109591142B CN 109591142 B CN109591142 B CN 109591142B CN 201811502262 A CN201811502262 A CN 201811502262A CN 109591142 B CN109591142 B CN 109591142B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/005—Tools therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/02—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood shavings or the like
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blade wear-resisting plate and a processing and detecting method thereof, and belongs to the field of forestry blades. The machining of the wear-resisting plate comprises the following steps: rough machining of the surface of a blank, rough turning machining, rough machining of a knife edge, heat treatment, grinding machining and inspection; the wear-resisting plate is manufactured by the method, the included angle alpha between the first inclined surface of the wear-resisting plate and the front part of the second step surface of the wear-resisting plate is 40-60 degrees, and the included angle beta between the second inclined surface of the wear-resisting plate and the boss in the thickness direction is 45-57 degrees. The forestry combined blade overcomes the defects that the processing precision of the forestry combined blade is not high and the use effect is influenced in the prior art, and the processing precision of each part of the combined blade is effectively improved by strictly controlling each processing procedure, so that the forestry combined blade is convenient to install and the use effect is obviously improved.
Description
The application is to the original application number: 201710597092X, original filing date: 2017/7/20, respectively; the name of the original invention is: a high-precision forestry combined blade and divisional application of a production process thereof.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forestry blades, in particular to a blade wear-resisting plate and a machining detection method thereof.
Background
The forestry machine is used for forestation, wood cutting and forestry hoisting and conveying, the common forestry machine comprises a seed picker, a brush cutter, a hole digger, a building machine, a strip inserting machine, a tree planting machine, a flaker and the like, a plurality of combined blades are usually installed on the machine equipment for cutting, for example, a ring flaker is taken as an example, the machine equipment is one of host machines of a shaving production and preparation workshop section, wood chips, bamboo chips and crushed veneers are taken as raw materials and are sliced into shavings with certain thickness as raw materials for manufacturing flakeboards, the combined blades comprise wear-resistant plates, fly knives, blades and the like, specifically, as shown in figure 1, the using state schematic diagram of the combined blades of the ring flaker is shown, a plurality of groups of the combined blades are arranged between an inner side impeller 8 and an outer side knife ring 11, each fly knife 2 is correspondingly fixed on a fly knife supporting seat 10 and is fixedly matched with the wear-resistant plate 1 at the bottom of the fly knife supporting seat 10, and the blades, the multiple groups of combined blades are uniformly arranged at intervals in a surrounding mode along the circumferential direction of the cutter ring 11, the wood chips 9 enter the cutting cavity and are cut by the knife edge of the fly cutter 2, the thickness of cutting chips is determined by the extension amount of the fly cutter 2 and the gap between the fly cutter 2 and the adjacent wear-resisting plate 1, the flaker is widely applied in production, and the flaker has high requirements on the service performance of the combined blades.
The assembly usability of the combined blade is closely related to the machining precision of each part, the machining of the combined blade at present is mainly completed by the procedures of turning, milling and the like, the machining precision of each part is not controlled ideally, the problems of difficult blade installation, poor matching, difficult control of cutting thickness and the like are caused when the combined blade is used, the yield and the efficiency of the planing blade are influenced, the inconvenience is brought to actual production, and how to effectively ensure the machining precision of each part is pursued by the industry with a neutral mark.
Through retrieval, the technical improvement of the blade for forestry has been disclosed in patents, such as Chinese patent application No.: 2013104478215, filing date: in 2013, 9 and 27 months, the invention and creation name is: the cutter ring device comprises an impeller and a cutter ring arranged on the outer side of the impeller, the cutter ring consists of a plurality of planer tool devices, the planer tool devices are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the impeller, the planer tool devices are fixedly connected with the impeller, each planer tool device comprises a tool rest, a tool adjusting plate arranged between the tool rest and the impeller, a cutter arranged on one side of the tool rest, a cutter pressing plate used for fixing the cutter and a fastening screw; the knife adjusting plate is fixedly connected with the knife rest, the knife is arranged at an included angle with the radial direction of the impeller, the tip of the knife close to the impeller extends out of the knife rest by 0.9-1mm towards the impeller direction, and the gap between the impeller and the knife ring is 2-4 mm. The application improves the thickness of the wood which can be processed and the slicing efficiency by enlarging the clearance between the knife ring devices, but the application improves the structure design, does not adjust the processing technology of the knife, and still has great improvement space for the processing precision.
