DE102015003520B4 - Method and device for grinding knives and wear plates of a knife ring - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for grinding the knives (3.3) and the wear plates (3.5) of a knife ring (2), the knives (3.3) remaining in the knife ring (2) during grinding, comprising the following simultaneously or at least overlapping carried out process steps:
A knife (3.3) or a group of knives (3.3) is placed in a waiting position (3.6) lying radially outside the working area (3.9);
- A grinding device (40) is moved along those wear plates (3.5) for the purpose of grinding, the knife (3.3) are in the waiting position (3.6);
- A knife (3.3) or a group of knives (3.3) are placed in a radially in the working position (3.8) lying grinding position (3.7);
- Another grinding device (4) is moved along those blades (3.3) for the purpose of grinding, which are in a grinding position (3.7);
- After grinding the knives (3.3) or a group of knives (3.3) they are moved with a device in the working position (3.8).

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for grinding knives and / or wear plates of the knife ring, which is for example part of a Messerringzerspaners. A knife ring chipper is used to produce chips from wood chips. The knife ring contains evenly distributed over its circumference a plurality of knife packages, each containing a knife carrier, a clamping plate and a clamped between these two knives, also a wear plate, which is applied to the radially inner surface of the knife carrier. Knife and wear plate are subject to high wear due to the impact of wood chips, but in the knife especially by the cutting work. The blades and the wear plates therefore only have a limited service life. They have to be reground from time to time.

There are numerous publications about knife ring chipper. Out DE 195 18 609 C1 a chipper for wood chips has become known, which has a plurality of circumferentially distributed blade packages, each blade package comprises a support block having a rotor facing wear surface and carrying a knife, the blade is approximately axially parallel and directed against the rotor ,

Out EP 0 835 721 B1 The person skilled in the art learns a method for conditioning the knives of a comminuting machine, in particular a chipper for producing wood chips. The knife ring, which carries the knife, taken out of the Messerringzerspaner and inserted into a carrier in which it is rotatably mounted, the knife ring is secured against rotation about its own axis. Subsequently, a tool for conditioning the blades of the blades is moved in a direction parallel to the blade basket axis along one or more blades to thereby condition the blade (s). The anti-rotation lock of the knife ring is loosened, and the knife basket is retracted with the conditioned knives back into the crusher

EP 0 626 234 B1 teaches a method and apparatus for re-sharpening the blades of a knife scorer. The sharpening of the Zerspanmesser takes place by grinding in the installed state in the crushing machine. For this purpose, first all knives are successively advanced by an amount corresponding to the cutting wear in their effective range, wherein the required to achieve the desired cutting board on the relevant surface of the knife ring radial grinding feed is determined by including a ertasteten state of wear. To carry out the method of operation, a device may be used which supports a turntable for the knife ring on a machine frame and has a device table which carries a crosswise translationally movable grinding unit and a radially movable adjusting device which provides a button for the wear state of the relevant surface of the knife ring and has a stop for limiting the knife feed.

at DE 10 2011 052 538 A1 it is a device for sharpening, in particular re-sharpening of knives and possibly wear plates of a knife ring for a Messerringzerspaner by an abrasive machining, with at least one grinding device and with at least one turntable. On the turntable of the knife ring is fastened such that the knife ring is rotatable in a horizontal arrangement with a vertically oriented axis relative to the grinding device. In this case, the turntable and the grinding device are arranged on a pivoting table, wherein the pivoting table for tilting the knife ring from an extended position with a horizontal axis is fixed in a machining position with a vertical axis about a horizontal axis pivotally mounted on a machine frame.

From the DE 10 2011 052 531 A1 is a method for sharpening, in particular for resharpening knives and wear plates known, wherein the grinding of the wear plates and knives is performed sequentially.

So it is sufficient to only regrind the blades, but replace the wear plates with new wear plates, resulting in unnecessary expenses for the operator of a Messerringzerspaners. It is also known to regrind not only the knife, but also the wear plates, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

The known devices for grinding the knives of a knife ring of a Messeringszerspaners have basically proven in use in practice. However, the process of re-sharpening the knives in connection with the grinding of the wear plates and the adjustment of the wear parts in the knife ring at the optimum position is still associated with high expenditure of time. Here, the invention is to provide an improvement for the operator of a Messeringzerspaners.

