CN109557277A - A kind of gas and dust explosive characteristic test device - Google Patents
A kind of gas and dust explosive characteristic test device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109557277A CN109557277A CN201811305807.0A CN201811305807A CN109557277A CN 109557277 A CN109557277 A CN 109557277A CN 201811305807 A CN201811305807 A CN 201811305807A CN 109557277 A CN109557277 A CN 109557277A
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- dust
- explosion
- mobile piston
- cavity
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/22—Fuels, explosives
- G01N33/227—Explosives, e.g. combustive properties thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/24—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for chemistry
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of gases and dust explosive characteristic test device, the gas includes fuel gas and steam, the test device includes explosion cavity (9), the explosion cavity (9) is by top cover (7), the confined space that shell cavity (10) and mobile piston (4) are formed, the explosion cavity (9) is supported by support (8), temperature sensor (5) and pressure sensor (6) are housed on the top cover (7), connecting bracket (3) and spring push-pull rod (13) below the mobile piston (4), moving range is controlled by upper limit device (11) and lower retainer (12), electric ignition device (2) and solenoid valve sampling system (1) are additionally provided on the mobile piston (4).Compared with prior art, the present invention has safety reliable, can be changed equipment combination, easily disassembled, has the effect of observation gas (or steam) and dust combustion and its explosion property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of burning and volatile simulation demonstrating apparatus, are pushed and pulled more particularly, to a kind of using electrodynamic type
Bar controls pressure in reaction cavity and carries out gas (or steam) and dust explosive characteristic test device.
Background technique
Fuel gas (or steam), dust explosion are the important forms of industrial explosion disaster.In real life, many feelings
Under condition, fuel gas (or steam), dust mix with air and reach a certain concentration, if can lead to the presence of fire source at this time
Explosion disaster.Common fuel gas (or steam), dust explosion disaster have very much, as gas pipeline ruptures；Liquefied natural gas
Leakage；Gas and coal dust explosion；The agricultural product dust explosion such as grain, feed；Metallurgical system metallic explosive etc..The mankind are quick-fried to gas
Fried research, until the late 19th century, has just been determined to master since Britain in 1857 occurs after gas piping explosion
Want observation of the burning of fuel gas (such as hydrogen, methane, ethylene, acetylene, carbon monoxide) with explosion as a result, proposing prevents
The safety measure that accident occurs, and put into practice, achieve certain effect.Fuel gas (or steam) explosion disaster in recent years
It happens occasionally, prevention fuel gas (or steam) explosion disaster seems very prominent.Flammable or steam explosion is combustible gas
A kind of special shape of body explosion, belongs to flammable gas explosion scope in itself.Therefore, research is flammable or steam fires spy
Property can also from research fuel gas explosive characteristic start with.
On the other hand, dust explosion is a kind of particular risk in powder industry production process, be related to metallurgical, coloured, building materials,
The industries such as machinery, light industry, weaving, tobacco, commerce and trade.The principle combustible dust of dust explosion, which mixes with air, to be formed dust cloud and has
Dust explosion may occur, but form combustible dust explosion to be provided simultaneously with following 5 conditions: (1) combustible dust.
(2) oxidizer, the oxygen being primarily referred to as in air.Must have enough oxygen in environment can be with sustained combustion, this is flammable
Property dust is able to the basis of sustained combustion.(3) there must be the ignition source of enough energy.The smallest point of most of combustible dust cloud
Fire can be between 5-50mJ, and the minimum ignition energy than imflammable gas is higher by the 1-2 order of magnitude.Involving explosives dust industry industrial production
Common potential ignition source has in the process: open fire, electrical spark, high temperature surface, high-temperature gas, mechanical collision spark, equilibrium
Compensate electric current and cathodic protection protection, electrostatic, thunder and lightning, shock wave, spontaneous combustion, light radiation, electromagnetic wave, ionising radiation, ultrasonic wave, exhausted
Hot compression, chemical reaction and exothermic reaction.(4) it is dust cloud state and combustible dust cloud that dust, which necessarily is in suspended state,
Concentration must be in dust explosion upper and lower limits.(5) dust cloud will be in limited space.Under this condition once occurring quick-fried
Fried temperature and pressure could be increased sharply.Although prevention and protection have carried out years of researches at present to the mechanism of dust explosion,
But dust explosion is still the important hidden danger of She Fen manufacturing enterprise.Combustible dust explosion hazard area is recognized, and is adopted
Take corresponding explosion precaution significant to the safety in production of involving explosives dust enterprise.The identification of hazardous area needs gas or powder
Dust explosion test device carries out flammability or volatile judgement.The gas (or steam) or powder that can be burnt are generally believed at present
Dirt is as explosive, but certain substances that can not be lighted in general environment just can not distinguish its explosiveness.China's dust test mark
There are no the measurement for being related to explosiveness of dust and determination methods in standard.What is referred in external standard is certain explosive for dust
Though the equipment of property screening and test has certain science, there is also certain shortcomings.
