CN109588571A - 利用中草药饲养土鸡的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及畜禽饲养技术领域,具体涉及一种利用中草药饲养土鸡的方法。本发明在果树林地内中放养土鸡,其特征在于,在果树林的周边设置隔离网,林内设置鸡舍及附属管理设施;果树林间种植牧草和中草药,果树林内按每亩80~100只鸡的放养量养殖;白天放鸡入果树林觅食,晚上赶回鸡舍,每天中午、傍晚集中投喂中药饲料各一次;每隔1.5~2.5天在饮水设备中投放抗病毒药剂,当土鸡达到35~45日龄时开始放养,当土鸡体重达到1.5~2.5千克时出栏。本发明提供了一种营养全面均衡的利用中草药饲养土鸡的方法,解决了传统散养土鸡养殖周期长、抗病能力弱、粮食消耗量大、鸡的重量普遍较轻的问题,且能提高散养土鸡养殖收益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及畜禽饲养技术领域,具体涉及一种利用中草药饲养土鸡的方法。
背景技术
土鸡又叫笨鸡,具有耐粗饲、就巢性强和抗病力强等特性,肉质鲜美。土鸡蛋在城乡市场上非常畅销,且蛋价也高于普通鸡蛋,土鸡肉质坚韧,口感较柴,故名土鸡,土鸡的全身上下都可以食用,且营养功效丰富,随处可见,故民间称鸡为“济世良药”,土鸡肉蛋白质的含量比例较高,种类多,而且消化率高,很容易被人体吸收利用,有增强体力、强壮身体的作用。目前市售的土鸡大多采用传统散养的模式,然而传统散养鸡养殖周期长、抗病能力弱、粮食消耗量大、鸡的重量普遍较轻等缺点制约了散养土鸡的规模化养殖收益。为了提高土鸡规模化养殖的综合效益,需要研发一套完备的土鸡散养方法。
发明内容
本发明针对上述问题,提供了一种利用中草药饲养土鸡的方法,解决了传统散养土鸡养殖周期长、抗病能力弱、粮食消耗量大、鸡的重量普遍较轻的问题,且能提高散养土鸡规模化的养殖收益。
发明的技术方案是这样实现的:在果树林地内中放养土鸡,其特征在于,在果树林的周边设置隔离网,林内设置鸡舍及附属管理设施;果树林间种植牧草和中草药,果树林内按每亩80~100只鸡的放养量养殖;白天放鸡入果树林觅食,晚上赶回鸡舍,每天中午、傍晚集中投喂中药饲料各一次;每隔1.5~2.5天在饮水设备中投放抗病毒药剂,当土鸡达到35~45日龄时开始放养,当土鸡体重达到1.5~2.5千克时或13~17周出栏。
所述中药饲料包括以下重量份的原料:鱼腥草1.5~2.5份、穿心莲2~5份、板蓝根2~4份、苍术1~3份、茯苓1~3份、麦芽2~4份、金银花1~2份、陈皮2~5份、绿豆4~8份;以上原料混合研制成粉后,再加入复合维生素0.01~0.03份、氨基酸0.05~0.08份、硫酸锌0.5~0.8份、硫酸亚铁0.8~1.3份、亚硒酸钠0.02~0.05份、硫酸镁0.1~0.3份、玉米粉80~150份、麦麸30~50份、鱼粉20~30份。
所述抗病毒药剂包括以下重量份的原料:柴胡2~5份、苦参3~6份、青蒿1~3份、地榆炭1~2份、白茅根0.5~0.8份,以上原料混合均匀后,加入80份蒸馏水,蒸煮40~50分钟,冷却30分钟后,进入反应三效浓缩液提取,得到浓缩液;投药时,每升水中加入10毫升浓缩液,混合均匀。
较优的,所述牧草为紫花苜蓿和黑麦草,所述中草药为蒲公英、青蒿、藿香和薄荷。
所述土鸡放养的平均气温在18℃以上。
较优的,所述土鸡中午喂食量占全天饲料量的40%,傍晚的喂食量占60%。
本发明解决了背景技术中存在的缺陷,具有以下有益效果:
本发明提供了一种营养全面均衡的利用中草药饲养土鸡的方法,解决了传统散养土鸡养殖周期长、抗病能力弱、粮食消耗量大、鸡的重量普遍较轻的问题,且能提高散养土鸡规模化的养殖收益。本发明采用果树林放养土鸡,充分的利用了林地中的草类等食物和新鲜的空气、充足的阳光、适宜的温度和湿度,而且由于林地放养鸡群密度小,能自由活动,各种应急少等因素使鸡群健康、抗病力强,能有效减少疾病发生。通过中药饲料中的中草药有营养性和药物性的双重作用,其含有的鱼腥草、穿心莲、板蓝根等多种中草药能够改善饲料的营养结构,增强免疫力,防治多种禽类疾病的中药兼,增强机体免疫能力、促进土鸡进食、利尿排毒及改善肉质风味等作用和功效,降低土鸡的发病率和死亡率及改善肉质风味等目的,生产出安全、绿色、美味的土鸡肉品。