CN109588294A - A kind of tobacco based on water planting adds Dai Fangfa - Google Patents

A kind of tobacco based on water planting adds Dai Fangfa Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109588294A
CN109588294A CN201811635864.5A CN201811635864A CN109588294A CN 109588294 A CN109588294 A CN 109588294A CN 201811635864 A CN201811635864 A CN 201811635864A CN 109588294 A CN109588294 A CN 109588294A
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China
Prior art keywords
tobacco
water
nutrition
pond
fangfa
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CN201811635864.5A
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CN109588294B (en
Inventor
孟霖
凌爱芬
胡海洲
许立峰
王勇
战徊旭
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Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS
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Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of tobaccos based on water planting to add Dai Fangfa, specifically includes: processing, sabot sowing, temperature control, liquid manure control, reproduction induction, change control and the flower and fruit thinning of nutrition pond and etc..Tobacco disclosed by the invention, which adds, overcomes disadvantage existing in the prior art for method, using technical measures such as time of infertility soilless cultivation, dense planting, dwarf treatments, has explored a kind of efficiently low tobacco " formula " plus Dai Fangfa.

Description

A kind of tobacco based on water planting adds Dai Fangfa
Technical field
The present invention relates to tobaccos to expand numerous added-generation technical field, concretely relates to a kind of tobacco based on water planting and adds Dai Fang Method.
Background technique
South numerous added-generation be numerous plant breeding and genetic research work in important link, thus can accelerate breeding process, Improve breeding efficiency；Tobacco had both been important the model plant of industrial crops and genetics research, the group in genetics research Body building or genetic breeding material are usually constructed with several hundred or thousands of a strains, and it is south numerous added-generation or utilization that traditional tobacco, which adds for mode, The greenhouse applied is set up with light temperature control to carry out adding generation.
But Nan Fan work not only expends too many human and material resources, increases the fund obligation of breeding work；And because Tobacco plant type is tall and big, and a small amount of cigarette strain can only be planted under greenhouse experiment, and winter greenhouse is made to add generation in use cost and actually available Occurs certain limitation in terms of area.Currently, the existing report added with tobacco for the related new technology of breeding, but this method is not only The interior space, temperature controlling instruments, artificial light source need to be occupied, and needs matrix vernalization, water planting nursery, matrix transplanting three phases behaviour Make, adds generation also to need replacing the troublesome operations such as nutrient solution, leaf-cutting in the process, there are facility cost height, labor service dosage height etc. are many Problem.
Therefore, how to provide a kind of efficient increasing generation technique of tobacco based on water planting is those skilled in the art's urgent need to resolve The problem of.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of tobaccos based on water planting to add Dai Fangfa, the present invention overcomes the prior arts Present in disadvantage explored a kind of efficiently low using technical measures such as time of infertility soilless cultivation, dense planting, dwarf treatments This tobacco " formula " plus Dai Fangfa.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of tobacco based on water planting adds Dai Fangfa, comprising:
1) processing of nutrition pond；Rear spraying insecticide is made real by nutrition bottom of pond portion is smooth, then with a thickness of 0.1-0.3mm Black thin film be laid in pond, clear water is added into nutrition pond；
2) it sabot and sows: adjusting the water content of sabot matrix to 30%-35%, and be loaded into plus in hole tray, it will Tobacco seed is sowed in the sabot matrix, depth of planting 2-3mm, after planting in the matrix of the surface of the seed covering 1-2mm； Will plus in the hole tray nutrition pond that is put into the step 1) that treated；
3) temperature controls: before tobacco emergence, indoor temperature control is at 25-28 DEG C, to 8 true leaves after tobacco emergence Before, indoor temperature control is at 15-35 DEG C；
4) fertilizer controls；
5) reproduction induces: after 8 true leaves, adjusting temperature of shed to 11-14 DEG C, maintains 10-20 days；Alternatively, in 8 true leaves Afterwards, the adjustment photoperiod is day night=8/16, is maintained 15-20 days；
6) dwarf treatment: being the cycocel of 25-35mg/L in after planting 60 days spraying concentrations；
7) flower and fruit thinning: in bagging or after finishing hybridization, selection retains 4-6 normotrophic capsules, other buds and Capsule all removes.
