CN109588377A - Silkworm egg hatching method - Google Patents
Silkworm egg hatching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109588377A CN109588377A CN201811607260.XA CN201811607260A CN109588377A CN 109588377 A CN109588377 A CN 109588377A CN 201811607260 A CN201811607260 A CN 201811607260A CN 109588377 A CN109588377 A CN 109588377A
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- silkworm
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/04—Silkworms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a silkworm egg hatching method, and particularly relates to the technical field of insect breeding. The method comprises the following steps: a. disinfecting silkworm eggs: disinfecting the silkworm eggs with disinfectant; b. activating silkworm eggs to obtain activated eggs: soaking sterilized silkworm egg in 8-12 deg.C activating solution for 15-30 min to obtain activated silkworm egg; c. protecting and refrigerating activated eggs to obtain refrigerated eggs: taking activated eggs, spraying a protective solution at 2-6 ℃ against the activated eggs for 2 times, and then placing the activated eggs in a refrigeration house for refrigeration for 72-120 hours to obtain refrigerated eggs; d. and (3) carrying out accelerated hatching on the refrigerated eggs to obtain green-turning eggs: placing the refrigerated eggs in a silkworm rearing room for returning to the temperature, and then raising the temperature of the silkworm rearing room for hatching for 8-10 hours to obtain the transferred eggs; e. and (5) transferring the green eggs to be incubated in a photosensitive manner to obtain the newly-hatched silkworms: and (4) sensitizing the green-turning eggs by using a fluorescent lamp, and hatching to obtain the newly-hatched silkworms with the weight of 700-. The method has the advantages that the silkworm eggs have high hatching rate per day, the hatched silkworms are uniform, the ant bodies are strong, the ant quantity is sufficient, the cultivated silkworms are strong, the survival rate is high, and the obtained silkworm cocoons have high yield and stable quality.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to cultured insect technical fields, and in particular to a kind of egg-incubation method.
[background technique]
Silkworm, is the larva of silkworm moth, and the main source of silk raw material occupies important in human economy life and cultural and historical
Status.Breeding silkworms and taking silk is that the great of Ancient Times in China working people is invented, and silkworm-raising jobs industry is also evolving now, and mulberry field area is continuous
Expand, sericulture quantity is continuously increased.
Egg-incubation is both the start-up procedure and important link for being silkworm cultivation, the hatching rate of silkworm seed, newly-hatched silkworm healthy shape
Condition, which will have a direct impact on the growth reproduction state of subsequent young silkworm cultivation and cocoon, produces the quality of silk.Silkworm is reform of nature environmental change,
Output hibernating egg or Diapausing egg under harsh environment are evolved, output non hibernating egg or non-Diapausing egg under mild environment
Two kinds of constitutive characters, can hatch at once after non hibernating egg output, and hibernating egg need to could activate after fierce conditional stimulus
Hatching, therefore, the hatching method of two types silkworm seed is not quite similar.Currently, the hatching of silkworm seed disclosed in the prior art is studied
Mainly using hibernating egg as object, non hibernating egg research is less, also lacks and uses same procedure to be hatched jointly on two kinds of ovum
Research.China Patent Publication No. is CN107711730A, in the patent document of the refrigeration hatching method of entitled silkworm seed, according to diapause
The difference of ovum cold preservation time, the method that salt acid dip is respectively adopted or directly hatches can be realized flexibly hatching by production requirement, but
Since hydrochloric acid is strong acid, certain corrosion can be caused to silkworm seed, lead to hatch that unstable, hatching rate on the one is low；Chinese patent is public
The number of opening is CN107279075A, in a kind of entitled patent document of silkworm in spring egg hatching method, diapause silkworm seed solution soaking disinfection
Afterwards, 2-4 DEG C of hermetically storing is placed in beginning of spring taking-up, is then successively impregnated with sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, hydrochloric medical fluid, is finally taken off
Acid air-dries, and is hatched, improves the hatching success of silkworm seed and the survival rate of newly-hatched silkworm, but contain peroxidating in antiseptic solution
Hydrogen, and contain hydrochloric acid in medical fluid, belongs to strong corrosive reagent, can reduce the physiological activity of silkworm seed, make to hatch it is uneven, incubate within 1st
Rate is low, and newly-hatched silkworm has a delicate constitution, survival rate is low.
Therefore, a kind of egg-incubation method need to be developed, different type silkworm seed is enable to hatch jointly, while improving the one of silkworm seed
Day hatching rate, enhancing hatching homogeneity, increases the yield and quality stability of newly-hatched silkworm.
[summary of the invention]
Goal of the invention of the invention is: for egg-incubation method disunity, hatching rate on the one is low, hatches uneven, ant
The problem of silkworm has a delicate constitution, low output, unstable quality, provides a kind of hatching method of silkworm seed.It incubates of the invention silkworm seed one day
Rate is high, and obtained newly-hatched silkworm constitution is strong, and ant amount is sufficient, and the silkworm silkworm body of cultivation is strong, high survival rate, obtained cocoon yield
High, quality is stablized.
