CN112710774A - Oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device - Google Patents
Oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112710774A CN112710774A CN202011630917.1A CN202011630917A CN112710774A CN 112710774 A CN112710774 A CN 112710774A CN 202011630917 A CN202011630917 A CN 202011630917A CN 112710774 A CN112710774 A CN 112710774A
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- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/12—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
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Abstract
The invention provides an oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device, which belongs to the field of fire and fire safety and comprises a support frame and a simulation tank, wherein the simulation tank is arranged on the support frame, is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the upper end and is used as a combustion boiling-over area, and is arranged on a weighing platform; a thermocouple sensor is arranged in the simulation tank and used for collecting temperature parameters of the simulation tank; the ignition assembly realizes automatic ignition and automatic flameout; and the camera records the conditions in the simulation tank. The method can truly reduce the boiling-over fire generation process, can develop small-scale and medium-scale oil boiling-over fire simulation experiments, study the influence rules of factors such as oil characteristics, thickness, oil-water mixing ratio and the like on boiling-over combustion characteristic parameters, boiling-over generation time and boiling-over intensity under different scales, establish a theoretical prediction model of the boiling-over generation time and the boiling-over intensity, provide critical boiling-over fire judgment conditions, and further study the oil boiling-over fire splashing early warning technology on the basis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fire and fire safety, relates to a fire simulation device, and particularly relates to an oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device.
Background
The boiling-over fire is a specific fire manifestation form of a crude oil storage tank, and sudden changes of sudden and obvious flame increase, enhanced heat radiation and liquid boiling-over splashing can occur, so that effective fire fighting and disposal are difficult. More importantly, the occurrence of the boil-over fire can not be accurately predicted in practical situations, and the life safety of rescuers is threatened. Therefore, the research on the combustion mechanism and the occurrence critical judgment condition of the boiling-over fire and the research on the prediction early warning technology are common research targets of scholars at home and abroad, and can provide technical support for scientific fire rescue and timely disaster avoidance.
In the prior art, because of the limitation of experimental conditions, oil boiling-over fire simulation experiments are usually carried out through a scale-down experimental device, boiling-over combustion characteristic mechanism researches based on small-scale experiments (50-300mm) are mostly concentrated, and related boiling-over prediction strength and time prediction models are constructed, but due to the difference of fuel types, experimental environments and experimental scales, the existing prediction models are poor in applicability and the boiling-over mechanism is not clear. Meanwhile, in the aspect of prediction and early warning technology, research is carried out on the aspects of noise frequency spectrum, thermal wave propagation speed, image detection temperature change and the like, and the occurrence of oil tank boil-over fire is predicted. But no effective and engineering applicable early warning solution has been developed at present. At present, the existing patent provides better and higher-safety solutions aiming at boiling-over fire simulation and experiment methods, and relates to a test device for simulating boiling-over and splash-type combustion by using a ball-and-stick model, and the fire reduction degree is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device which can truly reduce the boiling-over fire generation process, realize non-contact observation and characteristic parameter measurement and simultaneously ensure the safety and controllability of the experiment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a fire simulation experiment device for oil boiling overflow comprises a support frame and a simulation tank, wherein the simulation tank is arranged on the support frame, the simulation tank is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the upper end and is used as a combustion boiling overflow area, and the support frame is arranged on a weighing platform;
a thermocouple sensor is arranged in the simulation tank and used for collecting temperature parameters of the simulation tank;
the ignition assembly realizes automatic ignition and automatic flameout;
and the camera records the conditions in the simulation tank.
Furthermore, the ignition assembly comprises electric spark ignition and electric heating ignition, the high-voltage electronic ignition device is used for igniting, and automatic ignition and automatic flameout are realized by remotely controlling the electromagnetic valve to be turned off.
Further, including the fire prevention subassembly, the fire prevention subassembly includes that length and width is 2 m's fire prevention canvas, supporting sand and soil jar, before experimental, lays the sand and soil layer around the simulation jar body, and the scope of laying of sand and soil layer is 10 times simulation jar diameter.
Furthermore, a pressure sensor is arranged at the lower end of the weighing platform, the pressure sensor senses pressure change and measures mass loss, and mass loss data are transmitted to the data acquisition and analysis module through the data acquisition card to complete mass loss data analysis.
Further, the sensor comprises a thermocouple, a radiant heat flow meter and a sound level meter, wherein the thermocouple is used for collecting the temperature in the simulation tank, the radiant heat flow meter is used for measuring the heat radiation energy, and the sound level meter is used for collecting the sound intensity of the boil-over state generated in the simulation tank.
