CN111909707A - Heavy metal restoration agent formula for soil restoration and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heavy metal restoration agent formula for soil restoration and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111909707A CN111909707A CN202010870138.2A CN202010870138A CN111909707A CN 111909707 A CN111909707 A CN 111909707A CN 202010870138 A CN202010870138 A CN 202010870138A CN 111909707 A CN111909707 A CN 111909707A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heavy metal restoration agent formula for soil restoration, which comprises the following raw materials: the sunflower discs without seeds, the branches and leaves of switchgrass, kaolin, calcium carbonate, organic fertilizer, wetland pine needle leaves, polyaluminium chloride, polyaluminium ferric chloride, bacterial strains and water with proper amount. The preparation method of the heavy metal restoration agent for soil restoration, disclosed by the invention, is convenient to operate, environment-friendly and harmless, and the prepared heavy metal restoration agent is low in cost, obvious in effect and suitable for wide popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a formula of a heavy metal remediation agent for soil remediation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The heavy metal cadmium and the compound thereof have certain toxicity and are a pollution source causing pollution and public nuisance events of Japanese pain diseases. In 2013, in 2 months, an article of 'Hunan problem rice flowing to Guangdong dining table' is published in the southern journal, and the farmland soil is polluted by heavy metal cadmium to attract wide attention. According to the national soil pollution survey bulletin, cadmium pollution is the first in 8 heavy metal pollutants of cadmium, mercury, arsenic, copper, lead, chromium, zinc and nickel, and the exceeding rate of the point position reaches 7%. Cadmium is the primary pollutant in cultivated land, cadmium pollution mainly exists in mining areas, sewage irrigation areas and suburban agricultural lands, and generally, the south pollution is heavier than the north pollution. The pollution irrigation farmland in China is expanded to 1.4 x 107hm2, wherein the cadmium polluted farmland is 1.3 x 104hm2, which relates to 25 areas in 11 provinces and cities, and cadmium rice (brown rice with cadmium content over 1 mg/kg) is produced by 5.0 x 107kg (Malayu cloud, 2013) every year. Pollutants of receptors such as water, air and the like can be transferred to soil successively, and in view of the current situation of heavy metal pollution of soil in China and the current situation of shortage of per capita cultivated land resources in China, remediation of heavy metal pollution of soil is carried out, and food safety and human health are guaranteed.
Methods for soil heavy metal remediation can be divided into three categories: the physical method comprises a deep ploughing method, a soil-visiting method and the like, the chemical method comprises a leaching method, a passivation method and the like, the biological method comprises a plant restoration method and a microorganism restoration method, the existing restoration technology for the heavy metal contaminated soil mainly adopts a chemical method, however, a large amount of chemical agents used in the restoration process are easy to cause soil recontamination, the biochar has good adsorption performance and stable chemical properties, can reduce the bioavailability of heavy metals in the soil and simultaneously can improve the crop yield, and the raw materials are wide and low in cost, so that the biochar has obvious advantages and application values in the treatment of the heavy metal contaminated soil, and therefore, the formula and the preparation method of the heavy metal restoration agent for soil restoration are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a formula and a preparation method of a heavy metal restoration agent for soil restoration, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a heavy metal restoration agent formula for soil restoration comprises the following raw materials: the sunflower seeds are removed, switchgrass branches and leaves, kaolin, calcium carbonate, organic fertilizer, wetland pine needle leaves, polyaluminium chloride, polyaluminium ferric chloride, strains and a proper amount of water.
Preferably, the sunflower disc with seeds removed is 82-86 parts, the branch and leaf of switchgrass is 36-40 parts, kaolin is 20-24 parts, calcium carbonate is 2-4 parts, organic fertilizer is 30-36 parts, pine needle leaf of wetland is 24-30 parts, polyaluminium chloride is 6-10 parts, polyaluminium ferric chloride is 12-16 parts, bacterial strain is 8-12 parts, and a proper amount of water is calculated according to the parts by weight.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is at least two of grass peat, wheat bran, rice chaff and bean cake powder, and the organic fertilizer comprises, by weight, 14-20 parts of grass peat, 14-24 parts of wheat bran, 16-20 parts of rice chaff and 12-14 parts of bean cake powder.
