Device and method for testing safety performance of explosives and powders
Technical Field
The invention relates to a testing device, in particular to a device and a method for testing safety performance of explosives and powders, and belongs to the technical field of chemical testing.
Background
The explosives and powders refer to explosives and powders, which are products with explosion effect by mixing flammable and explosive chemicals in a proper proportion, and are generally used in the blasting industry and field, and are generally used for blasting operation, such as blasting demolition of buildings or blasting mining of mines.
Because explosives and powders are generally prepared by different component proportions, the types of explosives and powders are various, the properties and the explosion power of each type are different, and in order to know the properties of explosives and powders and the burning and explosion conditions of the explosives and powders and further know the safety of the explosives and powders, a testing device is needed to test the explosion conditions of the explosives and powders.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a device and a method for testing safety of explosives and powders, which can perform a safety test on explosives and powders so as to know the pressure or temperature at which the explosives and powders will explode.
The invention realizes the aim through the following technical scheme, and the device comprises a base, wherein the inner wall of the base is slidably connected with a lifting plate, the top of the lifting plate is fixedly connected with a circular ring, a testing barrel is arranged inside the circular ring, the outer wall of the testing barrel is fixedly connected with a thermometer, the base is connected with a driving mechanism, the top of the base is fixedly connected with an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism comprises a top seat, a hydraulic machine, a pressing plate, a fixed sleeve, a sliding sleeve and a piston, the top of the base is fixedly connected with the top seat, the top of the top seat is fixedly connected with the hydraulic machine, the inner wall of the top seat is slidably connected with the pressing plate, the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the hydraulic machine, the bottom of the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the fixed sleeve, the inner wall of the fixed sleeve is slidably connected with the sliding sleeve, and the bottom of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with the piston, the piston is connected with a heating mechanism.
Preferably, actuating mechanism includes the screw rod, fixedly connected with two between the top inner wall of base and the bottom inner wall the screw rod, two screw rods all with lifter plate threaded connection.
Preferably, actuating mechanism still includes control cabinet, rotary column and carousel, one side fixedly connected with of base the control cabinet rotates on the control cabinet and is connected with the rotary column, the one end fixedly connected with of the rotary column that is located outside the control cabinet the carousel.
Preferably, the driving mechanism further comprises a first gear and a second gear, the first gear is fixedly connected to the two screws, the second gear is fixedly connected to the rotary column, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear.
Preferably, the driving mechanism further comprises a through hole and a ventilation hole, the through hole is formed in the top of the base, the ventilation hole is formed in the test barrel, and the through hole is matched with the ventilation hole.
Preferably, the adjusting mechanism further comprises a spring, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing plate, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top of the piston.
Preferably, the heating mechanism comprises a power supply and a heating block, the power supply is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the fixing sleeve, and the heating block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston.
Preferably, the heating mechanism further comprises a plug wire and a wire, the power supply is electrically connected with the plug wire, the power supply is electrically connected with one end of the wire, and the other end of the wire is electrically connected with the heating block.
Preferably, the test method comprises:
s1: the explosive to be tested is firstly put into the testing barrel, then the testing barrel is put on the lifting plate, and the testing barrel is added in the middle of the circular ring, so that the testing barrel is limited by the circular ring and is fixed.
S2: the lifting plate is controlled to ascend by using the driving mechanism, so that the test barrel moves upwards, the piston can enter the test barrel, and the subsequent adjustment of the air pressure in the test barrel is facilitated.
S3: the up-and-down movement of the piston in the testing barrel is controlled by starting the hydraulic machine, so that the air pressure in the testing barrel is changed, and the stability and the safety of explosives and powders under different air pressures are tested by controlling the increase or decrease of the air pressure in the testing barrel.
S4: the temperature in the testing barrel is raised through the heating mechanism, and the temperature of the testing barrel is observed through the thermometer, so that the temperature condition of the explosive can be tested to explode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
through setting up test bucket and lifter plate, make can put into the test bucket with the explosive that needs carry out the test, put the lifter plate with the test bucket afterwards, and make the test bucket add in the middle of the ring, thereby make the test bucket receive the ring restriction and fix, after the test bucket is put, rotate the carousel, thereby it rotates to drive the rotary column, and then make the second gear revolve, drive two first gear revolutions of meshing with it behind the second gear revolution, two first gear revolutions drive two screw rods and rotate, two screw rods rotate, can drive the lifter plate and slide and rise on the base inner wall, thereby make the test bucket rise thereupon.