Further, the simulation jar is the small-size jar body that the diameter is less than 0.5m, and the small-size jar body is made by high temperature resistant quartz glass, the support frame is circular, the lower extreme correspondence of the small-size jar body is equipped with the sight glass, and the sight glass is used for reflecting the internal conditions of the small-size jar body, the sight glass is established on the support frame.
Further, the support frame includes the base of lower extreme and the location section of thick bamboo of upper end, be used for placing the small-size jar of body in the location section of thick bamboo, the middle part cavity of a location section of thick bamboo sets up, makes things convenient for the sight glass to correspond with the small-size jar of body, the outer lane of a location section of thick bamboo is in through a plurality of bracing pieces solid lock the upper end of base, the base includes the ring of upper end and the chassis of lower extreme, ring and chassis are fixed through the support column of a plurality of equipartitions.
Further, the simulation jar is the jumbo size jar body of diameter more than or equal to 0.5m, and the jumbo size jar body is supported by stainless steel, the support frame is a plurality of side's pipes of establishing at jumbo size jar body outer lane, be equipped with the observation window in the middle of the bottom of the jumbo size jar body, the lower extreme of observation window is equipped with the sight glass, the one end of the jumbo size jar body is equipped with the liquid level pipe rather than inside intercommunication, and the other end is equipped with thermocouple bypass route mouth.
Further, the observation window is made by high temperature resistant quartz glass, the observation window is established in the holding ring, the section of holding ring is T shape, the lower bottom surface at the internal portion of jumbo size jar is locked to the upper end of holding ring, the lower extreme of holding ring stretches out downwards the setting of the jumbo size jar body, the holding ring with be equipped with at least one sealing washer between the outer lane of observation window, the lower extreme of holding ring is equipped with sealed clamping ring, sealed clamping ring is right the observation window supports.
Further, the liquid level pipe is vertically arranged, the lower part of the liquid level pipe is supported on the horizontal plane through a stand column, glue is filled between the stand column and the liquid level pipe for sealing, and a transition joint and a valve are arranged on a communicating pipeline between the liquid level pipe and the large-size tank body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects.
1. The invention designs a multi-scale boil-over fire simulation experiment device, which can truly reduce the boil-over fire generation process, realize non-contact observation and characteristic parameter measurement, and simultaneously ensure the safety and controllability of the experiment;
2. in the invention, the small-sized tank body adopts a transparent structure, the bottom of the small-sized tank body is provided with an observation mirror, a camera is placed on a reflection path, and the boiling state of the liquid level at the bottom can be observed by an optical reflection principle;
3. in the invention, the large-scale tank body is a non-transparent tank body, and the liquid level pipe of the bypass liquid level is arranged, so that the liquid level height of the liquid can be observed based on the principle of the communicating vessel; and a bypass pipe is arranged and is inserted into the bottom of the tank to test the temperature of different parts, and an observation window is inwards arranged in the middle of the bottom to capture the boiling overflow state characteristic of the oil-water interface.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a small-sized can body of the present invention having an inner diameter of 100 mm;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the small-sized can body of the present invention having an inner diameter of 200 mm;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the small-sized can body of the present invention having an inner diameter of 300 mm;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a large-sized can body according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top plan view of a large size can body of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view R-R of FIG. 5 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a detail view of portion T of fig. 6 of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
801. a support frame; 802. a small-sized can body; 8021. a base; 8022. a positioning cylinder; 8023. a support bar; 8024. a circular ring; 8025. a support pillar; 8026. a chassis; 803. an observation mirror; 804. a thermocouple; 805. a large-size tank body; 806. a liquid level tube; 8061. a column; 8062. a ball valve; 8063. a transition joint; 807. a thermocouple bypass wiring port; 808. an observation window; 8081. a positioning ring; 8082. sealing the pressure ring; 8083. and (5) sealing rings.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device comprises a support frame 801 and a simulation tank, wherein the simulation tank is arranged on the support frame 801, is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the upper end and is used as a combustion boiling-over area, and the support frame 801 is arranged on a weighing platform; a thermocouple sensor is arranged in the simulation tank and used for collecting temperature parameters of the simulation tank; the ignition assembly realizes automatic ignition and automatic flameout; and the camera records the conditions in the simulation tank.
