CN113624923A - High-temperature hot oil-fire standard experimental device and fire extinguishing performance evaluation method - Google Patents
High-temperature hot oil-fire standard experimental device and fire extinguishing performance evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature hot oil-fire standard experimental device and a fire extinguishing performance evaluation method, wherein the high-temperature hot oil-fire standard experimental device comprises an oil tank, an electric heating system, a temperature acquisition system, a fire-fighting pipeline and a spray head; the system also comprises a video acquisition system and a safety guarantee system; the combustion area of the oil tank is not smaller than the cross section of the sleeve lifting seat of the large oil-immersed transformer, and the height of the oil tank is not smaller than the height of the sleeve lifting seat; the fire extinguishing performance is evaluated by extinguishing the open fire time and the condition caused by the hot oil boiling-over fire in the fire extinguishing process. The invention provides a high-temperature hot oil fire standard experimental device and a fire extinguishing performance evaluation method which are low in experimental cost, strong in repeatability, safe and reliable, can simulate high-temperature hot oil fires of large oil-immersed transformers at different temperatures, observe and record the phenomena of boiling overflow, splashing and flame change of the high-temperature hot oil in real time, can be widely used for developing the characteristics of the high-temperature hot oil fires of different types of oil products, and can evaluate the fire extinguishing performance of various types of fire extinguishing media on the high-temperature hot oil fire in a contrast manner.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire suppression of large oil immersed transformers, in particular to a high-temperature hot oil fire standard experimental device and a fire extinguishing performance evaluation method.
Background
In recent years, along with the rapid development of economic society of China, the electricity demand of residents is continuously improved, and a batch of high-voltage and ultra-high power transmission projects and tens of thousands of large-scale oil-immersed transformers of more than 220kV emerge. Particularly in the aspect of the ultra-high voltage direct current transmission technology, more than 10 ultra-high voltage direct current transmission projects are established in China first in the world, the ultra-high voltage direct current transmission projects are the countries with the most operation direct current transmission projects and the most comprehensive application of the direct current transmission technology in the world, and the Chinese creation and the Chinese leading are realized in the field of the ultra-high voltage direct current transmission. The ultra-high voltage direct current transmission technology becomes an important support for development strategy in China. However, while a large number of large oil-immersed transformers are put into use, the development of fire prevention and control technology is far behind the actual demand. The large-scale oil immersed transformer has large scale, large oil storage capacity and high operation temperature, the oil storage capacity of the large-scale oil immersed transformer above 220kV can reach 50 t-130 t, particularly the length of an oil tank of an ultra-high voltage converter transformer can reach 12m, the scale and the oil storage capacity of the large-scale oil immersed transformer far exceed those of a conventional oil immersed transformer, the large-scale oil immersed transformer has high operation temperature and large heat, once a fire disaster happens, high-temperature hot oil fire and large-area flowing fire are easily formed, the fire extinguishing is very difficult, and the conventional fire extinguishing technology and equipment can not completely meet the fire extinguishing requirement of the large-scale oil immersed transformer. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop research on the fire characteristics of high-temperature hot oil and research and development of novel fire extinguishing technologies and equipment.