To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of egg-incubation method, comprising the following steps:
A. silkworm seed sterilizes: taking the silkworm plaque equipped with silkworm seed, is placed in silkworm room, setting silkworm room temperature is 14-18 DEG C, humidity is
20%-30% carries out disinfection to silkworm seed with thimerosal, and the temperature of thimerosal is 16-20 DEG C；The silkworm seed is hibernating egg and does not get over
Year ovum, the hibernating egg and non hibernating egg are respectively placed on different silkworm plaques；
B. silkworm seed activates, and obtains activation ovum: adjust silkworm room temperature be 8-12 DEG C, humidity 25%-35%, after then cancelling poison
Silkworm seed, impregnated 15-30 minutes with 8-12 DEG C of activating solution, then take out, obtain activation ovum；The activating solution includes following weight
The raw material of part ratio: 120-130 parts of cold water, 8-10 parts of mulberry leaf, 4-6 parts of orange peel, 3-5 parts of the leaf of bamboo, 2-4 parts of watermelon peel, Yoghourt 2-3
Part, 1-2 parts of trehalose and 1-2 parts of distiller's yeast；
C. the protection of activation ovum, refrigeration, obtain refrigeration ovum: taking activation ovum, are sprayed using 2-6 DEG C of protection liquid against activation ovum,
Ovum surface protection liquid to be activated sprays 1 protection liquid again after drying, dry surface protection liquid, be subsequently placed in freezer and refrigerate
72-120 hours, setting temperature of ice house was 0-4 DEG C, obtained refrigeration ovum；The protection liquid includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: mountain
3-5 parts of pears alcohol, 2-4 parts of glycerol, 1.2-1.8 parts of cyclodextrin, 0.8-1.4 parts of trehalose and 0.2-0.4 parts of ethyl acetate；
D. refrigeration ovum hastens the hatching of silkworms, and must turn green ovum: take refrigeration ovum, be placed in silkworm room and rise again, and setting silkworm room temperature is 8-16
DEG C, humidity 65%-75%, the time of rising again is 1-2 hour, and then raising silkworm room temperature is hastened the hatching of silkworms to 27-29 DEG C, and hasten the hatching of silkworms 8-
It 10 hours, obtains turning green ovum；
E. turn the photosensitive hatching of green ovum, obtain newly-hatched silkworm: the fluorescent lamp for being 25-35lux with intensity of illumination carries out 40-50 to green ovum is turned
Minute it is photosensitive, keep fluorescent lamp and turn at a distance from green ovum between 80-90cm, hatching obtains ant of the weight more than 700 μ g
Silkworm.
Optimization, activating solution described in step b the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, taking mulberry leaf, orange peel, the leaf of bamboo and west
Melon skin is cleaned and is dried, is placed in vacuum tank, and cold water, Yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast is then added, stirs evenly, then close
Envelope, the vacuum degree that vacuum tank is arranged is 50~60kPa, fermentation temperature is 32-34 DEG C, carries out 50-60 hour fermentation, is sent out
Ferment object, then fermentation material is filtered with 0.1-0.2 micron membrane filter, is collected filtrate, is obtained activating solution.
Advanced optimize, described in step c protection liquid the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, taking sorbierite to be placed in sweet
It in oil, stirs evenly, obtains mixed liquor, it is spare；Take trehalose, at 6-10 DEG C be added ethyl acetate stirring wetting, then after
6-10 DEG C of addition cyclodextrin is held in continuation of insurance, is uniformly mixed, is subsequently added into above-mentioned mixed liquor, stirs evenly, and protection liquid is obtained.
Further optimize, thimerosal described in step a includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: 5-9 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood
3-5 parts, 2-4 parts of cordate houttuynia, 0.3-0.4 parts of snake oil, 0.1-0.3 parts of eucalyptus oil, 40-50 parts of acetone and 70-80 parts of ethanol water；
The concentration of volume percent of the ethanol water is 54%-60%.
Further optimize again, the thimerosal the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, taking folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood and fish raw meat
Grass, be added acetone, 60-70 DEG C refluxing extraction 25-35 minute, then filter, collection filter residue, ethyl alcohol is then added in filter residue
Aqueous solution, after microwave abstracting 30-40 minutes, filtering collects filtrate, obtains extracting solution；Then in extracting solution be added snake oil and
Eucalyptus oil is uniformly mixed, obtains thimerosal.
Further optimize again, the application method of the thimerosal are as follows: cancel venom and sprayed, sprinkling volume is 4-
5ml/ silkworm seeds.
Further optimize again, the application method of the thimerosal are as follows: by silkworm seed together with silkworm plaque, be placed in thimerosal
Middle dipping 5-7 minutes.
Further optimize again, non hibernating egg described in step a is pre-processed before disinfection, the preprocess method
Are as follows: take non hibernating egg to be placed in first and hasten the hatching of silkworms in room, setting hasten the hatching of silkworms room temperature be 25-28 DEG C, humidity 70%-74%, place 48-
72 hours.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. the present invention using same hatching method simultaneously hatch hibernating egg and non hibernating egg, using activating solution to silkworm seed into
It assassinates and swashs, speed its rate of development；Anti-frost protection then is carried out to silkworm seed using protection liquid, then carries out deepfreeze, makes elder generation
The silkworm seed development of development slows down or stagnates, while the ovum of hypoevolutism being made to continue to reach maturity in low temperature, to promote hatching neat
One；It is finally hastened the hatching of silkworms and hatching obtains newly-hatched silkworm.The egg-incubation homogeneous of the method for the present invention, ant amount are sufficient, and hatching rate existed on 1st
97% or more；Ant body is strong, newly-hatched silkworm weight is more than 700 μ g, makes that the silkworm silkworm body cultivated is strong, high survival rate, obtained silk cocoon
Yield is high, quality is stablized.