In large industrial plants usually not only one but several knife ring chipper are in use. Usually, at least one or more knife rings are held in reserve at any time when the quality or the discharge quantity per unit time of the chips decreases. Prefers From the experience, the plant operator will be able to deduce how much gauge rings should be kept in reserve, which of course should be as few as possible due to the investment costs. At the same time in such large systems essential equipment parts are automated and the staff for operation and maintenance also cost optimized, so that it is desirable that staff is not tied unnecessarily long during regrinding, as it usually in other parts of the system as soon as possible Maintenance is needed.

To make matters worse, that the quality of the chips produced is an important criterion for the production success of a plant for the production of material plates, so that an operator attaches great importance to perfectly functioning knife rings.

The invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus of the type described above, which with a simple structure, a rapid and proper sharpening and especially re-sharpening the knife, grinding the wear plates and careful adjustment of the necessary distances between the wear plates and allows the knives in a knife ring for a Messerringzerspaner.

• – ein Messer oder eine Gruppe von Messern wird in eine radial außerhalb des Arbeitsbereiches liegende Warteposition verbracht;
• – eine Schleifeinrichtung wird entlang jener Verschleißplatten zum Zwecke des Schleifens verfahren, deren Messer sich in Warteposition befinden;
• – ein Messer oder eine Gruppe von Messern werden in eine radial innerhalb der Arbeitsposition liegende Schleifposition verbracht;
• – eine weitere Schleifeinrichtung wird entlang jener Messer zum Zwecke des Schleifens verfahren, die sich in einer Schleifposition befinden;
• – nach dem Schleifen der Messer oder einer Gruppe von Messern werden diese mit einer Vorrichtung in die Arbeitsposition verbracht.

The solution to the method is that the following method steps - simultaneously or at least overlapping - be carried out according to the features of independent claim 1:

• A knife or a group of knives is placed in a waiting position radially outside the working area;
• A grinding device is moved along those wear plates for the purpose of grinding, the knives of which are in the waiting position;
• A knife or a group of knives are brought into a grinding position lying radially in the working position;
• A further grinding device is moved along those knives for the purpose of grinding, which are in a grinding position;
• - After grinding the knives or a group of knives they are moved with a device in the working position.

The movement of knives or a group of knives in their waiting positions or grinding positions and the grinding of knives and wear plates is carried out until all knives or wear plates are ground and are again arranged in their correct position for use in a chipper.

• – eine Aufnahme für einen Messerring mit einer Vielzahl an Messern und Verschleißplatten aufweisenden Messerpaketen,
• – zumindest eine Vorrichtung zum Positionieren der Messer in einer Warteposition in einer Schleifposition und/oder in einer Arbeitsposition,
• – eine Schleifeinrichtung mit einem oder mehreren Schleifwerkzeugen zum Schleifen der Messer,
• – eine weiteren Schleifeinrichtung mit einem oder mehreren Schleifwerkzeugen zum Schleifen der Verschleißplatten
• – und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung geeignet ist, die Schleifeinrichtungen und die Vorrichtungen zur Positionierung der Messer gleichzeitig oder zumindest zeitlich überlappend zu verwenden.

The solution for a device for grinding the blades and the wear plates of a knife ring comprises according to the features of the independent claim 2:

• A receptacle for a knife ring with a plurality of blades and wear plates having knife packages,
• At least one device for positioning the knives in a waiting position in a grinding position and / or in a working position,
• A grinding device with one or more grinding tools for grinding the knives,
• - Another grinding device with one or more grinding tools for grinding the wear plates
• - And is characterized in that the device is adapted to use the grinding means and the devices for positioning the knife simultaneously or at least temporally overlapping.

The device can also be used independently for carrying out the method. Dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments according to the present invention.

It is particularly preferred that, for the simultaneous or at least temporal overlapping of the grinding and positioning operations, a control device is arranged in operative connection with the devices and the grinding devices and the drive for cyclically rotating the measuring ring.

Alternatively or in combination, the device may be suitable for positioning the knives in a working position which is dependent on the position or the grinding of the wear plates.