通过抗病毒药剂的柴胡、苦参、青蒿、地榆炭等中药合理配伍,混入水中供鸡只饮用,具有清热解毒、抗菌消炎的作用,可用于预防和治疗鸡只传染性喉气管炎、传染性支气管炎、慢性呼吸道病、呼吸道型大肠杆菌病等。采用本发明提供的饲养方法养殖的土鸡,发病率降低显著,鸡群活力旺盛,采食量增加,增重显著,饲料利用率高,鸡肉品质得到了改善,腹脂率大幅降低,提高散养土鸡规模化的养殖收益。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本发明的利用中草药饲养土鸡的方法,在果树林地内中放养土鸡,在果树林的周边设置隔离网,林内设置鸡舍及附属管理设施;果树林间种植牧草和中草药,果树林内按每亩90只鸡的放养量养殖;白天放鸡入果树林觅食,晚上赶回鸡舍,每天中午、傍晚集中投喂中药饲料各一次;每隔1.5~2.5天在饮水设备中投放抗病毒药剂,当土鸡达到35~45日龄时开始放养,当土鸡体重达到1.5~2.5千克时或13~17周出栏。中药饲料包括以下重量份的原料:鱼腥草2份、穿心莲3份、板蓝根3份、苍术2份、茯苓2份、麦芽3份、金银花1.5份、陈皮3份、绿豆6份;以上原料混合研制成粉后,再加入复合维生素0.02份、氨基酸0.07份、硫酸锌0.6份、硫酸亚铁1份、亚硒酸钠0.03份、硫酸镁0.2份、玉米粉120份、麦麸40份、鱼粉25份。抗病毒药剂包括以下重量份的原料:柴胡3份、苦参4份、青蒿2份、地榆炭1.5份、白茅根0.6份,以上原料混合均匀后,加入80份蒸馏水,蒸煮40~50分钟,冷却30分钟后,进入反应三效浓缩液提取,得到浓缩液;投药时,每升水中加入10毫升浓缩液,混合均匀。牧草为紫花苜蓿和黑麦草,中草药为蒲公英、青蒿、藿香和薄荷。土鸡放养的平均气温在18℃以上。土鸡中午喂食量占全天饲料量的40%,傍晚的喂食量占60%。
实施例2
在果树林地内中放养土鸡,在果树林的周边设置隔离网,林内设置鸡舍及附属管理设施;果树林间种植牧草和中草药,果树林内按每亩90只鸡的放养量养殖;白天放鸡入果树林觅食,晚上赶回鸡舍,每天中午、傍晚集中投喂中药饲料各一次;每隔1.5~2.5天在饮水设备中投放抗病毒药剂,当土鸡达到35~45日龄时开始放养,当土鸡体重达到1.5~2.5千克时或13~17周出栏。中药饲料包括以下重量份的原料:鱼腥草1.5份、穿心莲2份、板蓝根2份、苍术1份、茯苓1份、麦芽2份、金银花1份、陈皮2份、绿豆4份;以上原料混合研制成粉后,再加入复合维生素0.01份、氨基酸0.05份、硫酸锌0.5份、硫酸亚铁0.8份、亚硒酸钠0.02份、硫酸镁0.1份、玉米粉80份、麦麸30份、鱼粉20份。抗病毒药剂包括以下重量份的原料:柴胡2份、苦参3份、青蒿1份、地榆炭1份、白茅根0.5份,以上原料混合均匀后,加入80份蒸馏水,蒸煮40~50分钟,冷却30分钟后,进入反应三效浓缩液提取,得到浓缩液;投药时,每升水中加入10毫升浓缩液,混合均匀。牧草为紫花苜蓿或黑麦草,所述中草药为蒲公英、青蒿、藿香或者薄荷。土鸡放养的平均气温在18℃以上。土鸡中午喂食量占全天饲料量的40%,傍晚的喂食量占60%。
实施例3
在果树林地内中放养土鸡,在果树林的周边设置隔离网,林内设置鸡舍及附属管理设施;果树林间种植牧草和中草药,果树林内按每亩90只鸡的放养量养殖;白天放鸡入果树林觅食,晚上赶回鸡舍,每天中午、傍晚集中投喂中药饲料各一次;每隔1.5~2.5天在饮水设备中投放抗病毒药剂,当土鸡达到35~45日龄时开始放养,当土鸡体重达到1.5~2.5千克时或13~17周出栏。中药饲料包括以下重量份的原料:鱼腥草2.5份、穿心莲5份、板蓝根4份、苍术3份、茯苓3份、麦芽4份、金银花2份、陈皮5份、绿豆8份;以上原料混合研制成粉后,再加入复合维生素0.03份、氨基酸0.08份、硫酸锌0.8份、硫酸亚铁1.3份、亚硒酸钠0.05份、硫酸镁0.3份、玉米粉150份、麦麸50份、鱼粉30份。抗病毒药剂包括以下重量份的原料:柴胡5份、苦参6份、青蒿3份、地榆炭2份、白茅根0.8份,以上原料混合均匀后,加入80份蒸馏水,蒸煮40~50分钟,冷却30分钟后,进入反应三效浓缩液提取,得到浓缩液;投药时,每升水中加入10毫升浓缩液,混合均匀。牧草为紫花苜蓿或黑麦草,中草药为蒲公英、青蒿、藿香或者薄荷。土鸡放养的平均气温在18℃以上。土鸡中午喂食量占全天饲料量的40%,傍晚的喂食量占60%。
