CN103707024B - A kind of preparation method of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN103707024B CN103707024B CN201310723813.9A CN201310723813A CN103707024B CN 103707024 B CN103707024 B CN 103707024B CN 201310723813 A CN201310723813 A CN 201310723813A CN 103707024 B CN103707024 B CN 103707024B
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
- B23P15/40—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools shearing tools
- B23P15/406—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools shearing tools rotary or plane die cutters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/22—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for drills; for milling cutters; for machine cutting tools
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade, belong to tooling cost field.The steps include: that the raw material of step one, longitudinal shearing slitting blade prepare; The annealing in process of step 2, rough forging; The roughing of step 3, rough forging; The heat treatment of step 4, longitudinal shearing slitting blade, comprises annealing, nitrate furnace quenching, saltpetre furnace tempering; The fine finishining of step 5, longitudinal shearing slitting blade, the third time fine grinding comprising first time fine grinding, second time fine grinding and carry out on grinder.The flatness of the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that the present invention prepares can reach 0.001mm, thickness deviation reaches ± 0.001mm, the uniformity of hardness of whole longitudinal shearing slitting blade is less than 1HRC, there is excellent high-wearing feature and strong shock resistance simultaneously, meet the needs of cutting the space flight and aviation sheet materials such as high-precision aircraft.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tooling cost field, more particularly, relate to a kind of preparation method of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade.
Background technology
Sheet metal banding machine relies on longitudinal shearing slitting blade to roll on sheet material, has carried out the endless shear action to sheet material.Sheet metal banding machine is used for longitudinal roller shear of common metal sheet material, aluminium sheet, corrosion resistant plate, silicon steel plate etc.Longitudinal shearing slitting blade is widely used in the industries such as space flight and aviation, automobile making, mining machinery, five metals manufacture, household electrical appliances.
Cut the selection of longitudinal shearing slitting blade to blade itself of sheet metal, the wearability of Technology for Heating Processing and blade and impact resistance and have high requirement.At present, cutter manufacturing enterprise selects a kind of alloy tool steel as the raw material producing blade mostly, and its components based on weight percentage is: C:1.45 ~ 1.70%; Si :≤0.40%; Mn :≤0.40%; S :≤0.030%; P :≤0.030%; Cr:11.00 ~ 12.50%; Ni: allow residual content≤0.25%; Cu: allow residual content≤0.30%; V:0.15 ~ 0.30%; Mo:0.40 ~ 0.60%, all the other are Fe.Its production stage is: (1) forges; (2) anneal; (3) Vehicle Processing is shaped, and stays allowance for finish; (4) quench; (5) tempering; (6) fine finishining is carried out by the technical requirement on drawing, though this blade selection and processing technology can meet cutting of common metal sheet material to a certain extent, but when user proposes high request to the serviceability of blade and service life, be difficult to be reached by processing method disclosed in prior art.In particular for cutting the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of aimplant-lunber, the planarity requirements of this longitudinal shearing slitting blade controls at 0.001mm, thickness deviation requires at ± 0.001mm, and the uniformity of hardness of whole longitudinal shearing slitting blade requires to be less than 1HRC, have excellent high-wearing feature and strong shock resistance, this is that Common machining techniques of the prior art is unapproachable simultaneously.
Pass through patent retrieval, the existing technical scheme about color steel plate cutting blade processing method is open, as: Chinese Patent Application No. 200910056362.1, the applying date is: on August 13rd, 2009, invention and created name is: color steel plate cutting blade and processing method thereof, the steps include: (1) first with CR12, T8, T10 or Cr12MOV rod material carry out forging, annealing in process; (2) wheeled litter of being got on the bus by the material of annealing in process goes out center mounting hole and cylindrical; (3) after preheating, carry out heat treatment to 1040 DEG C, make blade quenching hardness reach more than 62HRC; Remainder quenching hardness is less than 28HRC; (4) be warmed to 550 DEG C and be down to 56 ~ 58 DEG C again to increase toughness; (5) extra accuracy ground flat is used, precision ± 0.02mm; (6) adopt camber line cutting outer margin contour, formed and evenly stretch out cutter; (7) blade of required angle is processed with profile grinder.This application case adopts blade cutting to instead of saw cut, and cutting process does not produce iron filings, saves steel plate materials, but the blade precision that this application case prepares is only ± 0.02mm, is applied to the technical scheme that to be further improved when cutting aimplant-lunber.