Optionally, the nutrition tank depth is 10-15cm, length 10-15m, width 0.7-0.9m.
Optionally, the sabot matrix includes the raw material of following weight parts proportion: turf: vermiculite: perlite=3:1:1.
Optionally, described plus length and width and thick respectively 80cm, 40cm and 5cm for hole tray；Single cave volume is 80ml, institute It states single cave bottom and is uniformly distributed the aperture that 4 diameters are 0.4cm.
Optionally, the fertilizer control in the step 3) includes: to emerge to tobacco to before 5 true leaves, by full nutrition fertilizer Apply nutrition pond, dosage N/H2O=100mg/Kg；To tobacco seedlings to 5-7 piece leaf period, then apply 1 full nutrition fertilizer, dosage Are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；Start to budding to cigarette strain, applies a ternary compound fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg.
Optionally, the clear water amount in the step 1) in nutrition pond are as follows: when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C indoors, disposably plus water To 15-20cm；When room temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, water layer is preferably controlled in 5-8cm.
Optionally, the clear water amount in the step 1) in nutrition pond are as follows: when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C indoors, disposably plus water To 15-20cm；When room temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, water layer is preferably controlled in 5-8cm.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention provides a kind of tobaccos based on water planting to add Dai Fangfa, using " a journey Formula " live streaming plus Dai Fanyu are added for hole tray as carrier using molding in glasshouse or vinyl house, complete sprouting for seed Hair seedling, buddings, pollinates and the process of seed maturation；Wherein, in nutrition pond bottom spray insecticide, it can reach the effect of prevention Fruit, prevention and treatment tobacco seedling breed pest and disease damage；After 8 true leaves, low temperature induction is carried out to tobacco seedling or short-day induces, so that cigarette Strain turns to reproductive growth by nutrient growth, promotes bud differentiation, shortens breeding time；Cycocel is sprayed to cigarette strain, can control cigarette The plant type of strain, the lodging for preventing cigarette strain from occurring by excessive growth, while promoting bud differentiation；Flower and fruit thinning, it is ensured that the capsule stayed Fruit has sufficient nutrition, improves seed quality.
Secondly, temperature is controlled at 25-28 DEG C, to obtain maximum emergence rate before tobacco emergence；It is right after tobacco emergence Tobacco carries out liquid manure control, guarantees that tobacco obtains sufficient nutrition in different growth phase, to buddingging after 5-7 piece true leaf Before, no longer application compound fertilizer accelerates to be changed from nutrient growth to reproductive growth to limit nutrient growth, control plant type.
In conclusion having the technical effect that of reaching of the present invention
1) it is induced by low temperature induction and short-day, so that tobacco seedling turns to reproductive growth by nutrient growth, shortens life Educate the period；
2) plant type that tobacco is controlled by spraying cycocel, so that the breeding of tobacco can be completed in greenhouse；
3) plus for hole tray, nutrition pond and temperature and sunshine control so that tobacco can be completed in hole tray seed sprout, Seedling buddings, pollinates and the processes such as seed maturation, compared with prior art, within the unit time, improves plus the efficiency in generation.
4) process of matrix transplanting and replacement nutrient solution is eliminated, meanwhile, by divulging information, cancelling warming and shading arrange It applies, floral bud induction differentiation eliminates temperature controlling instruments and artificial light source, saved cost.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the present invention plus the perspective view for hole tray；
Fig. 2 is the present invention plus the plan view for hole tray；
Fig. 3 attached drawing is the enlarged drawing of single cave of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without making creative work The every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Attached drawing 1 and attached drawing 2 are referred to, wherein 1 represents Jia Dai hole tray, 2 represent single cave, and 3 represent aperture.
