CN215374845U - Test device for realizing visualization of soil body under high-speed load of suction anchor - Google Patents
Test device for realizing visualization of soil body under high-speed load of suction anchor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a test device for realizing soil body visualization under high-speed load of a suction anchor, which comprises an optical platform, a counter-force frame arranged on the optical platform, a suction anchor injection and high-speed upward pulling unit arranged on the counter-force frame, a transparent box body arranged on the optical platform and matched with the suction anchor injection and high-speed upward pulling unit, a transparent suction anchor detachably arranged at the bottom of the suction anchor injection and high-speed upward pulling unit and positioned in the transparent box body, and a visualization system arranged on the optical platform and matched with the transparent box body, wherein transparent soil is arranged in the transparent box body. Compared with the prior art, the method overcomes the defect that the loading rate of the traditional suction anchor pull-up model test is too slow, can realize high-speed pull-up of the suction anchor, accurately observes the fracture surface of the soil body and the movement direction of soil particles under the high-speed pull-up load of the suction anchor, and has obvious effect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of marine geotechnical engineering 1g model tests, and relates to a test device for realizing soil body visualization under high-speed load of a suction anchor.
Background
With the high-speed development of offshore wind power, the development of offshore resources is necessarily gradually saturated, and the trend of offshore wind power from offshore to open sea is a necessary trend of future development. For deep open sea with water depths over 60m, the stand column and tension leg platforms can be used by taking the mature foundation structure form and technology of the offshore oil platform as a reference. The suction anchor under the tension leg platform foundation is mainly acted by vertical drawing load, and the side wall of the tension type suction anchor under the column platform is mainly acted by inclined load.
The marine environment is complicated and changeable, storm surge comes temporarily, the overturning moment of the offshore wind power turbine foundation is very large, and the uplifting force transmitted to the suction anchor by the corresponding anchor cable is very large. Under the action of typhoons of different grades, the pull-up speed of the suction anchor is different, and the damage mechanism of the suction anchor is also different. Therefore, research and determination of the uplift limit bearing capacity and the soil body destruction mechanism of the suction anchor under different uplift rates are of great significance, particularly the bearing mechanism of the suction anchor under high-speed load and the bearing capacity evolution mechanism along with the loading speed are very necessary, and theoretical basis is provided for installation and design of the deep-sea floating wind power foundation under extreme conditions.
At present, the loading rate is low when a suction anchor pull-up model experiment is carried out in sandy soil, most of domestic and foreign scholars study the bearing characteristic of the suction anchor under the action of static load, and the bearing mechanism and the soil body failure mechanism of the suction anchor in the sandy soil under the action of high-speed load are blank. Most indoor model tests adopt a half-mode to visualize the natural soil body, and are obviously not suitable under the action of high-speed upward pulling load. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a testing apparatus for studying the bearing capacity of the foundation of the suction anchor under high-speed load and the soil body failure mechanism.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art of the suction anchor uplift model test, and provides a test device for realizing soil body visualization under a high-speed load of a suction anchor.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a realize visual test device of soil body under high-speed load of suction anchor, the device includes optical platform, the counter-force frame of setting on optical platform, the unit is pulled out in suction anchor injection and the high speed of setting on counter-force frame, the transparent box that sets up on optical platform and pull out unit looks adaptation with suction anchor injection and high speed, detachably sets up and pulls out the transparent suction anchor of unit bottom and lie in transparent box inside and set up on optical platform and with the visual system of transparent box looks adaptation in suction anchor injection and high speed, the inside of transparent box be equipped with transparent soil.
Furthermore, the transparent box body is in a top opening shape, and the transparent suction anchor is in a bottom opening shape.
Furthermore, the suction anchor injection and high-speed upward pulling unit comprises a suction anchor injection mechanism and a suction anchor high-speed upward pulling mechanism which are arranged on the counter-force frame in parallel, and the transparent suction anchor is detachably connected with the suction anchor injection mechanism and the suction anchor high-speed upward pulling mechanism respectively.
