CN103207209B - High-temperature-fragment heat-conduction ignition device - Google Patents
High-temperature-fragment heat-conduction ignition device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103207209B CN103207209B CN201310095484.8A CN201310095484A CN103207209B CN 103207209 B CN103207209 B CN 103207209B CN 201310095484 A CN201310095484 A CN 201310095484A CN 103207209 B CN103207209 B CN 103207209B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature-fragment heat-conduction ignition device. The high-temperature-fragment heat-conduction ignition device comprises a body, a conduit and slide block component, a temperature measuring component, window components, decompression components, pressure measuring components, a vacuum pump, a tubular furnace, a stepping motor, a high-speed camera, a data collector and a light source. Simulative high-temperature fragments are heated to certain temperature and released onto grains produced by gun propellants, and the response process during thermal stimulus of the gun propellants can be observed and recorded. The combustion chamber space of the high-temperature-fragment heat-conduction ignition device can be changed by the silica gel pouring method, and response situations of same samples in the range of 0-10MPa (mega Pascal) under different pressure conditions are studied, so that relative property of experiments is high; through designed sealing and insulating ways among components, all the components are in threaded connection, so that mounting and dismounting are facilitated, and replaceability of the components is high; and the special decompression components for discharging air are designed to realize automatic air discharging protection under different pressure, so that safety of the device is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to explosive wastewater technical field, be specifically related to a kind of High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition device.
Background technology
The high temperature fragment that hollow charge jet or kinetic energy penetrator produce is the chief threat of armoring armament systems battlefield survival, some fragment is penetrating in armoring process, kinetic transformation is heat energy, make fragment kinetic energy very little, and temperature raises further, it enters Charge of ammunitions room and touches propellant powder, propellant powder likely Yin Gaowen fragment thermostimulation and lighted, and then cause burning or the blast of armoring armament systems, for improving the battlefield survival of armament systems, must develop the insensitive propellant powder of thermostimulation, i.e. low responsive propellant powder, also low vulnerability gun propellant is.For development low vulnerability gun propellant, the test method thinking poorly of vulnerability and its mechanism of research must be set up.For evaluating different propellant powder to the responsiveness of thermostimulation and mechanism, research in the external ignition and combustion response pattern having carried out propellant powder under high temperature fragment conduction of heat very early, the development of domestic low responsive propellant powder and Performance Evaluation Technique research are in initial conceptual phase, have no the research report of relevant High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition test; External scientific research personnel is by propellant powder High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition burning test, analyze the correlativity of propellant powder and the thermostimulation of high temperature fragment, obtain the Response Mechanism of propellant powder under the effect of high temperature fragment and evaluate principle, for low vulnerability gun propellant candidate formula provides foundation, but the external High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition device set up has following deficiency:
(1) combustion chamber volume is fixed, and can only change loading density by plus-minus dose, can not study the response condition of same sample under different pressures condition, test comparability is not strong;
(2) connection of each assembly is non-removable welding manner, and maintainability and the replaceability of the consumable accessorys such as transparent window are poor;
(3) there is no pressure release venting assembly, be unfavorable for experimental safe.
