CN109575925A - A kind of preparation method and application of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method and application of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator Download PDFInfo
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- CN109575925A CN109575925A CN201811479033.3A CN201811479033A CN109575925A CN 109575925 A CN109575925 A CN 109575925A CN 201811479033 A CN201811479033 A CN 201811479033A CN 109575925 A CN109575925 A CN 109575925A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses the preparation methods and application of a kind of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator, belong to farmland soil heavy metals pollution amelioration and administer field.The primary raw material of the passivator is medical stone, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate etc., wherein medical stone, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate mass ratio be 1:0.1~0.15:0.3~0.35.Specific preparation process are as follows: 1) first medical stone powder, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate according to the ratio are mixed, stirred evenly, 1~1.5h is heat-treated under the conditions of 700 DEG C~750 DEG C, cooling grinding after taking-up；2) aqueous solution is added according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:50 in passivator, adjusts pH to 7~8 with 0.5mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid, is ground after drying, multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate heavy metal deactivator is prepared.Multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate heavy metal deactivator available silicon content of the present invention is up to 30%~35.00%, can supplement soil silicon source and adsorb passivation soil heavy metal cadmium, reduces Phyto-availability cadmium content.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for administering the passivator technical field of cadmium pollution soil, can reduce more particularly to a kind of
The silicate passivator and its application method of acid soil cadmium bio-available Zn concentration and promotion plant growth and application.
Background technique
Cadmium (Cd) is one of state key monitoring and five kinds of heavy metal pollution of soil objects of discharge, has stronger biology poison
Property, the irreversible and characteristic that cannot be degraded.Investigation display, China is up to 10,000,000 ha by cadmium pollution soil area.Cadmium is main
It the approach such as largely uses to enter soil by metal smelt, sewage irrigation and fertilizer and pesticide, is not only resulted in agricultural land soil
Soil fertility decline and crop failure also in vivo by the enrichment of food chain approach constitute a serious threat to human health.
Chemical passivation method is a kind of common heavy metal pollution of soil Treatment process, and this method to soil mainly by adding
Suitable passivator makes it that the series reactions such as absorption, precipitating, complexing, ion exchange occur between heavy metal ion, changes weight
The occurrence patterns of metal in the soil reduce Metal uptake and toxic effect, have it is easy to operate, it is at low cost, be suitable for big rule
The characteristics of mould is applied.
Common passivator has phosphate, carbonate, silicate etc., and silicate passivator has source compared with the above two
Extensively, not the advantages that not changing soil physico-chemical property and not introducing secondary pollution.Siliceous fertilizer and clay mineral are that common silicate is blunt
Agent, siliceous fertilizer such as Slag fertilizer, blast furnace slag siliceous fertilizer etc. have effective silicon of high level, not only for being passivated heavy metal-polluted soil but also
Content of Available Silicon in Soils under Ph can be increased, have many advantages, such as molten Chinese holly, sustained release, promote plant growth, but lacked due to existing in configuration aspects
It falls into, absorption property and ion-exchange capacity are affected, and the application on Cd-polluted farmland is restricted.Clay mineral is more
It is administered for heavy metal pollution of soil, is present in containing element silicon with stable form and is difficult to be absorbed and utilized by plant in mineral,
It has a single function, a large amount of silicon are not fully used.According to investigations, the arable land of China about 60%, which belongs to, lacks tripoli earth, and the Yangtze river basin is more than
70% soil lacks silicon, and Huanghuai Area and about 50% soil of Liaodong Peninsula lack silicon, and lacks silicon soil erosion at present and increase year by year.
According to the status of China's farmland soil heavy metals pollution and scarce silicon, heavy metal pollution of soil reparation and crops are increased
Production combines, and exploitation has absorption, precipitating and biological inhibition function to heavy metal-polluted soil and is conducive to more function of crop growth
Energy silicate soil heavy metal passivant is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method and application of a kind of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator, raw material comes
Source is wide, preparation process is simple, amount of application is few, has absorption, precipitating and biological inhibition function to heavy metal-polluted soil, is conducive to farming
Object growth can effectively solve the technical problem that China's soil lacks silicon and cadmium pollution.