Through the arrangement of the driving mechanism and the adjusting mechanism, after the test barrel is placed well, the turntable is rotated to drive the rotary column to rotate, so that the second gear rotates to drive the two first gears meshed with the second gear to rotate after the second gear rotates, the two first gears rotate to drive the two screws to rotate, the two screws rotate to drive the lifting plate to slide and lift on the inner wall of the base, so that the test barrel lifts along with the second gear, when the test barrel rises to the highest point, the test barrel is inserted into the through hole at the moment, in the process, as the test barrel rises, the piston slides into the test barrel, and as the vent hole is formed in the test barrel, when the piston moves relative to the test barrel, air in the test barrel can be discharged through the vent hole, so that the air pressure in the test barrel is kept stable, and when the test barrel moves to the highest point, the vent hole just moves into the through hole at the moment, thereby being plugged up by the inner wall of through-hole, consequently be in the state of relative seal in the test bucket this moment, the air can not be discharged, open the hydraulic press this moment, the hydraulic press drives the clamp plate and rises or descend, and then drive the piston upwards slip or lapse on the inner wall of test bucket, the atmospheric pressure in the test bucket can diminish then of upwards sliding, the atmospheric pressure in the test bucket can increase then of lapse, atmospheric pressure in the removal regulation test bucket through the piston, then can learn and be greater than atmospheric pressure or be less than atmospheric pressure, whether the explosive can take place to explode.
Through setting up heating mechanism for can make power and outside connect the electricity through the plug wire, thereby for the heating piece power supply, make the heating piece heating, thereby learn whether the explosive can take place to explode under the high temperature condition, and test bucket itself is hard metal texture, and the temperature that the temperature in the test bucket and thermometer measured is close.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a base and a driving mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the base of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the fixing sleeve of the heating mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the first gear and the second gear in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a lifting plate; 3. a circular ring; 4. a testing barrel; 5. a thermometer; 6. a drive mechanism; 61. a console; 62. turning the column; 63. a turntable; 64. a screw; 65. a first gear; 66. a second gear; 67. a through hole; 68. a ventilation hole; 7. an adjustment mechanism; 71. a top seat; 72. a hydraulic press; 73. pressing a plate; 74. fixing a sleeve; 75. a sliding sleeve; 76. a piston; 77. a spring; 8. a heating mechanism; 81. a power source; 82. inserting wires; 83. a wire; 84. and heating the block.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, a device and a method for testing safety performance of explosives and powders, including a base 1, a lifting plate 2 slidably connected to an inner wall of the base 1, a ring 3 fixedly connected to a top of the lifting plate 2, the ring 3 being capable of clamping a testing barrel 4, so that the testing barrel 4 is fixed by the ring 3, the testing barrel 4 is disposed inside the ring 3, a thermometer 5 is fixedly connected to an outer wall of the testing barrel 4, a driving mechanism 6 is connected to the base 1, an adjusting mechanism 7 is fixedly connected to a top of the base 1, the adjusting mechanism 7 includes a top base 71, a hydraulic machine 72, a pressing plate 73, a fixing sleeve 74, a sliding sleeve 75 and a piston 76, the top of the base 1 is fixedly connected to the top base 71, the hydraulic machine 72 is fixedly connected to a top of the top base 71, the pressing plate 73 is slidably connected to an inner wall of the top base 71, the pressing plate 73 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic machine 72, the fixing sleeve 74 is fixedly connected to a bottom of the pressing plate 73, sliding connection has sliding sleeve 75 on the inner wall of fixed cover 74, the bottom fixedly connected with piston 76 of sliding sleeve 75, be connected with heating mechanism 8 on the piston 76, open hydraulic press 72, hydraulic press 72 drives clamp plate 73 and rises or descends, and then drive piston 76 and upwards slide or slide down on the inner wall of test bucket 4, the atmospheric pressure in test bucket 4 can diminish if the upwards slides, the atmospheric pressure in test bucket 4 can increase if the downwards slides, the atmospheric pressure in test bucket 4 is adjusted in the removal through piston 76, then can learn and be greater than atmospheric pressure or be less than atmospheric pressure, whether the explosive can take place the blasting.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the driving mechanism 6 comprises a screw 64, two screws 64 are fixedly connected between the top inner wall and the bottom inner wall of the base 1, and both screws 64 are in threaded connection with the lifting plate 2.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the driving mechanism 6 further comprises a control console 61, a rotary column 62 and a rotary table 63, wherein the control console 61 is fixedly connected to one side of the base 1, the rotary column 62 is rotatably connected to the control console 61, and the rotary table 63 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotary column 62, which is positioned outside the control console 61.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the driving mechanism 6 further comprises a first gear 65 and a second gear 66, the first gear 65 is fixedly connected to each of the two screws 64, the second gear 66 is fixedly connected to the rotary column 62, the first gear 65 is meshed with the second gear 66, after the test barrel 4 is placed, the rotary table 63 is rotated to drive the rotary column 62 to rotate, so that the second gear 66 rotates, the second gear 66 rotates to drive the two first gears 65 meshed with the second gear to rotate, the two first gears 65 rotate to drive the two screws 64 to rotate, the two screws 64 rotate to drive the lifting plate 2 to slide and lift on the inner wall of the base 1, so that the test barrel 4 lifts along with the second gear, when the test barrel 4 lifts to the highest point, the test barrel 4 is inserted into the through hole 67, and in the process, as the test barrel 4 lifts, the piston 76 slides into the test barrel 4, since the vent hole 68 is formed on the testing barrel 4, when the piston 76 moves relative to the testing barrel 4, the air in the testing barrel 4 can be discharged through the vent hole 68, so as to keep the air pressure in the testing barrel 4 stable, and when the testing barrel 4 moves to the highest point, the vent hole 68 just moves into the through hole 67, so as to be blocked by the inner wall of the through hole 67, so that the inside of the testing barrel 4 is in a relatively sealed state.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the driving mechanism 6 further comprises a through hole 67 and a ventilation hole 68, the through hole 67 is formed in the top of the base 1, the ventilation hole 68 is formed in the testing barrel 4, and the through hole 67 is matched with the ventilation hole 68.