Therefore, for the formula development accelerating China's low vulnerability gun propellant provides technical support, develop a kind of device can simulating the ignition response condition of gunpowder when being subject to TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE fragment heat transfer and stimulating, propellant powder vulnerability characterization parameter under the thermostimulation of acquisition high temperature fragment, the influence factor of propellant powder vulnerability under the thermostimulation of high temperature fragment, can Real Time Observation the ignition and combustion process recorded when propellant powder is subject to thermostimulation, and propellant powder can be measured be subject to thermostimulation ignition combustion event Chinese medicine column top, middle part, bottom temperature and whole firing chamber in pressure, thus research propellant powder is to the response pattern of high temperature fragment thermostimulation, disclose the feature stimulating propellant powder component and the character be associated with hot fragment, and explain that propellant powder is to the response phenomenon of high temperature fragment thermostimulation theoretically, it is one of problem of paying close attention to of applicant always.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition device is provided, to study the effective ways of response pattern that propellant powder stimulates TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE and mechanism, the test findings simultaneously utilizing this device to obtain can be tested with the hot fragment vulnerability in same outfield and set up correlativity, to save high field test expense.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution:
A kind of High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition device, it is characterized in that, be made up of body, conduit slide block assembly, temperature measurement component, window assembly, pressure release assembly, manometric module, vacuum pump, tubular furnace, stepper motor, high-speed camera, data acquisition unit and light source;
Described body is central link part and heat transfer igniting combustion container, and this body upper end is connected with conduit slide block assembly, lower end is connected with temperature measurement component, and side is connected with window assembly, pressure release assembly, manometric module; Wherein:
Described body is cylindrical, and this body upper and lower end face has the threaded hole of same size, and body side has four same sizes and symmetrical 4 threaded holes in position, body interior is cylindric hollow-core construction;
Described conduit slide block assembly, main web member is conduit slide block screw plug, conduit slide block screw plug upper and lower end face has internal thread hole, conduit slide block screw plug upper surface is provided with screw threads for fastening head, quartz ampoule is equipped with in upper screw threads for fastening head inside, conduit slide block screw plug has square opening in the middle part of side, for installing slide block, slide block has a through hole and a step-like through hole, step-like through hole is built with cone seal block, on cone seal block, cover has ring-shaped rubber O-ring seal, lower screw threads for fastening head is equipped with in conduit slide block screw plug lower end, screw threads for fastening head is built with lower quartz ampoule, simulation high temperature fragment is had in lower quartz ampoule, conduit slide block screw plug lower end is fixed with the upper silicone filler pad of cylinder shape groove and four lateral aperture,
The main web member of described temperature measurement component is thermometric screw plug, thermometric screw plug upper end is provided with lower silicone filler pad, lower silicone filler pad axial centre has a through hole, 6 through holes are had around this through hole, the sticky medicine bar of a bolt shape is had in central through hole, sticky medicine bar lower end is by being threaded on thermometric plug, thermometric screw plug circumference has 6 to organize a performance scalariform through hole and threaded hole, often organizes in hole and is all installed with top electrode bar, plus screw, type bakelite packing ring, bakelite sleeve, annular bakelite pad, middle electrode stem, annular bakelite pad, bottom electrode bar;
Described window assembly primarily of the form urceolus with internal and external threads, cylindrical withstand voltage glass, cyclic polytetrafluoroethylene packing ring, have externally threaded form inner core composition;
Described pressure release assembly, primarily of having externally threaded and pressure release inner core that is taper diffusion hole, circular pressure release pad, cylindrical groove shape pressure release cushion cover, annular relief hole pad, has the pressure release urceolus composition of internal and external threads;
Described manometric module, primarily of the pressure measurement inner core with internal and external threads, has the sensor adapter of internal and external threads, pressure transducer, rhombus copper washer, has the pressure measurement urceolus composition of internal and external threads.
High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition test unit of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) method by silica gel cast changes combustion chamber volume, the response condition of research same sample within the scope of 0 ~ 10MPa under different pressures condition, and test comparability is strong;
(2) by sealing and the insulation mode of each inter-module of design, each assembly all adopts and is threaded, and it is convenient to mount and dismount, and each assembly replaceability is strong;
(3) devise special venting pressure release assembly, can realize the automatic leakage gas shielded under different pressures, equipment safety is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main cut-open view of High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition test unit of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the trystate schematic diagram of the High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition test unit of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition test unit experimentation in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the partial schematic diagram of the High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition test unit experimentation in Fig. 1.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition test unit of the present invention, can refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 implements, main parts body wherein adopts that 30CrMnSi is machined to be made, packing washer teflon processes, packing material in body firing chamber by resistance to ablation and the good special silica gel material of effect of heat insulation make, quartz ampoule up and down in conduit slide block assembly is made up of resistant to elevated temperatures quartz material, the sensor adapter O-ring seal of manometric module is made by red copper is machined, the form of window assembly adopts that withstand voltage glass is machined to be made.
