Explosive safety performance testing device and testing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a testing device, in particular to a device and a method for testing the safety performance of explosives and powders, and belongs to the technical field of chemical testing.
Background
The explosives and powders refer to explosives, which are products with explosion effects by mixing some inflammable and explosive chemicals in proper proportion, are generally used in the blasting industry and field, and are generally used for blasting operations, such as blasting demolition of buildings, or explosion exploitation of mines, etc.
Because the explosives and powders are generally prepared by mixing different components in proportion, the types of the explosives and powders are various, the properties and the explosive power of each type are different, and in order to know the properties of the explosives and powders and know the conditions of the explosion and the safety of the explosives and powders, a testing device is needed to test the explosion conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a device and a method for testing the safety performance of explosives and powders, which can be used for testing the safety performance of the explosives and powders so as to know the pressure or the temperature under which the explosive combustion occurs.
The invention realizes the aim through the following technical scheme, the explosive safety performance testing device and the explosive safety performance testing method comprise a base, wherein the inner wall of the base is connected with a lifting plate in a sliding way, the top of the lifting plate is fixedly connected with a circular ring, a testing barrel is arranged in the circular ring, a thermometer is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the testing barrel, a driving mechanism is connected to the base, an adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the base, the adjusting mechanism comprises a top seat, a hydraulic press, a pressing plate, a fixed sleeve, a sliding sleeve and a piston, the top of the base is fixedly connected with the top seat, the top of the top seat is fixedly connected with the hydraulic press, the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the hydraulic press, the bottom of the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the fixed sleeve, the sliding sleeve is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve, the piston is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding sleeve, and a heating mechanism is connected to the piston.
Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a screw rod, two screw rods are fixedly connected between the top inner wall and the bottom inner wall of the base, and the two screw rods are in threaded connection with the lifting plate.
Preferably, the driving mechanism further comprises a control console, a rotating column and a rotary table, wherein one side of the base is fixedly connected with the control console, the rotating column is rotationally connected to the control console, and one end, located outside the control console, of the rotating column is fixedly connected with the rotary table.
Preferably, the driving mechanism further comprises a first gear and a second gear, the first gear is fixedly connected to the two screws, the second gear is fixedly connected to the rotating column, and the first gear and the second gear are meshed.
Preferably, the driving mechanism further comprises a through hole and an air vent, the through hole is formed in the top of the base, the air vent is formed in the test barrel, and the through hole is matched with the air vent.
Preferably, the adjusting mechanism further comprises a spring, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing plate, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top of the piston.
Preferably, the heating mechanism comprises a power supply and a heating block, wherein the power supply is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the fixed sleeve, and the heating block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston.
Preferably, the heating mechanism further comprises a plug wire and a wire, the plug wire is electrically connected to the power supply, one end of the wire is electrically connected to the power supply, and the other end of the wire is electrically connected with the heating block.
Preferably, the test method comprises:
s1: firstly, putting the explosive to be tested into a test barrel, then putting the test barrel on a lifting plate, and enabling the test barrel to be arranged in the middle of a circular ring, so that the test barrel is limited and fixed by the circular ring.
S2: the lifting plate is controlled to lift by the driving mechanism, so that the test barrel moves upwards, and the piston can enter the test barrel, thereby facilitating the subsequent adjustment of the air pressure in the test barrel.
S3: the hydraulic press is started to control the piston to move up and down in the test barrel, so that the air pressure in the test barrel is changed, and the stability and safety of the explosives and powders under different air pressures are tested by controlling the increase or decrease of the air pressure in the test barrel.
S4: the temperature in the test barrel is increased through the heating mechanism, and the temperature of the test barrel is observed through the thermometer, so that the explosive can be exploded under the condition of what temperature.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
Through setting up test barrel and lifter plate for can put into test barrel with the explosive that needs to test, put the lifter plate later on with test barrel, and make test barrel add in the middle of the ring, thereby make test barrel receive the ring restriction and fix, after test barrel is put, rotate the carousel, thereby drive the revolving post and rotate, and then make the second gear rotate, drive two first gears rotation with its meshing behind the second gear rotation, two first gears rotation drive two screw rods rotation, two screw rods rotation can drive the lifter plate and slide on the base inner wall and rise, thereby make test barrel rise thereupon.