Furthermore, the suction anchor penetration mechanism comprises a hollow cylindrical rod vertically arranged on the counter-force frame and a thin rod movably arranged in the hollow cylindrical rod, and the bottom of the thin rod is detachably connected with the top of the transparent suction anchor.
Furthermore, the high-speed pull-up mechanism of the suction anchor comprises a linear servo electric cylinder vertically arranged on the counter-force frame and a flange plate arranged between the linear servo electric cylinder and the transparent suction anchor, and the bottom of the flange plate is provided with a connecting rod detachably connected with the top of the transparent suction anchor.
Furthermore, a tension sensor is arranged on the linear servo electric cylinder, and the device further comprises a data acquisition instrument electrically connected with the tension sensor.
Furthermore, the top of the transparent suction anchor is provided with an exhaust hole, a threaded hole and a level gauge.
Furthermore, the device also comprises an exhaust pipe matched with the exhaust hole and a micro pore pressure sensor.
Further, the visualization system comprises a laser emitter, an optical prism arranged between the laser emitter and the transparent box body, and a camera matched with the transparent box body.
Further, the visualization system also comprises a laser controller connected with the laser emitter and a computer connected with the camera.
Preferably, the transparent box body is an acrylic organic glass box, the counterforce frame is a metal counterforce frame, the optical prism is a linear optical prism, the camera is a CCD high-speed camera, and the computer is a microcomputer.
The linear servo electric cylinder is mainly used for realizing the upward pulling of the suction anchor under different loading rates, in particular to realizing the high-speed upward pulling of the suction anchor. The linear servo electric cylinder is fixed on the reaction frame by four screw caps and can be detached, so that the constant pull-up speed of 500mm/s at most can be realized; the tension sensor is welded at the pull rod end of the linear servo electric cylinder and is connected with the suction anchor through a flange plate; the suction anchor and the tension sensor can be separated from each other by disassembling four screw caps on the flange plate; the transparent box body is made by gluing 5 transparent organic glass plates with high strength and thickness of 7mm, and is enclosed into a hollow cuboid with an opening at the upper end and the internal space of 300mm, 300mm and 500mm in length, width and height respectively; the transparent suction anchor is an organic glass hollow cylinder with an opening at the bottom, a thin rod can penetrate through the hollow cylinder rod to vertically penetrate the suction anchor into the transparent soil sample, and a level meter can be arranged at the top of the suction anchor and used for detecting the verticality of the penetration of the suction anchor; the upper end of the center of the top of the suction anchor is provided with a threaded hole with the diameter of 10mm, the threaded hole can be connected with a connecting rod with the diameter of 10mm, the length of 200mm and the end of the connecting rod provided with a mantle fiber thread, and the connecting rod is welded on a flange plate to realize the connection with the suction anchor; the top of the suction anchor is provided with an exhaust hole with the diameter of 6mm, which is not only used for exhausting when the suction anchor penetrates deeply, but also can be used for installing the negative pressure at the top of the test cylinder of the micro pore pressure sensor when the suction anchor is pulled out. The transparent box body can be filled with simulated sandy soil with the height of 400 mm.
The laser emitter is a high-power green semiconductor laser, is arranged on the optical platform and can adjust the height and the horizontal position; the laser emitter can continuously provide a green laser light source, and the distance between the laser emitter and the transparent box body is adjusted, so that laser can completely illuminate the interior of the suction anchor after passing through the linear optical prism, and a sector laser speckle image is generated; the laser transmitter can adjust the energy, power and intensity of the laser through a laser controller; the CCD high-speed camera is placed on the optical platform and can shoot laser speckle images of the suction anchor in the transparent soil in the process of pulling up; the CCD high-speed camera can shoot a selected measuring area by adjusting the focal length of the lens, and the side surface of the transparent box shot by the CCD high-speed camera is adjacent to the side surface of the transparent box irradiated by the laser emitter; the CCD high-speed camera and the data acquisition instrument are both connected with the microcomputer.
The linear servo electric cylinder realizes the high-speed load pull-up function. Simulating sandy soil particles by adopting fused quartz sand as transparent soil, and simulating pore water by using a solution obtained by mixing 15# white oil and 3# white oil according to a certain volume ratio according to different environmental temperatures; the flange plate is used for connecting the suction anchor and the tension sensor, so that the connection and the separation of the suction anchor and the tension sensor are realized.