As shown in Figures 3 to 6, the present embodiment provides a kind of preferred embodiment of High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition device, forms primarily of body 1, conduit slide block assembly 2, temperature measurement component 3, window assembly 4, pressure release assembly 5, manometric module 6, vacuum pump 7, tubular furnace 8, stepper motor 9, high-speed camera 10, data acquisition unit 11, light source 12.
Body 1 is central link part and heat transfer igniting combustion container, conduit slide block assembly 2, temperature measurement component 3, window assembly 4, pressure release assembly 5, manometric module 6 are threaded connection on body 1, realize the sealing with body 1 by polytetrafluoroethylene gasket and binding thread.
Light source 12 is the adjustable LED light emitting diodes of brightness; High-speed camera instrument 10 is computer systems that image processing software is housed, and is positioned at the outside of described window assembly 4, is taken the response process of the powder column that propellant powder is made by the cylindrical withstand voltage glass 4-2 aiming at window assembly 4; Data acquisition unit 11 is computer systems that multi-channel data acquisition board and specific test and measure software are housed, and connects the thermopair on the thermometric plug 3-12 of temperature measurement component 3, and the pressure transducer simultaneously connected on manometric module 6 can thermometric pressure measurement.
Body 1 is the cylindrical cavity (see Fig. 2) that the volume be processed into by 30CrMnSi is about 150mL, upper and lower end face respectively has a threaded hole, upper surface threaded hole installs conduit slide block assembly 2, lower surface threaded hole installs temperature measurement component 3, side has four threaded holes, in two relative holes, window assembly 4 is installed, installation pressure release assembly 5 two other relative hole in, manometric module 6; On body 1, each threaded hole is built with polytetrafluoroethylene gasket with sealing, and the polytetrafluoroethylene gasket 1-2 of minor diameter is equipped with in hole, four, side, and upper and lower side two holes are built with large diameter polytetrafluoroethylene gasket 1-3;
The conduit slide block screw plug 2-2 of conduit slide block assembly 2 is provided with slide block 2-3, conduit slide block screw plug 2-2 upper end is provided with screw threads for fastening head 2-7, the upper quartz ampoule 2-6 of quartz material is equipped with in upper screw threads for fastening head 2-7 inside, in the middle part of conduit slide block screw plug 2-2, slide block 2-3 is housed, slide block 2-3 there are a through hole and a step-like through hole, wedge-type seal block 2-4 is had in step-like through hole, on wedge-type seal block 2-4, cover has rubber seal 2-5, conduit slide block screw plug 2-2 is equipped with lower end lower screw threads for fastening head 2-9, lower screw threads for fastening head 2-9 is built with the lower quartz ampoule 2-8 of quartz material, simulation high temperature fragment 2-1 is had in lower quartz ampoule 2-8, conduit slide block screw plug 2-2 lower end is fixed with the upper silicone filler pad 2-10 of cylinder shape groove and four lateral aperture,
Simulation high temperature fragment 2-1 is diameter 5mm ~ 10mm, a series of stainless steel right cylinders of high 10mm ~ 20mm.