The entity fire experiment is an important means for verifying the effectiveness of a novel fire extinguishing technology and equipment, but because a large oil immersed transformer is large in size, large in oil storage capacity, high in operating temperature, strong in fire outburst and large in destructiveness, the entity fire model is difficult to build, extremely high-temperature hot oil fire under the unfavorable condition of fire extinguishment is difficult to achieve, and the experiment cost is high, the risk is large, and the repeatability is not enough. Therefore, a high-temperature hot oil fire standard experimental device and a fire extinguishing performance evaluation method which can simulate a large-scale oil immersed transformer high-temperature hot oil fire, have strong repeatability and can evaluate the fire extinguishing performance of various fire extinguishing systems are urgently needed, and supports are provided for deeply developing the hot oil burning boiling overflow mechanism and fire extinguishing technology research of the oil immersed transformer, exploring hot oil boiling overflow boundary conditions at different temperatures, disclosing the interaction mechanism of different fire extinguishing media and the transformer hot oil fire, and developing high-efficiency fire extinguishing technology and equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the current situation, the invention aims to provide a high-temperature hot oil fire standard experimental device and a fire extinguishing performance evaluation method which are low in experimental cost, strong in repeatability, safe and reliable, can simulate high-temperature hot oil fires of large oil-immersed transformers at different temperatures, observe and record the phenomena of boiling overflow, splashing and flame change of high-temperature hot oil in real time, can be widely used for researching the high-temperature hot oil fire characteristics of different types of oil products, and can evaluate the fire extinguishing performance of various types of fire extinguishing media on high-temperature hot oil fires in a contrast manner.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a high-temperature hot oil-fire standard experimental device comprises an oil tank, an electric heating system, a temperature acquisition system, a fire-fighting pipeline and a spray head; the system also comprises a video acquisition system and a safety guarantee system; the combustion area of the oil tank is not smaller than the cross section of the sleeve lifting seat of the large oil-immersed transformer, and the height of the oil tank is not smaller than the height of the sleeve lifting seat;
the video acquisition system comprises a camera, a camera protection device with air circulation, a plurality of observation windows arranged on an oil tank and a video recorder; a plurality of cameras are arranged above the oil tank and in front of each observation window, so that the internal condition of the oil tank, the condition of the whole experiment area and the boiling overflow phenomenon of transformer oil in the oil tank are shot in real time; the camera is connected with the video recorder through a wire;
the safety guarantee system includes accident oil bath, cobblestone fire barrier, high temperature resistant wind-proof fender that encloses, accident oil bath and cobblestone fire barrier set up in the oil tank below, cobblestone fire barrier sets up in accident oil bath top, high temperature resistant wind-proof fender setting is around the oil tank.
Furthermore, the camera protection device with air circulation comprises a heat insulation protective cover arranged around the camera, wherein the heat insulation protective cover is communicated with an air inlet pipe of the air compressor and is provided with an exhaust hole; a thermocouple is arranged in the heat insulation cover, and the thermocouple and the air compressor are connected with a control cabinet.
Furthermore, the electric heating system comprises electric heating rods, a control cabinet and a temperature controller, wherein the electric heating rods are uniformly arranged at the lower part in the oil tank, are connected with the control cabinet and the temperature controller through cables, preset the target temperature of the oil product, and then automatically heat the oil product.
Furthermore, the temperature acquisition system comprises thermocouples, a data acquisition system and a thermal infrared imager, wherein the thermocouples are arranged in the oil tank, different positions of the tank wall and right above the tank wall and in the accident oil pool and are connected to the data acquisition system; the data acquisition system adopts a multi-channel data acquisition unit; the thermal infrared imager shoots and records the temperature change conditions in and around the oil tank at an overlooking angle.
Furthermore, the observation window is made of thickened high-temperature-resistant high-transmittance quartz glass, and a high-temperature-resistant rubber pad is used for sealing between the quartz glass and the oil tank; the camera adopts high definition wide angle camera.
Furthermore, the fire-fighting pipeline adopts a steel metal pipeline, and different nozzles are selected according to different fire-fighting systems.
Further, the cobblestone separates the fire layer thickness and is not less than 250mm, and the cobblestone diameter is 50mm ~ 80mm, accident oil pool volume is 2 ~ 10 times of oil tank volume, high temperature resistant prevent wind to enclose to keep off and set up around the oil tank or three at least faces, and high temperature resistant prevent wind to enclose to keep off the distance to the oil tank wall and be 1 ~ 5 m.
Furthermore, the oil tank is made of steel materials, and a heat insulation layer is arranged outside the oil tank.