The test method based on the device comprises the following steps:
step one, transparent soil material: the selected fused quartz sand meets SiO requirement2The content is more than 99.99 percent, and quartz sand with the grain diameters of 70-120 meshes, 40-70 meshes and 20-40 meshes is mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:5:8 to simulate Fujian standard sandy soil; the selected mixed pore solution is a uniform mixed solution of 15# white oil and 3# white oil;
step two, a transparent soil configuration method for simulating sandy soil: filling fused quartz sand into a transparent box body by adopting a layered compaction method, firstly, paving the quartz sand in four layers in a glass box, compacting each layer of quartz sand by using a wood hammer to ensure compactness, and paving each layer of quartz sand with the height of 100 mm; slowly injecting mixed pore liquid along the inner box wall of the acrylic organic glass box from bottom to top by using a hose, stopping injecting the mixed pore liquid after the mixed pore liquid is immersed in the sand sample, and keeping the liquid level slightly higher than the surface of the solid particles of the fused quartz sand; then, the transparent box body is sealed by a polyvinyl chloride film and then is vacuumized by a primary vacuum pump to form a negative pressure environment of-0.1 MPa for 10min, and finally a saturated transparent soil sample is prepared in the transparent box body;
step three, penetration of the suction anchor: a thin rod penetrates through a threaded hole in the top of the hollow cylindrical rod and is connected with the suction anchor, the suction anchor is vertically and statically pressed into a specified position in the transparent soil sample, and a level meter can be mounted on the top of the suction anchor and used for detecting the perpendicularity of the penetration of the suction anchor;
step four, standing: after the suction anchor penetrates into the transparent soil, the pull-up experiment is started after the suction anchor is kept stand for 5 hours;
arranging and adjusting the distance between the laser emitter and the transparent box body, so that the laser can completely illuminate the interior of the suction anchor after passing through the linear optical prism, and a stable sector laser speckle image is generated; adjusting the intensity of the laser by a laser controller; adjusting the focal length of a lens of the CCD high-speed camera to shoot the selected measuring area, wherein the CCD high-speed camera is vertical to the bright surface of the laser speckle image;
step six, collecting an initial state picture: recording laser speckle images of the suction anchor in an initial state under different loading rates by using a CCD high-speed camera;
step seven, pulling up the suction anchor: before pulling up the suction anchor, a data acquisition instrument of the tension sensor needs to be connected to a microcomputer, and the reading is reset to zero; the drawing mode of the suction anchor is displacement control, the drawing speed is controlled by a linear servo electric cylinder to respectively draw the suction anchor at different loading rates, and the microcomputer records the negative pressure change at the top of the suction anchor, the reading of a tension sensor and the movement of transparent soil particles in the drawing process;
step eight, data processing: after a CCD high-speed camera is adopted to collect images of laser speckle slices at different moments and under test conditions, processing and calculating the images through an image processing and analyzing system PhotoInfo and a data post-processing system PostViewer to obtain a soil displacement field, a strain field and a displacement vector diagram in the pulling-up process, and further determining the standard for dividing the shape of the sandy soil damage surface according to the loading rate; further converting a curve of the change of the tension on the tension sensor along with time into a relation curve of the change of the pull-up tension along with displacement, and analyzing and researching a rule between the ultimate bearing capacity and the pull-out rate of the suction anchor;
wherein the measuring range of the tension sensor is 300N; the intensity of the laser emitter may be set to 2A. The speckle effect of the transparent soil can be improved by adding the hollow glass bead tracer particles in the area of key analysis.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following characteristics:
1) the marine environment is complicated and changeable, and the storm surge comes temporarily, and the anchor rope transmits the pull-up power for the suction anchor very big. Because the pulling-up speed of the suction anchor is different under the action of typhoons of different grades, the failure mechanism of the suction anchor is also different. The method is based on a transparent soil test, and researches on the bearing capacity of the suction anchor under high-speed load and the evolution mechanism of the soil body destruction form along with the loading speed through transparent soil simulation sandy soil, so that a theoretical basis is provided for the installation and design of the deep-sea floating wind power foundation under extreme conditions. Compared with the existing suction anchor model test loading technology, the utility model can realize the high-speed upward pulling of the suction anchor, and accurately observe the fracture surface of the soil body and the movement direction of soil particles under the high-speed upward pulling load of the suction anchor. Compared with the traditional soil body visualization half-mode test, the utility model ensures that the deformation of the soil body is closer to the actual situation when the simulated suction anchor is pulled up, and improves the reliability of the soil body deformation observation.