Preferably, the ignition assembly comprises one of electric spark ignition and electric heating ignition, is ignited by a high-voltage electronic ignition device, and realizes automatic ignition and automatic flameout through remote control of the turn-off of the electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, including the fire prevention subassembly, the fire prevention subassembly includes that length and width is 2 m's fire prevention canvas, supporting sand and soil jar, and before the experiment, lay the sand and soil layer around the simulation jar body, the scope of laying of sand and soil layer is 10 times simulation jar diameter, promotes the security of experiment.
Preferably, a pressure sensor is arranged at the lower end of the weighing platform, and a small pressure change is sensed through the high-precision pressure sensor so as to measure the mass loss. The quality loss data is transmitted to the data acquisition and analysis module by the data acquisition card to complete the quality loss data analysis, and the analyzed data can be displayed by the display screen, so that the real-time monitoring is realized.
Preferably, the sensor includes thermocouple 804, bolometer and sound level meter, and thermocouple 804 is used for gathering the temperature in the analog tank, and bolometer is used for measuring the thermal radiation energy size, and the sound level meter is used for gathering the sound intensity that produces the boiling over state in the analog tank, can also increase other kinds of sensor and test instrument equipment according to the demand of experiment, acquires abundanter effective information.
Preferably, the simulation tank is a small-sized tank body 802 with a diameter smaller than 0.5m, the small-sized tank body 802 is made of high-temperature-resistant quartz glass, the supporting frame 801 is circular, the lower end of the small-sized tank body 802 is correspondingly provided with an observation mirror 803, the observation mirror 803 is used for reflecting the internal condition of the small-sized tank body 802, and the observation mirror 803 is integrally arranged on the supporting frame 801, so that the stability is high.
Preferably, the supporting frame 801 includes a base 8021 at a lower end and a positioning barrel 8022 at an upper end, the positioning barrel 8022 is used for placing the small-sized tank body 802, the middle of the positioning barrel 8022 is hollow, the observation mirror 803 is convenient to correspond to the small-sized tank body 802, an outer ring of the positioning barrel 8022 is fixedly locked at the upper end of the base 8021 through a plurality of supporting rods 8023, the base 8021 includes a ring 8024 at the upper end and a chassis 8026 at the lower end, and the ring 8024 and the chassis 8026 are fixed through a plurality of uniformly distributed supporting rods 8025.
Preferably, the simulation tank is a large-size tank 805 with a diameter of more than or equal to 0.5m, the large-size tank 805 is supported by stainless steel, the support frame 801 is a plurality of square pipes arranged on the outer ring of the large-size tank 805, an observation window 808 is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the large-size tank 805, an observation mirror 803 is arranged at the lower end of the observation window 808, a liquid level pipe 806 communicated with the inside of the large-size tank 805 is arranged at one end of the large-size tank 805, the height of the liquid level inside the large-size tank is observed, and a thermocouple bypass wiring port is arranged.
Preferably, the observation window 808 is made of high-temperature-resistant quartz glass, has extremely small linear expansion coefficient, is 1/10-1/20 of common glass, has good thermal shock resistance, has high heat resistance, has the use temperature of 1100-1200 ℃, can reach 1400 ℃ in a short term, and is suitable for test application in a high-temperature environment; more preferably, the observation window 808 is arranged in the positioning ring 8081, the section of the positioning ring 8081 is in a T shape, the upper end of the positioning ring 8081 is fixedly locked on the lower bottom surface inside the large-size tank 805, the lower end of the positioning ring 8081 extends downwards out of the large-size tank 805, and at least one sealing ring 8083 is arranged between the positioning ring 8081 and the outer ring of the observation window 808.
Preferably, the liquid level pipe 806 is vertically arranged, the lower portion of the liquid level pipe is supported on a horizontal plane through an upright post 8061, the upright post 8061 and the liquid level pipe 806 are sealed by gluing, the positioning firmness of the liquid level pipe 806 is improved, a transition joint 8063 and a valve are arranged on a communication pipeline between the liquid level pipe 806 and the large-size tank body 805, the transition joint 8063 is beneficial to connection of pipelines with different specifications, the valve is beneficial to control of the pipeline, and the stability is high.