Embodiment one: the induction of verifying short-day, influence of the low temperature induction to tobacco seedling
The invention discloses a kind of tobaccos based on water planting to add Dai Fangfa, comprising:
1) processing of nutrition pond: rear spraying insecticide is made real by nutrition bottom of pond portion is smooth, then with a thickness of the black of 0.1mm Color film is laid in pond, and clear water is added into nutrition pond；When temperature is higher than 25 DEG C indoors, 15cm is disposably added water to；Work as room When interior temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, water layer preferably control in 5cm, if discovery water level decreasing, progress moisturizing in time is to originating water level；Nutrition pond Depth is 15cm, length 15m, width 0.85m；
2) it sabot and sows: adjusting the water content of sabot matrix to 35%, be loaded into plus in hole tray, while by tobacco Seed is sowed in sabot matrix, depth of planting 3mm, after planting in the matrix of the surface of the seed covering 2mm；Then will add for cave In nutrition pond that disk is put into step 1) that treated；Sabot matrix includes the raw material of following weight parts proportion: turf: vermiculite: precious Zhu Yan=3:1:1；Add the length and width and thick respectively 80cm, 40cm and 5cm for hole tray；Single cave volume is 80ml, and single cave bottom is equal The aperture that even 4 diameters of distribution are 0.4cm；
3) temperature controls: before tobacco emergence, indoor temperature control is at 28 DEG C；After tobacco emergence to 8 true leaves it Before, indoor temperature control is at 25 DEG C；
4) liquid manure controls；It emerges to tobacco to before 5 true leaves, full nutrition fertilizer is applied into nutrition pond, dosage N/H2O= 100mg/Kg；To tobacco seedlings to 5 leaf periods, then apply 1 full nutrition fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；Start to cigarette strain Budding, applies a ternary compound fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；After 5 true leaves to before buddingging, no longer application is multiple Hefei accelerates to be changed from nutrient growth to reproductive growth, if tobacco growing way is too weak, can fit to limit nutrient growth, control plant type When a small amount of ternary compound fertilizer (N/P/K=1/1/2.5) of application；Depending on water control is because of season, proper temperature season can be kept 15cm water layer is reduced with this and adds water workload, temperature lower season, water layer 5cm.
5) reproduction induces: after 8 true leaves, one group adjusts the photoperiod for day night=6/18, to tobacco by way of shading Seedling is induced；Another group by way of low temperature induction, controls the temperature in canopy at 12 DEG C, lures tobacco seedling It leads；
6) dwarf treatment: being the cycocel of 30mg/L in after planting 60 days spraying concentrations；
7) flower and fruit thinning: in bagging or after finishing hybridization, selection retains 5 normotrophic capsules, other buds and capsule Fruit all removes.