2. the present invention first activates silkworm seed, anti-frost protection is then carried out, then carry out deepfreeze.Refrigerating front activating can
To stimulate silkworm seed, pass through superoxide dismutase, the hydrogen peroxide extracted in mulberry leaf, orange peel, the leaf of bamboo and watermelon in activating solution
Enzyme and various nutritional ingredients adjust various bioenzyme activities in silkworm seed growth course and orderly change by the growth rhythm of ovum, and can
So that the increased activity of both key organism enzymes, promotes the growth and development of silkworm seed.Refrigeration before also using protection liquid to silkworm seed into
Row anti-frost protection can reduce the solidification temperature of moisture in silkworm seed using with super subzero sorbierite, glycerol and trehalose
Degree, protects silkworm seed cell not to be frozen at low temperature, and three kinds of substances in a variety of organisms by as energy source, to cell
Nonhazardous effect, natural, environmental protection；Liquid is protected in use, first spraying one layer against silkworm seed, after drying, then one layer is sprayed, can make
Liquid is protected to form the moderate protective film of thickness on silkworm seed surface, can be antifreeze, have with good gas permeability.Anti-frost protection is laggard
Row deepfreeze can make the silkworm seed first developed development slow down or stagnate, while the ovum of hypoevolutism being made to continue to send out in low temperature
Be bred as it is ripe, with promote hatch homogeneous；Since the nutriment in the silkworm seed of preferential growth has consumed most, therefore speed is developed under low temperature
Degree can slow down or in stagnating, and nutriment savings is more in the tardy silkworm seed educated, in addition biological enzyme in activating solution and more
Kind nutrition can still keep quick metabolic function to realize all silkworms to pull up to the developmental process of preferential growth silkworm seed
The growth cycle of ovum is synchronous, improves hatching homogeneity, makes hatching rate on the one 97% or more.
Activating solution of the invention uses cold water, Yoghourt, trehalose, distiller's yeast for fermentation substrate, to mulberry leaf, orange peel, the leaf of bamboo
Ferment with watermelon peel, make the cell wall rapid disruption of these four plants, by plant cell body superoxide dismutase,
Catalase, amino acid, vitamin, microelement completely extract, while trehalose can protect biological enzyme space frame
Structure is stable, not by low temperature damage, it is ensured that enzyme material and various nutritional ingredients participate in the growth and development of silkworm seed, promote silkworm
Ovum Fast Growth, is improved hatching rate, keeps the newly-hatched silkworm constitution hatched strong.Using vacuum fermentation, negative pressure can use,
Accelerate plant cell wall rupture, utmostly extracts biological enzyme and various nutriments.
The present invention protects the trehalose in liquid to be capable of the integrality of protected protein matter stereochemical structure and cell wall, makes under low temperature
Cell still keeps activity, makes silkworm seed in refrigeration, injury-free, can maintain stable physiological activity；Using cyclodextrin encapsulated sea
Algae sugar can make trehalose form stable, independent molecular entities in protection liquid, improve to protein in silkworm seed and cell wall
Protecting effect；The hydrophobic similar temperament of ethyl acetate and cyclodextrin hollow structure, using ethyl acetate as inclusion wetting agent, and
It keeps low temperature to prevent ethyl acetate from quickly volatilizing, trehalose can be made quickly to be wrapped up by cyclodextrin, increase inclusion rate.
3. the present invention extract folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood, the qinghaosu in cordate houttuynia, the flavones such as decanoyl acetaldehyde and volatile oil it is antibacterial at
Point, and snake oil and eucalyptus oil enhancing fungistatic effect is added, thimerosal is made jointly, can effectively protect silkworm seed, avoids silkworm seed by disease
Bacterium insect pest.Snake oil and the good affine sexual clorminance of chorion cell can be played using snake oil, conducive to melting for thimerosal ingredient and chorion
It closes, plays the antibacterial effect of long-acting bactericidal.It is both sharp using sprinkling or the Disinfection Methods of dipping using ethanol water as solvent
With the sterilizing function of ethyl alcohol, and its strong volatility is utilized, it can be to avoid silkworm seed is excessively moist and hinder gas inside and outside ovum
Exchange, and ethyl alcohol can also enhance the permeability of silkworm seed shell, help activating solution infiltration.
4. the present invention is refrigerated by the way that thimerosal, activating solution, protection liquid are added in the hatching process of silkworm seed, make
Silkworm seed arrival hasten the hatching of silkworms step when, development is closely mature, it is only necessary to which the short time of 8-10 hour hastens the hatching of silkworms, and is just able to achieve turn green.
5. the present invention uses low temperature, low humidity conditions in disinfection and activation, silkworm seed can be made to maintain lower development speed
Degree, does not create conditions to the growth and development of silkworm seed, avoids the silkworm seed wherein first developed from developing in higher temperature too fast, with development
Slow silkworm seed grows margi n pulls big, influences the synchronism of development and hatching rate on the one of silkworm seed.
[specific embodiment]
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of egg-incubation method, comprising the following steps:
A. silkworm seed sterilize: take the silkworm plaque equipped with silkworm seed, be placed in silkworm room, setting silkworm room temperature be 14 DEG C, humidity 20%,
It is carried out disinfection with thimerosal to silkworm seed, the temperature of thimerosal is 16 DEG C；The silkworm seed is hibernating egg and non hibernating egg, the more year
Ovum and non hibernating egg are respectively placed on different silkworm plaques；
Wherein, non hibernating egg is pre-processed before disinfection, the preprocess method are as follows: is taken non hibernating egg to be placed in first and is urged
In green room, setting hasten the hatching of silkworms room temperature be 25 DEG C, humidity 70%, place 48 hours.
Thimerosal includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: 5 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 3 parts of sweet wormwood, 2 parts of cordate houttuynia, 0.3 part of snake oil, eucalyptus oil
0.1 part, 40 parts of acetone and 70 parts of ethanol water；The concentration of volume percent of the ethanol water is 54%.
Thimerosal the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, take folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood and cordate houttuynia, acetone be added, flow back at 60 DEG C
It extracts 25 minutes, then filters, collect filter residue, ethanol water is then added in filter residue, after microwave abstracting 30 minutes, mistake
Filter collects filtrate, obtains extracting solution；Then snake oil and eucalyptus oil are added in extracting solution, is uniformly mixed, obtains thimerosal.
The application method of thimerosal are as follows: cancel venom and sprayed, sprinkling volume is 4ml/ silkworm seeds.