Summary of the invention
1. invent the technical problem that will solve
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that the machining accuracy of longitudinal shearing slitting blade in prior art is poor, provide a kind of preparation method of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade, adopt technical scheme of the present invention, the flatness of longitudinal shearing slitting blade can reach 0.001mm, thickness deviation reaches ± 0.001mm, the uniformity of hardness of whole longitudinal shearing slitting blade is less than 1HRC, has excellent high-wearing feature and strong shock resistance simultaneously.
2. technical scheme
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
The preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present invention, the steps include:
The raw material of step one, longitudinal shearing slitting blade prepare:
First cut into by the blank of circular cross-section is highly the cylinder blank of 100mm, again the cylinder blank of cutting is loaded in heating furnace and be heated to 950 DEG C, its heating rate is 15 DEG C/min, 2 hours are incubated after being warming up to 950 DEG C, to come out of the stove forging after insulation terminates, to be forged into be highly 15mm, outside diameter is the rough forging of 350mm; The components based on weight percentage of this rough forging is: C:0.88 ~ 1.10%, Si:0.20 ~ 0.40%, Mn:0.30 ~ 0.50%, Cr:1.50 ~ 2.50%, Mo:2.00 ~ 2.50%, V:1.7 ~ 2.0%, P :≤0.020%, S :≤0.015%, Te:0.04 ~ 0.05%, Zr:0.01 ~ 0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity;
The annealing in process of step 2, rough forging:
Rough forging in step one is loaded annealing furnace and is warming up to 860 DEG C, its heating rate is 4 DEG C/min, is incubated 230 minutes, is cooled to 680 DEG C of laggard line spaces in the lehr cold after being warming up to 860 DEG C;
The roughing of step 3, rough forging:
After step 2 annealing in process, rough forging being processed into diameter of bore is 240mm, and outside diameter is 342mm, and thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 12mm;
The heat treatment of step 4, longitudinal shearing slitting blade:
(1), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade after step 3 roughing is put into batch-type furnace be warming up to 800 DEG C, its heating rate is 13 DEG C/min, is incubated 80 minutes, cools to 480 DEG C with the furnace, air cooling of then coming out of the stove after insulation after being warming up to 800 DEG C;
(2), in nitrate furnace, add industrial sodium nitrite and be warming up to 1080 ~ 1100 DEG C, its heating rate is 2 DEG C/min, after being warming up to 1080 ~ 1100 DEG C, the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of process in step (1) is put into nitrate furnace, continue in nitrate furnace to be heated to 1080 ~ 1100 DEG C, and be incubated 10 ~ 20 minutes; Wherein: when nitrate furnace put into by longitudinal shearing slitting blade, from longitudinal shearing slitting blade contact to industrial sodium nitrite to the time controling all immersed industrial sodium nitrite in 18 ~ 20s;
(3), by the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of step (2) insulation after 10 ~ 20 minutes take out, put into quenching oil quenching, the time of staying in quenching oil is 10 minutes;
(4), step (3) is quenched after longitudinal shearing slitting blade put into nitrate furnace tempering, the industrial sodium nitrite in this nitrate furnace was warming up to 540 ~ 570 DEG C in 5 hours, longitudinal shearing slitting blade at the nitrate furnace inside holding 4 hours of 540 ~ 570 DEG C, then air cooling; The hardness number of longitudinal shearing slitting blade is detected after tempering, hardness number should control at 58 ~ 60HRC, if hardness number has exceeded the higher limit of hardness control range, then carry out another temper, the every high 1HRC of hardness number, temperature is higher than last temperature 10 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 0.9 times of last tempering time, then air cooling; Final control longitudinal shearing slitting blade stiffness value is 58 ~ 60HRC;
The fine finishining of step 5, longitudinal shearing slitting blade
(1), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade through step 4 heat treatment process is contained on vertical grinder, after vertical grinder process, obtains the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that thickness is 11mm;
(2), being 11mm by step (1) thickness, longitudinal shearing slitting blade carries out first time fine grinding, after first time fine grinding process thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 10.6mm;
(3), being 10.6mm by step (2) thickness, longitudinal shearing slitting blade is contained on vertical grinder again, after vertical grinder process thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 10.3mm; And the diameter of bore of longitudinal shearing slitting blade is processed as 242mm, outside diameter is processed as 340mm;
(4), being 10.3mm by step (3) thickness, longitudinal shearing slitting blade carries out second time fine grinding, after the process of second time fine grinding thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 10.02mm;
(5), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.02mm by step (4) thickness is contained on grinder and carries out third time fine grinding, after third time fine grinding process thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 10 ± 0.001mm.