Preferably, the heavy metal repairing agent is spherical particles and is uniform in size.
Preferably, the strain is at least one of a strain added in lead biological organic soil remediation, a strain added in mercury biological organic soil remediation, a strain added in cadmium biological organic soil remediation, a strain added in chromium biological organic soil remediation and a strain added in arsenic biological organic soil remediation, wherein the strain added in lead biological organic soil remediation comprises one or more of pseudomonas, klebsiella, bacillus pumilus and white rot fungi; the added strains in the mercury biological organic soil remediation comprise one or more of pseudomonas and bacillus cereus; the added strains in the cadmium biological organic soil remediation comprise one or more of pseudomonas, klebsiella, bacillus pumilus and white rot fungi; the strains added in the chromium biological organic soil remediation comprise pseudomonas, bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis and bacillus cloacae; one or more of pseudomonas, penicillium oxalicum and bordetella sp.
The preparation method of the heavy metal restoration agent formula for soil restoration comprises the following steps:
step one, drying a seed-removed sunflower disc and switchgrass branches and leaves in the sun and underground, crushing, mixing, placing in an oven, drying at 50-60 ℃ for 12-15 hours, placing obtained crushed slag in a closed furnace, heating to 650 plus material at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 60-90 minutes, and then taking out when cooling to 50-70 ℃ to obtain charcoal;
step two, mixing kaolin and calcium carbonate, then placing the mixture into a calcining furnace, calcining the mixture for 50 to 60 minutes at the temperature of 650-700 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature, and then taking the mixture out to obtain calcined powder for later use;
step three, mixing the biochar obtained in the step one and the calcined powder obtained in the step two, paving the mixture at a position 55-65mm under a low-pressure mercury gas lamp with a peak value of 253.7nm, irradiating for 12-18 hours, and taking out to obtain modified biochar for later use;
step four: mixing organic fertilizers, putting into a fermentation tank, fermenting for 3-4 weeks, continuously adding water during the fermentation period to keep the water content of a fermentation stack at 55-65%, and squeezing and filtering the fermented materials after the fermentation is finished to obtain fermented solid residues and fermented liquid;
step five, mixing the pine needles of the wetland with water according to the weight ratio of 1: 2, pulping after mixing, filtering with gauze to obtain pulp, mixing the pulp with the fermentation liquor obtained in the step four, adding polyaluminium chloride and polyaluminium ferric chloride, uniformly stirring, heating to 50-60 ℃, and then preserving heat until the liquid is evaporated to dryness to obtain powder for later use.
And step six, mixing the modified biochar obtained in the step three, the fermented solid residue obtained in the step four, the powder obtained in the step five and the rest materials, putting the mixture into a granulator, and preparing spherical particles to obtain the heavy metal repairing agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, through the addition of organic fertilizers such as grass peat, wheat bran, rice chaff and bean cake powder, a large amount of organic matters and nutrient components can be supplied to the polluted soil, the potential fertility of the polluted soil is improved, and the organic fertilizers are all cheap byproducts, so that the cost is low, and the production cost of the heavy metal repairing agent is reduced;
2. according to the invention, the buffering performance of soil is improved by the kaolin matched with the modified calcination of calcium carbonate, the kaolin has a loosening effect on the soil, the water storage capacity of the kaolin is improved, and the kaolin is suitable for planting and greening;
3. the preparation method disclosed by the invention is convenient to operate, environment-friendly and harmless, and the prepared heavy metal restoration agent is low in cost and obvious in effect, improves the activity of heavy metals in soil and the effectiveness of plants while improving the potential fertility of the polluted soil, greatly increases the utilization value of the soil, and is suitable for wide popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a preparation flow chart of a heavy metal restoration agent formula for soil restoration.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, a heavy metal restoration agent formula for soil restoration comprises the following raw materials: the sunflower seeds are removed, switchgrass branches and leaves, kaolin, calcium carbonate, organic fertilizer, wetland pine needle leaves, polyaluminium chloride, polyaluminium ferric chloride, strains and a proper amount of water.