B. silkworm seed activates, and obtains activation ovum: adjust silkworm room temperature be 8 DEG C, humidity 25%, then cancel the silkworm seed after poison,
It is impregnated 15 minutes with 8 DEG C of activating solutions, then takes out, obtain activation ovum；The activating solution includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: cool
120 parts of boiled water, 8 parts of mulberry leaf, 4 parts of orange peel, 3 parts of the leaf of bamboo, 2 parts of watermelon peel, 2 parts of Yoghourt, 1 part of trehalose and 1 part of distiller's yeast；
Wherein, activating solution the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, take mulberry leaf, orange peel, the leaf of bamboo and watermelon peel, clean and dry,
It is placed in vacuum tank, cold water, Yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast is then added, stirs evenly, then seals, vacuum tank is set
Vacuum degree is 50kPa, fermentation temperature is 32 DEG C, carries out 50 hour fermentations, obtains fermentation material, then fermentation material is with 0.1 micron
Membrane filtration collects filtrate, obtains activating solution.
C. the protection of activation ovum, refrigeration, obtain refrigeration ovum: taking activation ovum, are sprayed using 2 DEG C of protection liquid against activation ovum, to
Activation ovum surface protection liquid sprays 1 protection liquid after drying again, dries surface protection liquid, and it is small to be subsequently placed in refrigeration 72 in freezer
When, setting temperature of ice house is 4 DEG C, obtains refrigeration ovum；The protection liquid includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: 3 parts of sorbierite, sweet
2 parts of oil, 1.2 parts of cyclodextrin, 0.8 part of trehalose and 0.2 part of ethyl acetate；
Wherein, protect liquid the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, takes sorbierite to be placed in glycerol, stirs evenly, is mixed
Liquid is closed, it is spare；Trehalose is taken, ethyl acetate stirring wetting is added at 6 DEG C, then proceedes to keep 6 DEG C of addition cyclodextrin, mixing
Uniformly, it is subsequently added into above-mentioned mixed liquor, is stirred evenly, protection liquid is obtained.
D. refrigeration ovum hastens the hatching of silkworms, and must turn green ovum: take refrigeration ovum, be placed in silkworm room and rise again, be arranged silkworm room temperature for 8 DEG C,
Humidity is 65%, and the time of rising again is 1 hour, then increases silkworm room temperature and hastens the hatching of silkworms to 27 DEG C, hastens the hatching of silkworms 8 hours, obtains turning blueness
Ovum；
E. turn the photosensitive hatching of green ovum, obtain newly-hatched silkworm: the fluorescent lamp for being 25lux with intensity of illumination carries out 40 minutes to green ovum is turned
It is photosensitive, it keeps fluorescent lamp and turns in 80cm at a distance from green ovum, hatching obtains newly-hatched silkworm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of egg-incubation method, comprising the following steps:
A. silkworm seed sterilize: take the silkworm plaque equipped with silkworm seed, be placed in silkworm room, setting silkworm room temperature be 18 DEG C, humidity 30%,
It is carried out disinfection with thimerosal to silkworm seed, the temperature of thimerosal is 20 DEG C；The silkworm seed is hibernating egg and non hibernating egg, the more year
Ovum and non hibernating egg are respectively placed on different silkworm plaques；
Wherein, non hibernating egg is pre-processed before disinfection, the preprocess method are as follows: is taken non hibernating egg to be placed in first and is urged
In green room, setting hasten the hatching of silkworms room temperature be 28 DEG C, humidity 74%, place 72 hours.
Thimerosal includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: 9 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 5 parts of sweet wormwood, 4 parts of cordate houttuynia, 0.4 part of snake oil, eucalyptus oil
0.3 part, 50 parts of acetone and 80 parts of ethanol water；The concentration of volume percent of the ethanol water is 60%.
Thimerosal the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, take folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood and cordate houttuynia, acetone be added, flow back at 70 DEG C
Extract 35 minutes, then filter, collect filter residue, be then added ethanol water in filter residue, microwave abstracting after forty minutes, mistake
Filter collects filtrate, obtains extracting solution；Then snake oil and eucalyptus oil are added in extracting solution, is uniformly mixed, obtains thimerosal.
The application method of thimerosal are as follows: cancel venom and sprayed, sprinkling volume is 5ml/ silkworm seeds.
B. silkworm seed activates, and obtains activation ovum: adjust silkworm room temperature be 12 DEG C, humidity 35%, then cancel the silkworm seed after poison,
It is impregnated 30 minutes with 12 DEG C of activating solutions, then takes out, obtain activation ovum；The activating solution includes the raw material of following weight part ratio:
130 parts of cold water, 10 parts of mulberry leaf, 6 parts of orange peel, 5 parts of the leaf of bamboo, 4 parts of watermelon peel, 3 parts of Yoghourt, 2 parts of trehalose and 2 parts of distiller's yeast；
Wherein, activating solution the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, take mulberry leaf, orange peel, the leaf of bamboo and watermelon peel, clean and dry,
It is placed in vacuum tank, cold water, Yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast is then added, stirs evenly, then seals, vacuum tank is set
Vacuum degree is 60kPa, fermentation temperature is 34 DEG C, carries out 60 hour fermentations, obtains fermentation material, then fermentation material is with 0.2 micron
Membrane filtration collects filtrate, obtains activating solution.