And its application in passivation Cd-polluted farmland soil,
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention uses technical solution as described below:
A kind of preparation method and application of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator, its original of the multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate passivator
Expect that component includes medical stone, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, three's mass ratio is 1:(0.1~0.15): (0.3~0.35).
The preparation method of above-mentioned multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate passivator, comprising the following steps:
1) first by medical stone powder, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate according to mass ratio be 1:(0.1~0.15): (0.3~0.35)
It is mixed, is stirred evenly, 1~1.5h is heat-treated under the conditions of 700 DEG C~750 DEG C, cooling grinding after taking-up；
2) by passivator according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:50 be added aqueous solution, with 0.5mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid adjust pH to 7~8,70 DEG C
It is ground after being dried under the conditions of~80 DEG C, multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate heavy metal deactivator is made.
The preparation method of above-mentioned multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate passivator, in step 1), the medical stone powder is Maifanitum powder,
Tongliao, Inner Mongolia city is originated from, particle size is less than 0.1mm；In multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate passivator available silicon content be 30.0%~
35.0%.
The application method of above-mentioned multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate passivator regard multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate passivator as base manure before planting
Contaminated soil is applied, applied amount is 3~5g/kg contaminated soil, passivator is imposed when vegetable crop nursery grows 5~10cm,
Applied amount is 1g/kg contaminated soil.
The application method of above-mentioned multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate passivator, the contaminated soil are the mild or moderate cadmium pollution agriculture of slant acidity
Field soil, available Cd concentration is 3~5mg/kg in the agricultural land soil, and soil pH value is 5.5~6.0.
The application of above-mentioned multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator is to be applied to the multifunction soil heavy metal deactivator partially
In acid mild or moderate Cd-polluted farmland soil；Available Cd concentration is 3~5mg/kg, soil in the agricultural land soil
PH value is 5.5~6.0, and soil pH value is 5.90~6.97 after reparation, and compared with the control, effective cadmium content of soil drops after reparation
Low 16.63%~31.20%.
Multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator of the invention is had the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1) present invention be used for agricultural land soil cadmium pollution multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate passivator, raw material sources extensively, economical and efficient,
It is pollution-free and acid soil can be improved, it is a kind of environmentally friendly silicate passivator；
2) present invention has higher available silicon content, siliceous fertilizer and passivator can be replaced simultaneously to apply contaminated soil, promote to make
Object increases production and can be passivated heavy metal-polluted soil, reduces application cost；
3) present invention uses natural minerals for raw material, and element silicon utilization rate is high, and preparation process is simple, and application is convenient, has
The features such as being sustained, is efficient is suitable for large-scale promotion application.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, it below by specific preferred embodiment combination effete test embodiment content, further explains
The present invention is stated, but the contents of the present invention are not limited solely to following example.
The invention discloses the preparation method and application of a kind of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator, the masters of the passivator
Want raw material be medical stone, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, wherein medical stone, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate mass ratio be 1:(0.1
~0.15): (0.3~0.35).
In the present invention, medical stone is Maifanitum, originates from Tongliao, Inner Mongolia city, and particle size is less than 0.1mm, hydrogen used
Sodium oxide molybdena, sodium carbonate are technical pure, do not include the crystallization water.
The available silicon content of Cadmium in Soil matal deactivator of the present invention is up to 30.0%~35.0%, can supplement Soil Silica
Passivation soil heavy metal cadmium is simultaneously adsorbed in source, reduces Phyto-availability cadmium content；Effective silicon not only can increase after being absorbed by plants
Biomass, the absorptivity that can also promote the hormones such as plant secretion antioxidase to reduce plant pair heavy metal and heavy metal are in plant
Interior Transport And Transformation rate alleviates the toxic action of heavy metal on plants body.