Alternatively or in combination, the device for positioning the knives may be adapted to position the knives in a waiting position radially outwardly of the working area of the knives.

Alternatively or in combination, the knife positioning device may be suitable for the knives to position the knives in a grinding position radially inward of the working area.

The core idea of the invention is to coincide in time the operations of grinding the blades or some knives with the operations of grinding the wear plates or some wear plates, or at least overlap in time.

The basic idea is the following:
First, with a device, the knife or a group of knives, preferably depending on the number of grinding tools used, or the grinding wheels are spent to the outside in a waiting position.

After the cyclic, again preferred depending on the number of groups, further movement of the knife ring, the wear plates whose blades are retracted, ground by means of the grinding device for the wear plates. If a group consists of four, four grinding wheels will grind four wear plates in parallel. Then the knife ring is indexed in groups.

During the overall grinding process, all activities, grinding knives, grinding wear plates, moving knives, are carried out simultaneously or else at least overlapping in time after the start of the grinding process. After grinding the wear plates, the knives are moved inward in grinding position with another device. Depending on the length of the grinding process can be arranged for a device that performs the same time for the group (here four times) or one after another. If the knives are displaced one after the other, it will obviously not continue to be indexed by the person skilled in the art while the grinding devices are engaged. Once the knives have been moved to the grinding position, they are subsequently ground in a cycle using a grinding device. My approach to the grinding procedure is achieved at the latest now a simultaneity of the grinding and positioning operations. Once the blades have been ground, they are returned to a working position in which chips can be produced when using a chipper. This completes the process.

The entire process can be controlled automatically by a control unit. In particular, it is, as already prior art, intended to examine the knife before the grinding process on the amount of wear and to grind only to the determined need.

The two grinding operations - grinding of the blades and wear plates - thus ideally occur simultaneously or at least overlap in time. This means that the entire process can be reduced, ideally to half the duration of the process and apparatus according to comparable prior art methods or devices. There, namely, the grinding of the wear plates and the grinding of the knife gradually and thus in separate steps.

As mentioned above, as a first step of the method according to the invention, a single knife or a group of knives is placed in a waiting position, which is located radially outside the working position of the knives. After such a positioning of the knife already the first grinding device on a first wear plate accomplish their grinding work. At the same time, a second grinding device can perform its grinding work with a knife, which has meanwhile been returned to the grinding position.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. It details the following:

1 shows a device for grinding knives and a device for grinding wear plates of a knife ring a chipper.

2 shows an enlarged section X2 1 ,

3 shows an enlarged section X3 1 ,

4 shows an enlarged section X4 2 ,

5 shows an enlarged section X5 3 ,

6 shows in an enlarged section the possible positions of a knife in relation to the wear plate during the execution of the grinding process.

The reference numerals are in the 1 to 6 used uniformly.

To 1 is a knife ring in the illustrated embodiment 2 in a grinding station 1 used. He rests on rotatable guide rods 1.2 on which he uses a suitable drive in the grinding station 1 can be clocked around its own axis.

The knife ring 2 has a variety of knife packages 3 on. A knife package 3 consists essentially of a knife carrier 3.1 and a clamping plate 3.2 between which a knife 3.3 arranged and via a clamping screw 3.4 is clamped. Next, the knife package is a wear plate 3.5 to own.

In the grinding station are, among other not mentioned devices a grinding device 4 for grinding the knives 3.3 and a grinding device 40 for grinding the wear plates 3.5 ,

At suitable positions are devices 5.1 and 5.2 for positioning the knives 3.3 or wear plates 3.5 provided in the waiting, in the grinding and / or grinding position. But these can also be found in the grinding equipment 4 . 40 be integrated.

The grinding device 40 for the wear plates 3.5 used after 2 and in its enlargement in 4 in section X4 for grinding the wear plates 3.5 a plurality of grinding wheels 40.1 substantially parallel to the surfaces of the wear plates to be treated 3.5 are arranged. In the present example, there are four grinding wheels 40.1 , The grinding wheels 40.1 sit on drive shafts 40.2 that with a central or separate drive motors 40.3 are driven. For the positioning of the grinding device 40 respectively the grinding wheels 40.1 is at least a spindle drive with stepper motor 40.5 arranged.

