CN108008062A - Laser ignition combustion chamber is used in a kind of titanium fire experiment - Google Patents
Laser ignition combustion chamber is used in a kind of titanium fire experiment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to titanium alloy applied technical field, is related to a kind of titanium fire experiment laser ignition combustion chamber.The combustion chamber is mainly made of the part such as housing, protecgulum, rear cover, air inlet pipe, exhaust pipe, sample clamp, pressing plate, cooling water pipe, observation window, laser light incident window, gas temperature sensor and gas pressure sensor, while can light test sample within the extremely short time using laser ignition mode;Realize using sealed combustion chamber and close to the air inlet pipe of test sample while adjust and pressure, air temperature and current speed in holding chamber;Watch window is located at directly over sample, convenient to observe combustion case;Cooling structure is equipped with the wall of housing, it is possible to achieve more than 600 DEG C of titanium fire experiment;Sample clamp is fixed using pressing plate, convenient installation.Chamber structure provided by the invention is compact, use cost is low, can carry the flow conditions of high temperature, high pressure and high speed, meets to simulate titanium fire the needs of testing under aero-engine Service Environment reciprocation, has a extensive future.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to titanium alloy applied technical field, is related to a kind of titanium fire experiment laser ignition combustion chamber.
Background technology
Titanium alloy has the security risk burnt in the air-flow environment of aero-engine high temperature, high pressure and high speed, makes
Into titanium fire failure.Titanium fire is played except the U.S., Russia occurred more than 100, the advanced reseach of engine process in China also occurs in recent years
Several titanium fire, titanium burn problem attract great attention.
Titanium fire experiment is that with crucial, high energy rubs the core of titanium burn characteristic in scientific evaluation engine Service Environment
The external energies such as wiping, laser and drop can be used as incendiary source.Wherein, laser is a kind of safe and reliable, clean novel ignition
Technology, has the characteristics that energy density is big, speed of ignition is fast, applies it in titanium fire experiment, it can be achieved that ignition location is controllable
And being capable of the fundamental characteristics that is related to of quantitatively characterizing combustion process.
The U.S. takes the lead in Laser Ignition Processes to be used for engine evaluated titanium fire safety, and in Lai Te-Paterson air force base
Ground and engine works of Pu Hui companies establish titanium fire and test special burner, realize high temperature, high pressure and high-speed flow condition
The combustion test of lower titanium alloy, technical support is provided for the effectively pre- titanium fire preventing of the advanced engine of the types such as F119.However, due to skill
Reason, the China's titanium fire test technology investigations such as art block are still in the starting stage, and existing combustion chamber or device cannot meet advanced
Reseach of engine demand.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in view of the deficiencies of the prior art and gas flow temperature, pressure can be adjusted and keep by providing one kind
With the laser ignition combustion chamber of speed.
The technical scheme is that, there is provided laser ignition combustion chamber is used in a kind of titanium fire experiment, using laser as igniting
Source, the combustion chamber include housing (1), protecgulum (2), rear cover (3), air inlet pipe (4), exhaust pipe (5), sample clamp (6), cooling
Water pipe (8), observation window (9), laser light incident window (10), gas temperature sensor (11) and gas pressure sensor (12);Housing
(1) wall is embedded with cooling water channel (104), and cooling water channel is connected (by welding or screw thread phase with external cooling water pipe (8)
Connection), cooling water is passed through inside cooling water pipe and cooling water channel housing is cooled down, prevent case temperature caused by hot-air
It is excessive;Three openings are provided with housing wall, sample clamp (6), observation window (9) and laser light incident window is fixedly mounted in sealing respectively
(10);
Exterior laser is incided in housing by laser light incident window (10);
Sample clamp (6) is used to sample installation being fixed in housing;
Observation window is used for from hull outside observing samples;
Protecgulum (2) and rear cover (3) are tightly connected with housing (1) both ends respectively, form closed cavity;
Air inlet pipe (4) is connected to protecgulum (2), and air inlet pipe (4) stretches into cavity through protecgulum (2);
Exhaust pipe (5) is connected to protecgulum (2), and exhaust pipe (5) stretches into cavity through rear cover (3);
Gas temperature sensor (11) and pressure sensor (12) stretch into housing (1) cavity by protecgulum (2) respectively, are used for
Measure sample nearby gas temperature and gas pressure.
Further, pressing plate (7) is further included, pressing plate (7) is used to sample clamp being pressed to housing, and pressing plate passes through two
Bolt is threadedly coupled with housing.