Also as in chinese patent application No.: 2017102010321, filing date: 3, 30 months in 2017, the name of the invention is: a high-precision disc rolling shear blade and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the rolling shear is manufactured by adopting the following method: step 1, rough machining is carried out, and a fine machining allowance is kept to be 0.40-0.60 mm; step 2, quenching, putting into hot oil or nitrate to 140 ℃, and taking out; step 3, carrying out cryogenic treatment, and keeping the temperature for 4-6h in an environment of-140 to-160 ℃; step 4, tempering, heating to 500 ℃ and 10 ℃, preserving heat for 3 hours, discharging, and cooling to room temperature; step 5, grinding; and step 6, polishing, namely polishing the workpiece until the dimensional tolerance is-0.001 mm and the surface roughness is less than Ra0.07um. The application can effectively improve various quality indexes of the roller shear blade, has the beneficial effects of prolonging the service life and improving the shearing processing quality, but the application does not obviously improve the processing precision of how to control the blade.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the processing precision of a forestry combined blade is not high and the use effect is influenced in the prior art, and provides a blade wear-resisting plate and a processing and detecting method thereof.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a machining detection method of a blade wear-resisting plate, which comprises the following steps:
step one, machining a wear-resisting plate, comprising the following steps of:
s1, roughly machining the surface of the wear-resisting plate blank, and punching a plurality of mounting holes;
s2, roughly turning, namely, machining a boss on the wear-resistant plate and a first step surface and a second step surface on two sides below the boss by using a milling machine to enable the heights of the first step surface and the second step surface to be equal;
s3, roughly machining a knife edge, namely machining a first inclined plane, a second inclined plane and a third inclined plane at two ends of the wear-resisting plate in the width direction by adopting a planer, wherein the third inclined plane is an inclined plane adjacent to the first step surface;
s4, heat treatment;
s5, grinding;
s6, checking; the appearance and the size of the wear-resisting plate are detected, the first detection tool is used for detecting the width of the boss, and the second detection tool is used for synchronously detecting the inclination angle of the first inclined plane and the width of the planes of the two sides of the boss.
Further, the heat treatment process in step S4 is as follows: firstly, putting an abrasion-resistant plate into a salt furnace, heating to 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 25-35 min, heating to 840-860 ℃, preserving heat for 5-15 min, and then putting into an oil pool for cooling; and (4) putting the cooled wear-resisting plate into a nitrate furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 390-410 ℃, and the tempering time is 2.5-3.5 h.
Further, the grinding process in step S5 is as follows: and (3) carrying out coarse grinding and then fine grinding on each plane of the wear-resisting plate by adopting a surface grinding machine, and carrying out stress relief tempering on the wear-resisting plate by adopting a thermal cycle trolley furnace after the fine grinding.
Furthermore, the tempering temperature of the stress-relief tempering in the step S5 is 390 to 410 ℃, and the tempering time is 2.5 to 3.5 hours.
Further, in the step S5, when the both side surfaces of the wear plate in the width direction are subjected to the finish grinding, the process is as follows: the wear-resistant plate is erected along the width direction, the columnar core rod penetrates through the mounting holes at two ends of the length direction of the wear-resistant plate respectively, the upper wall face of the mounting hole is tightly propped against the core rod, two ends of the core rod are fixed, the accurate grinding machining amount of the upper side face of the wear-resistant plate in the width direction is controlled according to the distance between the machining cutter and the top of the core rod, after the machining of the upper side face is completed, the width direction of the wear-resistant plate is reversed from top to bottom, the process is the same as the above, and.
Furthermore, in the step S5, when the upper and lower planes in the thickness direction of the wear-resistant plate are ground, the edge of the grinding tool is inclined, and an included angle γ between the tangent line of the edge of the grinding tool and the plane of the wear-resistant plate is 5-15 °.
Further, the detection process of the first gauge in step S6 is as follows: the first through groove and the stopping groove which are distributed at intervals are formed in the first checking fixture, the width of the through groove and the width of the stopping groove are designed according to the width of the boss respectively, the width of the through groove is equal to the upper limit value of the width of the boss, the width of the stopping groove is equal to the lower limit value of the width of the boss, the through groove and the stopping groove are sleeved in the boss to slide during detection, the boss which is qualified in processing can pass through the through groove, and the boss cannot pass through the stopping groove.
Further, the detection process of the second gauge in step S6 is as follows: the second detection tool is of a frustum pyramid structure with two obliquely designed sides, the left side inclined plane of the second detection tool is a detection inclined plane, the inclination degree of the detection inclined plane is correspondingly designed according to the standard inclination angle of the first inclined plane, a matching groove matched with the boss is formed in the second detection tool, planes on two sides of the matching groove are correspondingly and closely matched with the first step surface and the second step surface, the width of the planes on two sides of the matching groove is designed according to the standard width of the first step surface and the second step surface, the second detection tool is clamped and sleeved on the boss during detection, the left wall surface of the matching groove is close to the boss, and whether the detection inclined plane of the second detection tool is exactly positioned on the same plane with the first inclined plane is detected; in a similar way, the right wall surface of the matching groove is tightly attached to the boss, and whether the right inclined surface of the second detection tool is exactly positioned on the same plane with the third inclined surface of the wear-resisting plate is detected.
The blade wear-resisting plate is manufactured by the machining detection method.
Furthermore, an included angle alpha between the first inclined surface of the wear-resisting plate and the front of the second stepped surface is 40-60 degrees, an included angle beta between the second inclined surface and the boss in the thickness direction is 45-57 degrees, and when the included angle alpha is increased, the included angle beta is reduced.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following remarkable effects:
(1) according to the machining detection method for the wear-resisting plate of the blade, disclosed by the invention, the machining precision of the wear-resisting plate can be effectively improved through strict process control of each procedure, so that the machining precision of each part of the combined blade is effectively improved, the installation is convenient, and the use effect is obviously improved.
(2) According to the machining detection method for the blade wear-resisting plate, the two opposite side surfaces of the blank are milled simultaneously by the double-head double-sided milling machine during rough machining, the blank can be machined by only once clamping and positioning, and the machining precision of the distance between the two side surfaces is guaranteed.