Existing gas (or steam) or dust combustion and explosion test apparatus for demonstrating, typically it is simple whether pressure
Judge whether gas or dust fire, without monitoring temperature, can not reflect the gas under working condition after the accident
Temperature distribution state after (or steam) or dust combustion and explosion can not also reflect according to the correct of Temperature Distribution requirement
Element is protected, the influence degree being subject in different temperatures range domain can not be immediately arrived at.
Chinese patent CN205538948U discloses a kind of dust explosion parameter experiment test device, including explosion tank body,
The explosion tank body includes tank body, upper cover, is equipped with ignitor in the center of upper cover, is set in the bottom of the explosion tank body
There is dust spray head, is sequentially connected dust cabin, storage in side setting pressure sensor, the gas vent dust spray head of the explosion tank body
Gas storehouse, high pressure gas cylinder are equipped with solenoid valve pressure sensor, solenoid valve and control on dust spray head and the connecting line of dust cabin
Processor connection.On the one hand, the non-mounting temperature sensor of above-mentioned apparatus cannot in real time fire gas (or steam) or dust
Temperature change in the process is monitored.On the other hand, due to test before need explosion tank body to be evacuated to vacuum, need vacuum pump into
Row operation, is not suitable for field test.
Summary of the invention
It is pushed away it is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of using electrodynamic type
Pull rod controls the gas and dust explosive characteristic that pressure in reaction cavity carries out gas (or steam) or the test of dust explosive characteristic
Test device.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of gas and dust explosive characteristic test dress
It sets, the gas includes fuel gas and steam, which is characterized in that the test device includes explosion cavity, described quick-fried
Fried cavity is the confined space formed by top cover, shell cavity and mobile piston, and the explosion cavity is described by seat supports
Temperature sensor and pressure sensor are housed, connecting bracket and spring push-pull rod below the mobile piston lead on top cover
The mobile piston for crossing the promotion of spring push-pull rod moves in explosion chamber body, and moving range is by upper limit device and lower retainer control
It makes, is additionally provided with electric ignition device and solenoid valve sampling system on the mobile piston.
Top cover is connected at the top of the shell cavity, lower part is installed on the support.
Bottom, upper limit device setting table on mobile piston is arranged in shell cavity in the lower retainer
Face, the mobile piston move up and down in explosion chamber body, and the mobile upper limit is that the upper limit device touches top cover lower surface,
Mobile lower limit is that lower retainer is touched in mobile piston lower surface.
The solenoid valve sampling system is upward through mobile piston from mobile piston, and connect with electric ignition device.
The solenoid valve sampling system includes dusting or jet dispersal device, sample introduction include dust or fuel gas or
Steam.Sampling system is controlled by solenoid valve, for the different sample introduction of gas or dust, the settable different sample introduction of solenoid valve
Pressure realizes uniform sample introduction.
The bracket is in box shape, and upper part connects mobile piston, and lower part connecting spring formula push-pull rod is pushed away by spring
Pull rod pushes bracket, and mobile piston is driven to move up and down in explosion chamber body, control explosion cavity internal pressure.The mobile work
Plug can be moved to different parts, so that different pressure is formed in reaction cavity, to realize gas or dust under different operating conditions
The simulation test of explosive characteristic test.
The top cover is equipped with one or more temperature sensor and pressure sensor, when the multiple temperature sensors of use
When with pressure sensor, area monitoring can be carried out to the temperature and pressure of explosive reaction cavity various pieces.It can also be according to reality
Border needs to install other kinds of sensor, including infra red flame sensor, infrared thermal imager, to realize the more of the device
Functional test requirement.