Further, in the fine finishining of step 5 longitudinal shearing slitting blade third time fine grinding step as follows:
(A), blade fixing tool is prepared: blade fixing tool is disc-shaped structure, this blade fixing tool offers equally distributed 6 blade mounting holes around its center, blade mounting holes is circular cavernous structure, and the center of circle of this blade mounting holes and the distance of center circle of blade fixing tool are from being 400mm;
(B) the longitudinal shearing slitting blade being, 10.02mm by thickness after the process of second time fine grinding is arranged on the blade fixing tool of step (A), and the blade fixing tool that longitudinal shearing slitting blade is housed is put on grinder, add abrasive, this grinder is finished plane grinder simultaneously;
(C), step (B) complete after startup grinder, controlling the lap speed of grinder is 10r/min, and the depressing force of abrasive disk controls as 980N; Grind after 30 minutes and stop grinding, by the longitudinal shearing slitting blade turn-over in blade fixing tool, and change in blade fixing tool about two of its center of circle symmetry longitudinal shearing slitting blades; Often grind 30min afterwards and stop grinding, repeat above-mentioned turn-over, exchange operation, milling time is 3 ~ 4 hours.
Further, in fine grinding, the abrasive of step (B) is made up of green silicon carbide powder, kerosene and machine oil for the third time, and the preparation process of this abrasive is as follows:
(a), take green silicon carbide powder and kerosene, wherein the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3 ~ 3.5: 1, and above-mentioned green silicon carbide powder and kerosene are uniformly mixed 20 minutes;
(b), take machine oil, wherein the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.1 ~ 2.3: 1, is added by machine oil in the mixture of step (a), continues to be uniformly mixed 15 minutes, obtains abrasive.
Preferably, in step one, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.98%, Si:0.30%, Mn:0.40%, Cr:2.10%, Mo:2.30%, V:1.8%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, Te:0.045%, Zr:0.016%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Preferably, in step one, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:1.10%, Si:0.20%, Mn:0.50%, Cr:1.50%, Mo:2.50%, V:1.7%, P:0.020%, S:0.015%, Te:0.04%, Zr:0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Preferably, in step one, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.88%, Si:0.40%, Mn:0.30%, Cr:2.50%, Mo:2.00%, V:2.0%, P:0.015%, S:0.012%, Te:0.05%, Zr:0.01%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Preferably, in the preparation process of abrasive, the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3.2: 1, and the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.2: 1.
3. beneficial effect
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following remarkable result:
(1) preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present invention, nitrate furnace quenching and tempering is adopted in its heat treatment process, it is 540 ~ 570 DEG C that temperature controls, and according to the further temper of the situation of hardness number, make the hardness of the longitudinal shearing slitting blade prepared can be more even, the uniformity of hardness of whole longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present invention be less than 1HRC; In addition, by improving the finishing passes of longitudinal shearing slitting blade in the present invention, make on grinder, carry out third time fine grinding grinding back plane degree and reach 0.001mm, thickness deviation reaches ± 0.001mm, thus makes longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present invention can meet the space flight and aviation sheet materials such as high-precision aircraft to cut use;
(2) preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present invention, the components based on weight percentage of its longitudinal shearing slitting blade is: C:0.88 ~ 1.10%, Si:0.20 ~ 0.40%, Mn:0.30 ~ 0.50%, Cr:1.50 ~ 2.50%, Mo:2.00 ~ 2.50%, V:1.7 ~ 2.0%, P :≤0.020%, S :≤0.015%, Te:0.04 ~ 0.05%, Zr:0.01 ~ 0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity, this material has high-hardenability, and the Te added, Zr, the elements such as V can effectively stop Austenite Grain Growth, material is organized tightr, thus add wearability and thump toughness, the present invention adopts annealing, nitrate furnace quenches, saltpetre furnace tempering three process is heat-treated, longitudinal shearing slitting blade is made to have possessed the excellent performance of high-wearing feature and strong impact resistance, meet the demand of cutting the space flight and aviation sheet materials such as aircraft.