The invention also provides a fire extinguishing performance evaluation method of the high-temperature hot oil fire, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparation of the experiment: debugging the fire extinguishing system through a cold spraying experiment to ensure that the fire extinguishing system is in a good running state and is adjusted to parameters required by the current experiment; debugging the electric heating system, the temperature acquisition system and the video acquisition system for standby; debugging the standby fire extinguishing device to enter a standby state; thoroughly cleaning an oil tank and a safety guarantee system;
(2) oil product filling: filling oil with the height of 1/3-4/5 oil tanks into the oil tanks, wherein the oil is insulating oil for an actual transformer, and the specific oil level height is mainly determined by a target temperature and the thermal expansion coefficient of the oil so as to ensure that the oil does not overflow;
(3) preheating an oil product: respectively starting the electric heating system, the temperature acquisition system and the video acquisition system, preheating the oil product in the oil tank, and acquiring and recording the oil temperature at different positions and the boiling overflow and splashing change conditions of the oil product in real time in the heating process;
(4) ignition and precombustion: when the oil temperature rises to the target temperature, manual ignition or spontaneous combustion of oil products occurs, timing is started, and combustion is continued for a period of time until stable combustion is achieved;
(5) starting a fire extinguishing system: after the pre-burning is finished, starting a fire extinguishing system to extinguish the fire until the fire is completely extinguished, and reducing the temperature to be below 100 ℃, wherein the change conditions of parameters such as fire extinguishing time, flame shape, smoke, temperature and the like in the fire extinguishing process, the spraying and covering conditions of fire extinguishing medium and fire extinguishing effect control are recorded;
(6) starting a standby fire extinguishing device: once the fire extinguishment fails or the fire out-of-control phenomenon occurs in the fire extinguishment process, the fire extinguishment system is stopped immediately, and the standby fire extinguishing device is started to extinguish the fire in time;
(7) cleaning experimental equipment: after the experiment is finished, after the transformer oil is cooled to normal temperature, processing the residual transformer oil, cleaning a fire pipeline, an oil tank and an accident oil pool, and preparing for the next experiment;
(8) and (3) evaluating the fire extinguishing performance: the phenomena of high-temperature hot oil boiling over, splashing and flame change are analyzed through image and data recording in the experimental process, and the fire extinguishing performance is evaluated through extinguishing the open fire time and the conditions of the hot oil boiling over fire in the fire extinguishing process.
Further, the step (8) specifically comprises: the fire extinguishing system is started to extinguish the open fire within 5min, and the hot oil boiling fire is not caused in the fire extinguishing process, the fire extinguishing is judged to be successful, and the fire extinguishing medium is evaluated to be suitable for extinguishing the high-temperature hot oil fire; if the fire extinguishing system is not started to extinguish the open fire within 5min and a hot oil boiling fire occurs in the fire extinguishing process, the fire extinguishing system is judged to be failed to extinguish the fire, and the fire extinguishing medium is evaluated to be not suitable for extinguishing high-temperature hot oil fire; if the fire extinguishing system is started within 5min without extinguishing open fire and no boil-over fire is caused in the fire extinguishing process, the flow or supply intensity of the fire extinguishing system is increased, and the experiment is carried out again.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the high-temperature hot oil fire standard experimental device provided by the invention has the advantages that the combustion area is not smaller than the cross section size of the high fire-generating part of the large oil-immersed transformer, the hot oil fire scale of the typical high fire-generating part of the large oil-immersed transformer is reflected, an electric heating system and a temperature acquisition system are adopted, high-temperature hot oil fires with different temperatures can be simulated, the outstanding characteristics of low experimental cost and strong repeatability are achieved, and the fire extinguishing performance of various types of fire extinguishing media on high-temperature hot oil fires can be contrastingly evaluated;
(2) the high-temperature hot oil fire standard experimental device provided by the invention adopts a visual video acquisition system, can observe and record the boiling overflow, splashing and flame change phenomena of the high-temperature hot oil in and around the oil tank in a short distance in real time, and can be widely used for researching the fire characteristics of the high-temperature hot oil of different types of oil products;