2) The utility model overcomes the defect that the loading rate of the traditional suction anchor pull-up model test is too slow, can realize the high-speed pull-up of the suction anchor, accurately observes the fracture surface of the soil body and the movement direction of soil particles under the high-speed pull-up load of the suction anchor, and has obvious effect.
3) The utility model has simple structure and convenient operation, the deformation of the soil body is closer to the actual situation when the suction anchor is simulated to be pulled up, and the reliability of the soil body deformation observation is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the transparent suction anchor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional structural view of FIG. 2;
the notation in the figure is:
the device comprises a transparent box body 1, a transparent suction anchor 2, a transparent soil 3, a flange plate 4, a tension sensor 5, a linear servo electric cylinder 6, a hollow cylindrical rod 7, an optical platform 8, a counter-force frame 9, an exhaust pipe 10, a miniature hole pressure sensor 11, an optical prism 12, a laser transmitter 13, a laser controller 14, a data acquisition instrument 15, a camera 16, a computer 17, an exhaust hole 18, a threaded hole 19, a level meter 20 and a connecting rod 21.
Detailed Description
The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example (b):
as shown in figure 1, the test device for realizing visualization of the soil body under the high-speed load of the suction anchor comprises an optical platform 8, a counter-force frame 9 arranged on the optical platform 8, a suction anchor injection and high-speed upward pulling unit arranged on the counter-force frame 9, a transparent box body 1 which is arranged on the optical platform 8 and is matched with the suction anchor injection and high-speed upward pulling unit, a transparent suction anchor 2 which is detachably arranged at the bottom of the suction anchor injection and high-speed upward pulling unit and is positioned inside the transparent box body 1, and a visualization system which is arranged on the optical platform 8 and is matched with the transparent box body 1, and transparent soil 3 is arranged inside the transparent box body 1.
Wherein, the transparent box body 1 is in a top opening shape, and the transparent suction anchor 2 is in a bottom opening shape.
The suction anchor injection and high-speed upward pulling unit comprises a suction anchor injection mechanism and a suction anchor high-speed upward pulling mechanism which are arranged on the counter-force frame 9 in parallel, and the transparent suction anchor 2 is detachably connected with the suction anchor injection mechanism and the suction anchor high-speed upward pulling mechanism respectively. The suction anchor penetration mechanism comprises a hollow cylindrical rod 7 vertically arranged on the counter-force frame 9 and a thin rod movably arranged in the hollow cylindrical rod 7, and the bottom of the thin rod is detachably connected with the top of the transparent suction anchor 2. The suction anchor high-speed pull-up mechanism comprises a linear servo electric cylinder 6 vertically arranged on the counter-force frame 9 and a flange plate 4 arranged between the linear servo electric cylinder 6 and the transparent suction anchor 2, and a connecting rod 21 detachably connected with the top of the transparent suction anchor 2 is arranged at the bottom of the flange plate 4. The linear servo electric cylinder 6 is provided with a tension sensor 5, and the device further comprises a data acquisition instrument 15 electrically connected with the tension sensor 5.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the top of the transparent suction anchor 2 is provided with an air vent 18, a threaded hole 19 and a level 20.
The device also comprises an exhaust pipe 10 matched with the exhaust hole 18 and a micro pore pressure sensor 11.
The visualization system comprises a laser emitter 13, an optical prism 12 arranged between the laser emitter 13 and the transparent box 1, and a camera 16 adapted to the transparent box 1. The visualisation system also comprises a laser controller 14 connected to the laser emitter 13 and a computer 17 connected to the camera 16.