C. the protection of activation ovum, refrigeration, obtain refrigeration ovum: taking activation ovum, are sprayed using 6 DEG C of protection liquid against activation ovum, to
Activation ovum surface protection liquid sprays 1 protection liquid after drying again, dries surface protection liquid, is subsequently placed in freezer and refrigerates 120
Hour, setting temperature of ice house is 4 DEG C, obtains refrigeration ovum；The protection liquid includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: 5 parts of sorbierite,
4 parts of glycerol, 1.8 parts of cyclodextrin, 1.4 parts of trehalose and 0.4 part of ethyl acetate；
Wherein, protect liquid the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, takes sorbierite to be placed in glycerol, stirs evenly, is mixed
Liquid is closed, it is spare；Trehalose is taken, ethyl acetate stirring wetting is added at 10 DEG C, then proceedes to keep 10 DEG C of addition cyclodextrin, mix
It closes uniformly, is subsequently added into above-mentioned mixed liquor, stirs evenly, obtain protection liquid.
D. refrigeration ovum hastens the hatching of silkworms, and must turn green ovum: take refrigeration ovum, be placed in silkworm room and rise again, be arranged silkworm room temperature for 16 DEG C,
Humidity is 75%, and the time of rising again is 2 hours, then increases silkworm room temperature and hastens the hatching of silkworms to 29 DEG C, hastens the hatching of silkworms 10 hours, obtains turning blueness
Ovum；
E. turn the photosensitive hatching of green ovum, obtain newly-hatched silkworm: the fluorescent lamp for being 25-35lux with intensity of illumination carries out 50 points to green ovum is turned
Clock it is photosensitive, keep fluorescent lamp and turn to hatch in 90cm at a distance from green ovum and obtain newly-hatched silkworm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of egg-incubation method, comprising the following steps:
A. silkworm seed sterilize: take the silkworm plaque equipped with silkworm seed, be placed in silkworm room, setting silkworm room temperature be 15 DEG C, humidity 23%,
It is carried out disinfection with thimerosal to silkworm seed, the temperature of thimerosal is 17 DEG C；The silkworm seed is hibernating egg and non hibernating egg, the more year
Ovum and non hibernating egg are respectively placed on different silkworm plaques；
Wherein, non hibernating egg is pre-processed before disinfection, the preprocess method are as follows: is taken non hibernating egg to be placed in first and is urged
In green room, setting hasten the hatching of silkworms room temperature be 26 DEG C, humidity 71%, place 54 hours.
Thimerosal includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: 6 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 3.5 parts of sweet wormwood, 2.5 parts of cordate houttuynia, snake oil 0.32
Part, 0.15 part of eucalyptus oil, 42 parts of acetone and 72 parts of ethanol water；The concentration of volume percent of the ethanol water is 55%.
Thimerosal the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, take folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood and cordate houttuynia, acetone be added, flow back at 62 DEG C
It extracts 27 minutes, then filters, collect filter residue, ethanol water is then added in filter residue, after microwave abstracting 32 minutes, mistake
Filter collects filtrate, obtains extracting solution；Then snake oil and eucalyptus oil are added in extracting solution, is uniformly mixed, obtains thimerosal.
The application method of thimerosal are as follows: by silkworm seed together with silkworm plaque, be placed in thimerosal and impregnate 5 minutes.
B. silkworm seed activates, and obtains activation ovum: adjust silkworm room temperature be 9 DEG C, humidity 28%, then cancel the silkworm seed after poison,
It is impregnated 18 minutes with 9 DEG C of activating solutions, then takes out, obtain activation ovum；The activating solution includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: cool
123 parts of boiled water, 8.5 parts of mulberry leaf, 4.5 parts of orange peel, 3.5 parts of the leaf of bamboo, 2.5 parts of watermelon peel, 2.3 parts of Yoghourt, 1.2 parts of trehalose and wine
It is 1.3 parts bent；
Wherein, activating solution the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, take mulberry leaf, orange peel, the leaf of bamboo and watermelon peel, clean and dry,
It is placed in vacuum tank, cold water, Yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast is then added, stirs evenly, then seals, vacuum tank is set
Vacuum degree is 53kPa, fermentation temperature is 33 DEG C, carries out 52 hour fermentations, obtains fermentation material, then fermentation material is with 0.12 micron
Membrane filtration collects filtrate, obtains activating solution.
C. the protection of activation ovum, refrigeration, obtain refrigeration ovum: taking activation ovum, are sprayed using 3 DEG C of protection liquid against activation ovum, to
Activation ovum surface protection liquid sprays 1 protection liquid after drying again, dries surface protection liquid, is subsequently placed in freezer and refrigerates 108
Hour, setting temperature of ice house is 1 DEG C, obtains refrigeration ovum；The protection liquid includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: sorbierite 3.5
Part, 2.5 parts of glycerol, 1.3 parts of cyclodextrin, 0.9 part of trehalose and 0.25 part of ethyl acetate；
Wherein, protect liquid the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, takes sorbierite to be placed in glycerol, stirs evenly, is mixed
Liquid is closed, it is spare；Trehalose is taken, ethyl acetate stirring wetting is added at 7 DEG C, then proceedes to keep 7 DEG C of addition cyclodextrin, mixing
Uniformly, it is subsequently added into above-mentioned mixed liquor, is stirred evenly, protection liquid is obtained.
D. refrigeration ovum hastens the hatching of silkworms, and must turn green ovum: take refrigeration ovum, be placed in silkworm room and rise again, be arranged silkworm room temperature for 10 DEG C,
Humidity is 68%, and the time of rising again is 1.2 hours, then increases silkworm room temperature and hastens the hatching of silkworms to 28 DEG C, hastens the hatching of silkworms 8.5 hours, obtain
Turn green ovum；
E. turn the photosensitive hatching of green ovum, obtain newly-hatched silkworm: the fluorescent lamp for being 27lux with intensity of illumination carries out 42 minutes to green ovum is turned
It is photosensitive, it keeps fluorescent lamp and turns in 83cm at a distance from green ovum, hatching obtains newly-hatched silkworm.