(3) According to the processing and detecting method of the blade wear-resisting plate, the knife edges of the grinding tools are obliquely arranged, the included angle gamma between the knife edge tangent line of the grinding tools and the plane to be processed is 5-15 degrees, the knife edges of the grinding tools are distributed in the annular circumferential direction, and the plane to be processed is linearly ground in the annular circumferential direction during processing, so that linear contact grinding is formed between the grinding knife edges and the plane to be processed, and the method is not traditional surface contact grinding, is beneficial to reducing contact surfaces, improving grinding processing precision and guaranteeing grinding uniformity.
(4) According to the machining detection method for the blade wear-resisting plate, disclosed by the invention, when the planes on two sides of the central hole are ground, the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the central hole are positioned skillfully by using the core rod, and the distances from the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the central hole to the two side surfaces are ensured to be equal, so that the position precision of the central hole is ensured, namely the machining precision of the planes on two sides of the central hole is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art ring flaker showing the use of composite blades;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the wear plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the positioning of the core rod in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the fly cutter of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a left side schematic view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a blade according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a left side schematic view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a first fixture of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a second fixture of the present invention in use;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a third fixture of the present invention in use;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of the grinding process of the wear plate of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the schematic drawings illustrate:
1. a wear plate; 101. a boss; 102. mounting holes; 103. a first step surface; 104. a first inclined plane; 105. a second inclined plane; 106. a second step surface;
2. flying a cutter; 201. mounting grooves; 202. a fabrication hole;
3. a blade; 301. an assembly hole; 4. a core rod;
5. a first gauge; 501. a through groove; 502. a through stopping groove; 6. a second gauge; 601. a mating groove; 602. detecting an inclined plane;
7. a third gauge; 701. a clamping groove; 702. a mating bevel; 703. a second mating surface; 704. a first mating surface; 705. a vertical section; 706. an inner inclined section;
8. an impeller; 9. wood chips; 10. a fly cutter supporting seat; 11. a knife ring; 12. and (5) grinding the cutter.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the forestry composite blade of the present embodiment mainly comprises a wear plate 1, a fly cutter 2 and a blade 3 used on a ring flaker, wherein the fit relationship and the principle of use between the wear plate 1, the fly-cutter 2 and the blade 3 is shown in fig. 1, here prior art, and not described in detail, the chips cut by the wood chips 9 are discharged from the gap between the adjacent fly cutter 2 and the wear plate 1, the size of the gap has obvious influence on the thickness of the cutting scraps and the processing capacity of the planing piece, and the size of the gap is closely related to the processing precision of each part when the planing piece is assembled, therefore, higher requirements are put on the machining precision of each part, the machining precision of each part also influences the final matched installation, and the production process of the embodiment mainly aims at respectively machining the key parts (the wear-resistant plate 1, the fly cutter 2 and the blade 3) of the combined blade with high precision.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the respective processing procedures of the wear-resistant plate 1, the fly cutter 2, and the blade 3 do not have the requirement of a sequential order, and each component is mounted and matched after being processed separately, specifically, the processing method of the forestry combination blade of this embodiment includes the following steps:
step one, the machining of the wear-resisting plate 1 comprises the following steps:
s1, rough machining the blank surface of the wear-resistant plate 1, leaving machining allowance of 0.2mm on each surface (in this embodiment, all machining allowance technicians can adjust and change according to actual production requirements, and will not be described below), and punching a plurality of mounting holes 102; this blank is cuboid platelike structure, adopt the two-sided milling machine of double-end to carry out milling process simultaneously to two relative sides (being two sides of length, width, thickness direction) of blank during rough machining, two milling cutter intervals that set up relatively promptly confirm the distance between two relative sides of blank according to the production size requirement, the processing of two relative sides can be accomplished to the blank only need a centre gripping location, the machining precision of distance between two sides has been guaranteed, compare with traditional single face processing, many times clamping, size machining precision has effectively been improved. After each plane rough machining milling is finished, a plurality of mounting holes 102 are punched and cut in one step by adopting an integral die.
And S2, roughly turning, namely, machining the boss 101 on the wear plate 1 and the first step surface 103 and the second step surface 106 on two sides below the boss 101 by using a milling machine, so that the heights of the first step surface 103 and the second step surface 106 are equal.
S3, roughly machining a knife edge, roughly machining a first knife edge and a second knife edge of the wear-resistant plate 1, specifically machining a first inclined plane 104, a second inclined plane 105 and a third inclined plane at two ends of the wear-resistant plate 1 in the width direction by using a gantry planer, wherein the third inclined plane is an inclined plane adjacent to the first step plane 103; as shown in fig. 3, the first inclined surface 104 is a first blade edge and is fitted to and fixed to the fly cutter 2 on one side in use, and the second inclined surface 105 is a second blade edge and forms a gap for discharging chips between the fly cutter 2 adjacent to the other side in use. The included angle alpha between the first inclined surface 104 and the front part of the second step surface 106 is 40 degrees, the included angle beta between the second inclined surface 105 and the thickness direction of the boss 101 is 57 degrees, the size of alpha + beta is 95-117 degrees, when alpha is increased, beta is reduced, and when alpha is reduced, beta is increased. The control of the sizes of alpha and beta is significant to final installation and use, and production practices find that when alpha exceeds the range of 40-60 degrees, the alpha is extremely easy to clamp scraps between the flying cutter 2 which is matched and fixed, and even causes the problem of cutter breakage; the size of beta influences the chip thickness and the production capacity, and when the blade is used in the embodiment, a chip removal gap of 2-2.8 mm is formed between the second inclined surface 105 and the adjacent fly cutter 2, so that the production capacity is obviously improved, the abrasion to each part is small, and the service life of the blade is long.