The device can realize the soil body bearing mechanism and visualization of the suction anchor under the condition of pulling load at different speeds, and the suction anchor penetration and high-speed upward pulling unit can realize the vertical upward pulling of the suction anchor at different speeds and the upward pulling of the suction anchor at the inclination of different lanyard positions and loading angles.
The hollow cylindrical rod 7 is used for ensuring the penetration verticality of the transparent suction anchor 2. A thin rod penetrates through the hollow cylindrical rod 7, the transparent suction anchor 2 is vertically penetrated into the transparent soil 3 sample and stands for 5 hours, then the upward pulling experiment is started, and the level meter 20 can be installed at the top of the transparent suction anchor 2 and used for detecting the perpendicularity of the penetration of the transparent suction anchor 2.
In order to realize the visualization of the soil destruction in the transparent suction anchor 2, the transparent suction anchor 2 is made of organic glass (PMMP) and is a hollow cylinder with an opening at the lower part, so that the transparent suction anchor 2 has extremely high transparency, can penetrate 99 percent of visible light, and has light weight and high strength. The inner diameter of the selected transparent suction anchor 2 is 60mm, the inner height is 120mm, the height-diameter ratio is 2, the side wall thickness is 3mm, and the top surface thickness is 10 mm. The upper end of the circle center of the top surface of the transparent suction anchor 2 is provided with a threaded hole 19 with the diameter of 10mm, and the threaded hole can be connected with a connecting rod 21 with the diameter of 10mm, the length of 200mm and one end of a mantle fiber thread. The top of the transparent suction anchor 2 is provided with an exhaust hole 18 with the diameter of 6mm, which is not only used for exhausting when the transparent suction anchor 2 sinks through, but also can be used for installing a micro hole pressure sensor 11 to test the negative pressure at the top when the transparent suction anchor 2 is pulled out. The top of the transparent suction anchor 2 is also provided with a level gauge 20 for ensuring that the transparent suction anchor 2 vertically penetrates into the designated position of the transparent soil 3 sample.
The adopted linear servo electric cylinder 6 is mainly used for realizing the upward pulling of the transparent suction anchor 2 at different loading rates, in particular realizing the high-speed upward pulling of the transparent suction anchor 2; the maximum stroke of the linear servo electric cylinder 6 is 500mm, the rated output is 500N, and the maximum speed is 500 mm/s.
The transparent soil 3 adopts fused silica sand to simulate sand soil particles, and the solution obtained by mixing the 15# white oil and the 3# white oil according to a certain volume ratio simulates pore water. In the process of preparing the transparent soil 3, the refractive indexes of the mixed solution and the fused silica sand need to be optimally matched, and the difference value of the refractive indexes of the mixed solution and the fused silica sand needs to be +/-0.001 so as to achieve the ideal transparent effect.
Fused silica sand satisfying SiO2The content is more than 99.99 percent, and quartz sand with the grain diameters of 70-120 meshes, 40-70 meshes and 20-40 meshes is mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:5:8 to simulate sandy soil. The refractive index of the prepared fused silica sand needs to be indirectly determined by a trial method. The specific operation steps are that paper printed with transparent soil is attached to the back wall of a beaker filled with the transparent soil 3, for the purpose of contrast definition, the uppermost layer of the beaker is pore liquid, and the lower layer is a transparent soil 3 sample. When the refractive index of the mixed pore solution is found to be X through repeated trial and error, the visual effect of the transparent soil 3 sample is the best, and at the moment, the refractive index of the fused silica sand is the same as that of the mixed pore solutionAccordingly, the refractive index of the fused silica sand particles was determined to be X.
The environmental temperature has little influence on the refractive index of the quartz sand and has great influence on the refractive index of the mixed pore solution. Therefore, under the condition that the constant temperature cannot be guaranteed, the weather forecast temperature change needs to be checked as much as possible for a few days to complete the experiment. In order to ensure that the refractive index of the prepared mixed pore solution is equal to the refractive index X of the fused silica sand at T ℃, a small amount of mixed solution of 3# white oil and 15# white oil with different volume ratios needs to be measured by a measuring cylinder, and finally, the mixed solution is measured by an Abbe refractometer. When the refractive index of a certain mixed pore solution is tested to be the same as the refractive index X of the fused silica sand, the volume ratio of the two oils in the mixed pore solution required for preparing the transparent soil 3 at the temperature of T ℃ is determined.