In the embodiment, the weight portions of the sunflower discs without seeds are 82 to 86 portions, the branches and leaves of switchgrass are 36 to 40 portions, the kaolin is 20 to 24 portions, the calcium carbonate is 2 to 4 portions, the organic fertilizer is 30 to 36 portions, the pine needles of wetland are 24 to 30 portions, the polyaluminium chloride is 6 to 10 portions, the polyaluminium ferric chloride is 12 to 16 portions, the bacterial strain is 8 to 12 portions, and the water is proper.
In the embodiment, the organic fertilizer is at least two of grass peat, wheat bran, rice chaff and bean cake powder, and the organic fertilizer comprises, by weight, 14-20 parts of grass peat, 14-24 parts of wheat bran, 16-20 parts of rice chaff and 12-14 parts of bean cake powder.
In this embodiment, the heavy metal repairing agent is spherical particles with uniform size.
In this embodiment, the bacterial strain is at least one of a bacterial strain added in lead bio-organic soil remediation, a bacterial strain added in mercury bio-organic soil remediation, a bacterial strain added in cadmium bio-organic soil remediation, a bacterial strain added in chromium bio-organic soil remediation, and a bacterial strain added in arsenic bio-organic soil remediation.
In this embodiment, a preparation method of a heavy metal restoration agent formula for soil restoration includes the following steps:
step one, drying a seed-removed sunflower disc and switchgrass branches and leaves in the sun and underground, crushing, mixing, placing in an oven, drying at 50-60 ℃ for 12-15 hours, placing obtained crushed slag in a closed furnace, heating to 650 plus material at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 60-90 minutes, and then taking out when cooling to 50-70 ℃ to obtain charcoal;
step two, mixing kaolin and calcium carbonate, then placing the mixture into a calcining furnace, calcining the mixture for 50 to 60 minutes at the temperature of 650-700 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature, and then taking the mixture out to obtain calcined powder for later use;
step three, mixing the biochar obtained in the step one and the calcined powder obtained in the step two, paving the mixture at a position 55-65mm under a low-pressure mercury gas lamp with a peak value of 253.7nm, irradiating for 12-18 hours, and taking out to obtain modified biochar for later use;
step four: mixing organic fertilizers, putting into a fermentation tank, fermenting for 3-4 weeks, continuously adding water during the fermentation period to keep the water content of a fermentation stack at 55-65%, and squeezing and filtering the fermented materials after the fermentation is finished to obtain fermented solid residues and fermented liquid;
step five, mixing the pine needles of the wetland with water according to the weight ratio of 1: 2, pulping after mixing, filtering with gauze to obtain pulp, mixing the pulp with the fermentation liquor obtained in the step four, adding polyaluminium chloride and polyaluminium ferric chloride, uniformly stirring, heating to 50-60 ℃, and then preserving heat until the liquid is evaporated to dryness to obtain powder for later use.
And step six, mixing the modified biochar obtained in the step three, the fermented solid residue obtained in the step four, the powder obtained in the step five and the rest materials, putting the mixture into a granulator, and preparing spherical particles to obtain the heavy metal repairing agent.
The formula of the heavy metal restoration agent for soil restoration can supply a large amount of organic matters and nutrient components to polluted soil, improve the potential fertility of the polluted soil, effectively reduce the production cost of the heavy metal restoration agent, effectively adsorb and fix free heavy metal ions in the soil, improve the activity and plant effectiveness of heavy metals in the soil, and greatly increase the utilization value of the soil.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A formula of a heavy metal restoration agent for soil restoration is characterized in that: the method comprises the following raw materials: the sunflower seeds are removed, switchgrass branches and leaves, kaolin, calcium carbonate, organic fertilizer, wetland pine needle leaves, polyaluminium chloride, polyaluminium ferric chloride, strains and a proper amount of water.
2. The heavy metal restoration agent formula for soil restoration according to claim 1, wherein the formula comprises: 82-86 parts of seedless sunflower discs, 36-40 parts of switchgrass branches and leaves, 20-24 parts of kaolin, 2-4 parts of calcium carbonate, 30-36 parts of organic fertilizer, 24-30 parts of wetland pine needle leaves, 6-10 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 12-16 parts of polyaluminium ferric chloride, 8-12 parts of strains and a proper amount of water.