The main web member of temperature measurement component 3 is thermometric screw plug 3-12, thermometric screw plug 3-12 is provided with lower silicone filler pad 3-2, lower silicone filler pad 3-2 axial centre has a through hole, 6 through holes are had around this through hole, a sticky medicine bar 3-3 is had in central through hole, sticky medicine bar 3-3 is stained with powder column 3-1 to be measured, sticky medicine bar 3-3 lower end is by being threaded on thermometric plug 3-12, thermometric plug 3-12 circumference has 6 step-like through holes and threaded hole, top electrode bar 3-4 is installed in each hole, plus screw 3-5, type bakelite packing ring 3-6, bakelite sleeve 3-8, annular bakelite pad 3-9, middle electrode stem 3-7, annular bakelite pad 3-9, bottom electrode bar 3-10 combines the electrode installed, six cover electrode combinations are insulation with the thermometric plug 3-12 of temperature measurement component, often adjacent two Electrode connection thermopair, the altogether temperature value at three thermocouple measurement powder column 3-1 upper, middle and lowers, three positions during test,
Window assembly 4 mainly comprises the form urceolus 4-1 with internal and external threads, is provided with successively in form urceolus 4-1: three cyclic polytetrafluoroethylene packing ring 4-3, and two pieces of withstand voltage glass 4-2 of circle, form inner core 4-4 is threaded connection on form urceolus 4-1.Two window assemblies 4 relative during test, a form is in order to irradiate powder column through natural light or light source 12, another form is in order to observe or to record the response process of propellant powder by thermostimulation, form inner core 4-1 is threaded connection on form urceolus 4-5, and form urceolus 4-5 is threaded connection on body 1;
Pressure release assembly 5 is primarily of having externally threaded and pressure release inner core 5-1 that is taper diffusion hole, circular pressure release pad 5-2, cylindrical groove shape pressure release cushion cover 5-3, annular relief hole pad 5-4, and the pressure release urceolus 5-5 with internal and external threads forms, its position relationship is, relief hole pad 5-4 is installed in urceolus 5-5 successively, pressure release cushion cover 5-3, pressure release pad 5-2, pressure release inner core 5-1, circular pressure release pad 5-2 is different-thickness (0.1mm, the pad that aluminium flake 0.2mm) makes, circular pressure release pad 5-2 thickness can be adjusted as required to set different pressure release conditions, during hypertonia, circular pressure release pad 5-2 breaks pressure release, pressure circular pressure release pad 5-2 when testing in setting range can not break pressure release, the screw thread being rotated counterclockwise the pressure release inner core 5-1 of pressure release assembly 5 can be exitted pressure release, pressure release inner core 5-1 is threaded connection on pressure release urceolus 5-5, pressure release urceolus 5-5 is threaded connection on body 1,
Manometric module 6, primarily of the pressure measurement inner core 6-1 with internal and external threads, has the sensor adapter 6-2 of internal and external threads, pressure transducer 6-3, rhombus copper washer 6-4, and the pressure measurement urceolus 6-5 with internal and external threads forms.Its position relationship is, is provided with rhombus copper washer 6-4 in pressure measurement urceolus 6-5 successively, sensor adapter 6-2, pressure transducer 6-3, has the pressure measurement inner core 6-1 of internal and external threads; The pressure measurement inner core 6-1 with internal and external threads is threaded connection on pressure measurement urceolus 6-5, and pressure measurement urceolus 6-5 is threaded connection on body 1, and test needs pressure transducer 6-3 to be connected on data acquisition unit 10 during pressure measurement to obtain pressure data.