(3) the high-temperature hot oil fire standard experimental device provided by the invention adopts an accident oil pool, a cobblestone fire-insulating layer, a high-temperature-resistant wind-proof enclosure and a multiple safety guarantee system of a duty fire-extinguishing device, realizes hot oil fire characteristics and fire-extinguishing test research under an extreme high-temperature condition, can reduce safety risks such as high-temperature hot oil boiling over, splashing, flowing fire and explosion to the maximum extent, ensures that the experimental device can be repeatedly used, and guarantees the safety of testers;
(4) the invention has the obvious characteristics of low experimental cost, strong repeatability, safety and reliability, can be used for researching the combustion, boiling overflow and splashing phenomena of different oil products at different temperatures, exploring the influence rule of the boiling overflow of the hot oil on the oil product type, the initial oil temperature, the combustion time, the wall temperature of an oil tank and the like, can be used as a standard experimental device and an evaluation method for evaluating and analyzing the fire extinguishing effectiveness of different types of fire extinguishing media on the high-temperature hot oil fire, screens the fire extinguishing media suitable for extinguishing the hot oil fire, explores and researches the fire extinguishing mechanism of extinguishing the hot oil fire by different fire extinguishing media, and provides a scientific experimental means for solving the problem of extinguishing the hot oil fire of large-scale oil-immersed transformers, petrochemical industry high-temperature heavy oil tanks and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fuel tank according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a camera and a camera protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a high-temperature hot oil fire according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein:
1. an oil tank; 2. an observation window; 3. an electrical heating rod; 4. a thermocouple; 5. a thermocouple support; 6. a fire conduit; 7. a spray head; 8. a heat-insulating protective cover; 9. a high temperature resistant metal frame; 10. a cobblestone fire barrier; 11. an accident oil pool; 12. a camera; 13. an air compressor; 14. an air inlet pipe; 15. and (4) exhausting holes.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the present invention, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the following examples, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The high-temperature hot oil-fire standard experimental device provided by the invention comprises an oil tank, an electric heating system, a video acquisition system, a temperature acquisition system, a fire-fighting pipeline, a spray head and a safety guarantee system. As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the device specifically comprises an oil tank 1, an observation window 2, an electric heating rod 3, a thermocouple 4, a thermocouple support 5, a fire fighting pipeline 6, a spray head 7, a heat insulation protective cover 8, a high temperature resistant metal frame 9, a cobblestone fire insulation layer 10, an accident oil pool 11, a camera 12, an air compressor 13 and an air inlet pipe; 14. exhaust holes 15, etc.
The oil tank 1 is made of steel materials, the combustion area of the oil tank is not smaller than the size of the cross section of the sleeve lifting seat at the high fire position of the large oil-immersed transformer, the height of the oil tank 1 is not smaller than the height of the sleeve lifting seat, and a heat insulation layer is arranged outside the oil tank 1. In the embodiment, the length, width and height of the oil tank 1 are 1.0m × 1.0m × 1.0m, the oil tank is made of steel plates with the wall thickness of 10mm, and the periphery of the oil tank is reinforced by square steel.
The electric heating system comprises electric heating rods 3, a control cabinet and a temperature controller, wherein the electric heating rods 3 are uniformly arranged in an oil tank 1 and lean on the lower part, the distances from the bottom to the bottom are respectively 100mm and 300mm, the total number of the electric heating rods is 12, the power of each electric heating rod is 8kW, the total power of the electric heating rods is 96kW, the electric heating rods are connected with the control cabinet and the temperature controller through cables, the target temperature of an oil product can be preset through the temperature controller, then the electric heating rods are automatically heated, and the target temperature is kept to be +/-1 ℃.
The video acquisition system comprises observation windows 2 arranged on the side wall and the bottom of an oil tank 1, cameras 12 and a video recorder, wherein the cameras 12 are provided with camera protection devices with air circulation, 1 high-definition camera 12 is arranged in front of each observation window, 2 cameras 12 are symmetrically arranged above the oil tank 1 to shoot the internal condition of the oil tank 1 and the condition of the whole test area in real time, the observation windows 2 are made of thickened high-temperature-resistant high-transmittance quartz glass, and a high-temperature-resistant rubber gasket is arranged between the quartz glass and the oil tank 1 for sealing; the camera 12 is connected with the video recorder through an electric wire, the thickness of the quartz glass is 6mm, the camera 12 adopts a variable-focus high-definition wide-angle camera to shoot, and the boiling-over phenomenon of the transformer oil in the oil tank 1 can be shot in real time.