S4, heat treatment; firstly, putting the wear-resistant plate 1 into a salt furnace, heating to 540 ℃, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 840 ℃, preserving heat for 5min, and then putting into an oil pool for cooling; after cooling to normal atmospheric temperature, put into the saltpeter stove with antifriction plate 1 and temper, tempering temperature 390 ℃, tempering time 2.5h, this embodiment adopts the secondary mode of tempering to antifriction plate 1, and twice tempering temperature is the same with tempering time, and in the time of just tempering, with the stack of multiple antifriction plate 1 compress tightly the saltpeter stove between two clamp plates again, effectively reduces antifriction plate 1 and warp.
S5, grinding; specifically, a surface grinding machine is adopted to perform rough grinding processing and then fine grinding processing on each plane (the rough grinding processing allowance and the fine grinding processing allowance in the embodiment can be adjusted and changed by technicians according to actual production requirements, and are not described in the following), each plane is separately processed, when two planes in the thickness direction of the wear-resistant plate 1 are ground, as shown in fig. 12, the knife edges of the grinding tools 12 are obliquely arranged, the included angle gamma between the knife edge tangent line of the grinding tool 12 and the plane of the wear-resistant plate 1 is 5 degrees, the knife edges of the plurality of grinding tools 12 are distributed in the circumferential direction in an annular shape, and the abrasion-resistant plate 1 is rotated along the annular circumference during processing to carry out linear grinding, so that linear contact type grinding is formed between the grinding knife edge and the abrasion-resistant plate 1, the non-traditional surface contact type grinding is beneficial to reducing the contact surface, improving the grinding machining precision and ensuring the grinding uniformity, and the machining deformation of the wear-resisting plate 1 is small.
It should be noted that, in the actual production, how to ensure the position accuracy of two planes when the two side surfaces of the wear plate 1 in the width direction are accurately ground is always a difficult problem to solve, as shown in fig. 4, the production requires that the mounting hole 102 is located at the center position of the wear plate 1 in the width direction, that is, the distance between the center position of the mounting hole 102 and the upper and lower end surfaces in fig. 4 should be the same, but it is difficult to locate the center position of the mounting hole 102 when the wear plate 1 is located and clamped, so that it is difficult to ensure that the mounting hole 102 can be located at the center position of the width direction after grinding, which results in frequent problems in.
In this embodiment, the installation hole 102 is skillfully positioned by using the mandrel 4, as shown in fig. 4, during the specific fine grinding process, the wear-resistant plate 1 is erected along the width direction and is positioned and clamped, the columnar mandrel 4 is adopted to respectively penetrate through the installation holes 102 at both ends of the wear-resistant plate 1 in the length direction, the mandrel 4 tightly pushes the upper wall surface of the installation hole 102, and both ends of the mandrel 4 are fixed, so that the mandrel 4 always tightly pushes the upper wall surface of the installation hole 102 and does not shake during the process of machining, the positioning is performed according to the distance from the tool bit of the machining tool to the top of the mandrel 4, the fine grinding amount of the upper side surface in fig. 4 by the machining tool is controlled, so that finally, the distance from the upper side surface in the width direction of the wear-resistant plate 1 to the top of the mandrel 4 is L1, after the machining of the upper side surface is completed, the wear-resistant plate 1 is turned, the distance between the cutter head of the machining cutter and the top of the mandrel 4 is positioned according to the distance between the cutter head of the machining cutter and the top of the mandrel 4, the fine grinding machining amount of the machining cutter on the lower side face in the figure 4 is controlled, the distance between the lower side face in the width direction of the final wear-resisting plate 1 and the top of the mandrel 4 is made to be L2, and the distance between the cutter head of the machining cutter and the top of the mandrel 4 is controlled to be equal when two sides are machined, so that L1 is equal to L2, namely. The inventor changes the traditional thought, does not put the center of the mounting hole 102 into position, but ensures that the distances from the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the mounting hole 102 to the two side surfaces are equal by means of the positioning of the core rod 4, thereby ensuring the processing precision of the upper side and the lower side in the width direction.
After finishing fine grinding of each plane of the wear-resisting plate 1, the thermal cycle trolley furnace is adopted to carry out destressing tempering on the wear-resisting plate 1, the tempering temperature is 390 ℃, the tempering time is 2.5h, and the internal residual stress is further eliminated.
S6, checking; after the machining is finished, except that the appearance and the machining size of the wear-resistant plate 1 are subjected to conventional inspection, the width of the boss 101, the width of planes on two sides of the boss 101, the gradient of the first inclined plane 104 and the gradient of the second inclined plane 105 and the like need to be accurately detected, so that the final machining quality of the wear-resistant plate 1 is confirmed, and the wear-resistant plate 1 is well matched with other parts for use. Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, the first detection tool 5 is used for detecting the width of the boss 101, through grooves 501 and a stopping groove 502 which are distributed at intervals are formed in the first detection tool 5, the widths of the through grooves 501 and the stopping groove 502 are respectively designed according to the width of the boss 101, the width of the through groove 501 is equal to the upper limit value of the width of the boss 101, the stopping groove 502 is equal to the lower limit value of the width of the boss 101, the through grooves 501 and the stopping groove 502 are respectively sleeved into the boss 101 to slide during detection, and the boss 101 which is qualified in processing can pass through the through grooves 501 and cannot pass through the stopping groove 502.