Added with the tobacco that the present embodiment obtains and is shown in Table one for the period
Table one
Induction mode Low temperature induction Short-day induction
Add for the period 123 days 121 days
Embodiment two, emergence rate of the verifying sabot matrix to tobacco seedling, the influence in survival rate and growth period:
A kind of tobacco based on water planting adds Dai Fangfa, comprising:
1) processing of nutrition pond: rear spraying insecticide is made real by nutrition bottom of pond portion is smooth, then with a thickness of the black of 0.1mm Color film is laid in pond, and clear water is added into nutrition pond；When temperature is higher than 25 DEG C indoors, 15cm is disposably added water to；Work as room When interior temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, water layer preferably control in 5cm, if discovery water level decreasing, progress moisturizing in time is to originating water level；Nutrition pond Depth is 15cm, length 15m, width 0.85m；
2) it sabot and sows: adjusting the water content of sabot matrix respectively to 30%, 32%, 34%, 36%, 38%, 40%, The matrix of different moisture content is respectively charged into different plus in hole tray, while tobacco seed being sowed to the dress different in water content In disk base material, depth of planting 3mm, after planting in the matrix of the surface of the seed covering 2mm；Then will plus step 1) be put into for hole tray In in treated nutrition pond；Sabot matrix includes the raw material of following weight parts proportion: turf: vermiculite: perlite=3:1:1； Add the length and width and thick respectively 80cm, 40cm and 5cm for hole tray；Single cave volume is 80ml, and single cave bottom is uniformly distributed 4 directly Diameter is the aperture of 0.4cm；
3) temperature controls: before tobacco emergence, indoor temperature control is at 28 DEG C；After tobacco emergence to 8 true leaves it Before, indoor temperature control is at 25 DEG C；
4) liquid manure controls；It emerges to tobacco to before 5 true leaves, full nutrition fertilizer is applied into nutrition pond, dosage N/H2O= 100mg/Kg；To tobacco seedlings to 5 leaf periods, then apply 1 full nutrition fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；Start to cigarette strain Budding, applies a ternary compound fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；After 5 true leaves to before buddingging, no longer application is multiple Hefei accelerates to be changed from nutrient growth to reproductive growth, if tobacco growing way is too weak, can fit to limit nutrient growth, control plant type When a small amount of ternary compound fertilizer (N/P/K=1/1/2.5) of application；Depending on water control is because of season, proper temperature season can be kept 15cm water layer is reduced with this and adds water workload, temperature lower season, water layer 5cm.
5) reproduction induces: after 8 true leaves, keeping warm equal measures adjustment room temperature to 12 DEG C by divulging information and cancelling, maintains 15 days；
6) dwarf treatment: being the cycocel of 30mg/L in after planting 60 days spraying concentrations；
7) flower and fruit thinning: in bagging or after finishing hybridization, selection retains 5 normotrophic capsules, other buds and capsule Fruit all removes.
Tobacco is cultivated in method disclosed in the present embodiment, emergence rate, the survival rate and growth of obtained tobacco Period is shown in Table two:
Table two
Embodiment three: influence of the verifying temperature to tobacco emergence rate
A kind of tobacco based on water planting adds Dai Fangfa, comprising:
1) processing of nutrition pond: rear spraying insecticide is made real by nutrition bottom of pond portion is smooth, then with a thickness of the black of 0.1mm Color film is laid in pond, and clear water is added into nutrition pond；When temperature is higher than 25 DEG C indoors, 15cm is disposably added water to；Work as room When interior temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, water layer preferably control in 5cm, if discovery water level decreasing, progress moisturizing in time is to originating water level；Nutrition pond Depth is 15cm, length 15m, width 0.85m；
2) it sabot and sows: adjusting the water content of sabot matrix to 35%, be loaded into plus in hole tray, while by tobacco Seed is sowed in sabot matrix, depth of planting 3mm, after planting in the matrix of the surface of the seed covering 2mm；Then will add for cave In nutrition pond that disk is put into step 1) that treated；Sabot matrix includes the raw material of following weight parts proportion: turf: vermiculite: precious Zhu Yan=3:1:1；Add the length and width and thick respectively 80cm, 40cm and 5cm for hole tray；Single cave volume is 80ml, and single cave bottom is equal The aperture that even 4 diameters of distribution are 0.4cm；
3) temperature control: tobacco emergence before, indoor temperature control respectively 20 DEG C, 22 DEG C, 24 DEG C, 25 DEG C, 26 DEG C, 27 DEG C and 28 DEG C；To before 8 true leaves after tobacco emergence, indoor temperature control is at 25 DEG C；
4) liquid manure controls；It emerges to tobacco to before 5 true leaves, full nutrition fertilizer is applied into nutrition pond, dosage N/H2O= 100mg/Kg；To tobacco seedlings to 5 leaf periods, then apply 1 full nutrition fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；Start to cigarette strain Budding, applies a ternary compound fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；After 5 true leaves to before buddingging, no longer application is multiple Hefei accelerates to be changed from nutrient growth to reproductive growth, if tobacco growing way is too weak, can fit to limit nutrient growth, control plant type When a small amount of ternary compound fertilizer (N/P/K=1/1/2.5) of application；Depending on water control is because of season, proper temperature season can be kept 15cm water layer is reduced with this and adds water workload, temperature lower season, water layer 5cm.