The actual simulation experiment process is as follows: based on the boil-over fire simulation assembly, a small-scale and medium-scale oil boil-over fire simulation experiment can be developed, influence laws of factors such as oil characteristics, thickness, oil-water mixing ratio and the like on boil-over combustion characteristic parameters, boil-over occurrence time and boil-over intensity under different scales are researched, a theoretical prediction model of the boil-over occurrence time and the boil-over intensity is established, a boil-over fire critical judgment condition is provided, an oil boil-over and splash early warning technology can be further researched on the basis, feasibility and engineering application parameters of various technologies such as an ultrasonic technology, a noise frequency spectrum, a thermal wave propagation speed and image detection temperature change and the like for predicting the boil-over fire are discussed, and an effective and engineering applicable storage tank boil-over fire early warning solution is formed.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An oil boils over conflagration simulation experiment device which characterized in that: the device comprises a support frame and a simulation tank, wherein the simulation tank is arranged on the support frame, the simulation tank is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the upper end and is used as a combustion boiling overflow area, and the support frame is arranged on a weighing platform;
a thermocouple sensor is arranged in the simulation tank and used for collecting temperature parameters of the simulation tank;
the ignition assembly realizes automatic ignition and automatic flameout;
and the camera records the conditions in the simulation tank.
2. The oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device of claim 1, wherein: the ignition assembly comprises electric spark ignition and electric heating ignition, is ignited by high-voltage electronic ignition equipment, and realizes automatic ignition and automatic flameout through the turn-off of a remote control electromagnetic valve.
3. The oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device of claim 1, wherein: including the fire prevention subassembly, the fire prevention subassembly includes that length and width is 2 m's fire prevention canvas, supporting sand and soil jar, before experimental, lays sand and soil layer around the simulation jar body, and sand and soil layer's laying scope is 10 times simulation jar diameter.
4. The oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device of claim 3, wherein: the lower end of the weighing platform is provided with a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor senses pressure change and measures mass loss, and mass loss data are transmitted to a data acquisition and analysis module through a data acquisition card to complete mass loss data analysis.
5. The oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device of claim 1, wherein: the sensor comprises a thermocouple, a radiant heat flow meter and a sound level meter, wherein the thermocouple is used for collecting the temperature in the simulation tank, the radiant heat flow meter is used for measuring the amount of heat radiation energy, and the sound level meter is used for collecting the sound intensity of a boiling-over state generated in the simulation tank.
6. The oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device of claim 1, wherein: the simulation jar is the small-size jar body that the diameter is less than 0.5m, and the small-size jar body is made by high temperature resistant quartz glass, the support frame is circular, the lower extreme correspondence of the small-size jar body is equipped with the sight glass, and the sight glass is used for reflecting the internal conditions of the small-size jar body, the sight glass is established on the support frame.
7. The oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device of claim 6, wherein: the support frame includes the base of lower extreme and the location section of thick bamboo of upper end, be used for placing the small-size jar of body in the location section of thick bamboo, the middle part cavity setting of a location section of thick bamboo makes things convenient for the sight glass to correspond with the small-size jar of body, the outer lane of a location section of thick bamboo is in through a plurality of bracing pieces solid lock the upper end of base, the base includes the ring of upper end and the chassis of lower extreme, ring and chassis are fixed through the support column of a plurality of equipartitions.
8. The oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device of claim 1, wherein: the simulation jar is the jumbo size jar body of diameter more than or equal to 0.5m, and the jumbo size jar body is supported by the stainless steel, a plurality of side's pipes of support frame for establishing at jumbo size jar body outer lane, be equipped with the observation window in the middle of the bottom of the jumbo size jar body, the lower extreme of observation window is equipped with the sight glass, the one end of the jumbo size jar body is equipped with the liquid level pipe rather than inside intercommunication, and the other end is equipped with thermocouple bypass route mouth.
9. The oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device of claim 8, wherein: the observation window is made by high temperature resistant quartz glass, the observation window is established in the holding ring, the section of holding ring is T shape, the lower bottom surface at the internal portion of jumbo size jar is locked to the upper end of holding ring admittedly, the lower extreme of holding ring stretches out downwards the setting of the jumbo size jar body, the holding ring with be equipped with at least one sealing washer between the outer lane of observation window, the lower extreme of holding ring is equipped with sealed clamping ring, sealed clamping ring is right the observation window supports.
10. The oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device of claim 8, wherein: the liquid level pipe is vertically arranged, the lower part of the liquid level pipe is supported on a horizontal plane through a stand column, glue is applied between the stand column and the liquid level pipe for sealing, and a transition joint and a valve are arranged on a communicating pipeline between the liquid level pipe and the large-size tank body.
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| CN202011630917.1A CN112710774A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011630917.1A CN112710774A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Oil boiling-over fire simulation experiment device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113624923A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-09 | 应急管理部天津消防研究所 | High-temperature hot oil-fire standard experimental device and fire extinguishing performance evaluation method |
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| CN113624923A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-09 | 应急管理部天津消防研究所 | High-temperature hot oil-fire standard experimental device and fire extinguishing performance evaluation method |
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