The temperature acquisition system comprises a thermocouple 4, a data acquisition system and a thermal infrared imager, wherein the thermocouple adopts
The K-type thermocouples are arranged in an oil tank, different positions of the tank wall and the right upper side of the tank wall and the inside of an accident oil pool through thermocouple supports 5, specifically, 1 thermocouple 4 is respectively arranged at positions 200mm, 600mm, 800mm, 1000mm, 1200mm and 1500mm away from the bottom of the oil tank, 1 thermocouple 4 is respectively arranged in the middle and at two sides of a position 400mm away from the bottom of the oil tank, 1 thermocouple 4 is respectively arranged at positions 400mm and 800mm away from the bottom of the outer wall of the oil tank, 1 thermocouple 4 is respectively arranged at the central position and the edge position in the accident oil pool, 14 thermocouples 4 are totally arranged, the data acquisition system adopts a TP1000 multichannel data acquisition device, and the thermal infrared imager shoots and records the temperature change conditions in and around the oil tank at an overlooking angle.
The fire fighting pipeline 6 is a steel metal pipeline, and the nozzles 7 at least comprise nozzles for fire extinguishing systems such as compressed air foam, low-power foam, water spray, foam spray, water mist and superfine dry powder, and different nozzles are selected for use according to different fire extinguishing systems.
The safety guarantee system include accident oil bath 11, cobblestone fire barrier 10, high temperature resistant prevent wind enclose fender and prepare duty extinguishing device, cobblestone fire barrier 10 sets up in accident oil bath top, and thickness should not be less than 250mm, and cobblestone diameter is 50mm ~ 80mm, accident oil bath 11 volume is 2 ~ 10 times of oil tank 1 volume, high temperature resistant prevent wind enclose the fender setting around the oil tank or at least three (not drawn in the picture), high temperature resistant prevent wind enclose to erect on high temperature resistant metal frame 9, the distance to the oil tank wall is 1 ~ 5m to reduce the influence of environmental wind to fire characteristics and fire extinguishing assessment test, guarantee experimental repeatability and data reliability, the safety guarantee system can furthest reduce safety risks such as high temperature hot oil boils over, splashes, trickles conflagration and explosion, guarantee test equipment and personnel safety.
The invention relates to a high-temperature hot oil-fire standard experimental device and a fire extinguishing performance evaluation method, which are characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) test preparation. Debugging the fire extinguishing system through a cold spray test to ensure that the fire extinguishing system is in a good running state and is adjusted to parameters required by the current test; debugging the electric heating system and the temperature and video acquisition system for standby; debugging the standby fire extinguishing device to enter a standby state; and an oil tank and an accident oil pool are thoroughly cleaned.
(2) And (4) adding oil products. And filling oil products with the height of 1/3-4/5 oil tanks into the oil tanks, wherein the oil products adopt insulating oil for practical transformers, and the specific oil level height is mainly determined by the target temperature and the thermal expansion coefficient of the oil products so as to ensure that the oil products do not overflow.
(3) Preheating the oil product. The electric heating system, the temperature acquisition system and the video acquisition system are respectively started to preheat the oil in the oil tank, and the oil temperature at different positions and the boiling overflow and splashing change conditions of the oil are acquired and recorded in real time through videos in the heating process.
(4) Igniting and pre-burning. When the temperature of the oil rises to a target temperature, manual ignition or spontaneous combustion of the oil product occurs, timing is started, and combustion is continued for a period of time until stable combustion is achieved, for example, the pre-combustion time of the KI25 transformer oil is 1-3 min.
(5) The fire suppression system is started. After the pre-burning is finished, starting a fire extinguishing system to extinguish fire until the fire is completely extinguished, and reducing the temperature to be below 100 ℃, wherein the change conditions of parameters such as fire extinguishing time, flame shape, smoke, temperature and the like in the fire extinguishing process, the spraying and covering conditions of fire extinguishing medium and fire extinguishing effect control are noticed and recorded.