5) reproduction induces: after 8 true leaves, keeping warm equal measures adjustment room temperature to 12 DEG C by divulging information and cancelling, maintains 15 days；
6) dwarf treatment: being the cycocel of 30mg/L in after planting 60 days spraying concentrations；
7) flower and fruit thinning: in bagging or after finishing hybridization, selection retains 5 normotrophic capsules, other buds and capsule Fruit all removes.
The emergence rate of the tobacco obtained with the present embodiment is shown in Table three:
Table three
Example IV: influence of the verifying low temperature induction to cigarette strain growing way and breeding cycle
A kind of tobacco based on water planting adds Dai Fangfa, comprising:
1) processing of nutrition pond: rear spraying insecticide is made real by nutrition bottom of pond portion is smooth, then with a thickness of the black of 0.1mm Color film is laid in pond, and clear water is added into nutrition pond；When temperature is higher than 25 DEG C indoors, 15cm is disposably added water to；Work as room When interior temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, water layer preferably control in 5cm, if discovery water level decreasing, progress moisturizing in time is to originating water level；Nutrition pond Depth is 15cm, length 15m, width 0.85m；
2) it sabot and sows: adjusting the water content of sabot matrix to 35%, be loaded into plus in hole tray, while by tobacco Seed is sowed in sabot matrix, depth of planting 3mm, after planting in the matrix of the surface of the seed covering 2mm；Then will add for cave In nutrition pond that disk is put into step 1) that treated；Sabot matrix includes the raw material of following weight parts proportion: turf: vermiculite: precious Zhu Yan=3:1:1；Add the length and width and thick respectively 80cm, 40cm and 5cm for hole tray；Single cave volume is 80ml, and single cave bottom is equal The aperture that even 4 diameters of distribution are 0.4cm；
3) temperature controls: before tobacco emergence, indoor temperature control is at 28 DEG C；After tobacco emergence to 8 true leaves it Before, indoor temperature control is at 25 DEG C；
4) liquid manure controls；It emerges to tobacco to before 5 true leaves, full nutrition fertilizer is applied into nutrition pond, dosage N/H2O= 100mg/Kg；To tobacco seedlings to 5 leaf periods, then apply 1 full nutrition fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；Start to cigarette strain Budding, applies a ternary compound fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；After 5 true leaves to before buddingging, no longer application is multiple Hefei accelerates to be changed from nutrient growth to reproductive growth, if tobacco growing way is too weak, can fit to limit nutrient growth, control plant type When a small amount of ternary compound fertilizer (N/P/K=1/1/2.5) of application；Depending on water control is because of season, proper temperature season can be kept 15cm water layer is reduced with this and adds water workload, temperature lower season, water layer 5cm.
5) reproduction induces: after 8 true leaves, by divulge information and cancel warming equal measures adjust room temperature respectively to 11 DEG C, It 12 DEG C, 13 DEG C and 14 DEG C, maintains 15 days；Meanwhile it being compareed with not carrying out the tobacco of low temperature induction.
6) dwarf treatment: being the cycocel of 30mg/L in after planting 60 days spraying concentrations；
7) flower and fruit thinning: in bagging or after finishing hybridization, selection retains 5 normotrophic capsules, other buds and capsule Fruit all removes.