The grinding device 4 for the knives 3.3 includes after 3 a plurality of grinding wheels 4.1 , In the present example, there are four grinding wheels. These grinding wheels are on four drive shafts 4.2 arranged. These are by means of a central or separate drive motor 4.3 driven. It also recognizes a spindle drive with stepper motor 4.5 for positioning the grinding device 4 respectively the grinding wheels 4.1 at the knives 3.3 ,

The device works on the basis of 4 . 5 and 6 as follows: Once the knives 3.3 as well as the wear plates 3.5 are more or less worn, the entire knife ring 2 removed from the chipper (not shown) and into the grinding station 1 used. For this purpose, unspecified transport devices are generally used. Then the grinding device 4 for the knives 3.3 as well as the grinding device 40 for the wear plates 3.5 in the knife ring 2 enclosed interior introduced. Then, a group of adjacent knives 3.3 the knife packages 3 from their working positions into a radially outward waiting position 3.6 spent. As a result, the released wear plates 3.5 with the grinding device 40 be sanded. After grinding the wear plates 3.5 becomes the knife ring 2 rotated by the appropriate number of knives and the subsequent knives 3.5 in the outer waiting position 3.6 spent.

At the same time the knives 3.3 a group of knife packages 3 , their associated wear plates 3.5 were ground in a grinding position 3.7 spent radially in the working position 3.8 and it will be the knives 3.3 with the grinding device 4 ground. While the grinder 4 the group of knives 3.3 edited, which are in their grinding positions 3.7 located, processed the grinding device 40 those wear plates 3.5 , their knives 3.3 in their radially outward waiting positions 3.6 are located.

The grinding of the knives 3.3 or the wear plates 3.5 is that in the two grinding devices 4 . 40 the rotating driven grinding wheels 4.1 respectively 40.1 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the knife 3.3 to be engaged. The two grinding processes thus run at the same time or at least approximately the same time, that is, overlapping one another.

After completion of the grinding operations, the rotatable knife ring 2 in terms of grinding equipment 4 . 40 again by the number of simultaneously sharpenable knife packages 3 twisted. Are the knives 3.3 sanded, these are now on their, on the ground wear plates 3.5 adapted, working position 3.9 set. Before the said twisting of the knife ring 2 done, the knives become 3.3 the wear plates to be ground pulled into the waiting position. It is now another group of wear plates 3.5 and another group of knives 3.3 for the grinding process in turn.

Immediately following the first group of wear plates or the first group of knives. grinding device 40 with their grinding tool 40.1 now lies those wear plates 3.5 opposite, whose knife 3.3 moved radially outward, in their waiting positions 3.6 ,

The grinding device 4 however, lies with their grinding wheels 4.1 those knives 3.3 opposite, in their grinding position 3.7 are extended. Then the grinding work of the two grinding devices starts again 4 . 40 ,

The process is repeated until all the knives 3.3 and all wear plates 3.5 are ground and the usable condition of the knife ring 2 is restored. It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the start-up operation and the shut-down operation are performed somewhat differently to the claimed method, until after a starting point (insertion of the knife ring 2 ) All process steps can be performed in parallel.

In 6 are the different positions of the knife 3.3 recognizable in an enlarged view. shown. In the waiting position 3.6 of the knife 3.3 can the wear plates 3.5 be sanded. In the grinding position 3.7 become the knives 3.3 even ground. The devices 5.1 and 5.2 are on the circumference of the knife ring 2 provided for the knives 3.3 accordingly in the clock direction in front of the corresponding grinding devices 4 . 40 adjust. The sequence of the entire process may preferably be automated by a control unit (not shown) or controlled by hand.

The two grinding devices 4 . 40 can also be designed differently than shown here. Any type of grinding device is contemplated, hence the type of grinding wheel that grinds with its face, as well as the type of grinding wheel that grinds with its side surface. The use of dry or wet grinding processes is also independent of the invention.

It is also conceivable, not just each grinding device 4 or a grinding device 40 to arrange, for example, depending on the size of the measuring ring used 2 they can also be several.