In order to ensure the permeability of the configured transparent soil 3, the transparent box body 1 is filled with fused quartz sand by adopting a layered compaction method. The specific operation steps of filling the quartz sand are that the prepared fused quartz sand is washed by water and then is put into a drying oven for drying. After the fused quartz sand is treated, the quartz sand is paved in four layers in the transparent box body 1, and each layer of quartz sand needs to be compacted by a wood hammer to ensure compactness. The laying height of each layer of quartz sand is 100mm, and the total laying height of the quartz sand is 400 mm.
And after the quartz sand is laid, injecting a mixed pore solution and vacuumizing the soil sample. The specific operation steps are that the mixed pore liquid is slowly injected from bottom to top along the inner box wall of the transparent box body 1 by using a hose, the injection is stopped after the sand sample is immersed in the mixed pore liquid, and the liquid level is kept slightly higher than the surface of the solid particles of the fused quartz sand. In order to discharge air bubbles in the transparent soil 3 and enable sand and soil particles to be in close contact with each other, the strength of the transparent soil 3 sample is increased, then the transparent box body 1 is sealed by a polyvinyl chloride film and is vacuumized by a primary vacuum pump to form a negative pressure environment of-0.1 MPa for 10min, and finally a saturated transparent soil sample is prepared in the transparent box body 1.
Because of the characteristic of the sand particles with follow-up property and light scattering property, the separate arrangement of the tracer particles is not required in geotechnical engineering tests as in fluid mechanics. The aggregate of the transparent soil 3 is fused quartz sand, and a laser spot making method can be directly adopted to form a spot scattering surface in the transparent soil 3. Although the tiny air bubbles in the transparent soil 3 are beneficial to the formation of speckle fields, too many air bubbles affect the transparency of the transparent soil 3. When the naturally formed speckle field has poor effect, hollow glass bead tracing particles can be added into the area to be analyzed, so that the speckle effect of the transparent soil 3 is improved. The concrete operation is that when the transparent soil 3 is prepared, the hollow glass beads are added according to the mass ratio of 0.015 percent of the hollow glass beads to the fused quartz sand, and the hollow glass beads are uniformly distributed by continuously stirring.
A2W green semiconductor sheet light laser emitter 13 is adopted to emit 532nm light beams, the light beams pass through a linear optical prism 12 to form a sector sheet light source smaller than 1mm, and finally the light beams irradiate on fused quartz sand and bubbles inside transparent soil 3 to form a speckle pattern. The sheet laser formed by the linear optical prism 12 is over against the middle section positions of the transparent box body 1 and the transparent suction anchor 2, so that the laser sector is superposed with the axial symmetry plane of the transparent suction anchor 2. The distance between the laser and the transparent box body 1 needs to be adjusted, so that the surface laser can fully irradiate the transparent soil 3 in the transparent box body 1, and the laser brightness is adjusted to optimize the speckle effect.
And adjusting the position of the CCD high-speed camera 16 to shoot images, wherein the shot images are required to be clear and visible, and the size of a measurement area is 300mm x 300 mm. After parameters such as the time interval, the shooting mode, the number of shot pictures and the like of the camera 16 are set according to different suction anchor loading rates by utilizing an operation camera control program on the microcomputer 17, the shooting start button is clicked, and then the laser speckle surface at the measuring area can be continuously and automatically shot and stored.
Whole model test should operate on optical platform 8, arranges each subassembly such as transparent box 1, laser emitter 13 in optical platform 8 to guarantee that the position of each subassembly remains relatively unchangeable in whole experimentation, avoid camera 16 and transparent box 1 to take place to remove in the experimentation, otherwise can cause the influence to the processing of image.