Detailed description of the invention
For understanding content of the present invention further, below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present embodiment, its concrete steps are:
The raw material of step one, longitudinal shearing slitting blade prepare:
First cut into by the blank of circular cross-section is highly the cylinder blank of 100mm, again the cylinder blank of cutting is loaded in heating furnace and be heated to 950 DEG C, its heating rate is 15 DEG C/min, 2 hours are incubated after being warming up to 950 DEG C, to come out of the stove forging after insulation terminates, to be forged into be highly 15mm, outside diameter is the rough forging of 350mm.In the present invention, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.88 ~ 1.10%, Si:0.20 ~ 0.40%, Mn:0.30 ~ 0.50%, Cr:1.50 ~ 2.50%, Mo:2.00 ~ 2.50%, V:1.7 ~ 2.0%, P :≤0.020%, S :≤0.015%, Te:0.04 ~ 0.05%, Zr:0.01 ~ 0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity; In concrete the present embodiment, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.98%, Si:0.30%, Mn:0.40%, Cr:2.10%, Mo:2.30%, V:1.8%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, Te:0.045%, Zr:0.016%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The annealing in process of step 2, rough forging:
Rough forging in step one is loaded annealing furnace and is warming up to 860 DEG C, its heating rate is 4 DEG C/min, is incubated 230 minutes, is cooled to 680 DEG C of laggard line spaces in the lehr cold after being warming up to 860 DEG C.
The roughing of step 3, rough forging:
After step 2 annealing in process, rough forging being processed into diameter of bore is 240mm, and outside diameter is 342mm, and thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 12mm.
The heat treatment of step 4, longitudinal shearing slitting blade:
(1), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade after step 3 roughing is put into batch-type furnace be warming up to 800 DEG C, its heating rate is 13 DEG C/min, is incubated 80 minutes, cools to 480 DEG C with the furnace, air cooling of then coming out of the stove after insulation after being warming up to 800 DEG C;
(2), in nitrate furnace, add industrial sodium nitrite and be warming up to 1090 DEG C, its heating rate is 2 DEG C/min, after being warming up to 1090 DEG C, the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of process in step (1) is put into nitrate furnace, continue in nitrate furnace to be heated to 1090 DEG C, and be incubated 18 minutes; Wherein: when nitrate furnace put into by longitudinal shearing slitting blade, from longitudinal shearing slitting blade contact to industrial sodium nitrite to all the time of immersing industrial sodium nitrite is 19s; Applicant finds, speed speed when nitrate furnace put into by longitudinal shearing slitting blade has a certain impact to quenching effect, found by applicant's experience accumulation for many years: from longitudinal shearing slitting blade contact to industrial sodium nitrite to the time controling all immersed industrial sodium nitrite in 18 ~ 20s, quenching effect is now best.
(3), by the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of step (2) insulation after 18 minutes take out, put into quenching oil quenching, the time of staying in quenching oil is 10 minutes;
(4), step (3) is quenched after longitudinal shearing slitting blade put into nitrate furnace tempering, the industrial sodium nitrite in this nitrate furnace was warming up to 550 DEG C in 5 hours, longitudinal shearing slitting blade at the nitrate furnace inside holding 4 hours of 550 DEG C, then air cooling.The hardness number of longitudinal shearing slitting blade is detected after tempering, hardness number should control at 58 ~ 60HRC, if hardness number has exceeded the higher limit of hardness control range, then carry out another temper, the every high 1HRC of hardness number, temperature higher than last temperature 10 DEG C (follow-up temperature can more than 570 DEG C), temperature retention time is 0.9 times of last tempering time, then air cooling, final control longitudinal shearing slitting blade stiffness value is 58 ~ 60HRC.In the present embodiment, temperature is 550 DEG C for the first time, tempering time is 4 hours, the hardness number detecting longitudinal shearing slitting blade after first time tempering is 61HRC, and hardness number has exceeded the higher limit 1HRC of hardness control range, so carry out second time temper, second time temperature is 560 DEG C, tempering time is 3.6 hours, and the hardness number detecting longitudinal shearing slitting blade after second time tempering is 59HRC, meets the standard of 58 ~ 60HRC.Herein, adopt technical scheme of the present invention, generally 58HRC is not less than by the hardness number after first time temper, the present invention adjusts hardness number by the mode of nitrate furnace quenching, repeatedly tempering, can make the hardness of longitudinal shearing slitting blade can be more even, the uniformity of hardness of the whole longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present embodiment is less than 1HRC, is conducive to the service life of improving longitudinal shearing slitting blade, and effectively can avoids the chipping of longitudinal shearing slitting blade.