Further, air inlet tube end and test sample distance are 20~50mm.So that incident gas can directly spray
To test sample surface.
Further, gas temperature sensor (11) and pressure sensor (12) 10~30mm of distance test sample.Survey
Measure sample nearby gas temperature and gas pressure.
Further, observation window (9) is located at directly over test sample, and observation window (9) is band window cover, using quartz glass
Piece is window, and cover board is bolted on shell nozzle (102), is tightly connected between quartz glass plate and cover board.Equipment is transported
High-speed camera observation intracavitary sample situation, or installation infrared temperature sensor measurement sample can be installed during row directly over observation window
Temperature.
Further, laser light incident window (10) and casing centerline institute are angled is less than 90 °, and laser light incident window is using transmission
Rate is higher than 80% material.So that laser vertical can accurately be irradiated to sample after laser light incident window enters combustion chamber inner cavity
On.
Further, sample clamp (6) includes first clamping plate (601), second clamping plate (602), supporting rod (603), end cap
(604) and handle (605);First clamping plate (601) and second clamping plate (602) are used to clamp sample;First clamping plate (601) and second
Clamping plate (602) is sleeved on supporting rod (603) front end, and can surround supporting rod (603) and rotate to adjust sample and incident air flow
Or the angle between sample and incident laser;Supporting rod (603) rear end is fixedly connected or is integrally formed with end cap (604), end cap
(604) it is used to carry out sealing fixation with shell nozzle, end cap (604) carries handle.
Further, protecgulum (2) has a centre bore, and for welding air inlet pipe (4), there are gas temperature biography in centre bore both sides
There are cooling water pore in sensor (11) mounting hole and gas pressure sensor (12) mounting hole, secondary outer ring, for making cooling water pipe (8)
Pass through, cooling water pipe bore dia is slightly larger than cooling water pipe (8) outside diameter, and there is bolt hole in outer ring, for being fixed to it by bolt
On housing (1), rear cover (3) structure and protecgulum (2) are essentially identical, simply no gas temperature sensor (11) mounting hole and gas
Pressure sensor (12) mounting hole.
Further, the first clamping plate of sample clamp is identical with second clamping plate structure, and head is arc structure, and inside having makes
It is sleeved on the hole on supporting rod, and circular arc extends two intermediate plates, is used to place sample among intermediate plate, there are hole in intermediate plate both sides, are used for
Bolt is penetrated to clamp sample.
The air inlet pipe and exhaust pipe are connected with protecgulum and rear cover respectively by welding method.
The present invention has the following advantages and high-lighting effect:
1) combustion chamber provided by the invention can carry the flow conditions of high temperature, high pressure and high speed, meet simulated engine
The needs of the lower titanium fire experiment of Service Environment effect, while test specimens can be lighted within the extremely short time using laser ignition mode
Product;2) is equipped with cooling structure in the wall of the housing of combustion chamber, substantially increases the temperature resistant capability of equipment, it is possible to achieve 600 DEG C with
On titanium fire experiment;3) the air inlet pipe outlet side of combustion chamber is closer away from test sample, make sample surfaces air velocity approach or
Equal to air inlet pipe air velocity, such a design avoids improves whole cavity interior air-flow speed to reach sample surfaces air velocity
Degree, only need to improve air inlet pipe air velocity, reduce gas flow under the conditions of same air velocity, thereby reduce gas
Body heater power;4) be arranged above observation window in sample, can Real Time Observation record sample combustion process, can also realize and pass through
Infrared temperature sensor measures the firing temperature of sample;5) test sample can surround sample clamp supporting rod and rotate, and can adjust
Sample and incident air flow and the angle of incident laser;6) sample clamp can clamp two or more samples, it can be achieved that multigroup
The burning of sample;7) chamber structure is compact, and easy to operate and cost is relatively low, has wide application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Standard figure of the fiery experiment laser ignition combustion chamber of titanium provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the cut-away view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the housing figure shown in Fig. 1.Fig. 4 is the protecgulum figure shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the sample clamp figure shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is first or second clamping plate front view shown in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is first or second clamping plate top view shown in Fig. 5.