As shown in fig. 10, in the present embodiment, a second detection tool 6 is used to synchronously detect the inclination angle (i.e. the size of the included angle α) of the first inclined plane 104 and the width of the two side planes of the boss 101 (i.e. the first step plane 103 and the second step plane 106), the second detection tool 6 is a frustum-shaped structure with two inclined sides, the left side inclined plane of the second detection tool is a detection inclined plane 602, the inclination degree of the detection inclined plane is designed according to the standard inclination angle of the first inclined plane 104, a matching groove 601 matched with the boss 101 is formed in the second detection tool 6, the two sides of the matching groove 601 are respectively in corresponding close fit with the first step plane 103 and the second step plane 106, the two sides of the matching groove 601 are designed according to the standard widths of the first step plane 103 and the second step plane 106, when detecting, the second detection tool 6 is clamped on the boss 101, and the left wall surface of the matching groove 601 is close to the boss 101, so as to detect whether the detection inclined plane 602 of the second, whether the inclination angle of the first inclined plane 104 and the width of the second step surface 106 are qualified or not can be detected, and similarly, whether the inclination angle of the third inclined plane and the width of the first step surface 103 are qualified or not can be detected by closely abutting the right wall surface of the matching groove 601 with the boss 101 and detecting whether the right inclined plane of the second detection tool 6 is exactly located on the same plane with the third inclined plane of the wear-resisting plate 1.
As shown in fig. 11, in the present embodiment, a third detection tool 7 is used for detecting the second inclined surface 105 of the wear plate 1, specifically, a snap groove 701 matched with the boss 101 is formed in the third detection tool 7, two side planes of the snap groove 701 are a second mating surface 703 and a first mating surface 704, respectively, a width of the second mating surface 703 is designed according to a standard width of the second step surface 106, and a mating inclined surface 702 adjacent to the second mating surface 703 is designed according to a standard inclination angle of the first inclined surface 104, so that the third detection tool 7 can also detect an inclination angle of the first inclined surface 104 and a width of the second step surface 106; the end of the first mating face 704 is provided with a convex standing section 705, the top end of the standing section 705 is provided with an inner inclined section 706 extending towards the direction close to the clamping groove 701, the width of the first mating face 704 is designed to ensure that when the right side of the clamping groove 701 abuts against the boss 101, the inner side of the upstanding section 705 abuts the right end of the wear plate 1 (in the orientation of fig. 11) and the angle of inclination of the inner inclined section 706 is designed to correspond to the standard angle of inclination of the second inclined surface 105, and in particular, it should be noted that, in this case, the inner inclined section 706 does not abut the second inclined surface 105, but is distributed in parallel with the second inclined plane 105 with a certain gap kept, whether the inclination angle of the second inclined plane 105 is qualified is detected through whether the inner wall surface of the inner inclined section 706 is parallel with the second inclined plane 105, whether the clearance is 2-2.8 mm or not is detected to judge whether the second inclined surface 105 of the wear-resisting plate 1 and the adjacent fly cutter 2 can form a chip removal clearance of 2-2.8 mm during final installation.
This embodiment carries out the accurate detection to each item processing technology of antifriction plate 1 through a plurality of examines, guarantees its machining precision, ensures its good use, and each examines a simple structure, and it is convenient to detect, and especially adapted workshop operation uses.
Step two, the machining of the fly cutter 2 comprises the following steps:
p1, roughly processing the blank surface of the fly cutter 2, and punching an installation groove 201 and a fabrication hole 202; specifically, the blank of the fly cutter 2 is also of a cuboid plate-shaped structure, two opposite side faces are milled simultaneously by the double-head double-face milling machine, the clamping times can be effectively reduced, the processing precision is improved, and after the rough milling of each surface is finished, a plurality of mounting grooves 201 and the whole process holes 202 are punched.
P2, heat treatment; the process is as follows: firstly, putting the fly cutter into a salt furnace, heating to 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 25-35 min, then heating to 830-850 ℃, preserving heat for 5-15 min, and then putting into an oil pool for cooling; after cooling, putting the mixture into a nitrate furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 370-390 ℃, and the tempering time is 2.5-3.5 h; specifically, the fly cutter 2 is firstly placed into a salt furnace to be heated to 540 ℃, the temperature is kept for 25min, then is heated to 830 ℃, the temperature is kept for 5min, and then is placed into an oil pool to be cooled; and cooling to normal temperature, then placing the blank into a nitrate furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 370 ℃, the tempering time is 2.5 hours, and the blank is placed into the nitrate furnace after the plurality of flying knives 2 are overlapped and compressed during tempering.