The fine finishining of step 5, longitudinal shearing slitting blade
(1), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade through step 4 heat treatment process is contained on vertical grinder, after vertical grinder process, obtains the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that thickness is 11mm;
(2), being 11mm by step (1) thickness, longitudinal shearing slitting blade carries out first time fine grinding, after first time fine grinding process thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 10.6mm;
(3), being 10.6mm by step (2) thickness, longitudinal shearing slitting blade is contained on vertical grinder again, after vertical grinder process thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 10.3mm; And the diameter of bore of longitudinal shearing slitting blade is processed as 242mm, outside diameter is processed as 340mm;
(4), being 10.3mm by step (3) thickness, longitudinal shearing slitting blade carries out second time fine grinding, after the process of second time fine grinding thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 10.02mm;
(5), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.02mm by step (4) thickness is contained on grinder and carries out third time fine grinding, after third time fine grinding process thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 10 ± 0.001mm.In the present embodiment, the step of fine grinding is as follows for the third time:
(A), blade fixing tool is prepared: blade fixing tool is disc-shaped structure, this blade fixing tool offers equally distributed 6 blade mounting holes around its center, blade mounting holes is circular cavernous structure, and the center of circle of this blade mounting holes and the distance of center circle of blade fixing tool are from being 400mm.
(B) the longitudinal shearing slitting blade being, 10.02mm by thickness after the process of second time fine grinding is arranged on the blade fixing tool of step (A), and the blade fixing tool that longitudinal shearing slitting blade is housed is put on grinder, add abrasive, this grinder is finished plane grinder simultaneously; Wherein, the abrasive of the present embodiment is made up of green silicon carbide powder, kerosene and machine oil, the preparation process of this abrasive is as follows: (a), take green silicon carbide powder and kerosene, wherein the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3.2:1, and above-mentioned green silicon carbide powder and kerosene are uniformly mixed 20 minutes; (b), take machine oil, wherein the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.2:1, is added by machine oil in the mixture of step (a), continues to be uniformly mixed 15 minutes, obtains abrasive.Green silicon carbide powder in the present embodiment is the W14 green silicon carbide powder that Zhengzhou lean micro mist Co., Ltd produces, adopt the abrasive that the method for the present embodiment is obtained, longitudinal shearing slitting blade precision after grinding is high, and fineness is good, can avoid producing scratch in process.
(C), step (B) complete after startup grinder, controlling the lap speed of grinder is 10r/min, and the depressing force of abrasive disk controls as 980N; Grind after 30 minutes and stop grinding, by the longitudinal shearing slitting blade turn-over in blade fixing tool, and change in blade fixing tool about two of its center of circle symmetry longitudinal shearing slitting blades; Often grind 30min afterwards and stop grinding, repeat above-mentioned turn-over, exchange operation, milling time is that after 3.5 hours, flatness reaches 0.001mm, and thickness deviation reaches ± 0.001mm.Applicant finds, the position that blade fixing tool cutter installing hole is offered is different, all have impact to the flatness of longitudinal shearing slitting blade and thickness deviation, in addition, the operating procedure in the component of abrasive, process of lapping all has impact to the flatness of longitudinal shearing slitting blade and fineness.Applicant by summary of experience for many years, and finds the technical scheme that employing the present embodiment is above-mentioned on the basis of theory analysis, and the flatness of grinder carrying out grind the longitudinal shearing slitting blade obtained can reach 0.001mm, and thickness deviation reaches ± 0.001mm.
Embodiment 2
The basic step of the present embodiment is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
In step one, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:1.10%, Si:0.20%, Mn:0.50%, Cr:1.50%, Mo:2.50%, V:1.7%, P:0.020%, S:0.015%, Te:0.04%, Zr:0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
In step 4 longitudinal shearing slitting blade heat treatment process in, quenching process: add industrial sodium nitrite and be warming up to 1100 DEG C in nitrate furnace, its heating rate is 2 DEG C/min, after being warming up to 1100 DEG C, longitudinal shearing slitting blade is put into nitrate furnace, continue in nitrate furnace to be heated to 1100 DEG C, and be incubated 10 minutes, when nitrate furnace put into by longitudinal shearing slitting blade, from longitudinal shearing slitting blade contact to industrial sodium nitrite to all the time of immersing industrial sodium nitrite is 18s; Drawing process: temperature is 540 DEG C for the first time, and tempering time is 4 hours, and the hardness number detecting longitudinal shearing slitting blade after first time tempering is 60HRC, meets the standard of 58 ~ 60HRC.