Wherein:1- housings, 2- protecgulums, 3- rear covers, 4- air inlet pipe, 5- exhaust pipes, 6- sample clamps, 7- pressing plates, 8- coolings
Water pipe, 9- observation windows, 10- laser light incidents window, 11- gas temperature sensors, 12- gas pressure sensors, 101- are used to install
The opening of sample clamp, 102- are used for the opening of observation window, 103- is used for the opening of laser light incident window, inside 104- housing walls
Cooling water channel, 601- first clamping plates, 602- second clamping plates, 603- supporting rods, 604- end caps, 605- handles.
Embodiment
The present invention is a kind of fiery experiment laser ignition combustion chamber of titanium, as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, there is provided a kind of titanium fire experiment is used
Laser ignition combustion chamber, includes housing (1), protecgulum (2), rear cover (3), air inlet using laser as incendiary source, the combustion chamber
Manage (4), exhaust pipe (5), sample clamp (6), cooling water pipe (8), observation window (9), laser light incident window (10), gas temperature sensing
Device (11) and gas pressure sensor (12);The wall of housing (1) is embedded with cooling water channel (104), cooling water channel with it is external cold
But water pipe (8) is connected and (is connected by welding or screw thread), and cooling water is passed through to housing inside cooling water pipe and cooling water channel
Cooled down, case temperature caused by preventing hot-air is excessive;Three openings are provided with housing wall, sample is fixedly mounted in sealing respectively
Product fixture (6), observation window (9) and laser light incident window (10);
Exterior laser is incided in housing by laser light incident window (10);
Sample clamp (6) is used to sample installation being fixed in housing;
Observation window is used for from hull outside observing samples;
Protecgulum (2) and rear cover (3) are tightly connected with housing (1) both ends respectively, form closed cavity;
Air inlet pipe (4) is connected to protecgulum (2), and air inlet pipe (4) stretches into cavity through protecgulum (2);
Exhaust pipe (5) is connected to protecgulum (2), and exhaust pipe (5) stretches into cavity through rear cover (3);
Gas temperature sensor (11) and pressure sensor (12) stretch into housing (1) cavity by protecgulum (2) respectively, are used for
Measure sample nearby gas temperature and gas pressure.
Further, pressing plate (7) is further included, pressing plate (7) is used to sample clamp being pressed to housing, and pressing plate passes through two
Bolt is threadedly coupled with housing.
Further, air inlet tube end and test sample distance are 20~50mm.So that incident gas can directly spray
To test sample surface.
Further, gas temperature sensor (11) and pressure sensor (12) 10~30mm of distance test sample.Survey
Measure sample nearby gas temperature and gas pressure.
Further, observation window (9) is located at directly over test sample, and observation window (9) is band window cover, using quartz glass
Piece is window, and cover board is bolted on shell nozzle (102), is tightly connected between quartz glass plate and cover board.Equipment is transported
High-speed camera observation intracavitary sample situation, or installation infrared temperature sensor measurement sample can be installed during row directly over observation window
Temperature.
Further, laser light incident window (10) and casing centerline institute are angled is less than 90 °, and laser light incident window is using transmission
Rate is higher than 80% material.So that laser vertical can accurately be irradiated to sample after laser light incident window enters combustion chamber inner cavity
On.
As shown in figure 5, sample clamp (6) includes first clamping plate (601), second clamping plate (602), supporting rod (603), end cap
(604) and handle (605);First clamping plate (601) and second clamping plate (602) are used to clamp sample;First clamping plate (601) and second
Clamping plate (602) is sleeved on supporting rod (603) front end, and can surround supporting rod (603) and rotate to adjust sample and incident air flow
Or the angle between sample and incident laser;Supporting rod (603) rear end is fixedly connected or is integrally formed with end cap (604), end cap
(604) it is used to carry out sealing fixation with shell nozzle, end cap (604) carries handle.
As shown in figure 4, protecgulum (2) has a centre bore, for welding air inlet pipe (4), there are gas temperature in centre bore both sides
Sensor (11) mounting hole and gas pressure sensor (12) mounting hole, there is cooling water pore in secondary outer ring, for making cooling water pipe
(8) pass through, cooling water pipe bore dia is slightly larger than cooling water pipe (8) outside diameter, and there is bolt hole in outer ring, for fixing it by bolt
Onto housing (1), rear cover (3) structure and protecgulum (2) are essentially identical, and simply no gas temperature sensor (11) mounting hole is gentle
Pressure sensor (12) mounting hole.