The present invention can be used for administering the slant acidity agricultural land soil that cadmium pollution is mild or moderate, have Recipe simple, economical
Efficiently, without secondary pollution, the features such as facilitating is applied, large-scale promotion application is suitable for.
Following percentage composition is mass percentage.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator, using following processing step:
1) first by medical stone powder, (partial size is 1:0.1:0.3 according to weight ratio less than 0.1mm), sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate
It is mixed, is stirred evenly, be heat-treated 1h under the conditions of 700 DEG C, cooling grinding after taking-up；
2) by passivator according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:50 be added aqueous solution, with 0.5mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid adjust pH to 7~8,70 DEG C
It is ground after being dried under the conditions of~80 DEG C, multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate heavy metal deactivator is prepared.The multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate passivator
Middle available silicon content is 30.0%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator, using following processing step:
1) by medical stone powder (partial size be less than 0.1mm), sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate according to weight ratio it is first 1:0.15:
0.35 is mixed, and is stirred evenly, and is heat-treated 1.5h under the conditions of 750 DEG C, cooling grinding after taking-up；
2) by passivator according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:50 be added aqueous solution, with 0.5mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid adjust pH to 7~8,70 DEG C
It is ground after being dried under the conditions of~80 DEG C, multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate heavy metal deactivator is prepared.The multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate passivator
Middle available silicon content is 35.0% or so.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator, using following processing step:
1) by medical stone powder (partial size be less than 0.1mm), sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate according to weight ratio it is first 1:0.12:
0.32 is mixed, and is stirred evenly, and is heat-treated 1.2h under the conditions of 730 DEG C, cooling grinding after taking-up；
2) by passivator according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:50 be added aqueous solution, with 0.5mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid adjust pH to 7~8,70 DEG C
It is ground after being dried under the conditions of~80 DEG C, multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate heavy metal deactivator is prepared.The multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate passivator
Middle available silicon content is 33.0% or so.
The following are the contents of effete test embodiment.
Effete test embodiment 1
Picking up from Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Cen Cun, nearby certain vegetable plot topsoil (0~25cm), natural air drying go to clean
It is spare to cross 2mm sieve for object after grinding.
Soil pH value is 5.71 (water: soil=2.5:1), content of organic matter 13.2g/kg-1, full nitrogen 0.78g/kg-1, effectively
Phosphorus 39.0mg/kg-1, available potassium 127mg/kg-1, full cadmium content is 0.25mg/kg-1。
By adding Cd (NO3)2·4H2O solution makes soil cadmium concentration to 3mgkg-1, stir evenly, after soil air-dries
It is sub-packed in the flowerpot that specification is 300*140*120mm, stirs evenly according to the ratio of 5kg/ basin, add a water every three days,
Keeping water content is the 70% of maxmun field capacity, and then natural conditions transfer use of purchasing.
After cadmium pollution soil prepares, adding multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate passivator applied amount respectively to experimental group at the tenth day is
3 g/kg contaminated soils, additional passivator 1g/kg contaminated soil after emergence (using black leaf pakchoi) 15 days.Test work setting 5
Group Duplicate Samples, plantation gathered in pakchoi after 35 days, to be measured after cleaning.
It is as shown in table 1 below by testing the growth parameter(s) of pakchoi and the reparation situation of soil:
1 example effects of table, 1 result
From the result of above-mentioned table 1: the available state of soil Cd can be reduced to 64.21% by 93.3% after processing, drop
Low amplitude reaches as high as 31.20%.In addition, every plant of average weight gain of pakchoi reaches as high as 107.37%；Pakchoi Cd content is (fresh
Content can be reduced to 0.03mg/kg by 0.09mg/kg when being not added with again), and reduction amplitude is small after processing up to 64.29%
Chinese cabbage aerial part Cd content has reached national food safety standard (GB2762-2012).