When a suction anchor vertical upward-drawing model test is carried out, the connecting rod 21 at the top end of the transparent suction anchor 2 and the linear servo electric cylinder 6 are connected by the flange 4. The upward pulling speed is controlled by the linear servo electric cylinder 6, and the comparative tests are respectively carried out by V1-10 mm/s, V2-50 mm/s, V3-90 mm/s, V4-120 mm/s, V5-150 mm/s, V6-200 mm/s, V7-300 mm/s and V8-400 mm/s, so that the bearing capacity and the soil body destruction form of the transparent suction anchor 2 under the action of upward pulling loads at different speeds are researched, and the evolution mechanism of the sand soil destruction surface along with the speed is researched.
After the CCD high-speed camera 16 is adopted to collect images of laser speckle slices at different moments and under test conditions, the images are processed and calculated through an image processing and analyzing system PhotoInfo and a data post-processing system PostViewer, a soil displacement field, a strain field and a displacement vector diagram in the process of pulling up are obtained, and a soil destruction mechanism is further researched.
The test method for realizing the soil body bearing mechanism and visualization under the condition that the suction anchor is pulled out at a high speed comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing a transparent soil 3 material: the selected fused quartz sand meets SiO requirement2The content is more than 99.99 percent, and quartz sand with the grain diameters of 70-120 meshes, 40-70 meshes and 20-40 meshes is mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:5:8 to simulate Fujian standard sandy soil; the selected mixed pore solution is a uniform mixed solution of 15# white oil and 3# white oil;
step two, a transparent soil 3 configuration method for simulating sandy soil: filling fused quartz sand into a transparent box body 1 by adopting a layered compaction method, firstly, paving the quartz sand in four layers in the transparent box body 1, wherein each layer of quartz sand needs to be compacted by a wood hammer to ensure the compactness, and the paving height of each layer of quartz sand is 100 mm; slowly injecting mixed pore liquid along the inner box wall of the transparent box body 1 from bottom to top by using a hose, stopping injecting the mixed pore liquid after the mixed pore liquid is immersed in a sand sample, and keeping the liquid level slightly higher than the surface of solid particles of fused quartz sand; then, the transparent box body 1 is sealed by a polyvinyl chloride film and then is vacuumized by a primary vacuum pump to form a negative pressure environment of-0.1 MPa for 10min, and finally a saturated transparent soil 3 sample is prepared in the transparent box body 1;
step three, penetration of the transparent suction anchor 2: a thin rod penetrates through the hollow cylindrical rod 7 to be connected with a threaded hole 19 at the top of the transparent suction anchor 2, the transparent suction anchor 2 is vertically and statically penetrated into a specified position in a transparent soil 3 sample, and a level gauge 20 can be installed at the top of the transparent suction anchor 2 and used for detecting the perpendicularity of penetration of the transparent suction anchor 2;
step four, standing: after the transparent suction anchor 2 is penetrated into the transparent soil 3, the uplift experiment is started after the standing for 5 hours;
arranging and adjusting the distance between the laser emitter 13 and the transparent box body 1, so that the laser can completely illuminate the interior of the transparent suction anchor 2 after passing through the in-line optical prism 12, and a stable sector laser speckle image is generated; adjusting the intensity of the laser by the laser controller 14; adjusting the focal length of a lens of the CCD high-speed camera 16 to shoot a selected measuring area, wherein the CCD high-speed camera 16 is vertical to the bright surface of the laser speckle image;
step six, collecting an initial state picture: recording laser speckle images of the initial state of the transparent suction anchor 2 at different loading rates by using a CCD high-speed camera 16;
seventhly, pulling up the transparent suction anchor 2: before pulling up the transparent suction anchor 2, the data acquisition instrument 15 of the tension sensor 5 needs to be connected to the computer 17, and the reading is reset to zero; the mode of drawing the transparent suction anchor 2 is displacement control, the upward drawing speed is controlled by a linear servo electric cylinder 6, so that the transparent suction anchor 2 is respectively upward drawn at different loading rates, and the negative pressure change at the top of the transparent suction anchor 2, the reading of a tension sensor 5 and the movement of transparent soil particles in the upward drawing process are recorded by a computer 17;
step eight, data processing: after the CCD high-speed camera 16 is adopted to collect images of laser speckle slices at different moments and under test conditions, the images are processed and calculated through an image processing and analyzing system PhotoInfo and a data post-processing system PostViewer to obtain a soil displacement field, a strain field and a displacement vector diagram in the process of pulling up, and the standard for dividing the form of a sandy soil damage surface is further determined according to the loading rate; the curve of the change of the tension on the tension sensor 5 along with the time is further converted into a relation curve of the change of the pull-up tension along with the displacement, and the rule between the ultimate bearing capacity and the pull-out rate of the transparent suction anchor 2 is analyzed and researched.