(6) Starting the standby fire extinguishing device. Once the fire extinguishment fails or the fire out-of-control phenomenon occurs in the fire extinguishment process, the fire extinguishing system is immediately stopped, and the standby fire extinguishing device is started to extinguish the fire in time.
(7) And (6) cleaning the test equipment. After the test is finished, after the transformer oil is cooled to normal temperature, the residual transformer oil is treated, the fire-fighting pipeline, the oil tank and the accident oil pool are cleaned, and the next test is prepared.
(8) And (4) evaluating the fire extinguishing performance. Analyzing the phenomena of boiling over, splashing and flame change of high-temperature hot oil through images and data records in the experimental process, and evaluating the fire extinguishing performance through an analysis result; the fire extinguishing system is started to extinguish the open fire within 5min, and the hot oil boiling fire is not caused in the fire extinguishing process, the fire extinguishing is judged to be successful, and the fire extinguishing medium is evaluated to be suitable for extinguishing the high-temperature hot oil fire; if the fire extinguishing system is not started to extinguish the open fire within 5min and a hot oil boiling fire occurs in the fire extinguishing process, the fire extinguishing system is judged to be failed to extinguish the fire, and the fire extinguishing medium is evaluated to be not suitable for extinguishing high-temperature hot oil fire; if the fire extinguishing system is started within 5min without extinguishing open fire and no boil-over fire is caused in the fire extinguishing process, the flow or supply intensity of the fire extinguishing system is increased, and the test is carried out again.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A high-temperature hot oil-fire standard experimental device comprises an oil tank, an electric heating system, a temperature acquisition system, a fire-fighting pipeline and a spray head; the system is characterized by also comprising a video acquisition system and a safety guarantee system; the combustion area of the oil tank is not smaller than the cross section of the sleeve lifting seat of the large oil-immersed transformer, and the height of the oil tank is not smaller than the height of the sleeve lifting seat;
the video acquisition system comprises a camera, a camera protection device with air circulation, a plurality of observation windows arranged on an oil tank and a video recorder; a plurality of cameras are arranged above the oil tank and in front of each observation window, so that the internal condition of the oil tank, the condition of the whole experiment area and the boiling overflow phenomenon of transformer oil in the oil tank are shot in real time; the camera is connected with the video recorder through a wire;
the safety guarantee system includes accident oil bath, cobblestone fire barrier, high temperature resistant wind-proof fender that encloses, accident oil bath and cobblestone fire barrier set up in the oil tank below, cobblestone fire barrier sets up in accident oil bath top, high temperature resistant wind-proof fender setting is around the oil tank.
2. The high-temperature hot oil-fire standard experiment device is characterized in that the camera protection device with the air circulation function comprises a heat-insulation protective cover arranged around the camera, the heat-insulation protective cover is communicated with an air inlet pipe of an air compressor and is provided with an exhaust hole; a thermocouple is arranged in the heat insulation cover, and the thermocouple and the air compressor are connected with a control cabinet.
3. A high-temperature hot oil fire standard experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electric heating system comprises electric heating rods, a control cabinet and a temperature controller, the electric heating rods are uniformly arranged at the lower part in the oil tank and are connected with the control cabinet and the temperature controller through cables, the target temperature of the oil product is preset, and then the heating is automatically carried out.
4. A high-temperature hot oil-fire standard experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature acquisition system comprises thermocouples, a data acquisition system and a thermal infrared imager, the thermocouples are arranged in the oil tank, different positions of the tank wall and right above and in the accident oil pool and are connected to the data acquisition system; the data acquisition system adopts a multi-channel data acquisition unit; the thermal infrared imager shoots and records the temperature change conditions in and around the oil tank at an overlooking angle.
5. The high-temperature hot oil-fire standard experiment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the observation window is made of thickened high-temperature-resistant high-transmittance quartz glass, and a high-temperature-resistant rubber gasket is used for sealing between the quartz glass and the oil tank; the camera adopts high definition wide angle camera.