The process of the test of the High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition device of the present embodiment is as follows:
Open vacuum pump 7 and hold columned fragment 2-1, open tubular furnace 8 simulation high temperature fragment 2-1 is heated to 500 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C (concrete heating-up temperature optionally determines), close vacuum pump 7 and make its freely falling body under gravity to discharge simulation high temperature fragment 2-1, simulation high temperature fragment 2-1 is by the upper quartz ampoule 2-6 of conduit slide block assembly 2, again by the through hole on slide block 2-3, the upper surface of powder column 3-1 is dropped on finally by lower quartz ampoule 2-8, now heat transfer process starts, powder column 3-1 has two kinds of possible situation appearance after simulation high temperature fragment 2-1 heat transfer stimulates: if powder column 3-1 is not lighted, then can judge powder column 3-1 this temperature conditions simulation high temperature fragment 2-1 to this powder column 3-1(by propellant powder suppress form) thermostimulation insensitive, illustrate that this powder column 3-1 has the Low vulnerability to thermostimulation under this temperature conditions, off-test, if powder column 3-1 is lighted, illustrate that this propellant powder does not have the Low vulnerability to thermostimulation under this temperature conditions, now utilize window assembly 4 and high-speed camera 10 to observe and record the response process of powder column 3-1 under thermal stimulation effect, utilize data acquisition unit 11 can measure the powder column 3-1 top of powder column 3-1 in heat transfer or combustion process simultaneously, the temperature value of middle part and bottom, as the combustion case under airtight condition need be observed, then need drop at high temperature fragment 2-1 and control slide block 2-3 by motor 9 in the time very short after on powder column 3-1 and move forward cone seal block 2-4 and ring-shaped rubber packing ring 2-5 seals whole firing chamber to build pressure, hypertonia in airtight condition lower combustion chamber during as tested, then the circular pressure release pad 5-2 of pressure release assembly 5 breaks under pressure and realizes venting pressure release, pressure transducer 6-3 can be connected on data acquisition unit 11 as needed pressure measurement and obtain pressure data.
Experiment through applicant shows, High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition device of the present invention, has following characteristics:
1, the thermostimulation response process of TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE fragment to propellant powder can be simulated;
2, can Real Time Observation record the response process of propellant powder under thermal stimulation effect;
3, the temperature of propellant powder powder column top, middle part and bottom in combustion can be measured;
4, airtight burning can be realized and measure the pressure in firing chamber;
5, can when internal pressure of combustion chamber is too high releasing pressure automatically, realized by certain thickness pressure release fragmentation, substantially increase processing safety.
6, can effectively in Synthetic Theatre of War environment, high speed shell fragment is through when entering in cylinder after plate armour, and the low speed high temperature fragment heat transfer of formation to the stimuli responsive process of propellant powder, thus saves field test expense greatly;
7, each assembly of device all adopts and is threaded, and convenient disassembly, replaceability is strong.
Claims (5)
1. a High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition device, it is characterized in that, be made up of body (1), conduit slide block assembly (2), temperature measurement component (3), window assembly (4), pressure release assembly (5), manometric module (6), vacuum pump (7), tubular furnace (8), stepper motor (9), high-speed camera (10), data acquisition unit (11) and light source (12);
Described body (1) is central link part and heat transfer igniting combustion container, this body (1) upper end is connected with conduit slide block assembly (2), lower end is connected with temperature measurement component (3), and side is connected with window assembly (4), pressure release assembly (5), manometric module (6); Wherein:
Described body (1) is for cylindrical, this body (1) upper and lower end face has the threaded hole of same size, body side has four same sizes and symmetrical 4 threaded holes in position, body (1) inside is cylindric hollow-core construction;
Described conduit slide block assembly (2), main web member is conduit slide block screw plug (2-2), conduit slide block screw plug (2-2) upper and lower end face has internal thread hole, conduit slide block screw plug (2-2) upper surface is provided with screw threads for fastening head (2-7), quartz ampoule (2-6) is equipped with in upper screw threads for fastening head (2-7) inside, square opening is had in the middle part of conduit slide block screw plug (2-2) side, for installing slide block (2-3), slide block (2-3) has a through hole and a step-like through hole, step-like through hole is built with cone seal block (2-4), the upper cover of cone seal block (2-4) has ring-shaped rubber O-ring seal (2-5), lower screw threads for fastening head (2-9) is equipped with in conduit slide block screw plug (2-2) lower end, lower screw threads for fastening head (2-9) is built with lower quartz ampoule (2-8), simulation high temperature fragment (2-1) is had in lower quartz ampoule (2-8), conduit slide block screw plug (2-2) lower end is fixed with the upper silicone filler pad (2-10) of cylinder shape groove and four lateral aperture,