Embodiment 4
A kind of egg-incubation method, comprising the following steps:
A. silkworm seed sterilize: take the silkworm plaque equipped with silkworm seed, be placed in silkworm room, setting silkworm room temperature be 17 DEG C, humidity 28%,
It is carried out disinfection with thimerosal to silkworm seed, the temperature of thimerosal is 19 DEG C；The silkworm seed is hibernating egg and non hibernating egg, the more year
Ovum and non hibernating egg are respectively placed on different silkworm plaques；
Wherein, non hibernating egg is pre-processed before disinfection, the preprocess method are as follows: is taken non hibernating egg to be placed in first and is urged
In green room, setting hasten the hatching of silkworms room temperature be 27 DEG C, humidity 73%, place 66 hours.
Thimerosal includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: 8 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 4.5 parts of sweet wormwood, 3.5 parts of cordate houttuynia, snake oil 0.37
Part, 0.25 part of eucalyptus oil, 48 parts of acetone and 77 parts of ethanol water；The concentration of volume percent of the ethanol water is 58%.
Thimerosal the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, take folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood and cordate houttuynia, acetone be added, flow back at 67 DEG C
It extracts 33 minutes, then filters, collect filter residue, ethanol water is then added in filter residue, after microwave abstracting 37 minutes, mistake
Filter collects filtrate, obtains extracting solution；Then snake oil and eucalyptus oil are added in extracting solution, is uniformly mixed, obtains thimerosal.
The application method of thimerosal are as follows: by silkworm seed together with silkworm plaque, be placed in thimerosal and impregnate 6 minutes.
B. silkworm seed activates, and obtains activation ovum: adjust silkworm room temperature be 11 DEG C, humidity 33%, then cancel the silkworm seed after poison,
It is impregnated 26 minutes with 11 DEG C of activating solutions, then takes out, obtain activation ovum；The activating solution includes the raw material of following weight part ratio:
128 parts of cold water, 9.5 parts of mulberry leaf, 5.5 parts of orange peel, 4.5 parts of the leaf of bamboo, 3.5 parts of watermelon peel, 2.7 parts of Yoghourt, 1.8 parts of trehalose and
1.7 parts of distiller's yeast；
Wherein, activating solution the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, take mulberry leaf, orange peel, the leaf of bamboo and watermelon peel, clean and dry,
It is placed in vacuum tank, cold water, Yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast is then added, stirs evenly, then seals, vacuum tank is set
Vacuum degree is 58kPa, fermentation temperature is 33 DEG C, carries out 57 hour fermentations, obtains fermentation material, then fermentation material is with 0.18 micron
Membrane filtration collects filtrate, obtains activating solution.
C. the protection of activation ovum, refrigeration, obtain refrigeration ovum: taking activation ovum, are sprayed using 5 DEG C of protection liquid against activation ovum, to
Activation ovum surface protection liquid sprays 1 protection liquid after drying again, dries surface protection liquid, is subsequently placed in freezer and refrigerates 108
Hour, setting temperature of ice house is 3 DEG C, obtains refrigeration ovum；The protection liquid includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: sorbierite 4.5
Part, 3.5 parts of glycerol, 1.6 parts of cyclodextrin, 1.3 parts of trehalose and 0.35 part of ethyl acetate；
Wherein, protect liquid the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, takes sorbierite to be placed in glycerol, stirs evenly, is mixed
Liquid is closed, it is spare；Trehalose is taken, ethyl acetate stirring wetting is added at 9 DEG C, then proceedes to keep 9 DEG C of addition cyclodextrin, mixing
Uniformly, it is subsequently added into above-mentioned mixed liquor, is stirred evenly, protection liquid is obtained.
D. refrigeration ovum hastens the hatching of silkworms, and must turn green ovum: take refrigeration ovum, be placed in silkworm room and rise again, be arranged silkworm room temperature for 14 DEG C,
Humidity is 73%, and the time of rising again is 1.8 hours, then increases silkworm room temperature and hastens the hatching of silkworms to 28 DEG C, hastens the hatching of silkworms 9.5 hours, obtain
Turn green ovum；
E. turn the photosensitive hatching of green ovum, obtain newly-hatched silkworm: the fluorescent lamp for being 33lux with intensity of illumination carries out 47 minutes to green ovum is turned
It is photosensitive, it keeps fluorescent lamp and turns in 88cm at a distance from green ovum, hatching obtains newly-hatched silkworm.
Embodiment 5
A kind of egg-incubation method, comprising the following steps:
A. silkworm seed sterilize: take the silkworm plaque equipped with silkworm seed, be placed in silkworm room, setting silkworm room temperature be 16 DEG C, humidity 25%,
It is carried out disinfection with thimerosal to silkworm seed, the temperature of thimerosal is 18 DEG C；The silkworm seed is hibernating egg and non hibernating egg, the more year
Ovum and non hibernating egg are respectively placed on different silkworm plaques；
Wherein, non hibernating egg is pre-processed before disinfection, the preprocess method are as follows: is taken non hibernating egg to be placed in first and is urged
In green room, setting hasten the hatching of silkworms room temperature be 26 DEG C, humidity 72%, place 60 hours.
Thimerosal includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: 7 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 4 parts of sweet wormwood, 3 parts of cordate houttuynia, 0.35 part of snake oil, eucalyptus
0.2 part of oil, 45 parts of acetone and 75 parts of ethanol water；The concentration of volume percent of the ethanol water is 57%.
Thimerosal the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, take folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood and cordate houttuynia, acetone be added, flow back at 65 DEG C
It extracts 30 minutes, then filters, collect filter residue, ethanol water is then added in filter residue, after microwave abstracting 35 minutes, mistake
Filter collects filtrate, obtains extracting solution；Then snake oil and eucalyptus oil are added in extracting solution, is uniformly mixed, obtains thimerosal.