As shown in Figure 6,7, the inner splint (601) of sample clamp is identical with external splint (602) structure, and head is circular arc knot
Structure, inside there is the hole for making it be sleeved on supporting rod (603), and circular arc extends two intermediate plates, is used to place sample, intermediate plate among intermediate plate
There are hole in both sides, and sample is clamped for penetrating bolt.
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, housing (1) section for circle, be made of monoblock cast mode, its outer dia for 290mm,
Intracavity diameter is 220mm, and both ends carry connecting flange, flange diameter 360mm, three boss (101), (102), (103) diameter
Respectively 200mm, 120mm and 80mm.Boss (101) installation sample clamp (6), sample clamp are pressed to boss by two pressing plates
(101) on, test sample passes through on inside and outside clamping plate (601) (602) clamping to sample clamp (6).Observation window (9) is by quartz glass
It is made, its a diameter of 88mm, is bolted on the boss (102) of observation window by cover having holes, and equipment is observed when running
High-speed camera observation intracavitary sample situation, or installation infrared temperature sensor measurement sample temperature can be installed directly over window.Swash
Light entrance window (10) is located in front of observation window (9), is made of zinc selenide, its a diameter of 32mm, is consolidated by cover having holes by bolt
Surely arrive on the boss (103) of observation window, its center line and housing axis angle at 45 °, laser vertical enter in by laser light incident window
In test cavity, test sample surface is irradiated to.Protecgulum (2) and rear cover (3) structure are essentially identical, and diameter is 360mm, is passed through
It is bolted on housing (1) flange, and has sealing ring sealing between housing (1).Air inlet pipe (4) and exhaust pipe (5) diameter
Respectively 40mm and 100mm, is respectively fixed on protecgulum (2) and rear cover (3) by welding method.Air inlet pipe (4) end is away from sample
Product 20mm, so that incident gas can be directly injected to test sample surface.Gas temperature sensor (11) and gas pressure pass
Sensor (12) is threaded onto on protecgulum (2) by sealing, measures sample nearby gas temperature and pressure respectively.Housing (1)
There are 10 a diameter of 10mm cooling water channels (104) in wall, cooling water pipe (8) is welded on cooling water channel (104), through protecgulum
(2) and rear cover (3) cooling water pore.During experiment, cooling water pipe (8) is passed through cooling water and ensures to cool down device first,
Air inlet pipe (4) is passed through high temperature and high pressure gas and enters cavity, is ejected into sample surfaces, adjusts exhaust valve, treats cavity temperature, pressure
By force, after air velocity is stablized, laser enters from laser light incident window (10) is irradiated to sample front portion, sample is rapidly heated and reaches
Light, high-speed camera observation intracavitary sample situation, gas temperature sensor (11) and gas pressure are installed above observation window (9)
Force snesor (12) measures sample nearby gas temperature and pressure respectively.
Embodiment 2
Housing (1) cross sectional shape is rectangle, is made of four blocks of plates welding with cooling water channel (104), three boss
(101), (102), (103) are connected on housing (1) by welding method, and boss (102) and boss (103) are arranged in upward
Simultaneously, opening (101) is arranged in side, so that the observation window (9) in opening (102) is located at the surface of test sample, opening
(103) the laser light incident window (10) on is located at the oblique upper of test sample, and observation window (9) material is quartz glass, laser light incident
Window (10) material is zinc selenide, and observation window (9) and laser light incident window (10) are equipped with sealing ring between shell nozzle, prevent high temperature
High pressure gas leakage.Opening (103) is in tilted layout, and enables just to be irradiated to perpendicular to the laser that laser light incident window (10) is injected
Test sample surface.Sample clamp (6) is installed in opening (101), is pressed to by pressing plate on shell nozzle, sample clamp
(6) sealing ring is equipped between end cap (604) and opening (101).Air inlet pipe (4) and protecgulum (2), exhaust pipe (5) and rear cover (3) are equal
One entirety is manufactured as using turning processing method, protecgulum (2) and rear cover (3) are connected using welding method with housing (1).
Air inlet pipe (4) is extend into housing chamber, close to test sample, so that incident gas can be directly injected to test sample surface,
Sample surfaces air velocity is set to be close or equal to incident air flow speed.Gas temperature sensor (11) and gas pressure sensor
(12) side of the housing (1) relative to opening (101) is arranged in, is threadedly coupled with housing (1) by sealing.Cooling water pipe (8)
It is welded on cooling water channel (104).During experiment, cooling water pipe (8) is passed through cooling water and ensures to cool down device first, air inlet
Pipe (4) is passed through high temperature and high pressure gas and enters cavity, is ejected into sample surfaces, adjusting exhaust valve, treat cavity temperature, pressure,
After air velocity is stablized, laser enters from laser light incident window (10) is irradiated to sample front portion, sample is rapidly heated and reaches a little
Combustion, observation window (9) top are provided with high-speed camera observation intracavitary sample situation, gas temperature sensor (11) and gas pressure
Sensor (12) measures sample nearby gas temperature and pressure respectively.