Effete test embodiment 2
Choosing certain smeltery, nearby soil is used as experiment soil, after measured total cadmium content about 5mg/kg in soil-1, available state
Ratio is 35%, is sub-packed in the flowerpot that specification is 300*140*120mm after soil air-dries according to the ratio of 5kg/ basin, stirring
Uniformly, a water is added every three days, and keeping water content is the 70% of maxmun field capacity, and then natural conditions decentralization is purchased
With.Adding multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate passivator applied amount respectively to experimental group at the tenth day is 5g/kg contaminated soil, and emergence (uses
Black leaf pakchoi) additional passivator 1g/kg contaminated soil after 15 days.It tests work and 5 groups of Duplicate Samples is set, plantation is gathered in small after 35 days
Chinese cabbage, it is to be measured after cleaning.
2 example effects of table, 2 result
As can be seen from Table 2, the available state of soil Cd reduces that amplitude is minimum reaches 16.64% after processing, and pakchoi is every
Strain average weight gain minimum 77.80%；Pakchoi Cd content (fresh weight) content can be reduced to by 0.09mg/kg when being not added with
0.05mg/kg reduces amplitude minimum 12.57%, and pakchoi aerial part Cd content has reached food safety state after processing
Family's standard (GB2762-2012).
By the comparison of effete test embodiment 1 and effete test embodiment 2 to as directed, multifunction soil passivator of the invention is
Using medical stone as raw material, by add activator prepare high available silicon content multifunction soil heavy metal deactivator, it can be achieved that
It is passivated heavy metal-polluted soil and promotes the double effects of plant growth.
Mobyneb silicate passivator of the invention, preparation process is simple, and raw material sources are extensive and do not introduce secondary
The purpose, it can be achieved that high-efficiency and economic is polluted, provides the experience that can reflect for the development of soil heavy metal passivant.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention in any form, therefore
Without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention any simply to repair
Change, equivalent variations and modification, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator, which is characterized in that the multifunction soil heavy metal deactivator, raw material
Include component: medical stone, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, three's mass ratio are 1:(0.1~0.15): (0.3~0.35).
2. the preparation method of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
1) first by medical stone powder, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate according to mass ratio be 1:(0.1~0.15): (0.3~0.35) carry out
Mixing, stirs evenly, and 1~1.5h is heat-treated under the conditions of 700 DEG C~750 DEG C, cooling grinding after taking-up；
2) by clinker according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:50 be added aqueous solution, with 0.5mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid adjust pH to 7~8,70 DEG C~80 DEG C
Under the conditions of dry after grind, be made multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate heavy metal deactivator.
3. the preparation method of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step 1)
In, the medical stone powder is Maifanitum powder, originates from Tongliao, Inner Mongolia city, and particle size is less than 0.1mm；Multifunctional silicone hydrochlorate
Available silicon content is 30.0%~35.0% in passivator.
4. the preparation method of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: by multifunctional silicone
Hydrochlorate passivator is used as base manure to apply contaminated soil before planting, and applied amount is 3~5g/kg contaminated soil, to vegetable crop seedling
Garden imposes the passivating agent products of 1g/kg contaminated soil when growing 5~10cm.
5. the preparation method of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
The contaminated soil is the mild or moderate Cd-polluted farmland soil of slant acidity, and available Cd concentration is 3 in the agricultural land soil
~5mg/kg, soil pH value are 5.5~6.0.
6. the preparation method of multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the reparation
Soil pH value is 5.90~6.97 afterwards, and compared with the control, effective cadmium content of soil reduces by 16.63%~31.20% after reparation.
7. a kind of application of such as multifunction soil cadmium metal passivator of any of claims 1-6, it is characterised in that:
The multifunction soil heavy metal deactivator is applied in the mild or moderate Cd-polluted farmland soil of slant acidity；The agriculture
Field soil available Cd concentration be 3~5mg/kg, soil pH value be 5.5~6.0, after reparation soil pH value be 5.90~
6.97, compared with the control, effective cadmium content of soil reduces by 16.63%~31.20% after reparation.
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| CN111704905A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-25 | 韶关学院 | Soil remediation agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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