CN109575598A - 一种热塑性低耐磨性好的复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种热塑性低耐磨性好的复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109575598A
CN109575598A CN201710904260.5A CN201710904260A CN109575598A CN 109575598 A CN109575598 A CN 109575598A CN 201710904260 A CN201710904260 A CN 201710904260A CN 109575598 A CN109575598 A CN 109575598A
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周琪
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种热塑性低耐磨性好的复合材料，它是由助剂和下述体积份的原料制备得到的：热塑性工程塑料基体50～90份，氟树脂1～50份，短切纤维1～50份。本发明提供的复合材料，通过合理控制高模量增强纤维与氟树脂的比例，能够提高摩擦磨损过程中耐磨氟树脂在对磨表面的迁移从而达到降低材料摩擦系数的同时提高复合材料的抗磨损和力学性能的目的。所制备得到的复合材料可以作为高性能、多用途的改性工程塑料使用，具有良好的经济效益和很好的应用价值。并且本发明材料的制备过程操作简单、工艺成熟，十分便于工业化生产。

Description

一种热塑性低耐磨性好的复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料领域，具体涉及一种热塑性低耐磨性好的复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
自润滑工程塑料如聚酰胺6、聚甲醛、聚苯硫醚等材料具有刚性大，蠕变小，质轻、机械强度高，耐腐蚀、耐热、耐磨、成本低、电绝缘性好等优势，在传动领域逐渐取代金属材料得到了广泛应用。然而，单一工程塑料的摩擦系数及磨损量仍然较大，在某些要求苛刻领域的应用受到了限制。通过对工程塑料进行增强改性、填充改性可以改善其摩擦磨损性能，拓宽其应用范围。因此，目前亟需一种既具有好的耐磨性能，又具有好的力学性能，并且生产成本较低 的耐磨材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种热塑性低耐磨性好的复合材料及其制备方法，以有效克服上述现有技术的不足。
为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种热塑性低耐磨性好的复合材料，它是由助剂和下述体积份的原料制备得到的：热塑性工程塑料基体50～90份，氟树脂1～50份，短切纤维1～50份。
所述助剂的体积份为：抗氧剂0.05～0.2份，润滑剂0.15～0.6份，热稳定剂0.5～1份，成核剂0.25～1份。
所述热塑性工程塑料基体选自聚苯硫醚、聚甲醛和聚酰胺6中的任一种；所述聚苯硫醚的熔融指数为50～400g/10min；所述聚甲醛为共聚甲醛，熔融指数为9～45g/10min；所述纤维选自玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维和碳纤维中的任一种；所述玻璃纤维是涂有浸润剂的玻璃纤维，所述浸润剂为脂肪族聚氧乙烯醚；所述碳纤维是涂有上浆剂的碳纤维，所述上浆剂选自双酚A型环氧树脂为主体的乳液型上浆剂或聚氧乙烯型环氧树脂为主体的乳液型上浆剂中的任一种或两种。
所述热塑性工程塑料基体在复合材料中的体积分数为60～80％。
所述短切纤维在复合材料中的体积分数为10～20％。
所述自润滑氟树脂选自聚四氟乙烯、全氟丙基全氟乙烯基醚-聚四氟乙烯共聚物和聚偏氟乙烯中的任一种。
所述自润滑氟树脂在复合材料中的体积分数是10～30％。
本发明还提供了一种所述的复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)制备预混料：将热塑性工程塑料基体、自润滑氟树脂、抗氧剂、润滑剂、成核剂、热稳定剂混合，得到预混料；
2)制备复合材料：将步骤(1)所制得的预混料经过主加料筒加入同向平行双螺杆 内进行熔融共混挤出；将增强纤维通过双螺杆挤出机中段的侧喂料口计量加入，并开启位于双螺杆挤出机末端的真空泵；双螺杆转速为60～120rpm，主喂料机螺杆转速为10～ 30rpm；
3)取挤出机口模挤出的料条，冷却、干燥、切粒即得。
与现有的纯聚苯硫醚树脂材料相比，本发明的复合材料具有以下优点：
1、本发明通过将硬质增强纤维与软质含氟自润滑树脂共同引入复合体系中，在实现对基体树脂增强的同时提高了复合材料的耐磨性和摩擦稳定性。
2、本发明通过合理调节硬质增强纤维同软质含氟树脂的比例，在混合过程中可实现软质含氟树脂在复合材料中的均匀分散并保护硬质纤维长度受到过度损失从而使复合体系具有较高的刚性和强度。
3、本发明所述复合材料在摩擦过程中因硬质纤维的承载作用及软质含氟树脂的自润 滑效应得到协同，使软质含氟树脂能够稳定富集在对磨表面形成自润滑转移膜，提高材料在长时干磨损条件下的摩擦系数。
4、本发明所涉及的复合材料制备工艺简单、可以广泛生产并不断代替现有滑动部件材。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明：
本发明的复合材料，它是由助剂和下述体积份的原料制备得到的：热塑性工程塑料基体80份，氟树脂45份，短切纤维45份。
所述助剂的体积份为：抗氧剂0.15份，润滑剂0.4份，热稳定剂0.5份，成核剂0.25份。
所述热塑性工程塑料基体选自聚苯硫醚；所述聚苯硫醚的熔融指数为200g/10min；所述聚甲醛为共聚甲醛，熔融指数为40g/10min；所述纤维选自玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维和碳纤维中的任一种；所述玻璃纤维是涂有浸润剂的玻璃纤维，所述浸润剂为脂肪族聚氧乙烯醚；所述碳纤维是涂有上浆剂的碳纤维，所述上浆剂选自双酚A型环氧树脂为主体的乳液型上浆剂或聚氧乙烯型环氧树脂为主体的乳液型上浆剂中的任一种或两种。
所述热塑性工程塑料基体在复合材料中的体积分数为70％。
所述短切纤维在复合材料中的体积分数为15％。
所述自润滑氟树脂选自聚四氟乙烯、全氟丙基全氟乙烯基醚-聚四氟乙烯共聚物和聚偏氟乙烯中的任一种。
所述自润滑氟树脂在复合材料中的体积分数是30％。
本发明的复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)制备预混料：将热塑性工程塑料基体、自润滑氟树脂、抗氧剂、润滑剂、成核剂、热稳定剂混合，得到预混料；
2)制备复合材料：将步骤1)所制得的预混料经过主加料筒加入同向平行双螺杆内进行熔融共混挤出；将增强纤维通过双螺杆挤出机中段的侧喂料口计量加入，并开启位于双螺杆挤出机末端的真空泵；双螺杆转速为120rpm，主喂料机螺杆转速为30rpm；
3)取挤出机口模挤出的料条，冷却、干燥、切粒即得。
本发明提供的热塑性低耐磨性好的复合材料，通过合理控制高模量增强纤维与氟树脂的比例，能够提高摩擦磨损过程中耐磨氟树脂在对磨表面的迁移从而达到同时提 高复合材料的抗磨损和力学性能的目的。所制备得到的复合材料可以作为高性能、多用途 的改性工程塑料使用，具有良好的经济效益和很好的应用价值。并且本发明材料的制备过程操作简单、工艺成熟，十分便于工业化生产。