P3, grinding; the process is as follows: coarse grinding and then fine grinding are carried out on each plane of the fly cutter by adopting a plane grinder, and after the fine grinding, stress relief tempering is carried out on the fly cutter by adopting a thermal cycle trolley furnace, wherein the tempering temperature is 370-390 ℃, and the tempering time is 2.5-3.5 h; specifically, each plane of the fly cutter 2 is subjected to coarse grinding and then fine grinding by adopting a plane grinder, wherein the grinding cutter 12 which is obliquely arranged is also adopted for line contact type grinding during the fine grinding, so that the grinding uniformity is effectively guaranteed, the processing precision is improved, and after the fine grinding is finished, the fly cutter 2 is subjected to stress relief tempering by adopting a thermal cycle trolley furnace, the tempering temperature is 370 ℃, and the tempering time is 2.5 hours.
P4, checking; and the appearance and various process dimensions of the tempered fly cutter 2 are routinely detected, so that the qualified machining is guaranteed, the precision requirement is met, and further description is omitted.
Step three, the processing of the blade 3 comprises the following steps:
q1, roughly machining the surface of the blade 3 blank, and punching an assembly hole 301; the blank of the blade 3 is also of a cuboid plate-shaped structure, two opposite side faces are simultaneously milled by a double-head double-face milling machine, and a plurality of assembling holes 301 are integrally punched at one time.
Q2, heat treatment; the process is as follows: firstly, putting the leaves into a salt furnace, heating to 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 25-35 min, then heating to 840-860 ℃, preserving heat for 5-15 min, and then putting into an oil pool for cooling; cooling to normal temperature, and then putting into a nitrate furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 390-410 ℃, and the tempering time is 2.5-3.5 h; specifically, firstly, the leaf 3 is put into a salt furnace to be heated to 540 ℃, and is kept warm for 25min, then is heated to 840 ℃, and is kept warm for 5min, and then is put into an oil pool to be cooled; and cooling to normal temperature, then putting the blade into a nitrate furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 390 ℃, the tempering time is 2.5 hours, and during tempering, the plurality of blades 3 are overlapped and compressed and then put into the nitrate furnace.
Q3, grinding; the process is as follows: the method comprises the following steps of firstly carrying out coarse grinding and then fine grinding on each plane of a blade by adopting a surface grinding machine, carrying out destressing tempering on the blade by adopting a thermal cycle trolley furnace after the fine grinding, wherein the tempering temperature is 390-410 ℃, and the tempering time is 2.5-3.5 hours, specifically, carrying out coarse grinding and then fine grinding on each plane of the blade 3 by adopting the surface grinding machine, wherein the same process is carried out, it needs to be stated that an assembly hole 301 is also positioned at the center position of the width direction of the blade 3 during production and processing, in the embodiment, the fine grinding of two side surfaces of the blade 3 in the width direction is completed by adopting a method of positioning by a core rod 4, so that the processing precision of the blade 3 is; and after the finish grinding processing is finished, a thermal cycle bogie hearth furnace is adopted to carry out destressing tempering on the blade 3, the tempering temperature is 390 ℃, and the tempering time is 2.5 h.
Q4, checking; and (3) performing conventional detection on the appearance and various process sizes of the tempered blade 3, ensuring that the blade is qualified in processing and meeting the precision requirement.
In the embodiment, the processing sequence of the first step, the second step and the third step is not limited successively, the wear-resisting plate 1, the fly cutter 2 and the blade 3 are processed with high precision respectively and then are matched and fixedly installed with other parts for use, the strict process control of each process is realized through the embodiment, the processing precision of the wear-resisting plate 1, the fly cutter 2 and the blade 3 can be effectively improved, the wear-resisting plate 1, the fly cutter 2 and the blade 3 processed by the process are high in precision and good in performance, the subsequent accurate installation and good use of the wear-resisting plate 1, the fly cutter 2 and the blade 3 are guaranteed, and the enterprise production benefit is obviously improved.
Example 2
The processing method of the forestry combination blade of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, an included angle α between the first inclined surface 104 of the wear plate 1 and the second step surface 106 is 60 °, and an included angle β between the second inclined surface 105 and the thickness direction of the boss 101 is 45 °;
in step S4: firstly, putting the wear-resistant plate 1 into a salt furnace, heating to 560 ℃, preserving heat for 35min, then heating to 860 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, and then putting into an oil pool for cooling; after cooling to normal temperature, putting the wear-resistant plate 1 into a nitrate furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 410 ℃, and the tempering time is 3.5 hours;
in step S5: the knife edge of the grinding tool 12 is obliquely arranged, and the included angle gamma between the knife edge tangent line of the grinding tool 12 and the plane of the wear-resisting plate 1 is 15 degrees; after finishing fine grinding of each plane of the wear-resisting plate 1, performing destressing tempering on the wear-resisting plate 1 by adopting a thermal cycle trolley furnace, wherein the tempering temperature is 410 ℃, and the tempering time is 3.5 hours;
in step P2: firstly, placing the fly cutter 2 into a salt furnace, heating to 560 ℃, preserving heat for 35min, then heating to 850 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, and then placing into an oil pool for cooling; cooling to normal temperature, and tempering in a nitrate furnace at 390 deg.c for 3.5 hr;
in step P3: after the finish grinding is finished, a thermal cycle trolley furnace is adopted to carry out destressing tempering on the fly cutter 2, the tempering temperature is 390 ℃, and the tempering time is 3.5 h;
in step Q2: firstly, putting the blade 3 into a salt furnace to be heated to 560 ℃, preserving heat for 35min, then heating to 860 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, and then putting into an oil pool to be cooled; cooling to normal temperature, and tempering in a nitrate furnace at 410 deg.c for 3.5 hr;
in step Q3: and after finishing the fine grinding, performing destressing tempering on the blade 3 by adopting a thermal cycle bogie hearth furnace, wherein the tempering temperature is 410 ℃, and the tempering time is 3.5 h.