Third time fine grinding in step (B) abrasive preparation process in, the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3: 1, and the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.1: 1.
Embodiment 3
The basic step of the present embodiment is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
In step one, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.88%, Si:0.40%, Mn:0.30%, Cr:2.50%, Mo:2.00%, V:2.0%, P:0.015%, S:0.012%, Te:0.05%, Zr:0.01%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
In step 4 longitudinal shearing slitting blade heat treatment process in, quenching process: add industrial sodium nitrite and be warming up to 1080 DEG C in nitrate furnace, its heating rate is 2 DEG C/min, after being warming up to 1080 DEG C, longitudinal shearing slitting blade is put into nitrate furnace, continue in nitrate furnace to be heated to 1080 DEG C, and be incubated 20 minutes, when nitrate furnace put into by longitudinal shearing slitting blade, from longitudinal shearing slitting blade contact to industrial sodium nitrite to all the time of immersing industrial sodium nitrite is 20s; Drawing process: temperature is 570 DEG C for the first time, and tempering time is 4 hours, and the hardness number detecting longitudinal shearing slitting blade after first time tempering is 58HRC, meets the standard of 58 ~ 60HRC.
Third time fine grinding in step (B) abrasive preparation process in, the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3.5: 1, and the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.3: 1.
The preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade of embodiment 1 ~ 3, the flatness of the longitudinal shearing slitting blade prepared can reach 0.001mm, thickness deviation reaches ± 0.001mm, the uniformity of hardness of whole longitudinal shearing slitting blade is less than 1HRC, there is excellent high-wearing feature and strong shock resistance simultaneously, meet the needs of cutting the space flight and aviation sheet materials such as high-precision aircraft.
Claims (7)
1. a preparation method for high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade, is characterized in that, the steps include:
The raw material of step one, longitudinal shearing slitting blade prepare:
First cut into by the blank of circular cross-section is highly the cylinder blank of 100mm, again the cylinder blank of cutting is loaded in heating furnace and be heated to 950 DEG C, its heating rate is 15 DEG C/min, 2 hours are incubated after being warming up to 950 DEG C, to come out of the stove forging after insulation terminates, to be forged into be highly 15mm, outside diameter is the rough forging of 350mm; The components based on weight percentage of this rough forging is: C:0.88 ~ 1.10%, Si:0.20 ~ 0.40%, Mn:0.30 ~ 0.50%, Cr:1.50 ~ 2.50%, Mo:2.00 ~ 2.50%, V:1.7 ~ 2.0%, P :≤0.020%, S :≤0.015%, Te:0.04 ~ 0.05%, Zr:0.01 ~ 0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity;
The annealing in process of step 2, rough forging:
Rough forging in step one is loaded annealing furnace and is warming up to 860 DEG C, its heating rate is 4 DEG C/min, is incubated 230, is cooled to 680 DEG C of laggard line spaces in the lehr cold after being warming up to 860 DEG C;
The roughing of step 3, rough forging:
After step 2 annealing in process, rough forging being processed into diameter of bore is 240mm, and outside diameter is 342mm, and thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 12mm;
The heat treatment of step 4, longitudinal shearing slitting blade:
(1), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade after step 3 roughing is put into batch-type furnace be warming up to 800 DEG C, its heating rate is 13 DEG C/min, is incubated 80 minutes, cools to 480 DEG C with the furnace, air cooling of then coming out of the stove after insulation after being warming up to 800 DEG C;
(2), in nitrate furnace, add industrial sodium nitrite and be warming up to 1080 ~ 1100 DEG C, its heating rate is 2 DEG C/min, after being warming up to 1080 ~ 1100 DEG C, the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of process in step (1) is put into nitrate furnace, continue in nitrate furnace to be heated to 1080 ~ 1100 DEG C, and be incubated 10 ~ 20 minutes; Wherein: when nitrate furnace put into by longitudinal shearing slitting blade, from longitudinal shearing slitting blade contact to industrial sodium nitrite to the time controling all immersed industrial sodium nitrite in 18 ~ 20s;
(3), by the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of step (2) insulation after 10 ~ 20 minutes take out, put into quenching oil quenching, the time of staying in quenching oil is 10 minutes;
(4) nitrate furnace tempering put into by the longitudinal shearing slitting blade after, step (3) being quenched, industrial sodium nitrite in this nitrate furnace was warming up to 540 ~ 570 DEG C in 5 hours, longitudinal shearing slitting blade at the nitrate furnace inside holding 4 hours of 540 ~ 570 DEG C, then air cooling; The hardness number of longitudinal shearing slitting blade is detected after tempering, hardness number should control at 58 ~ 60HRC, if hardness number has exceeded the higher limit of hardness control range, then carry out another temper, the every high 1HRC of hardness number, temperature is higher than last temperature 10 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 0.9 times of last tempering time, then air cooling; Final control longitudinal shearing slitting blade stiffness value is 58 ~ 60HRC;