As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, the adjusting mechanism 7 further includes a spring 77, one end of the spring 77 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing plate 73, and the other end of the spring 77 is fixedly connected to the top of the piston 76.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the heating mechanism 8 comprises a power supply 81 and a heating block 84, the power supply 81 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the fixed sleeve 74, and the heating block 84 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston 76.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the heating mechanism 8 further comprises a plug wire 82 and a lead 83, the power supply 81 is electrically connected with the plug wire 82, the power supply 81 is electrically connected with one end of the lead 83, the other end of the lead 83 is electrically connected with the heating block 84, the power supply 81 is electrically connected with the outside through the plug wire 82, so that power is supplied to the heating block 84, the heating block 84 is heated, whether the explosive and the gunpowder can be exploded at high temperature or not is known, the testing barrel 4 is made of hard metal, and the temperature in the testing barrel 4 is close to the temperature measured by the thermometer 5.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the test method comprises the following steps:
s1: the explosive to be tested is firstly put into the testing barrel 4, then the testing barrel 4 is put on the lifting plate 2, and the testing barrel 4 is added in the middle of the circular ring 3, so that the testing barrel 4 is limited and fixed by the circular ring 3.
S2: the subsequent adjustment of the air pressure in the test bucket 4 is facilitated by using the drive mechanism 6 to control the elevation of the elevator plate 2, thereby moving the test bucket 4 upward and thereby enabling the piston 76 to enter the test bucket 4.
S3: the up and down movement of the piston 76 in the test bucket 4 is controlled by turning on the hydraulic press 72, so as to change the air pressure in the test bucket 4, and the stability and the safety of the explosive under different air pressures are tested by controlling the increase or decrease of the air pressure in the test bucket 4.
S4: the temperature inside the test bucket 4 is raised by the heating mechanism 8, and the temperature of the test bucket 4 is observed by the thermometer 5, thereby testing at which temperature the explosive and powder may explode.
When the invention is used, firstly, the explosive and powder to be tested is put into the testing barrel 4, then the testing barrel 4 is put on the lifting plate 2, and the testing barrel 4 is added in the middle of the circular ring 3, so that the testing barrel 4 is limited and fixed by the circular ring 3, when the testing barrel 4 is put, the rotary disc 63 is rotated, so that the rotary column 62 is driven to rotate, so that the second gear 66 is driven to rotate, the second gear 66 drives the two first gears 65 which are meshed with the second gear to rotate, the two first gears 65 drive the two screw rods 64 to rotate, the two screw rods 64 rotate, the lifting plate 2 is driven to slide and lift on the inner wall of the base 1, so that the testing barrel 4 rises along with the second gear, when the testing barrel 4 rises to the highest point, the testing barrel 4 at the moment is inserted into the through hole 67, and in the process, as the testing barrel 4 rises, the piston 76 slides into the testing barrel 4, and as the testing barrel 4 is provided with the ventilation hole 68, therefore, when the piston 76 moves relative to the testing barrel 4, the air in the testing barrel 4 can be exhausted through the ventilating hole 68, so as to keep the air pressure in the testing barrel 4 stable, and when the testing barrel 4 moves to the highest point, the ventilating hole 68 at this time just moves into the through hole 67, so as to be blocked by the inner wall of the through hole 67, so that the inside of the testing barrel 4 is in a relatively sealed state, the air cannot be exhausted, at this time, the hydraulic machine 72 is started, the hydraulic machine 72 drives the pressing plate 73 to ascend or descend, and further drives the piston 76 to slide upwards or downwards on the inner wall of the testing barrel 4, the air pressure in the testing barrel 4 is reduced when the piston slides upwards, the air pressure in the testing barrel 4 is increased when the piston slides downwards, and whether the explosive is exploded under the atmospheric pressure or the atmospheric pressure when the piston 76 moves to adjust the air pressure in the testing barrel 4 can be known, besides, can make power 81 and outside connect the electricity through plug wire 82 to for heating block 84 power supply, make heating block 84 heating, thereby learn whether the explosive and explosive will take place to explode under the high temperature condition, and test bucket 4 itself is hard metal texture, and the temperature that test bucket 4 is inside is close with the temperature that thermometer 5 surveyed.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.