Claims (8)
1. laser ignition combustion chamber use in a kind of fire experiment of titanium, using laser as incendiary source, the combustion chamber including housing (1),
Protecgulum (2), rear cover (3), air inlet pipe (4), exhaust pipe (5), sample clamp (6), cooling water pipe (8), observation window (9), laser enter
Penetrate window (10), gas temperature sensor (11) and gas pressure sensor (12);The wall of housing (1) is embedded with cooling water channel
(104), cooling water channel is connected with external cooling water pipe (8) and (is connected by welding or screw thread), cooling water pipe and cooling
It is passed through cooling water inside water channel to cool down housing, case temperature caused by preventing hot-air is excessive;Three are provided with housing wall
Sample clamp (6), observation window (9) and laser light incident window (10) is fixedly mounted in a opening, respectively sealing;
Exterior laser is incided in housing by laser light incident window (10);
Sample clamp (6) is used to sample installation being fixed in housing;
Observation window is used for from hull outside observing samples;
Protecgulum (2) and rear cover (3) are tightly connected with housing (1) both ends respectively, form closed cavity;
Air inlet pipe (4) is connected to protecgulum (2), and air inlet pipe (4) stretches into cavity through protecgulum (2);
Exhaust pipe (5) is connected to protecgulum (2), and exhaust pipe (5) stretches into cavity through rear cover (3);
Gas temperature sensor (11) and pressure sensor (12) stretch into housing (1) cavity by protecgulum (2) respectively, for measuring
Gas temperature and gas pressure near sample.
2. laser ignition combustion chamber is used in a kind of titanium fire experiment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Pressing plate (7) is further included,
Pressing plate (7) is used to sample clamp being pressed to housing, and pressing plate is threadedly coupled by two bolts with housing.
3. laser ignition combustion chamber is used in a kind of titanium fire experiment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:Air inlet tube end
It is 20~50mm with test sample distance.
4. laser ignition combustion chamber is used in a kind of titanium fire experiment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:Gas temperature passes
Sensor (11) and pressure sensor (12) 10~30mm of distance test sample.
5. laser ignition combustion chamber is used in a kind of titanium fire experiment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:Observation window (9) position
Directly over test sample, observation window (9) is band window cover, and using quartz glass plate, cover board is bolted shell for window
In body opening (102), it is tightly connected between quartz glass plate and cover board.
6. laser ignition combustion chamber is used in a kind of titanium fire experiment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:Laser light incident window
(10) with casing centerline institute is angled is less than 90 °, laser light incident window is higher than 80% material using transmissivity.
7. laser ignition combustion chamber is used in a kind of titanium fire experiment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:Sample clamp (6)
Including first clamping plate (601), second clamping plate (602), supporting rod (603), end cap (604) and handle (605);First clamping plate
(601) and second clamping plate (602) is used to clamp sample;First clamping plate (601) and second clamping plate (602) are sleeved on supporting rod
(603) front end, and supporting rod (603) can be surrounded and rotated to adjust the folder between sample and incident air flow or sample and incident laser
Angle;Supporting rod (603) rear end is fixedly connected or is integrally formed with end cap (604), and end cap (604) is used to carry out with shell nozzle close
Sealing is determined, and end cap (604) carries handle.
8. laser ignition combustion chamber is used in a kind of titanium fire experiment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:Protecgulum (2) has
One centre bore, for welding air inlet pipe (4), there are the gentle pressure sensing body of gas temperature sensor (11) mounting hole in centre bore both sides
There are cooling water pore in device (12) mounting hole, secondary outer ring, and for passing through cooling water pipe (8), cooling water pipe bore dia is slightly larger than cold
But there are bolt hole in water pipe (8) outside diameter, outer ring, for making it be fixed to housing (1), rear cover (3) structure and protecgulum by bolt
(2) it is essentially identical, it is no gas temperature sensor (11) mounting hole and gas pressure sensor (12) mounting hole.
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