The top cover is top cover of releasing, i.e. the top cover is equipped with relief valve, after combustion explosion reaction occurs, reaction
After exhaust gas afterwards is via top cover discharge of releasing, discharged after being handled into corresponding exhaust gas cleaner.
When test, press spring push-pull rod, adjusts mobile piston to lower retainer above section, so that in explosion chamber body
Pressure reach test value, test specimen enters explosion cavity by solenoid valve sampling system, starts electric ignition device, tests gas
Body or dust will be ignited, and obtain combustion explosion reaction result by temperature sensor and pressure sensor.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
1) it under test mode, is adjusted without the cooperation of vacuum pump by operation spring push-pull rod according to the requirement of test
Mobile piston is saved, the negative pressure state under different test requests is formed.
2) under test mode, multiple sensor combinations on top cover can every ginseng intracorporal to reaction chamber during firing
Number change procedure is monitored in real time.
3) structure is simple, and portability and dismounting are functional, easy to maintain, is suitable for various conditions.
4) the device of the invention is used, gas a small amount of under laboratory condition (or steam) may be implemented or dust fires spy
Property parameter test, realize the live situation of flame and explosion product monitoring temperature and distribution after gas or dust explosion.
5) when firing in device, the waste of gas (or steam) and dust combustion explosion generation can pass through top
Lid discharge in time.The device has the characteristics that easy to operate, explosion display effect is good, easy to carry, cost performance is high, cooperation movement
Power supply can carry out gas (or steam) and dust explosion test and real training demonstration whenever and wherever possible.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagram of the invention in embodiment 2.
In figure, 1- solenoid valve sampling system, 2- electric ignition device, 3- bracket, 4- mobile piston, 5- temperature sensor, 6-
Pressure sensor, 7- top cover, 8- support, 9- reaction cavity, 10- shell cavity, 11- upper limit device, 12- lower retainer, 13- bullet
Spring formula push-pull rod.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment will be helpful to this field
Technical staff further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the general of this field
For logical technical staff, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These are belonged to
Protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Using a kind of gas (or steam) or dust explosive characteristic test device, structure is as shown in Figure 1, the test device
Including the cavity 9 that explodes, the explosion cavity 9 is the confined space formed by top cover 7, shell cavity 10 and mobile piston 4, described
Explosion cavity 9 is supported by support 8, and temperature sensor 5 and pressure sensor 6, the mobile piston are housed on the top cover 7
4 lower section connecting brackets 3 and spring push-pull rod 13, the mobile piston 4 pushed by spring push-pull rod 13 is in explosion cavity 9
Mobile, moving range is controlled by upper limit device 11 and lower retainer 12, is additionally provided with electric ignition device 2 on the mobile piston 4
With solenoid valve sampling system 1.
When carrying out gas (or steam) or dust is tested, adjustment spring formula push-pull rod 13, mobile piston 4 is moved to accordingly
Position, explosion cavity 9 in formed test request under negative pressure state, start solenoid valve sampling system 1, the sample introduction pressure being set
Power, interior formation gas (or steam) of reaction cavity 9 is suspended or dust cloud drifts state, starts electric ignition device 2, reaction cavity
Reaction is fired in 9.It is net into corresponding tail gas after the exhaust gas fired is discharged via top cover 7 after combustion explosion reaction occurs
Makeup is discharged after setting processing.
The temperature and pressure range in reaction cavity 9 is supervised in real time using temperature sensor 5 and pressure sensor 6
It surveys.
Embodiment 2
Using a kind of gas (or steam) or dust explosive characteristic test device, structure is as shown in Fig. 2, with embodiment 1
Structure it is identical, the difference is that, device shown in Fig. 2 be fire reaction before structure drawing of device.When explosion occurs
Afterwards, gas expansion in reaction cavity, pressure rise the situation to form Fig. 1.Position by observing mobile piston intuitively obtains
The intracorporal pressure state of reaction chamber.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of gas and dust explosive characteristic test device, the gas include fuel gas and steam, which is characterized in that
The test device includes explosion cavity (9), and the explosion cavity (9) is by top cover (7), shell cavity (10) and mobile work
The confined space that (4) are formed is filled in, the explosion cavity (9) is supported by support (8), and temperature sensing is housed on the top cover (7)
Device (5) and pressure sensor (6), mobile piston (4) the lower section connecting bracket (3) and spring push-pull rod (13), pass through
The mobile piston (4) that spring push-pull rod (13) pushes moves in explosion cavity (9), moving range by upper limit device (11) and
Lower retainer (12) controls, and is additionally provided with electric ignition device (2) and solenoid valve sampling system (1) on the mobile piston (4).