The application method of thimerosal are as follows: by silkworm seed together with silkworm plaque, be placed in thimerosal and impregnate 6 minutes.
B. silkworm seed activates, and obtains activation ovum: adjust silkworm room temperature be 10 DEG C, humidity 30%, then cancel the silkworm seed after poison,
It is impregnated 22 minutes with 10 DEG C of activating solutions, then takes out, obtain activation ovum；The activating solution includes the raw material of following weight part ratio:
125 parts of cold water, 9 parts of mulberry leaf, 5 parts of orange peel, 4 parts of the leaf of bamboo, 3 parts of watermelon peel, 2.5 parts of Yoghourt, 1.5 parts of trehalose and distiller's yeast 1.5
Part；
Wherein, activating solution the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, take mulberry leaf, orange peel, the leaf of bamboo and watermelon peel, clean and dry,
It is placed in vacuum tank, cold water, Yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast is then added, stirs evenly, then seals, vacuum tank is set
Vacuum degree is 55kPa, fermentation temperature is 33 DEG C, carries out 55 hour fermentations, obtains fermentation material, then fermentation material is with 0.15 micron
Membrane filtration collects filtrate, obtains activating solution.
C. the protection of activation ovum, refrigeration, obtain refrigeration ovum: taking activation ovum, are sprayed using 4 DEG C of protection liquid against activation ovum, to
Activation ovum surface protection liquid sprays 1 protection liquid after drying again, dries surface protection liquid, and it is small to be subsequently placed in refrigeration 96 in freezer
When, setting temperature of ice house is 2 DEG C, obtains refrigeration ovum；The protection liquid includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: 4 parts of sorbierite, sweet
3 parts of oil, 1.4 parts of cyclodextrin, 1.1 parts of trehalose and 0.3 part of ethyl acetate；
Wherein, protect liquid the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight, takes sorbierite to be placed in glycerol, stirs evenly, is mixed
Liquid is closed, it is spare；Trehalose is taken, ethyl acetate stirring wetting is added at 8 DEG C, then proceedes to keep 8 DEG C of addition cyclodextrin, mixing
Uniformly, it is subsequently added into above-mentioned mixed liquor, is stirred evenly, protection liquid is obtained.
D. refrigeration ovum hastens the hatching of silkworms, and must turn green ovum: take refrigeration ovum, be placed in silkworm room and rise again, be arranged silkworm room temperature for 12 DEG C,
Humidity is 70%, and the time of rising again is 1.5 hours, then increases silkworm room temperature and hastens the hatching of silkworms to 28 DEG C, hastens the hatching of silkworms 9 hours, turned
Green ovum；
E. turn the photosensitive hatching of green ovum, obtain newly-hatched silkworm: the fluorescent lamp for being 30lux with intensity of illumination carries out 45 minutes to green ovum is turned
It is photosensitive, it keeps fluorescent lamp and turns in 85cm at a distance from green ovum, hatching obtains newly-hatched silkworm.
Embodiment 6
In addition to the preparation of thimerosal in step a replaces ethanol water using water, remaining method is the same as embodiment 5.
Embodiment 7
In addition to the preparation of thimerosal in step a is added without snake oil, remaining method is the same as embodiment 5.
Embodiment 8
In addition to without the activation of the silkworm seed of step b, remaining method is the same as embodiment 5.
Embodiment 9
In addition to being added without trehalose in step b, remaining method is the same as embodiment 5.
Embodiment 10
In addition to being added without ethyl acetate wetting when the protection liquid preparation in step c, remaining method is the same as embodiment 5.
Embodiment 11
It is added without ethyl acetate wetting when preparing except the protection liquid in step c, is also added without cyclodextrin encapsulated outer, remaining side
Method is the same as embodiment 5.
The comparison of 12 implementation result of embodiment
1. prepared by laboratory sample: selection is with a collection of hibernating egg and non hibernating egg, and sericulture amount is in terms of 1 silkworm seed, respectively by real
The method hatching for applying a 1-11, obtains laboratory sample 1-11.
2. evaluation method: the hatching rate on the one and newly-hatched silkworm of hibernating egg and non hibernating egg are flat in statistical experiment sample 1-11 respectively
Equal weight；Meanwhile routinely method for breeding by newly-hatched silkworm feed to four dormancy five age matured silkworms randomly select every part respectively after cocooing
Hibernating egg and non hibernating egg silk cocoon each 50 of laboratory sample weigh, statistical average weight, and count cocoon yield respectively.
3. experimental result
1 newly-hatched silkworm of table and silk cocoon evaluation result
Find out from 1 result of table, the evaluation result of laboratory sample 1-5 is better than laboratory sample 6-11.
Thimerosal in laboratory sample 6, as solvent, keeps silkworm seed shell surface moisture excessive using water, and gas permeability is deteriorated, shadow
Hatching rate on the one and newly-hatched silkworm weight have been rung, cocoon quality and yield is caused to decline.
That snake oil is not added in the thimerosal of laboratory sample 7, the effect of impregnation of thimerosal is set to be deteriorated, under bacteriostasis antibiosis effect
Drop, causes silkworm seed hatching rate on the one and newly-hatched silkworm weight to decline, and cocoon quality and yield reduce.
Activation step is omitted in the silkworm seed of laboratory sample 8, keeps the growth rate of silkworm seed slack-off, and maturation time is later,
Hatching rate on the one and newly-hatched silkworm weight are affected, and cocoon quality and yield is caused to decline.
Without addition trehalose in the activating solution of laboratory sample 9, the bioenzyme activity structure in activating solution is made to lack protection,
Activity decline causes silkworm seed hatching rate on the one and newly-hatched silkworm weight to decline, cocoon quality and yield decline.