Example 3
The method for processing the forestry combined blade in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, an included angle α between the first inclined surface 104 of the wear plate 1 and the second step surface 106 is 50 °, and an included angle β between the second inclined surface 105 and the thickness direction of the boss 101 is 51 °;
in step S4: firstly, putting the wear-resistant plate 1 into a salt furnace, heating to 550 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, then heating to 850 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, and then putting into an oil pool for cooling; after cooling to normal temperature, putting the wear-resisting plate 1 into a nitrate furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 400 ℃, and the tempering time is 3 hours;
in step S5: the knife edge of the grinding tool 12 is obliquely arranged, and the included angle gamma between the knife edge tangent line of the grinding tool 12 and the plane of the wear-resisting plate 1 is 10 degrees; after finishing fine grinding of each plane of the wear-resisting plate 1, performing destressing tempering on the wear-resisting plate 1 by adopting a thermal cycle trolley furnace, wherein the tempering temperature is 400 ℃, and the tempering time is 3 hours;
in step P2: firstly, placing the fly cutter 2 into a salt furnace, heating to 550 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, then heating to 840 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, and then placing into an oil pool for cooling; cooling to normal temperature, and tempering in a nitrate furnace at 380 deg.c for 3 hr;
in step P3: after the finish grinding is finished, a thermal cycle trolley furnace is adopted to carry out stress relief tempering on the fly cutter 2, the tempering temperature is 380 ℃, and the tempering time is 3 hours;
in step Q2: firstly, putting the leaves 3 into a salt furnace to be heated to 550 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, then heating to 850 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, and then putting into an oil pool to be cooled; cooling to normal temperature, and tempering in a nitrate furnace at 400 deg.c for 3 hr;
in step Q3: after the finish grinding processing is finished, a thermal cycle bogie hearth furnace is adopted to carry out destressing tempering on the blade 3, the tempering temperature is 400 ℃, and the tempering time is 3 hours.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A machining detection method for a blade wear-resisting plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, roughly machining the surface of the blank of the wear-resisting plate (1), and punching a plurality of mounting holes (102);
s2, roughly turning, namely machining a boss (101) on the wear-resisting plate (1) and a first step surface (103) and a second step surface (106) on two sides below the boss (101) by adopting a milling machine, so that the heights of the first step surface (103) and the second step surface (106) are equal;
s3, roughly machining a knife edge, namely machining a first inclined plane (104), a second inclined plane (105) and a third inclined plane at two ends of the wear-resisting plate (1) in the width direction by using a planer, wherein the third inclined plane is an inclined plane adjacent to the first step surface (103); an included angle alpha between the first inclined surface (104) and the front part of the second step surface (106) is 40 degrees, an included angle beta between the second inclined surface (105) and the thickness direction of the boss (101) is 57 degrees, the size of alpha + beta is 95-117 degrees, when alpha is increased, beta is reduced, and when alpha is reduced, beta is increased;
s4, heat treatment;
s5, grinding; the process is as follows: the method comprises the following steps of firstly carrying out coarse grinding and then fine grinding on each plane of the wear-resisting plate (1) by adopting a plane grinder, and then carrying out stress relief tempering on the wear-resisting plate (1) by adopting a thermal cycle trolley furnace after the fine grinding; wherein when carrying out the finish machining to the both sides face of antifriction plate (1) width direction, the process is as follows: the wear-resisting plate (1) is erected along the width direction, a columnar core rod (4) penetrates through mounting holes (102) at two ends of the wear-resisting plate (1) in the length direction respectively, the core rod (4) tightly pushes the upper wall surface of the mounting holes (102), two ends of the core rod (4) are fixed, the finish grinding machining amount of the upper side surface of the wear-resisting plate (1) in the width direction is controlled according to the distance between a machining cutter and the top of the core rod (4), after the upper side surface is machined, the wear-resisting plate (1) is reversed in the width direction, the process is the same as the above, and the finish grinding machining of the other side surface in the width direction is carried out; when the upper plane and the lower plane of the wear-resistant plate (1) in the thickness direction are respectively ground, the edge of a grinding tool (12) is obliquely arranged, and the included angle gamma between the tangent line of the edge of the grinding tool (12) and the plane of the wear-resistant plate (1) is 5-15 degrees;
s6, checking, namely detecting the appearance and the size of the wear-resisting plate (1), detecting the width of the boss (101) by adopting a first detection tool (5), synchronously detecting the inclination angle of the first inclined plane (104) and the width of planes on two sides of the boss (101) by adopting a second detection tool (6), and detecting the second inclined plane (105) of the wear-resisting plate (1) by adopting a third detection tool (7);
the detection process of the second detection tool (6) is as follows: the second detection tool (6) is of a frustum pyramid structure with two obliquely designed sides, the left side inclined surface of the second detection tool is a detection inclined surface (602), the inclination degree of the detection inclined surface is correspondingly designed according to the standard inclination angle of the first inclined surface (104), a matching groove (601) matched with the boss (101) is formed in the second detection tool (6), the planes on the two sides of the matching groove (601) are respectively and correspondingly and closely matched with the first step surface (103) and the second step surface (106), the width of the planes on the two sides of the matching groove (601) is designed according to the standard width of the first step surface (103) and the second step surface (106), the second detection tool (6) is clamped and sleeved on the boss (101) during detection, the left wall surface of the matching groove (601) is close to the boss (101), and whether the detection inclined surface (602) of the second detection tool (6) is exactly positioned on the same plane with the first inclined surface (104) is detected; similarly, the right wall surface of the matching groove (601) is close to the boss (101), and whether the right inclined surface of the second detection tool (6) is exactly positioned on the same plane with the third inclined surface of the wear-resisting plate (1) is detected;