The fine finishining of step 5, longitudinal shearing slitting blade
(1), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade through step 3 heat treatment process is contained on vertical grinder, after vertical grinder process, obtains the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that thickness is 11mm;
(2), being 11mm by step (1) thickness, longitudinal shearing slitting blade carries out first time fine grinding, after first time fine grinding process thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 10.6mm;
(3), being 10.6mm by step (2) thickness, longitudinal shearing slitting blade is contained on vertical grinder again, after vertical grinder process thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 10.3mm; And the diameter of bore of longitudinal shearing slitting blade is processed as 242mm, outside diameter is processed as 340mm;
(4), being 10.3mm by step (3) thickness, longitudinal shearing slitting blade carries out second time fine grinding, after the process of second time fine grinding thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 10.02mm;
(5), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.02mm by step (4) thickness is contained on grinder and carries out third time fine grinding, after third time fine grinding process thickness is the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of 10 ± 0.001mm.
2. the preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the fine finishining of step 5 longitudinal shearing slitting blade, the step of fine grinding is as follows for the third time:
(A), blade fixing tool is prepared: blade fixing tool is disc-shaped structure, this blade fixing tool offers equally distributed 6 blade mounting holes around its center, blade mounting holes is circular cavernous structure, and the center of circle of this blade mounting holes and the distance of center circle of blade fixing tool are from being 400mm;
(B) the longitudinal shearing slitting blade being, 10.02mm by thickness after the process of second time fine grinding is arranged on the blade fixing tool of step (A), and the blade fixing tool that longitudinal shearing slitting blade is housed is put on grinder, add abrasive, this grinder is finished plane grinder simultaneously;
(C), step (B) complete after startup grinder, controlling the lap speed of grinder is 10r/min, and the depressing force of abrasive disk controls as 980N; Grind after 30 minutes and stop grinding, by the longitudinal shearing slitting blade turn-over in blade fixing tool, and change in blade fixing tool about two of its center of circle symmetry longitudinal shearing slitting blades; Often grind 30min afterwards and stop grinding, repeat above-mentioned turn-over, exchange operation, milling time is 3 ~ 4 hours.
3. the preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in fine grinding, the abrasive of step (B) is made up of green silicon carbide powder, kerosene and machine oil for the third time, and the preparation process of this abrasive is as follows:
(a), take green silicon carbide powder and kerosene, wherein the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3 ~ 3.5:1, and above-mentioned green silicon carbide powder and kerosene are uniformly mixed 20 minutes;
(b), take machine oil, wherein the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.1 ~ 2.3:1, is added by machine oil in the mixture of step (a), continues to be uniformly mixed 15 minutes, obtains abrasive.
4. the preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in step one, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.98%, Si:0.30%, Mn:0.40%, Cr:2.10%, Mo:2.30%, V:1.8%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, Te:0.045%, Zr:0.016%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
5. the preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in step one, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:1.10%, Si:0.20%, Mn:0.50%, Cr:1.50%, Mo:2.50%, V:1.7%, P:0.020%, S:0.015%, Te:0.04%, Zr:0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
6. the preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in step one, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.88%, Si:0.40%, Mn:0.30%, Cr:2.50%, Mo:2.00%, V:2.0%, P:0.015%, S:0.012%, Te:0.05%, Zr:0.01%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
7. the preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in the preparation process of abrasive, and the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3.2:1, and the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.2:1.
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| CN110125628A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-16 | 天津磊峰实业有限公司 | A kind of processing method of high intensity longitudinal shearing slitting blade |
| CN113430354A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-24 | 马鞍山市旭隆冶金机械有限公司 | High-precision wear-resistant special-shaped shear blade and manufacturing method thereof |
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