Ethyl acetate is not added when the protection liquid preparation of laboratory sample 10 to be moistened, the protection liquid of laboratory sample 11 exists
Ethyl acetate and cyclodextrin are not added when preparation, declines trehalose to the defencive function of protein and cell wall, makes silkworm
Ovum hatching rate on the one, newly-hatched silkworm weight, cocoon quality and yield reduce.
Above description is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, it is all the present invention suggested by technical spirit under completed same changes or modifications change, should all belong to
In the covered the scope of the patents of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of egg-incubation method, which comprises the following steps:
A. silkworm seed sterilize: take the silkworm plaque equipped with silkworm seed, be placed in silkworm room, setting silkworm room temperature be 14-18 DEG C, humidity 20%-
30%, it is carried out disinfection with thimerosal to silkworm seed, the temperature of thimerosal is 16-20 DEG C；The silkworm seed be hibernating egg and non hibernating egg,
The hibernating egg and non hibernating egg are respectively placed on different silkworm plaques；
B. silkworm seed activates, and obtains activation ovum: adjust silkworm room temperature be 8-12 DEG C, humidity 25%-35%, then cancel the silkworm after poison
Ovum is impregnated 15-30 minutes with 8-12 DEG C of activating solution, then takes out, obtain activation ovum；The activating solution includes following weight part ratio
Raw material: 120-130 parts of cold water, 8-10 parts of mulberry leaf, 4-6 parts of orange peel, 3-5 parts of the leaf of bamboo, 2-4 parts of watermelon peel, 2-3 parts of Yoghourt,
1-2 parts and distiller's yeast 1-2 parts of trehalose；
C. the protection of activation ovum, refrigeration, obtain refrigeration ovum: taking activation ovum, are sprayed using 2-6 DEG C of protection liquid against activation ovum, wait live
Change after ovum surface protection liquid dries and spray 1 protection liquid again, dries surface protection liquid, be subsequently placed in freezer and refrigerate 72-120
Hour, setting temperature of ice house is 0-4 DEG C, obtains refrigeration ovum；The protection liquid includes the raw material of following weight part ratio: sorbierite 3-
5 parts, 2-4 parts of glycerol, 1.2-1.8 parts of cyclodextrin, 0.8-1.4 parts of trehalose and 0.2-0.4 parts of ethyl acetate；
D. refrigeration ovum hastens the hatching of silkworms, and must turn green ovum: take refrigeration ovum, be placed in silkworm room and rise again, be arranged silkworm room temperature for 8-16 DEG C, it is wet
Degree is 65%-75%, and the time of rising again is 1-2 hour, and then raising silkworm room temperature is hastened the hatching of silkworms to 27-29 DEG C, and the 8-10 that hastens the hatching of silkworms is small
When, it obtains turning green ovum；
E. turn the photosensitive hatching of green ovum, obtain newly-hatched silkworm: the fluorescent lamp for being 25-35lux with intensity of illumination carries out 40-50 minutes to green ovum is turned
It is photosensitive, keep fluorescent lamp and turn at a distance from green ovum between 80-90cm, hatching obtains newly-hatched silkworm of the weight more than 700 μ g.
2. a kind of egg-incubation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation of activating solution described in step b
Method are as follows: by weight, take mulberry leaf, orange peel, the leaf of bamboo and watermelon peel, clean and dry, be placed in vacuum tank, cool open then is added
Water, Yoghourt, trehalose and distiller's yeast, stir evenly, and then seal, and the vacuum degree that vacuum tank is arranged is 50~60kPa, fermentation temperature
It is 32-34 DEG C, carries out 50-60 hour fermentation, obtain fermentation material, then fermentation material is filtered with 0.1-0.2 micron membrane filter, is collected
Filtrate obtains activating solution.
3. a kind of egg-incubation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that protect the preparation of liquid described in step c
Method are as follows: by weight, sorbierite is taken to be placed in glycerol, stirred evenly, obtains mixed liquor, it is spare；Trehalose is taken, in 6-10
Ethyl acetate stirring wetting is added at DEG C, then proceedes to keep 6-10 DEG C of addition cyclodextrin, be uniformly mixed, is subsequently added into above-mentioned mixed
Liquid is closed, is stirred evenly, protection liquid is obtained.
4. a kind of egg-incubation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that thimerosal described in step a include with
The raw material of lower weight part ratio: 5-9 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 3-5 parts of sweet wormwood, 2-4 parts of cordate houttuynia, 0.3-0.4 parts of snake oil, 0.1-0.3 parts of eucalyptus oil,
40-50 parts and ethanol water 70-80 parts of acetone；The concentration of volume percent of the ethanol water is 54%-60%.
5. a kind of egg-incubation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the thimerosal the preparation method comprises the following steps:
By weight, take folium artemisiae argyi, sweet wormwood and cordate houttuynia, acetone be added, 60-70 DEG C refluxing extraction 25-35 minutes, then filter,
Filter residue is collected, ethanol water is then added in filter residue, after microwave abstracting 30-40 minutes, filtering is collected filtrate, mentioned
Take liquid；Then snake oil and eucalyptus oil are added in extracting solution, is uniformly mixed, obtains thimerosal.
6. a kind of according to claim 1, egg-incubation method described in 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the user of the thimerosal
Method are as follows: cancel venom and sprayed, sprinkling volume is 4-5ml/ silkworm seeds.
7. a kind of according to claim 1, egg-incubation method described in 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the user of the thimerosal
Method are as follows: by silkworm seed together with silkworm plaque, be placed in thimerosal and impregnate 5-7 minutes.
8. a kind of egg-incubation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that non hibernating egg described in step a is disappearing
It is pre-processed before poison, the preprocess method are as follows: take non hibernating egg to be placed in first and hasten the hatching of silkworms in room, setting room temperature of hastening the hatching of silkworms is
25-28 DEG C, humidity 70%-74% are placed 48-72 hours.
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