The main web member of described temperature measurement component (3) is thermometric screw plug (3-12), thermometric screw plug (3-12) upper end is provided with lower silicone filler pad (3-2), lower silicone filler pad (3-2) axial centre has a through hole, 6 through holes are had around this through hole, the sticky medicine bar (3-3) of a bolt shape is had in central through hole, sticky medicine bar (3-3) lower end is by being threaded on thermometric screw plug (3-12), thermometric screw plug (3-12) circumference has 6 to organize a performance scalariform through hole and threaded hole, often organize in hole and top electrode bar (3-4) is all installed, plus screw (3-5), type bakelite packing ring (3-6), bakelite sleeve (3-8), annular bakelite pad (3-9), middle electrode stem (3-7), annular bakelite pad (3-9), bottom electrode bar (3-10),
Described window assembly (4) is primarily of the form urceolus (4-1) with internal and external threads, cylindrical withstand voltage glass (4-2), cyclic polytetrafluoroethylene packing ring (4-3), has externally threaded form inner core (4-4) composition;
Described pressure release assembly (5) is primarily of having externally threaded and pressure release inner core (5-1) that is taper diffusion hole, circular pressure release pad (5-2), cylindrical groove shape pressure release cushion cover (5-3), annular relief hole pad (5-4), has pressure release urceolus (5-5) composition of internal and external threads;
Described manometric module (6) is primarily of the pressure measurement inner core (6-1) with internal and external threads, there is the sensor adapter (6-2) of internal and external threads, pressure transducer (6-3), rhombus copper washer (6-4), has pressure measurement urceolus (6-5) composition of internal and external threads.
2. High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described simulation high temperature fragment (2-1) is a series of stainless steel right cylinders of diameter 5mm ~ 10mm, high 10mm ~ 20mm.
3. High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described light source is the adjustable LED light emitting diode of brightness.
4. High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described high-speed camera instrument is the computer system that image processing software is housed, be positioned at the outside of window assembly (4), taken the response process of propellant powder sample by the cylindrical withstand voltage glass (4-2) aiming at described window assembly (4).
5. High-temperature-fraheat-conduction heat-conduction ignition device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described data acquisition unit (11) is the computer system that multi-channel data acquisition board and specific test and measure software are housed, connect the thermopair on the thermometric screw plug (3-12) of temperature measurement component (3), the pressure transducer simultaneously connected on manometric module (6) can thermometric pressure measurement.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310095484.8A CN103207209B (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2013-03-22 | High-temperature-fragment heat-conduction ignition device |
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| CN201310095484.8A CN103207209B (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2013-03-22 | High-temperature-fragment heat-conduction ignition device |
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| CN103207209B true CN103207209B (en) | 2015-02-11 |
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| CN104020250B (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-01-13 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Device for testing transfiguration burning rate of gun propellant |
| CN109596770B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2021-07-23 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Propellant powder explosion fragment pressure relief combustion stopping device |
| CN111928992A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-13 | 北京理工大学 | Device for testing high-temperature pressure for burning test bomb |
| CN116041125A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-05-02 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Surface-coated Al 12 Mg 17 Powder, preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN1221786C (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2005-10-05 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Method for testing temperature of explosive ignition point |
| CN101382533B (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2011-10-05 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Device for testing powder combustion characteristics in vacuum condition |
| CN101650358B (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2012-12-26 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Gunpowder combustion property test device under pressure reduction condition |
| CN101907426B (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2015-03-25 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Propellant powder variable capacity burning rate testing device |
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Inventor after: Liu Laidong Inventor after: Zhang Heng Inventor after: Zhao Hongli Inventor after: Zhao Baoming Inventor after: Jin Jianwei Inventor after: Chen Xiaoming Inventor after: Yang Lixia Inventor after: Zhang Zouzou Inventor after: Li Xian Inventor before: Liu Donglai Inventor before: Zhang Heng Inventor before: Zhao Hongli Inventor before: Zhao Baoming Inventor before: Jin Jianwei Inventor before: Chen Xiaoming Inventor before: Yang Lixia Inventor before: Zhang Zouzou Inventor before: Li Xian |
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