Tobacco stem height, single plant occupied area, greenhouse utilization rate and the growth cycle obtained with the present embodiment is shown in Table four:
Table four
Embodiment five: influence of the dwarf treatment to tobacco plant height and lodging tolerance
A kind of tobacco based on water planting adds Dai Fangfa, comprising:
1) processing of nutrition pond: rear spraying insecticide is made real by nutrition bottom of pond portion is smooth, then with a thickness of the black of 0.1mm Color film is laid in pond, and clear water is added into nutrition pond；When temperature is higher than 25 DEG C indoors, 15cm is disposably added water to；Work as room When interior temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, water layer preferably control in 5cm, if discovery water level decreasing, progress moisturizing in time is to originating water level；Nutrition pond Depth is 15cm, length 15m, width 0.85m；
2) it sabot and sows: adjusting the water content of sabot matrix to 35%, be loaded into plus in hole tray, while by tobacco Seed is sowed in sabot matrix, depth of planting 3mm, after planting in the matrix of the surface of the seed covering 2mm；Then will add for cave In nutrition pond that disk is put into step 1) that treated；Sabot matrix includes the raw material of following weight parts proportion: turf: vermiculite: precious Zhu Yan=3:1:1；Add the length and width and thick respectively 80cm, 40cm and 5cm for hole tray；Single cave volume is 80ml, and single cave bottom is equal The aperture that even 4 diameters of distribution are 0.4cm；
3) temperature controls: before tobacco emergence, indoor temperature control is at 28 DEG C；After tobacco emergence to 8 true leaves it Before, indoor temperature control is at 25 DEG C；
4) liquid manure controls；It emerges to tobacco to before 5 true leaves, full nutrition fertilizer is applied into nutrition pond, dosage N/H2O= 100mg/Kg；To tobacco seedlings to 5 leaf periods, then apply 1 full nutrition fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；Start to cigarette strain Budding, applies a ternary compound fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；After 5 true leaves to before buddingging, no longer application is multiple Hefei accelerates to be changed from nutrient growth to reproductive growth, if tobacco growing way is too weak, can fit to limit nutrient growth, control plant type When a small amount of ternary compound fertilizer (N/P/K=1/1/2.5) of application；Depending on water control is because of season, proper temperature season can be kept 15cm water layer is reduced with this and adds water workload, temperature lower season, water layer 5cm.
5) reproduction induces: after 8 true leaves, keeping warm equal measures adjustment room temperature to 12 DEG C by divulging information and cancelling, maintains 15 days；
6) dwarf treatment: after planting 60 days spraying concentrations be 25mg/L, 26mg/L, 27mg/L, 28mg/L, 29mg/L and The cycocel of 30mg/L, at the same the tobacco not do dwarf treatment as control；
7) flower and fruit thinning: in bagging or after finishing hybridization, selection retains 5 normotrophic capsules, other buds and capsule Fruit all removes.
The tobacco stem obtained with the present embodiment is high, lodging tolerance is shown in Table five:
Table five
Embodiment six: the influence high to tobacco emergence rate, breeding cycle, stem of verifying depth of planting, temperature:
A kind of tobacco based on water planting adds Dai Fangfa, comprising:
1) processing of nutrition pond: rear spraying insecticide is made real by nutrition bottom of pond portion is smooth, then with a thickness of the black of 0.2mm Color film is laid in pond, and clear water is added into nutrition pond；When temperature is higher than 25 DEG C indoors, 18cm is disposably added water to；Work as room When interior temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, water layer preferably control in 7cm, if discovery water level decreasing, progress moisturizing in time is to originating water level；Nutrition pond Depth is 15cm, length 15m, width 0.85m；
2) it sabot and sows: adjusting the water content of sabot matrix to 35%, be loaded into plus in hole tray, while by tobacco Seed is sowed in sabot matrix, depth of planting 2mm, after planting in the matrix of the surface of the seed covering 1.5mm；Then it will add generation In nutrition pond that hole tray is put into step 1) that treated；Sabot matrix includes the raw material of following weight parts proportion: turf: vermiculite: Perlite=3:1:1；Add the length and width and thick respectively 80cm, 40cm and 5cm for hole tray；Single cave volume is 80ml, single cave bottom It is uniformly distributed the aperture that 4 diameters are 0.4cm；
3) temperature controls: before tobacco emergence, indoor temperature control is at 28 DEG C；After tobacco emergence to 8 true leaves it Before, indoor temperature control is at 15 DEG C；
4) liquid manure controls；It emerges to tobacco to before 5 true leaves, full nutrition fertilizer is applied into nutrition pond, dosage N/H2O= 100mg/Kg；To tobacco seedlings to 5 leaf periods, then apply 1 full nutrition fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；Start to cigarette strain Budding, applies a ternary compound fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；After 5 true leaves to before buddingging, no longer application is multiple Hefei accelerates to be changed from nutrient growth to reproductive growth, if tobacco growing way is too weak, can fit to limit nutrient growth, control plant type When a small amount of ternary compound fertilizer (N/P/K=1/1/2.5) of application；Depending on water control is because of season, proper temperature season can be kept 15cm water layer is reduced with this and adds water workload, temperature lower season, water layer 5cm.