Through setting up actuating mechanism and adjustment mechanism for after the test barrel is put well, rotate the carousel, thereby drive the steering column and rotate, and then make the second gear rotate, the second gear rotates back and drives two first gears of meshing with it and rotate, two first gears rotate and drive two screw rods and rotate, two screw rods rotate, can drive the lifter plate and slide on the base inner wall and rise, thereby make the test barrel rise thereupon, when the test barrel risees to the highest point, the test barrel at this moment inserts in the through-hole, and in this process, because the test barrel rises, the piston slides into the inside of test barrel, and because set up the vent on the test barrel, therefore the piston can be through the vent discharge when relative test barrel removes, thereby keep the atmospheric pressure in the test barrel stable, and when the test barrel removes to the highest point, the vent just moves to in the through-hole, thereby be plugged up by the inner wall of through-hole, consequently, be in the state of relative seal at this moment, the air can not discharge, the hydraulic press drives the clamp plate and rises or falls, and then drive the piston and slide upwards or slide in the test barrel and then can be changed atmospheric pressure in the test barrel, can be changed, the atmospheric pressure is then can be changed, the atmospheric pressure is moved in the test barrel is moved.
Through setting up heating mechanism for can make power and outside meet the electricity through the plug wire, thereby for the heating block power supply, make the heating block heat, thereby learn whether the explosive can take place under the high temperature condition and fire and explode, and test barrel itself is hard metal texture, the temperature in the test barrel is close with the temperature that the thermometer measured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure between a base and a driving mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the base of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the fixing sleeve of the heating mechanism in the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of a first gear and a second gear in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a lifting plate; 3. a circular ring; 4. a test barrel; 5. a thermometer; 6. a driving mechanism; 61. a console; 62. a rotating column; 63. a turntable; 64. a screw; 65. a first gear; 66. a second gear; 67. a through hole; 68. an air vent; 7. an adjusting mechanism; 71. a top base; 72. a hydraulic press; 73. a pressing plate; 74. a fixed sleeve; 75. a sliding sleeve; 76. a piston; 77. a spring; 8. a heating mechanism; 81. a power supply; 82. plugging wires; 83. a wire; 84. and heating the block.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, a device and a method for testing safety performance of explosives and powders, comprising a base 1, wherein a lifting plate 2 is slidingly connected on the inner wall of the base 1, a circular ring 3 is fixedly connected on the top of the lifting plate 2, the circular ring 3 can clamp a test barrel 4, so that the test barrel 4 is fixed under the limitation of the circular ring 3, the test barrel 4 is arranged in the circular ring 3, a thermometer 5 is fixedly connected on the outer wall of the test barrel 4, a driving mechanism 6 is connected on the base 1, an adjusting mechanism 7 is fixedly connected on the top of the base 1, the adjusting mechanism 7 comprises a top seat 71, a hydraulic press 72, a pressing plate 73, a fixing sleeve 74, a sliding sleeve 75 and a piston 76, the top of the base 1 is fixedly connected with the top seat 71, the top of the top seat 71 is fixedly connected with the hydraulic press 72, the inner wall of footstock 71 is last sliding connection has clamp plate 73, clamp plate 73 and hydraulic press 72 fixed connection, the fixed cover 74 of bottom fixedly connected with of clamp plate 73, sliding connection has sliding sleeve 75 on the inner wall of fixed cover 74, the bottom fixedly connected with piston 76 of sliding sleeve 75, be connected with heating mechanism 8 on the piston 76, open hydraulic press 72, hydraulic press 72 drives clamp plate 73 and rises or descend, and then drive piston 76 and upwards slide or downwards slide on the inner wall of test barrel 4, upwards slide then the atmospheric pressure in test barrel 4 can become less, downwards slide then the atmospheric pressure in the test barrel 4 can increase, through the removal of piston 76 regulation the atmospheric pressure in the test barrel 4, then can learn whether the explosive can take place to fire and explode under being greater than atmospheric pressure or being less than atmospheric pressure.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the driving mechanism 6 comprises screw rods 64, two screw rods 64 are fixedly connected between the top inner wall and the bottom inner wall of the base 1, and the two screw rods 64 are in threaded connection with the lifting plate 2.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the driving mechanism 6 further comprises a console 61, a rotating column 62 and a rotary table 63, wherein the console 61 is fixedly connected to one side of the base 1, the rotating column 62 is rotatably connected to the console 61, and the rotary table 63 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating column 62, which is positioned outside the console 61.