The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate the understanding and use of the utility model by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a realize visual test device of soil body under high-speed load of suction anchor, a serial communication port, the device includes optics platform (8), counter-force frame (9) of setting on optics platform (8), the suction anchor who sets up on counter-force frame (9) is penetrated and is pulled out the unit at a high speed, set up on optics platform (8) and with suction anchor penetrate and pull out transparent box (1) of unit looks adaptation at a high speed, detachably sets up and pulls out unit bottom and lie in transparent box (1) inside transparent suction anchor (2) and set up on optics platform (8) and with the visual system of transparent box (1) looks adaptation on suction anchor penetrates and pull out the high speed, the inside of transparent box (1) be equipped with transparent soil (3).
2. The test device for realizing soil body visualization under high-speed load of the suction anchor according to claim 1, wherein the transparent box body (1) is in a top opening shape, and the transparent suction anchor (2) is in a bottom opening shape.
3. The test device for realizing visualization of soil body under high-speed load of the suction anchor according to claim 1, wherein the suction anchor penetration and high-speed upward pulling unit comprises a suction anchor penetration mechanism and a suction anchor high-speed upward pulling mechanism which are arranged on the counter-force frame (9) in parallel, and the transparent suction anchor (2) is detachably connected with the suction anchor penetration mechanism and the suction anchor high-speed upward pulling mechanism respectively.
4. The test device for realizing visualization of soil body under high-speed load of the suction anchor according to claim 3, wherein the suction anchor penetration mechanism comprises a hollow cylindrical rod (7) vertically arranged on the counter-force frame (9) and a thin rod movably arranged in the hollow cylindrical rod (7), and the bottom of the thin rod is detachably connected with the top of the transparent suction anchor (2).
5. The test device for realizing visualization of soil body under high-speed load of the suction anchor according to claim 3, wherein the suction anchor high-speed pulling-up mechanism comprises a linear servo electric cylinder (6) vertically arranged on the counter-force frame (9) and a flange (4) arranged between the linear servo electric cylinder (6) and the transparent suction anchor (2), and a connecting rod (21) detachably connected with the top of the transparent suction anchor (2) is arranged at the bottom of the flange (4).
6. The test device for realizing visualization of the soil body under the high-speed load of the suction anchor according to claim 5, wherein the linear servo electric cylinder (6) is provided with a tension sensor (5), and the device further comprises a data acquisition instrument (15) electrically connected with the tension sensor (5).
7. The test device for realizing soil body visualization under high-speed load of the suction anchor according to claim 1, wherein the top of the transparent suction anchor (2) is provided with an exhaust hole (18), a threaded hole (19) and a level gauge (20).
8. The test device for realizing the visualization of the soil body under the high-speed load of the suction anchor according to claim 7, characterized in that the device further comprises an exhaust pipe (10) matched with the exhaust hole (18) and a micro hole pressure sensor (11).
9. The test device for realizing soil body visualization under high-speed load of the suction anchor according to claim 1, wherein the visualization system comprises a laser emitter (13), an optical prism (12) arranged between the laser emitter (13) and the transparent box body (1), and a camera (16) matched with the transparent box body (1).
10. The test device for realizing visualization of soil body under high-speed load of a suction anchor according to claim 9, wherein the visualization system further comprises a laser controller (14) connected with the laser emitter (13) and a computer (17) connected with the camera (16).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115656478A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-01-31 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Seepage-proofing shearing test device for simulating ice particle circulating shearing and using method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115656478A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-01-31 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Seepage-proofing shearing test device for simulating ice particle circulating shearing and using method |
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