5) reproduction induces: after 8 true leaves, keeping warm equal measures adjustment room temperature to 12 DEG C by divulging information and cancelling, maintains 10 days；
6) dwarf treatment: being the cycocel of 30mg/L in after planting 60 days spraying concentrations；
7) flower and fruit thinning: in bagging or after finishing hybridization, selection retains 4 normotrophic capsules, other buds and capsule Fruit all removes.
Embodiment seven: the influence high to tobacco emergence rate, breeding cycle, stem of verifying depth of planting, temperature:
A kind of tobacco based on water planting adds Dai Fangfa, comprising:
1) processing of nutrition pond: rear spraying insecticide is made real by nutrition bottom of pond portion is smooth, then with a thickness of the black of 0.3mm Color film is laid in pond, and clear water is added into nutrition pond；When temperature is higher than 25 DEG C indoors, 20cm is disposably added water to；Work as room When interior temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, water layer preferably control in 8cm, if discovery water level decreasing, progress moisturizing in time is to originating water level；Nutrition pond Depth is 15cm, length 15m, width 0.85m；
2) it sabot and sows: adjusting the water content of sabot matrix to 35%, be loaded into plus in hole tray, while by tobacco Seed is sowed in sabot matrix, depth of planting 2.8mm, after planting in the matrix of the surface of the seed covering 1mm；Then it will add generation In nutrition pond that hole tray is put into step 1) that treated；Sabot matrix includes the raw material of following weight parts proportion: turf: vermiculite: Perlite=3:1:1；Add the length and width and thick respectively 80cm, 40cm and 5cm for hole tray；Single cave volume is 80ml, single cave bottom It is uniformly distributed the aperture that 4 diameters are 0.4cm；
3) temperature controls: before tobacco emergence, indoor temperature control is at 28 DEG C；After tobacco emergence to 8 true leaves it Before, indoor temperature control is at 35 DEG C；
4) liquid manure controls；It emerges to tobacco to before 5 true leaves, full nutrition fertilizer is applied into nutrition pond, dosage N/H2O= 100mg/Kg；To tobacco seedlings to 5 leaf periods, then apply 1 full nutrition fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；Start to cigarette strain Budding, applies a ternary compound fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；After 5 true leaves to before buddingging, no longer application is multiple Hefei accelerates to be changed from nutrient growth to reproductive growth, if tobacco growing way is too weak, can fit to limit nutrient growth, control plant type When a small amount of ternary compound fertilizer (N/P/K=1/1/2.5) of application；Depending on water control is because of season, proper temperature season can be kept 15cm water layer is reduced with this and adds water workload, temperature lower season, water layer 5cm.