选取360只健康的鸡苗,随机分为四组,每组90只,分为对照组和实验组1,实验组2和实验组3,分别放养在1亩果林中,实验组1,2,3依次喂食本发明提供的实施例1,2,3的饲养方法,对照组按照传统放养方法饲养。四组土鸡的喂养次数、喂养量、喂养时间均相同,45天后两组土鸡的生长状况情况如下表:
从表中可以很明显的看出,采用本发明提供的饲养方法养殖的土鸡发病率降低显著,鸡群活力旺盛,采食量增加,增重显著,饲料利用率高,鸡肉品质得到了改善,腹脂率大幅降低。本发明采用果树林放养土鸡,充分的利用了林地中的草类等食物和新鲜的空气、充足的阳光、适宜的温度和湿度,而且由于林地放养鸡群密度小,能自由活动,各种应急少等因素使鸡群健康、抗病力强,能有效减少疾病发生。通过中药饲料中的中草药有营养性和药物性的双重作用,其含有的鱼腥草、穿心莲、板蓝根等多种中草药能够改善饲料的营养结构,增强免疫力,防治多种禽类疾病的中药兼,增强机体免疫能力、促进土鸡进食、利尿排毒及改善肉质风味等作用和功效,降低土鸡的发病率和死亡率及改善肉质风味等目的,生产出安全、绿色、美味的土鸡肉品。抗病毒药剂的柴胡、苦参、青蒿、地榆炭等中药合理配伍,具有清热解毒、抗菌消炎的作用,可用于预防和治疗鸡只传染性喉气管炎、传染性支气管炎、慢性呼吸道病、呼吸道型大肠杆菌病等。通过本发明能促进土鸡生长,降低料肉比,提高散养土鸡规模化的养殖收益。
以上所述仅为发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制发明,凡在发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种利用中草药饲养土鸡的方法,在果树林地内中放养土鸡,其特征在于,在果树林的周边设置隔离网,林内设置鸡舍及附属管理设施;果树林间种植牧草和中草药,果树林内按每亩80~100只鸡的放养量养殖;白天放鸡入果树林觅食,晚上赶回鸡舍,每天中午、傍晚集中投喂中药饲料各一次;每隔1.5~2.5天在饮水设备中投放抗病毒药剂,当土鸡达到35~45日龄时开始放养,当土鸡体重达到1.5~2.5千克时或13~17周出栏。
2.根据权利要求1所述的利用中草药饲养土鸡的方法,其特征在于:所述中药饲料包括以下重量份的原料:鱼腥草1.5~2.5份、穿心莲2~5份、板蓝根2~4份、苍术1~3份、茯苓1~3份、麦芽2~4份、金银花1~2份、陈皮2~5份、绿豆4~8份;以上原料混合研制成粉后,再加入复合维生素0.01~0.03份、氨基酸0.05~0.08份、硫酸锌0.5~0.8份、硫酸亚铁0.8~1.3份、亚硒酸钠0.02~0.05份、硫酸镁0.1~0.3份、玉米粉80~150份、麦麸30~50份、鱼粉20~30份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的利用中草药饲养土鸡的方法,其特征在于:所述抗病毒药剂包括以下重量份的原料:柴胡2~5份、苦参3~6份、青蒿1~3份、地榆炭1~2份、白茅根0.5~0.8份,以上原料混合均匀后,加入80份蒸馏水,蒸煮40~50分钟,冷却30分钟后,进入反应三效浓缩液提取,得到浓缩液;投药时,每升水中加入10毫升浓缩液,混合均匀。
4.根据权利要求1所述的利用中草药饲养土鸡的方法,其特征在于:所述牧草为紫花苜蓿和黑麦草,所述中草药为蒲公英、青蒿、藿香和薄荷。
5.根据权利要求1所述的利用中草药饲养土鸡的方法,其特征在于:所述土鸡放养的平均气温在18℃以上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的利用中草药饲养土鸡的方法,其特征在于:所述土鸡中午喂食量占全天饲料量的40%,傍晚的喂食量占60%。
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