Claims (8)

1.一种热塑性低耐磨性好的复合材料，其特征在于：它是由助剂和下述体积份的原料制备得到的：热塑性工程塑料基体50～90份，氟树脂1～50份，短切纤维1～50份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合材料，其特征在于：所述助剂的体积份为：抗氧剂0.05～0.2份，润滑剂0.15～0.6份，热稳定剂0.5～1份，成核剂0.25～1份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的复合材料，其特征在于：所述热塑性工程塑料基体选自聚苯硫醚、聚甲醛和聚酰胺6中的任一种；所述聚苯硫醚的熔融指数为50～400g/10min；所述聚甲醛为共聚甲醛，熔融指数为9～45g/10min；所述纤维选自玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维和碳纤维中的任一种；所述玻璃纤维是涂有浸润剂的玻璃纤维，所述浸润剂为脂肪族聚氧乙烯醚；所述碳纤维是涂有上浆剂的碳纤维，所述上浆剂选自双酚A型环氧树脂为主体的乳液型上浆剂或聚氧乙烯型环氧树脂为主体的乳液型上浆剂中的任一种或两种。
4.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的复合材料，其特征在于：所述热塑性工程塑料基体在复合材料中的体积分数为60～80％。
5.根据权利要求1或2或3或4所述的复合材料，其特征在于：所述短切纤维在复合材料中的体积分数为10～20％。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的复合材料，其特征在于：所述自润滑氟树脂选自聚四氟乙烯、全氟丙基全氟乙烯基醚-聚四氟乙烯共聚物和聚偏氟乙烯中的任一种。
7.根据权利要求1或2或6所述的复合材料，其特征在于：所述自润滑氟树脂在复合材料中的体积分数是10～30％。
8.根据权利要求1或2或3或4或5或6或7所述的复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
1)制备预混料：将热塑性工程塑料基体、自润滑氟树脂、抗氧剂、润滑剂、成核剂、热稳定剂混合，得到预混料；
2)制备复合材料：将步骤(1)所制得的预混料经过主加料筒加入同向平行双螺杆 内进行熔融共混挤出；将增强纤维通过双螺杆挤出机中段的侧喂料口计量加入，并开启位于双螺杆挤出机末端的真空泵；双螺杆转速为60～120rpm，主喂料机螺杆转速为10～ 30rpm；
3)取挤出机口模挤出的料条，冷却、干燥、切粒即得。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111117248A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-08 苏州纳磐新材料科技有限公司 一种碳纤维增强pps耐磨材料及其制备方法
CN112300573A (zh) * 2020-11-02 2021-02-02 四川大学 一种具有微纤化结构的低摩擦耐磨损复合材料及其制备方法和用途
CN114381113A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-22 昆山科运新型工程材料科技有限公司 一种自润滑高耐磨含氟高分子合金的制备方法

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111117248A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-08 苏州纳磐新材料科技有限公司 一种碳纤维增强pps耐磨材料及其制备方法
CN111117248B (zh) * 2019-12-31 2022-07-29 苏州纳磐新材料科技有限公司 一种碳纤维增强pps耐磨材料及其制备方法
CN112300573A (zh) * 2020-11-02 2021-02-02 四川大学 一种具有微纤化结构的低摩擦耐磨损复合材料及其制备方法和用途
CN114381113A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-22 昆山科运新型工程材料科技有限公司 一种自润滑高耐磨含氟高分子合金的制备方法

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