3. The heavy metal restoration agent formula for soil restoration according to claim 1, wherein the formula comprises: the organic fertilizer is at least two of grass peat, wheat bran, rice chaff and bean cake powder, and the organic fertilizer comprises, by weight, 14-20 parts of grass peat, 14-24 parts of wheat bran, 16-20 parts of rice chaff and 12-14 parts of bean cake powder.
4. The heavy metal restoration agent formula for soil restoration according to claim 1, wherein the formula comprises: the heavy metal repairing agent is spherical particles and is uniform in size.
5. The heavy metal restoration agent formula for soil restoration according to claim 1, wherein the formula comprises: the strain is at least one of a strain added in lead bio-organic type soil remediation, a strain added in mercury bio-organic type soil remediation, a strain added in cadmium bio-organic type soil remediation, a strain added in chromium bio-organic type soil remediation and a strain added in arsenic bio-organic type soil remediation.
6. The method for preparing the heavy metal restoration agent formula for soil restoration according to the claims 1-5, wherein the formula comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, drying a seed-removed sunflower disc and switchgrass branches and leaves in the sun and underground, crushing, mixing, placing in an oven, drying at 50-60 ℃ for 12-15 hours, placing obtained crushed slag in a closed furnace, heating to 650 plus material at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 60-90 minutes, and then taking out when cooling to 50-70 ℃ to obtain charcoal;
step two, mixing kaolin and calcium carbonate, then placing the mixture into a calcining furnace, calcining the mixture for 50 to 60 minutes at the temperature of 650-700 ℃, cooling the mixture to room temperature, and then taking the mixture out to obtain calcined powder for later use;
step three, mixing the biochar obtained in the step one and the calcined powder obtained in the step two, paving the mixture at a position 55-65mm under a low-pressure mercury gas lamp with a peak value of 253.7nm, irradiating for 12-18 hours, and taking out to obtain modified biochar for later use;
step four: mixing organic fertilizers, putting into a fermentation tank, fermenting for 3-4 weeks, continuously adding water during the fermentation period to keep the water content of a fermentation stack at 55-65%, and squeezing and filtering the fermented materials after the fermentation is finished to obtain fermented solid residues and fermented liquid;
step five, mixing the pine needles of the wetland with water according to the weight ratio of 1: 2, pulping after mixing, filtering with gauze to obtain pulp, mixing the pulp with the fermentation liquor obtained in the step four, adding polyaluminium chloride and polyaluminium ferric chloride, uniformly stirring, heating to 50-60 ℃, and then preserving heat until the liquid is evaporated to dryness to obtain powder for later use.
And step six, mixing the modified biochar obtained in the step three, the fermented solid residue obtained in the step four, the powder obtained in the step five and the rest materials, putting the mixture into a granulator, and preparing spherical particles to obtain the heavy metal repairing agent.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113582312A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-02 | 中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Excess sludge modified inorganic-organic composite flocculant and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113652238A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-11-16 | 湖南农业大学 | Repairing agent for synchronously passivating cadmium and arsenic in polluted soil and application thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104560049A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-04-29 | 湖南神隆超级稻丰产工程有限公司 | Soil heavy metal repairing agent |
| CN105969384A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-09-28 | 凤阳徽亨商贸有限公司 | Heavy metal contaminated soil restoration agent for wheat fields |
-
2020
- 2020-08-26 CN CN202010870138.2A patent/CN111909707A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104560049A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-04-29 | 湖南神隆超级稻丰产工程有限公司 | Soil heavy metal repairing agent |
| CN105969384A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-09-28 | 凤阳徽亨商贸有限公司 | Heavy metal contaminated soil restoration agent for wheat fields |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113652238A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-11-16 | 湖南农业大学 | Repairing agent for synchronously passivating cadmium and arsenic in polluted soil and application thereof |
| CN113582312A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-02 | 中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Excess sludge modified inorganic-organic composite flocculant and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201110 |