5) reproduction induces: after 8 true leaves, keeping warm equal measures adjustment room temperature to 12 DEG C by divulging information and cancelling, maintains 20 days；
6) dwarf treatment: being the cycocel of 30mg/L in after planting 60 days spraying concentrations；
7) flower and fruit thinning: in bagging or after finishing hybridization, selection retains 6 normotrophic capsules, other buds and capsule Fruit all removes.
The comparison of the effect of embodiment six and embodiment seven is shown in Table six
Table six
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment For, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is said referring to method part It is bright.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one The widest scope of cause.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of tobacco based on water planting adds Dai Fangfa characterized by comprising
1) processing of nutrition pond: making real rear spraying insecticide for nutrition bottom of pond portion is smooth, be then laid in pond with black thin film, to Clear water is added in nutrition pond；
2) it sabot and sows: adjusting the water content of sabot matrix to 30%-35%, and be loaded into plus in hole tray, by tobacco Seed is sowed in the sabot matrix, depth of planting 2-3mm, after planting in the matrix of the surface of the seed covering 1-2mm；Then Will plus in the hole tray nutrition pond that is put into the step 1) that treated；
3) temperature controls: before tobacco emergence, the control of indoor temperature at 25-28 DEG C, after tobacco emergence to 8 true leaves it Before, indoor temperature control is at 15-35 DEG C；
4) fertilizer controls；
5) reproduction induces: after 8 true leaves of tobacco seedling, adjusting room temperature to 11-14 DEG C, maintains 10-20 days；Or, true at 8 Ye Hou, adjustment photoperiod are day night=8/16, are maintained 15-20 days；
6) dwarf treatment: being the cycocel of 25-35mg/L in after planting 60 days spraying concentrations；
7) flower and fruit thinning: in bagging or after finishing hybridization, selection retains 4-6 normotrophic capsules, other buds and capsule All remove.
2. a kind of tobacco based on water planting according to claim 1 adds Dai Fangfa, which is characterized in that the nutrition tank depth For 10-15cm, length 10-15m, width 0.7-0.9m.
3. a kind of tobacco based on water planting according to claim 2 adds Dai Fangfa, which is characterized in that the sabot matrix packet Include the raw material of following weight parts proportion: turf: vermiculite: perlite=3:1:1.
4. a kind of tobacco based on water planting according to claim 3 adds Dai Fangfa, which is characterized in that described to add for hole tray Length and width and thick respectively 80cm, 40cm and 5cm；Single cave volume is 80ml, and the single cave bottom is uniformly distributed 4 diameters and is The aperture of 0.4cm.
5. a kind of tobacco based on water planting according to claim 4 adds Dai Fangfa, which is characterized in that in the step 4) Fertilizer control includes: to emerge to tobacco to before 5 true leaves, and full nutrition fertilizer is applied nutrition pond, dosage N/H2O=100mg/ Kg；To tobacco seedlings to 5-7 piece leaf period, then apply 1 full nutrition fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg；Start to cigarette strain existing Flower bud applies a ternary compound fertilizer, dosage are as follows: N/H2O=50mg/Kg.
6. a kind of tobacco based on water planting according to claim 5 adds Dai Fangfa, which is characterized in that battalion in the step 1) Support the clear water amount in pond are as follows: when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C indoors, disposably add water to 15-20cm；When room temperature is lower than 25 DEG C When, water layer is preferably controlled in 5-8cm.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102150540A (en) * 2010-12-16 2011-08-17 宜昌市科力生实业有限公司 Tobacco plug seedling method by combining artificial light with natural light
CN203424098U (en) * 2013-08-14 2014-02-12 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 Floating plate for plant hydroponics
CN106665306A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-05-17 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) Winter tobacco indoor generation adding breeding method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102150540A (en) * 2010-12-16 2011-08-17 宜昌市科力生实业有限公司 Tobacco plug seedling method by combining artificial light with natural light
CN203424098U (en) * 2013-08-14 2014-02-12 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 Floating plate for plant hydroponics
CN106665306A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-05-17 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) Winter tobacco indoor generation adding breeding method

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