2. a kind of gas according to claim 1 and dust explosive characteristic test device, which is characterized in that the cavity
Top cover (7) are connected at the top of shell (10), lower part is mounted on support (8).
3. a kind of gas according to claim 1 and dust explosive characteristic test device, which is characterized in that the lower limit
Position device (12) is arranged in shell cavity (10) interior bottom, and upper limit device (11) setting is in mobile piston (4) upper surface, institute
The mobile piston (4) stated moves up and down in explosion cavity (9), and the mobile upper limit is that the upper limit device (11) touches top cover
(7) lower surface, mobile lower limit are that lower retainer (12) are touched in mobile piston (4) lower surface.
4. a kind of gas according to claim 1 and dust explosive characteristic test device, which is characterized in that the electromagnetism
Valve injection system (1) is upward through mobile piston (4) from mobile piston (4), and is connect with electric ignition device (2).
5. a kind of gas according to claim 1 and dust explosive characteristic test device, which is characterized in that the electromagnetism
Valve injection system (1) includes dusting or jet dispersal device, sample introduction include dust or fuel gas or steam.
6. a kind of gas according to claim 1 and dust explosive characteristic test device, which is characterized in that the bracket
It (3) is in box shape, upper part connects mobile piston (4), lower part connecting spring formula push-pull rod (13), by spring push-pull rod (13)
It pushes bracket (3), mobile piston (4) is driven to move up and down in explosion cavity (9), control explosion cavity (9) interior pressure.
7. a kind of gas according to claim 1 and dust explosive characteristic test device, which is characterized in that the top cover
(7) it is equipped with one or more temperature sensors (5) and pressure sensor (6), other classes can be also installed according to the actual needs
The sensor of type, including infra red flame sensor, infrared thermal imager.
8. a kind of gas according to claim 1 and dust explosive characteristic test device, which is characterized in that the top cover
(7) to release top cover, i.e., the top cover (7) is equipped with relief valve, after combustion explosion reaction occurs, exhaust gas after reaction via
After top cover of releasing discharge, discharged after being handled into corresponding exhaust gas cleaner.
9. a kind of gas according to claim 1 and dust explosive characteristic test device, which is characterized in that when test, tightly
Pressing spring formula push-pull rod (13) adjusts mobile piston (4) to lower retainer (12) above section, so that in explosion cavity (9)
Pressure reaches test value, and test specimen enters explosion cavity (9) by solenoid valve sampling system (1), starts electric ignition device
(2), testing gas or dust will be ignited, and obtain combustion explosion reaction by temperature sensor (5) and pressure sensor (6)
As a result.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811305807.0A CN109557277A (en) | 2018-11-05 | 2018-11-05 | A kind of gas and dust explosive characteristic test device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811305807.0A CN109557277A (en) | 2018-11-05 | 2018-11-05 | A kind of gas and dust explosive characteristic test device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109557277A true CN109557277A (en) | 2019-04-02 |
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| CN201811305807.0A Pending CN109557277A (en) | 2018-11-05 | 2018-11-05 | A kind of gas and dust explosive characteristic test device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111220653A (en) * | 2020-03-01 | 2020-06-02 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Lithium cell flue gas disaster research platform |
| CN112305022A (en) * | 2020-11-29 | 2021-02-02 | 上海化工院检测有限公司 | Variable-pressure gas explosiveness testing device driven by double-acting air cylinder |
| CN113281485A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-20 | 北京化工大学 | Device and method for evaluating safety of energetic material extrusion process |
| CN113466428A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-10-01 | 江苏健安安全科技有限公司 | Grading test device for explosive objects in factory building |
| CN114563550A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-05-31 | 广东华晟安全职业评价有限公司 | Device and method for testing safety performance of explosives and powders |
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| CN113281485A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-20 | 北京化工大学 | Device and method for evaluating safety of energetic material extrusion process |
| CN113466428A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-10-01 | 江苏健安安全科技有限公司 | Grading test device for explosive objects in factory building |
| CN114563550A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-05-31 | 广东华晟安全职业评价有限公司 | Device and method for testing safety performance of explosives and powders |
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Application publication date: 20190402 |