the detection process of the third detection tool (7) is as follows: a clamping groove (701) matched with the boss (101) is formed in the third detection tool (7), two side planes of the clamping groove (701) are a second matching surface (703) and a first matching surface (704) respectively, the width of the second matching surface (703) is designed according to the standard width of the second step surface (106), and a matching inclined surface (702) adjacent to the second matching surface (703) is designed according to the standard inclination angle of the first inclined surface (104); the end part of the first matching surface (704) is provided with a convex vertical section (705), the top end of the vertical section (705) is provided with an inner inclined section (706) extending towards the direction close to the clamping groove (701), the width of the first matching surface (704) is designed to ensure that when the right side of the clamping groove (701) is close to the boss (101), the inner side of the vertical section (705) is just close to the right end of the wear-resisting plate (1), and the inclination angle of the inner inclined section (706) is designed according to the standard inclination angle of the second inclined surface (105); at the moment, the inner inclined section (706) is not tightly attached to the second inclined plane (105), but is distributed in parallel with the second inclined plane (105) and keeps a certain gap, whether the inclination angle of the second inclined plane (105) is qualified or not is detected through whether the inner wall surface of the inner inclined section (706) is parallel to the second inclined plane (105), and whether a chip removal gap of 2-2.8 mm can be formed between the second inclined plane (105) of the wear-resisting plate (1) and the adjacent fly cutter (2) during final installation is judged through detecting whether the gap is 2-2.8 mm or not.
2. The machining inspection method of an insert wear plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat treatment process in step S4 is as follows: firstly, putting an abrasion-resistant plate (1) into a salt furnace, heating to 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 25-35 min, heating to 840-860 ℃, preserving heat for 5-15 min, and then putting into an oil pool for cooling; and (3) putting the cooled wear-resisting plate (1) into a nitrate furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 390-410 ℃, and the tempering time is 2.5-3.5 h.
3. The machining inspection method of an insert wear plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S5, the tempering temperature for stress relief tempering is 390 to 410 ℃, and the tempering time is 2.5 to 3.5 hours.
4. The machining inspection method of an insert wear plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the detection process of the first detection tool (5) in the step S6 is as follows: the first detection tool (5) is internally provided with a through groove (501) and a stopping through groove (502) which are distributed at intervals, the width of the through groove (501) and the width of the stopping through groove (502) are respectively designed according to the width of the boss (101), the width of the through groove (501) is equal to the upper limit value of the width of the boss (101), the width of the stopping through groove (502) is equal to the lower limit value of the width of the boss (101), the through groove (501) and the stopping through groove (502) are sleeved in the boss (101) to slide in detection, the boss (101) qualified in processing can pass through the through groove (501), and cannot pass through the stopping through groove (502).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811502262.2A CN109591142B (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2017-07-20 | Blade wear-resisting plate and machining detection method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710597092.XA CN107186849B (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2017-07-20 | Production process of high-precision forestry combined blade |
| CN201811502262.2A CN109591142B (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2017-07-20 | Blade wear-resisting plate and machining detection method thereof |
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| CN201710597092.XA Division CN107186849B (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2017-07-20 | Production process of high-precision forestry combined blade |
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| CN201710597092.XA Active CN107186849B (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2017-07-20 | Production process of high-precision forestry combined blade |
| CN201811502261.8A Pending CN109318330A (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2017-07-20 | The blade and its processing method of chipper composite blade |
| CN201811502264.1A Active CN109591143B (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2017-07-20 | Wear-resisting plate of forestry combined blade and production process thereof |
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| CN201811502261.8A Pending CN109318330A (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2017-07-20 | The blade and its processing method of chipper composite blade |
| CN201811502264.1A Active CN109591143B (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2017-07-20 | Wear-resisting plate of forestry combined blade and production process thereof |
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| CN109732278A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-10 | 苏州瑞得恩自动化设备科技有限公司 | A kind of processing technology of high-precision electronic scale motor plate |
| CN110227912B (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2021-04-16 | 缙云县耐而特机械制造有限公司 | Manufacturing method of vane pump |
| CN115533748B (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2024-09-20 | 张家港中天达工具有限公司 | Multi-station bolt clipper blade clamp for grinding and control method thereof |
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- 2017-07-20 CN CN201811502261.8A patent/CN109318330A/en active Pending
- 2017-07-20 CN CN201811502264.1A patent/CN109591143B/en active Active
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| CN109591142A (en) | 2019-04-09 |
| CN109591143B (en) | 2021-03-02 |
| CN109318330A (en) | 2019-02-12 |
| CN107186849A (en) | 2017-09-22 |
| CN107186849B (en) | 2021-02-05 |
| CN109591143A (en) | 2019-04-09 |
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