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the driving mechanism 6 further comprises a first gear 65 and a second gear 66, the first gear 65 is fixedly connected to the two screws 64, the second gear 66 is fixedly connected to the rotary column 62, the first gear 65 is meshed with the second gear 66, after the test barrel 4 is placed well, the rotary table 63 is rotated, so that the rotary column 62 is driven to rotate, the second gear 66 is further rotated, the second gear 66 rotates to drive the two first gears 65 meshed with the rotary table 63 to rotate, the two first gears 65 rotate to drive the two screws 64 to rotate, the two screws 64 rotate, the lifting plate 2 is driven to slide on the inner wall of the base 1 and lift, so that the test barrel 4 rises along with the lifting plate, when the test barrel 4 rises to the highest point, the test barrel 4 at the moment is inserted into the through hole 67, and in the process, as the test barrel 4 rises, the piston 76 slides into the inside of the test barrel 4, and as the vent holes 68 are formed in the test barrel 4, when the piston 76 moves relatively to the test barrel 4, the air in the test barrel 4 can be discharged through the vent holes 68, so that the air in the test barrel 4 can be sealed to the highest point, and the air pressure in the test barrel 4 is just sealed and the vent hole 67 is in the test barrel 4.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the driving mechanism 6 further comprises a through hole 67 and an air vent 68, the top of the base 1 is provided with the through hole 67, the test barrel 4 is provided with the air vent 68, and the through hole 67 is matched with the air vent 68.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the adjusting mechanism 7 further comprises a spring 77, one end of the spring 77 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing plate 73, and the other end of the spring 77 is fixedly connected to the top of the piston 76.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the heating mechanism 8 comprises a power supply 81 and a heating block 84, wherein the power supply 81 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top of the fixed sleeve 74, and the heating block 84 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston 76.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the heating mechanism 8 further comprises a plug wire 82 and a wire 83, the plug wire 82 is electrically connected to the power supply 81, one end of the wire 83 is electrically connected to the power supply 81, the other end of the wire 83 is electrically connected to the heating block 84, the power supply 81 is electrically connected to the outside through the plug wire 82, so that the heating block 84 is powered, the heating block 84 is heated, whether the explosive is exploded under the high temperature condition or not is known, the testing barrel 4 is of a hard metal texture, and the temperature in the testing barrel 4 is close to the temperature measured by the thermometer 5.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the testing method comprises the following steps:
s1: the explosives and powders to be tested are first placed into the test barrel 4, then the test barrel 4 is placed on the lifting plate 2, and the test barrel 4 is added in the middle of the circular ring 3, so that the test barrel 4 is limited and fixed by the circular ring 3.
S2: the lifting of the lifting plate 2 is controlled by using the driving mechanism 6, so that the test barrel 4 moves upwards, and the piston 76 can enter the test barrel 4, thereby facilitating the subsequent adjustment of the air pressure in the test barrel 4.
S3: the piston 76 is controlled to move up and down in the test barrel 4 by opening the hydraulic press 72, so that the air pressure in the test barrel 4 is changed, and the stability and safety of the explosives and powders under different air pressures are tested by controlling the increase or decrease of the air pressure in the test barrel 4.
S4: the temperature in the test barrel 4 is raised by the heating mechanism 8, and the temperature of the test barrel 4 is observed by the thermometer 5, so that the condition of the temperature at which the explosives and powders can explode is tested.
When the invention is used, firstly, the explosive to be tested is put into the test barrel 4, then the test barrel 4 is put on the lifting plate 2, and the test barrel 4 is added in the middle of the circular ring 3, so that the test barrel 4 is limited and fixed by the circular ring 3, after the test barrel 4 is put, the rotary table 63 is rotated, so that the rotary column 62 is driven to rotate, the second gear 66 is further driven to rotate, the second gear 66 rotates to drive the two first gears 65 meshed with the rotary table 62 to rotate, the two first gears 65 rotate to drive the two screws 64 to rotate, the two screws 64 rotate to drive the lifting plate 2 to slide on the inner wall of the base 1 and lift, so that the test barrel 4 rises along with the lifting plate, when the test barrel 4 rises to the highest point, the test barrel 4 is inserted into the through hole 67 at the moment, and in the process, the piston 76 slides into the inside of the test barrel 4 due to the fact that the air vent holes 68 are arranged on the test barrel 4, therefore, when the piston 76 moves relative to the test barrel 4, air in the test barrel 4 can be discharged through the air vent 68, so that the air pressure in the test barrel 4 is kept stable, when the test barrel 4 moves to the highest point, the air vent 68 just moves into the through hole 67 and is blocked by the inner wall of the through hole 67, so that the test barrel 4 is in a relatively sealed state, air cannot be discharged, the hydraulic press 72 is started, the hydraulic press 72 drives the pressing plate 73 to rise or fall, the piston 76 is driven to slide upwards or downwards on the inner wall of the test barrel 4, the air pressure in the test barrel 4 is reduced when the piston 76 slides upwards, the air pressure in the test barrel 4 is increased when the piston 76 moves downwards, and whether the explosive is exploded or not can be known when the air pressure in the test barrel 4 is regulated when the air pressure is higher than or lower than the atmospheric pressure, in addition, the power supply 81 and the outside can be connected with electricity through the plug wire 82, so that the heating block 84 is powered, the heating block 84 is heated, whether the explosive or the explosive is exploded under the high temperature condition or not is known, the test barrel 4 is of a hard metal texture, and the temperature in the test barrel 4 is close to the temperature measured by the thermometer 5.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.