The grinding device 4 can have a different number of grinding wheels 4.1 have, as the number of four grinding wheels shown here. So only a single grinding wheel needs to be provided. But it can also be provided more than four grinding wheels.

It is also possible to use the grinding wheels 4.1 arrange such that they run in radial planes, thus through the center of the knife ring 2 run. This applies both to the case of a single grinding wheel per grinding device 4 , as well as in the event that a grinding device 4 having a plurality of grinding wheels.

It is also conceivable, the inclination of the individual grinding wheels 4.1 to change, so the angle, the knives 3.3 is sanded, is variable. The grinding device 40 may be a different number than the number of grinding wheels shown 40.1 , It is also possible to use the grinding wheels 40.1 arrange such that they run in radial planes, thus through the center of the knife ring 2 run. This applies both to the case of a single grinding tool per grinding device 40 , as well as in the event that a grinding device 40 having a plurality of grinding wheels.

A big advantage of the arrangement chosen here is that with the grinding device 4 the individual knives a so-called clearance angle can be formed.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

grinding station

1.2

guide rods

2

knife ring

2.1

axis of rotation

3

knife package

3.1

blade carrier

3.2

clamp

3.3

Knife, group of knives

3.4

clamping screw

3.5

wear plate

3.6

waiting position

3.7

grinding position

3.8

working position

3.9

Workspace

4

grinding device

4.1

grinding wheels

4.2

drive shaft

4.3

drive motor

4.5

Spindle drive with stepper motor

40

grinding device

40.1

grinding wheels

40.2

drive shaft

40.3

drive motor

40.5

Spindle drive with stepper motor

5.1

contraption

5.2

contraption

Claims (6)

Method of grinding the knives ( 3.3 ) as well as the wear plates ( 3.5 ) of a knife ring ( 2 ), whereby the knives ( 3.3 ) during grinding in the knife ring ( 2 ), comprising the following simultaneously or at least overlappingly carried out process steps: a knife ( 3.3 ) or a group of knives ( 3.3 ) is placed in a radially outside of the working area ( 3.9 ) lying waiting position ( 3.6 ) spent; A grinding device ( 40 ) is along these wear plates ( 3.5 ) for the purpose of grinding, the knives ( 3.3 ) in waiting position ( 3.6 ) are located; - a knife ( 3.3 ) or a group of knives ( 3.3 ) are placed in a radially inward working position ( 3.8 ) lying grinding position ( 3.7 ) spent; Another grinding device ( 4 ) is placed along those knives ( 3.3 ) for the purpose of grinding, which are in a grinding position ( 3.7 ) are located; - after grinding the knives or a group of knives they are moved to the working position with a device ( 3.8 ) spent. Device for grinding the knives ( 3.3 ) as well as the wear plates ( 3.5 ) of a knife ring ( 2 ), comprising - a receptacle for a knife ring ( 2 ) with a variety of knives ( 3.3 ) and wear plates ( 3.5 ) having knife packages ( 3 ) At least one device ( 5.1 ; 5.2 ) for positioning the knives ( 3.3 ) in a waiting position ( 3.6 ), in a grinding position ( 3.7 ) and / or in a working position ( 3.8 ), - a grinding device ( 4 ) with one or more grinding tools for grinding the knives ( 3.3 ), - another grinding device ( 40 ) with one or more abrasive tools for grinding the wear plates ( 3.5 ), characterized in that the device is suitable for grinding ( 4 . 40 ) and the devices ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) for positioning the knives ( 3.3 ) simultaneously or at least temporally overlapping. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that for simultaneous or at least temporal overlap of the grinding and positioning operations, a control device in operative connection with the devices ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) and the grinding devices ( 4 . 40 ) and the drive for cyclically rotating the knife ring ( 2 ) is arranged. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the device ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) the knives ( 3.3 ) in a working position ( 3.8 ) depending on the position or the Abschliffes wear plates ( 3.5 ) stands. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the device ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) the knives ( 3.3 ) in a radially outside of the working area ( 3.9 ) the knife ( 3.3 ) waiting position ( 3.6 ). Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the device ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) the knives ( 3.3 ) in a radially inside of the work area ( 3.9 ) lying grinding position ( 3.7 ).

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