6. A high-temperature hot oil fire standard experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fire fighting pipeline is a steel metal pipeline, and the spray heads are different according to different fire fighting systems.
7. A high-temperature hot oil fire standard experiment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the cobblestone fire barrier layer is not less than 250mm, the diameter of the cobblestone is 50 mm-80 mm, the volume of the accident oil pool is 2-10 times of the volume of the oil tank, the high-temperature resistant wind-proof barrier is arranged around the oil tank or at least three surfaces of the oil tank, and the distance from the high-temperature resistant wind-proof barrier to the wall of the oil tank is 1-5 m.
8. A high-temperature hot oil-fire standard experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oil tank is made of steel, and an insulating layer is arranged outside the oil tank.
9. A method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of high-temperature hot oil fire is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of the experiment: debugging the fire extinguishing system through a cold spraying experiment to ensure that the fire extinguishing system is in a good running state and is adjusted to parameters required by the current experiment; debugging the electric heating system, the temperature acquisition system and the video acquisition system for standby; debugging the standby fire extinguishing device to enter a standby state; thoroughly cleaning an oil tank and a safety guarantee system;
(2) oil product filling: filling oil with the height of 1/3-4/5 oil tanks into the oil tanks, wherein the oil is insulating oil for an actual transformer, and the specific oil level height is mainly determined by a target temperature and the thermal expansion coefficient of the oil so as to ensure that the oil does not overflow;
(3) preheating an oil product: respectively starting the electric heating system, the temperature acquisition system and the video acquisition system, preheating the oil product in the oil tank, and acquiring and recording the oil temperature at different positions and the boiling overflow and splashing change conditions of the oil product in real time in the heating process;
(4) ignition and precombustion: when the oil temperature rises to the target temperature, manual ignition or spontaneous combustion of oil products occurs, timing is started, and combustion is continued for a period of time until stable combustion is achieved;
(5) starting a fire extinguishing system: after the pre-burning is finished, starting a fire extinguishing system to extinguish the fire until the fire is completely extinguished, and reducing the temperature to be below 100 ℃, wherein the change conditions of parameters such as fire extinguishing time, flame shape, smoke, temperature and the like in the fire extinguishing process, the spraying and covering conditions of fire extinguishing medium and fire extinguishing effect control are recorded;
(6) starting a standby fire extinguishing device: once the fire extinguishment fails or the fire out-of-control phenomenon occurs in the fire extinguishment process, the fire extinguishment system is stopped immediately, and the standby fire extinguishing device is started to extinguish the fire in time;
(7) cleaning experimental equipment: after the experiment is finished, after the transformer oil is cooled to normal temperature, processing the residual transformer oil, cleaning a fire pipeline, an oil tank and an accident oil pool, and preparing for the next experiment;
(8) and (3) evaluating the fire extinguishing performance: the phenomena of high-temperature hot oil boiling over, splashing and flame change are analyzed through image and data recording in the experimental process, and the fire extinguishing performance is evaluated through extinguishing the open fire time and the conditions of the hot oil boiling over fire in the fire extinguishing process.
10. The method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a high-temperature hot oil fire according to claim 9, wherein the step (8) specifically comprises: the fire extinguishing system is started to extinguish the open fire within 5min, and the hot oil boiling fire is not caused in the fire extinguishing process, the fire extinguishing is judged to be successful, and the fire extinguishing medium is evaluated to be suitable for extinguishing the high-temperature hot oil fire; if the fire extinguishing system is not started to extinguish the open fire within 5min and a hot oil boiling fire occurs in the fire extinguishing process, the fire extinguishing system is judged to be failed to extinguish the fire, and the fire extinguishing medium is evaluated to be not suitable for extinguishing high-temperature hot oil fire; if the fire extinguishing system is started within 5min without extinguishing open fire and no boil-over fire is caused in the fire extinguishing process, the flow or supply intensity of the fire extinguishing system is increased, and the experiment is carried out again.
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